CN110085207B - Method for designing honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure - Google Patents
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- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229920002595 Dielectric elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 29
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001746 electroactive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
- B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
- B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
- B32B3/266—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by an apertured layer, the apertures going through the whole thickness of the layer, e.g. expanded metal, perforated layer, slit layer regular cells B32B3/12
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/162—Selection of materials
- G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
- G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/10—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular acoustical properties
- B32B2307/102—Insulating
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Abstract
The invention designs a novel honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure with electrically adjustable sound absorption performance based on a composite material honeycomb plate structure, which comprises the following design steps: calculating according to a theoretical model of the double-layer micro-perforated plate to obtain the influence of the perforation aperture and the perforation rate on the sound absorption performance of the structure; the DE micro-perforation film capable of changing micro-perforation parameters by controlling external voltage is designed; numerical simulation and calculation find the perforation rate adjusting range which is more suitable for adjustment. The design method of the invention has simple principle, and can play the characteristic of adjusting the sound absorption peak value only by partially adding the structure in the traditional honeycomb structure. The practicability is strong, and the operation and popularization are easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a low-noise design method of a honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure, and particularly relates to a design method of an electrically adjustable sound absorption frequency honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure.
Background
The honeycomb sandwich composite structure is a structure which has the characteristics of light weight and is widely applied to the fields of aviation and constructional engineering while corresponding physical properties are reserved. The common honeycomb sandwich plate structure has the sound insulation characteristic, and in order to achieve the sound absorption and insulation integrated design, an additionally added porous material is needed to achieve the sound absorption purpose, so that a large amount of additional structure weight is caused, and the honeycomb sandwich plate structure is undoubtedly a fatal defect in the fields of aviation and buildings. Therefore, the method for researching the low-noise design of the honeycomb sandwich composite plate structure on the premise of keeping the light weight has great significance for the research of vibration and noise reduction of the honeycomb sandwich composite plate structure. The existing common circular honeycomb sandwich plate structure (as shown in fig. 1) is formed by combining an upper surface plate 1 and a lower surface plate 2 with a honeycomb core 6 sandwiched therebetween.
Because the honeycomb sandwich composite structure has sound insulation performance, and the micro-perforated sound absorption structure is used, the honeycomb-micro-perforated composite structure can be formed, and the honeycomb sandwich composite structure is an effective way for improving the low-frequency sound absorption performance of the honeycomb structure. In recent years, many scholars have made intensive studies on this. According to the sound absorption principle of the micro-perforated plate, the plate thickness, the cavity depth, the perforation aperture and the perforation rate of the micro-perforated plate structure can affect the sound absorption performance of the structure, namely the sound absorption coefficient and the frequency at the sound absorption peak value. From the existing research results, once the traditional honeycomb-micro-perforated composite structure is assembled, the honeycomb sandwich structure has fixity for absorbing noise, the internal shape of the honeycomb-micro-perforated composite structure is not changed, and the sound absorption coefficient and the sound absorption frequency band of the composite structure can not be adjusted at any time. Is not suitable for variable environmental noise in various fields of modern life and production.
While the Dielectric Elastomer (DE) material, which is one of the electroactive polymers (EAPs) of the electronic type, uses an electric field or coulomb force as a driving force. That is, after both sides of the DE material covered with the flexible electrodes on the upper and lower surfaces are applied with electrostatic voltage, the material expands and extends in the horizontal direction and contracts and decreases in the vertical direction. When a DE material is used for manufacturing the micro-perforated film, the material is deformed by applying a certain voltage to the material, so that the pore diameter and the perforation rate of the micro-perforated film are changed simultaneously, and finally the purpose of adjusting the sound absorption frequency can be achieved.
