CN110086308B - Six-phase magnetic-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor - Google Patents

Six-phase magnetic-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110086308B
CN110086308B CN201910456341.2A CN201910456341A CN110086308B CN 110086308 B CN110086308 B CN 110086308B CN 201910456341 A CN201910456341 A CN 201910456341A CN 110086308 B CN110086308 B CN 110086308B
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rotor
stator
permanent magnet
king
teeth
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CN110086308A (en
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陈志辉
陈佳馨
段津津
张昌锦
文力
明庆永
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/16—Stator cores with slots for windings
    • H02K1/165—Shape, form or location of the slots
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/17—Stator cores with permanent magnets
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K16/00—Machines with more than one rotor or stator
    • H02K16/02—Machines with one stator and two or more rotors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K2201/00—Specific aspects not provided for in the other groups of this subclass relating to the magnetic circuits
    • H02K2201/12—Transversal flux machines

Abstract

The invention discloses a six-phase magnetism-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor, which comprises: the stator, inner rotor iron core, outer rotor iron core, armature coil that the permanent magnet of the shape of king formed stator iron core and shape of king. The permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction, the magnetization directions of the two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, and the armature winding is wound in a groove formed by the stator core and the permanent magnets which are alternately arranged. The stator is composed of three unit structures which are uniformly arranged along the circumference, and each two phases are in one unit structure. The inner and outer rotor iron cores are provided with 3 circles of rotor teeth which are arranged along the axial direction and are connected into a whole through a circular column, and two adjacent circles of rotor teeth are staggered by 180-nMechanical angle of degrees. When armature winding interlinkage is maximum, stator teeth and rotor teeth are completely overlapped, permanent magnets adjacent to the same king-shaped stator core gather magnetism to the king-shaped stator core along the circumferential direction at the same time, each permanent magnet provides effective magnetomotive force, a magnetic circuit can move towards two directions of an inner rotor and an outer rotor through a radial air gap, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnets and the torque density are improved.

Description

Six-phase magnetic-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a six-phase magnetism-gathering type transverse flux permanent magnet motor with an internal and external passive rotor, and belongs to the technical field of transverse flux motors.
Background
The transverse flux motor structure is provided by Herbert Weh in Germany in the beginning of the 80 th century, and can fundamentally improve the torque density. In a traditional permanent magnet motor, a stator tooth space is on the same section, if the sectional area of a coil is increased, the width of teeth needs to be reduced, and the size of the tooth space is restricted due to the fact that magnetic flux needs to be reduced under the saturation effect. The stator teeth and the armature coils of the transverse flux permanent magnet motor are mutually vertical in space, the tooth width and the coil cross section are mutually independent, and the magnetic circuit and the circuit are decoupled, so that higher torque density and power density can be obtained, and the transverse flux permanent magnet motor is suitable for the field of direct power drive of wind power generation, electric automobiles, helicopters, ship driving and the like.
The German H.Weh professor completes the prototype manufacture of a 45kW transverse flux permanent magnet motor, and the G.Henneberger professor of Aachen university of industry designs a flat plate type hub structure motor with a single-side stator on the basis of a prototype machine, and the motor is axially arranged in three phases and used for directly driving an electric automobile. [ Henneberger G, Bork M.development of a New transpose flux motor [ C ]. IEE Colloquinolum on New Topologies for Performance Magbet motors, 1997: 1-6].
The 3-megawatt transverse flux permanent magnet motor is developed by the cooperation of the royal navy of the UK and the Roels-Roies company of the UK for the propulsion of a guard ship, the prototype adopts a bilateral structure, the torque is doubled under the condition of small volume increase, but the torque generated by effective materials of a motor unit is not increased. [ Mitcham AJ. Transverse flux motors for electric propulsion of shifts [ C ]. IEE Colloquinolum on New Topologies for Performance Magnetmachinery, 1997: 3/1-3/6].