The honeycomb-micro-perforated composite structure is more special than a common structure, and mainly the micro-perforated part of the honeycomb-micro-perforated composite structure plays a larger sound absorption role. Therefore, under the condition of not changing the overall layout of the honeycomb-micro perforated composite structure, the honeycomb-micro perforated composite plate structure can realize adjustable sound absorption frequency by directly changing the perforation aperture and the perforation rate of the micro perforated plate, thereby effectively controlling noise.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel design method of a honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure aiming at the condition that the honeycomb-micro-perforated film composite structure is vertically excited from top to bottom, a DE film is made into the micro-perforated structure and is arranged in the center of a honeycomb, and a certain voltage is applied to two sides of the perforated film through good dielectric property of materials, so that the film is changed in the extension direction, the perforated aperture is changed, meanwhile, the perforation rate of the DE micro-perforated film is changed due to the fact that the number of holes is constant, the sound absorption performance of the structure is adjusted through the change of the aperture and the perforation rate, and the purpose of light weight of the composite structure is achieved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problem. The design method of the honeycomb-micro perforated plate composite structure comprises an upper surface plate, a lower surface plate and a honeycomb core clamped between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, and is characterized in that a DE micro perforated film is arranged in the honeycomb core, and the upper side and the lower side of the DE micro perforated film are plated with flexible electrodes and are connected with an external voltage generation end through leads; the design steps are as follows:
1) The upper surface plate uses a micro-perforated plate and a DE micro-perforated film to form a double-layer micro-perforated plate structure, and the theory of the double-layer micro-perforated plate obtained by the derivation of the Ma's theory is as follows:
in the above formulas, r i Relative acoustic resistance of the i-th microperforated panel, m i Is the relative acoustic mass, t, of the i-th microperforated panel i Thickness of the i-th microperforated plate, d i Is the perforation diameter, p, of the i-th microperforated panel i Is the percentage of the perforated area of the i-th layer of microperforated panel to the total panel area, D i Is the thickness of the cavity behind the i-th microperforated panel, k i Constant of the perforated plate of the ith micro-perforated plate, mu is the kinematic viscosity coefficient of air, rho is the air density, c is the sound velocity in the air at normal temperature, f 0 Is sound frequency, omega is sound circle frequency, alpha is sound absorption system of double-layer microperforated panelCounting; z is the total relative acoustic impedance of the double-layer microperforated panel; wherein the upper surface plate is a first layer of micro-perforated plate, and the DE micro-perforated film is a second layer of micro-perforated plate;
when Im (z) =0, i.e., when the following equation is satisfied, the two-layer micro-perforated panel sound absorber reaches resonance:
the sound absorption coefficient at resonance is:
from the above theoretical formula, it can be seen that when the perforation aperture d and the perforation rate p are decreased, the relative acoustic resistance r and the relative acoustic mass m are increased, and the resonance frequency f is increased 0 Reduced, maximum sound absorption coefficient alpha 0 Increase, i.e. the absorption peak frequency moves towards low frequencies;
2) The micropore arrangement of the micro-perforating bodies generally has two forms of triangular arrangement (close arrangement) and square arrangement (sparse arrangement), wherein the perforation rate calculation formula in the triangular arrangement is as follows:
the formula for calculating the perforation rate when the squares are arranged is as follows:
in the formula, B is the hole spacing, and the specific distribution position parameters of the punched holes are calculated;
3) Numerical calculations are performed according to the formulas (2), (3), (4), and (5), and when the small hole diameter d =0.5mm and the sheet thickness t =0.5mm, it is calculated that the maximum sound absorption coefficient of the microperforated sheet at medium and low frequencies is maintained at 0.5 or more when the perforation rate is 5.5% or less.
Compared with the prior honeycomb plate, the honeycomb plate has the following advantages: the honeycomb plate can adjust the absorption peak value of the honeycomb plate for medium and low frequency noise according to the requirements of specific scenes so as to achieve the optimal noise reduction effect; the voltage is used as a control signal, so that more mechanical control elements can be reduced, and the light property of the honeycomb plate is maintained; the honeycomb plate can be mixed with a common honeycomb plate in a unit form, and the engineering manufacture is easy to realize; under the condition that one plate is multipurpose, the light weight characteristic of the cellular board is kept, and the cellular board has a very wide application prospect in aerospace.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a conventional circular honeycomb sandwich panel construction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a honeycomb sandwich structure with microperforations on the top surface;
fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the honeycomb core 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plane view showing the structure of the DE perforated film 3 according to the present invention when the perforations are arranged in a triangular pattern;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of the results of numerical simulation calculations according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view showing the arrangement of the perforations of the DE perforated film 3 according to the present invention in a square shape.
In the figure: 1. upper surface plate, 2 lower surface plate, 3.DE micro-perforated film, 4. Lead wire, 5. Voltage generation end, 6. Honeycomb core.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. See fig. 2-6.
In order to obtain better sound absorption characteristics of the honeycomb sandwich structure, the invention considers that the upper surface plate 1 is made into a micro-perforated plate as shown in figure 2.
A honeycomb core 6 is taken out from a honeycomb sandwich structure shown in FIG. 2, a DE micro-perforated film 3 shown in FIG. 5 is added in the honeycomb core 6, and because the DE micro-perforated film 3 installed in the honeycomb core has smaller size, and the extra acoustic impedance caused by the vibration of the film is not considered, the upper side and the lower side of the DE micro-perforated film 3 are respectively plated with a conducting electrode with certain thickness, and then the upper side and the lower side are connected with an external voltage generating end 5 by a lead wire 4. Wherein, the DE micro-perforated film 3 is fixed at the midpoint of the honeycomb core 6, the perforation rate is not too high or too low, and the pore diameter is not too large or too small. In order to achieve greater expansion of the DE microperforated film 3 after being energized, a pre-tensioned mounting of the DE microperforated film 3 is required during installation.
Example (b): the close-packed honeycomb structure of the cylindrical boundary is shown in figure 4 in the top view and in figure 3 in the side view. Wherein the honeycomb core 6 has the following dimensions: the inner diameter of the honeycomb core 6 is 5.7mm, the height is 60mm, and the thickness is 0.3mm; dimensions of the upper and lower surface plates 1, 2: the radius is 18mm, the thickness is 1mm, wherein the upper surface plate 1 is a micro-perforated plate perforated by micro-holes with the aperture of 0.5mm, and the perforation rate is 5 percent; the present embodiment adds the DE micro-perforated film 3 and the accompanying lead wires 4 and the external voltage generating terminal 5 only within a single honeycomb core 6 disposed at the center.
The size of the solution domain during simulation is as follows: the radius of the boundary is 18mm, the overall height of the boundary is 100mm, and the honeycomb sandwich structure is stably placed at the bottommost end of the solution domain.
Fig. 5 shows a DE microperforated film 3 with a fixed position in a honeycomb core 6 of the present invention, in a triangular arrangement (close-packed) perforation manner, in fig. 5, the perforation diameter d =0.5mm, the hole pitch B =2.5mm, the honeycomb core inner diameter R =5.7mm, the initial perforation ratio of the DE microperforated film 3 is 3.65%, and the number of perforations is 19.
A certain voltage U output by a voltage generating terminal 5 is applied on an external lead 4 of the DE micro-perforated film 3 1 Then, the perforation aperture of the DE micro-perforated film 3 is reduced to 0.45mm, and the perforation rate is reduced to 2.96 percent; when the output voltage is U 2 When the diameter of the DE micro-perforated film 3 is reduced to 0.4mm, the perforation rate is reduced to 2.34 percent; when the output voltage is U 3 In this case, the pore diameter of the DE microperforated film 3 was reduced to 0.35mm, and the perforation rate was reduced to 1.79%.
The sound absorption coefficient obtained by simulating the above embodiment by using numerical simulation software COMSOL is shown in fig. 6. When the DE micro-perforated film 3 is added to the central single honeycomb core 6, the sound absorption coefficient of the structure has an absorption peak at 950hz, the absorption peak is mainly from the sound absorption effect of the upper surface plate 1, and when the pore diameter and the perforation rate are simultaneously reduced, the absorption peak brought by the DE micro-perforated film 3 moves to a low frequency, so that the theoretical result is met. And, with the approach of the absorption peak brought by the micro-perforation of the upper surface plate 1 and the absorption peak of the DE micro-perforated film 3, the sound absorption performance of the structure in the frequency range between the two absorption peaks is also significantly improved.