A transverse flux permanent magnet machine was developed by the cooperation of Peradeniya, university of Sri Lanka and royal institute of technology, stockholm, sweden. The three phases are distributed circumferentially, each phase occupying 120 °. The C-shaped stator core is embedded into the rotor, permanent magnets magnetized in the axial direction are distributed on the disk rotor, and the polarities of the permanent magnets adjacent in the circumferential direction are opposite. The motor can realize higher torque density, but has low power factor. (b.s.payne, s.m.huskband, a.d.band.development Techniques for a conversion Flux motor. international Conference on Power Electronics, Machines and Drivers, 2002: 139-144].
The domestic research on the transverse flux permanent magnet motor is relatively late, but some achievements are achieved.
The Shanghai university provides a transverse flux permanent magnet motor with a bilateral stator and a magnetism-gathering rotor structure, wherein the stator structure consists of an outer stator iron core, an inner stator iron core and a stator transition iron core, and the rotor is embedded in the stator. The motor has high air gap flux density, the inner and outer air gaps participate in energy conversion, the utilization rate of a magnetic field is high, but the torque density is not high. A novel poly-magnetic transverse magnetic field permanent magnet machine research [ J ] in electrical and technical reports [ 2003, 18 (5): 46-49].
According to the transverse flux permanent magnet motor provided by Shenyang industry university, a stator core is formed by winding silicon steel sheets, a built-in magnetic gathering rotor is of a single-side structure, and the stator structure can effectively reduce eddy current loss of the motor and improve the efficiency and the material utilization rate of the motor. A3-phase 5kW prototype is designed and manufactured, the torque density and the power factor of the prototype are high, but a bilateral structure is not adopted, and the utilization rate of the permanent magnet is not high. [ Liu phile, Chenxie Jie, Tang ren Yuan, etc. research on a novel transverse flux permanent magnet motor based on 3D-FEM [ J ]. report on electrotechnics, 2006, (5): 19-23].
The U-shaped stator core and the rotor magnetic pole adopt a three-side wall magnetic concentration type structure. The motor with the structure can better play the magnetic gathering role of the permanent magnet, improve the air gap flux density and simplify the structure of the stator core, but the consumption of the permanent magnet is more and the structure of the rotor is more complex. [ Tuo, Qiu Arei, Li Dalei ] A novel poly-magnetic transverse magnetic field permanent magnet propulsion synchronous motor, 2007 ].
The transverse flux permanent magnet motors adopt a magnetism gathering structure, high air gap flux density can be achieved, the permanent magnets are placed on the rotor, the vibration and heat dissipation problems of the permanent magnets in some application occasions are serious, and researchers also provide a passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor.
A passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor is provided by professor B.E.Hasubek of Alberta university, Canada, permanent magnets and windings are both arranged on a stator, and a rotor inclines by a polar distance. [ Hasubek, B.E., Nowick, E.P.two dimensional fine analysis of passive rotor flux motors with a regulated rotor design [ C ]. Proc.IEEE Canadian Conference on electric and Computer Engineering, Alberta, Canada, 1999 (2): 1199-1204].
A novel passive rotor transverse magnetic flux permanent magnet motor structure is provided by Kombuquan professor and the like of Harbin university of industry, an armature winding and a permanent magnet are both arranged on a stator, the stator consists of a radial stator ring and an axial stator bridge, and the permanent magnet is attached to the surface of the stator. The motor is convenient to cool, the rotor structure is simple and reliable, higher torque density is provided under the condition that the using amount of the permanent magnet is smaller, but the stator structure is more complex, a magnetism gathering structure is not used, and the air gap magnetic density is lower. [ Baoquan Kou, Xiiaobao Yang, Jun Luo, Yiheng Zhou, He Zhang. company of Torque Characteristic beta twin transform Flux Motors with Passive External Rotor structures [ C ].20th International Conference on electronic Machines and Systems, 2017: 1-4].
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the six-phase magnetism-gathering type inner and outer passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor realizes magnetism gathering of the permanent magnets to the stator core, the inner and outer rotor structures can make full use of magnetic fields generated by the permanent magnets, and the technical problems that the existing transverse flux permanent magnet motor is low in permanent magnet utilization rate and complex in rotor structure are solved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
the six-phase magnetism-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor comprises a stator, an internal rotor iron core, an external rotor iron core and an armature coil; the stator comprises three fan-shaped stator sections with the same structure, a gap is formed between every two adjacent stator sections, each stator section comprises p king-shaped permanent magnets and p +1 king-shaped stator cores, the king-shaped stator cores and the king-shaped permanent magnets are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction, and the tangential arc length of the two king-shaped stator cores at the outermost side of each stator section is half of the tangential arc length of the king-shaped stator cores at other positions; the inner rotor iron core and the outer rotor iron core respectively comprise an annular cylindrical rotor yoke and three circles of rotor teeth axially arranged on the rotor yoke, the rotor teeth of the inner rotor iron core are positioned on the outer side of the annular cylindrical rotor yoke, the rotor teeth of the outer rotor iron core are positioned on the inner side of the annular cylindrical rotor yoke, the number of the rotor teeth in each circle is n, two adjacent circles of rotor teeth are staggered by a mechanical angle of 180/n degrees, and the axial position of each circle of rotor teeth is consistent with the axial position of stator teeth formed by the king-shaped stator iron core; the permanent magnet of king shape is along the magnetization of circumference and two adjacent king shape permanent magnets's magnetization direction is opposite, and armature coil coiling is in the recess that forms behind king shape stator core and the alternating arrangement of king shape permanent magnet, and places along axial direction parallel, and an armature coil constitutes a phase winding alone, and six-phase gathers magnetic formula inside and outside passive rotor transverse flux permanent-magnet machine's pole pair number is n, satisfies n 3k +1 or 3k +2, and k is the positive integer of more than or equal to 1, and p is the positive integer of less than or equal to 2 k.
As a preferable mode of the present invention, the wang-shaped stator core is made of a soft magnetic composite material.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the inner rotor core and the outer rotor core are both made of soft magnetic composite materials.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the armature coils are wound in four grooves formed after the wang-shaped stator core and the wang-shaped permanent magnet are alternately arranged, and are axially placed in parallel, and two armature coils at the same circumferential position are reversely connected in series to form a phase winding, so as to form a three-phase winding structure.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the armature coils link the maximum permanent magnetic flux linkage, the stator teeth and the rotor teeth completely overlap each other.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopting the technical scheme has the following technical effects:
1. the passive rotor structure provided by the invention simplifies the iron core structure.
2. When armature windings are interlinked with the maximum permanent magnetic flux linkage, stator teeth and rotor teeth are completely overlapped, the 'king' shaped stator core and the 'king' shaped permanent magnets are alternately arranged along the circumference, the permanent magnets adjacent to the stator core gather magnetism to the stator teeth along the circumference at the same time, each permanent magnet provides effective magnetomotive force, and the permanent magnet utilization rate is improved compared with the existing passive rotor structure transverse flux motor.
3. Compared with an independent inner rotor or outer rotor structure, the structure of the invention has higher space utilization rate and improved torque density under the same motor volume.
4. When the motor runs normally, the directions of currents introduced into the two armature coils axially distributed in each unit structure are opposite, and due to the existence of mutual inductance, the total flux linkage of the windings is weakened, so that the equivalent inductance of the windings is reduced, and the power factor is improved.
5. The permanent magnet is positioned on the stator, so that the vibration is small and the cooling is easy.
6. The stator and rotor cores are made of soft magnetic composite materials, so that loss between magnetic gaps hardly exists, and eddy current loss in the stator and rotor cores is reduced due to the insulating property of the soft magnetic composite materials, so that the efficiency of the motor is improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of poles of a 16-pair pole six-phase flux-concentrating internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet machine of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of poles of a 16-pair pole six-phase flux gathering inner and outer passive rotor tfem rotor of the present invention rotated 1/2 pole pitch (11.25 °) counterclockwise from the position of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a pair of poles of a 16-pair pole six-phase flux concentrating internal and external passive rotor tfem rotor of the present invention rotated counterclockwise by 1 pole pitch (22.5 °) from the position of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 shows the stator structure of the 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor.
Fig. 5 (a) and (b) show an inner rotor core and an outer rotor core of a 16-pair-pole six-phase flux-concentrating inner and outer passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor, respectively, according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 shows the structure of the 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor.
Fig. 7 is an equivalent magnetic circuit diagram of a 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic convergence type inner and outer passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor corresponding to the position in fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is an equivalent magnetic circuit diagram of a 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic convergence type transverse flux permanent magnet motor with an inner passive rotor and an outer passive rotor corresponding to the position in fig. 3.
Fig. 9 (a) and (b) show waveforms of the winding magnetic flux and the back electromotive force according to the rotor position angle, respectively.
Wherein, 1-king-shaped stator core; 2-a permanent magnet of a king shape; 3-an armature coil; 4-an inner rotor core; 5-an outer rotor core; 6-main flux path.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the figures are merely schematic representations of one embodiment, and the blocks or flow diagrams in the figures are not necessarily required to practice the present invention. The technical solution of the present invention is described below by taking a 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic convergence type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor as an example, which is not a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other embodiments according to the technical solution described in the present application, and all embodiments that meet the spirit of the present invention fall into the protection scope of the present invention.
The 16-pair-pole six-phase flux-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor shown in fig. 1 to 6 comprises: the permanent magnet motor comprises a stator consisting of 27 'king' shaped stator cores 1 and 24 'king' shaped permanent magnets 2, 6 armature coils 3, an inner rotor core 4 and an outer rotor core 5. The inner rotor core and the outer rotor core respectively comprise 3 circles of rotor teeth which are arranged along the axial direction and are connected into a whole through a circular column, each circle of rotor teeth comprises 16 rotor teeth, and two adjacent circles of rotor teeth are staggered by a mechanical angle of 11.25 degrees. The stator structure is composed of three unit structures, each two phases are one unit structure, the three unit structures are uniformly arranged along the circumference, each unit structure comprises 8 'king' permanent magnets, 7 'king' stator iron cores with the thickness and 2 'king' stator iron cores with the thickness, the tangential arc length of the thin 'king' stator iron cores at the two ends of each unit structure is half of that of the 'king' stator iron cores at other positions, the 'king' stator iron cores 1 and the 'king' permanent magnets 2 are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction, the 'king' permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction, the magnetization directions of the two adjacent 'king' permanent magnets are opposite, and the armature coils 3 are wound in grooves formed after the 'king' stator iron cores and the 'king' permanent magnets are alternately arranged and are arranged in parallel along the axial direction.
In order to reduce cogging torque, in the inner rotor core 4 and the outer rotor core 5, the mechanical angle of the staggered rotor teeth of two adjacent circles can be slightly shifted on the basis of 180/16 degrees.
The armature coils 3 are wound in four grooves formed after the king-shaped stator iron core 1 and the king-shaped permanent magnets 2 are alternately arranged, 2 coils at the same circumferential position are reversely connected in series to form a phase winding, and a three-phase winding structure can be formed.
The 'king' shaped stator core is made of soft magnetic composite material, and the inner and outer rotor cores are made of soft magnetic composite material.
When the motor rotor is in the position of fig. 1, the flux of the armature winding linkages passes axially through the rotor yoke, in which position the flux of the armature winding linkages is at a maximum, and the equivalent magnetic circuit diagram is shown in fig. 7. When the rotor rotates anticlockwise, the relative area of the teeth of the stator and the rotor is reduced, the magnetic circuit reluctance is increased, the magnetic flux linked with the armature winding is reduced, when the rotor rotates to the position shown in figure 2, the axial magnetic flux of the rotor is 0, and the magnetic flux linked with the armature winding is also 0. When the rotor continues to rotate anticlockwise to the position shown in figure 3, the main excitation path is symmetrical to that shown in figure 1, the equivalent magnetic circuit is shown in figure 8, the axial magnetic flux of the rotor is the same as that shown in figure 6, and the direction is opposite, namely phira2＝-φra1. The symbol meaning in fig. 7 and 8: ePMIs a magnetic potential provided by a permanent magnet, RPMIs the reluctance of a permanent magnet, RstIs the stator core reluctance, R, in one main excitation path shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3rtIs the rotor tooth reluctance, R, in one main excitation path shown in FIGS. 1, 2 and 3gIs the air gap reluctance, R, in one main excitation path shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3raIs a main exciter shown in figures 1, 2 and 3Axial magnetic reluctance of rotor yoke in magnetic path, phira1、φra2Is the axial magnetic flux of the rotor yoke provided by the main excitation path 6.
Through the optimized design, the flux linkage which sinusoidally changes with the rotor angle can be obtained, and the corresponding flux linkage and induced potential waveforms are shown in (a) and (b) of fig. 9. If the motor is driven by the prime mover, the generator can generate electricity, and if corresponding current is introduced according to the counter electromotive force waveform, the generator can be used as a motor to provide torque for a mechanical load. Theta is the rotor position angle and the figure 1 position corresponds to a rotor position angle of 0 degrees. Tau is a polar pitch angle, and pi/16 rad or 11.25 degrees for a 16-pair-pole six-phase magnetic gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor. Phi is the flux of the winding linkage. e is the back electromotive force, emIs the back emf peak.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modifications made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The six-phase magnetism-gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor is characterized by comprising a stator, an inner rotor iron core, an outer rotor iron core and an armature coil; the stator comprises three segmental annular stator sections with the same structure, a gap exists between every two adjacent stator sections, and each stator section comprisespA permanent magnet in the shape of a king block,p+1 king-shaped stator cores, wherein the king-shaped stator cores and the king-shaped permanent magnets are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction, and the tangential arc length of the two king-shaped stator cores at the outermost side of each stator section is half of that of the king-shaped stator cores at other positions; the inner rotor iron core and the outer rotor iron core respectively comprise an annular cylindrical rotor yoke and three circles of rotor teeth which are arranged on the rotor yoke along the axial direction, the rotor teeth of the inner rotor iron core are positioned on the outer side of the annular cylindrical rotor yoke, the rotor teeth of the outer rotor iron core are positioned on the inner side of the annular cylindrical rotor yoke, and the number of each circle of rotor teeth isnTwo adjacent circles of rotor teeth are staggered by 180nMechanical angle of rotation, axial position of rotor teeth per turn and wang statorThe axial positions of the stator teeth formed by the iron cores are consistent; the permanent magnets are magnetized along the circumferential direction, the magnetizing directions of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite, the armature coils are wound in grooves formed after the permanent magnets and the stator cores are alternately arranged, the permanent magnets and the stator cores are axially arranged in parallel, one armature coil independently forms a phase winding, two phase windings are wound on one stator segment, and the number of pole pairs of the six-phase magnetic gathering type internal and external passive rotor transverse magnetic flux permanent magnet motor isnSatisfy the following requirementsn=3k+1 or 3k+2，kIs a positive integer greater than or equal to 1,pis less than or equal to 2kIs a positive integer of (1).
2. The six-phase flux concentrating internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the wang-shaped stator core is made of a soft magnetic composite material.
3. The six-phase flux concentrating internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the inner rotor core and the outer rotor core are made of soft magnetic composite materials.
4. The six-phase flux-gathering type inner and outer passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet motor according to claim 1, wherein the armature coils are wound in four grooves formed after a wang-shaped stator core and a wang-shaped permanent magnet are alternately arranged, and are axially arranged in parallel, and two armature coils at the same circumferential position are reversely connected in series to form a phase winding, so that a three-phase winding structure is formed.
5. The six-phase flux concentrating internal and external passive rotor transverse flux permanent magnet machine of claim 1, wherein the stator teeth and the rotor teeth are completely coincident at maximum permanent magnet flux linkage of the armature coils.
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JP7211313B2 (en) * 2019-09-18 2023-01-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Embedded magnet motor and manufacturing method thereof
CN111969823B (en) * 2020-08-12 2022-10-04 南京航空航天大学 Radial-axial air gap type three-phase disc type transverse flux permanent magnet motor
CN111969819A (en) * 2020-08-12 2020-11-20 南京航空航天大学 Three-phase magnetic-gathering H-shaped stator transverse flux permanent magnet motor
CN111969824B (en) * 2020-08-12 2022-10-04 南京航空航天大学 Radial-axial air gap type multiphase transverse flux permanent magnet motor

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CN104967271B (en) * 2015-06-26 2017-06-13 南京航空航天大学 The passive rotor transverse magnetic flux monophase machine of Crossed Circle winding
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