Because the calculation only considers the maximum sound absorption coefficient, a model with a lower perforation rate is correspondingly selected in the actual design so as to enable the bandwidth to be wider when the sound absorption coefficient is 0.5, and the design is carried out according to the principle. Therefore, the invention can realize the adjustable sound absorption frequency of the honeycomb-micro-perforated composite plate structure, thereby effectively controlling the noise.
The arrangement form between the adjacent micropores in the invention has two forms of triangle arrangement (close arrangement) and square arrangement (open arrangement). The above example 1 adopts a perforation method in which the perforations are arranged in a triangular shape. The same usage rule of the perforation pattern with square arrangement as shown in fig. 7 is not repeated.
Claims (1)
1. The design method of the honeycomb-micro perforated plate composite structure comprises an upper surface plate, a lower surface plate and a honeycomb core clamped between the upper surface plate and the lower surface plate, and is characterized in that a DE micro perforated film is arranged in the honeycomb core, flexible electrodes are plated on the upper side and the lower side of the DE micro perforated film, and the DE micro perforated film is connected with an external voltage generation end through a lead; the design steps are as follows:
1) The upper surface plate uses a micro-perforated plate and a DE micro-perforated film to form a double-layer micro-perforated plate structure, and the theory of the double-layer micro-perforated plate obtained by the derivation of the Ma's theory is as follows:
in the above formulas, r i Relative acoustic resistance of the i-th microperforated panel, m i Relative acoustic mass, t, of the i-th layer of microperforated panels i Thickness of the i-th microperforated plate, d i Is the perforation diameter, p, of the i-th microperforated panel i Is the percentage of the perforated area of the i-th microperforated panel to the total panel area, D i Thickness of the cavity behind the i-th microperforated plate, k i Constant of the perforated plate of the ith micro-perforated plate, mu is the kinematic viscosity coefficient of air, rho is the air density, c is the sound velocity in the air at normal temperature, f 0 The sound frequency is omega, the sound circle frequency is omega, and alpha is the sound absorption coefficient of the double-layer micro-perforated plate; z is the total relative acoustic impedance of the double-layer microperforated panel; wherein the upper surface plate is a first layer of micro-perforated plate, and the DE micro-perforated film is a second layer of micro-perforated plate;
when Im (z) =0, i.e., when the following equation is satisfied, the two-layer micro-perforated panel sound absorber reaches resonance:
the sound absorption coefficient at resonance is:
from the above theoretical formula, it can be seen that when the perforation aperture d and the perforation rate p are decreased, the relative acoustic resistance r and the relative acoustic mass m are increased, and the resonance frequency f is increased 0 Reduced, maximum sound absorptionCoefficient alpha 0 Increase, i.e. the absorption peak frequency moves towards low frequencies;
2) The perforation rate obtained by the calculation formula of the perforation rate when the micropores are arranged in a triangular shape is as follows:
in the formula, B is the hole spacing, and the specific distribution position parameters of the through holes can be obtained through calculation;
3) Numerical calculations are performed according to the formulas (2), (3), (4), and (5), and when the small hole diameter d =0.5mm and the plate thickness t =0.5mm, it is calculated that the maximum sound absorption coefficient of the microperforated panel at medium and low frequencies is maintained at 0.5 or more when the perforation ratio is 5.5% or less.
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| CN110427731B (en) * | 2019-09-05 | 2024-06-25 | 南昌航空大学 | Honeycomb structure with adjustable sound absorption performance and design method thereof |
| CN112365872B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2024-05-28 | 国网北京市电力公司 | Noise reduction regulation method, device and system and processor |
| CN112687252B (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2024-10-11 | 浙江大学 | Device for regulating and controlling low-frequency sound insulation performance of sandwich plate structure and parameter determination method thereof |
| CN112699574A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-23 | 南昌航空大学 | Adjustable dielectric elastomer sandwich honeycomb-micro perforated plate structure and design method |
| IT202100002015A1 (en) * | 2021-02-01 | 2021-05-01 | Aprea Vincenzo | OPTIMIZED SOUND-INSULATION DEVICE |
| CN114044013B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2023-08-15 | 中车南京浦镇车辆有限公司 | Local resonance system and damping and noise reduction vehicle body profile plate |
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| EP2542401A2 (en) * | 2010-03-02 | 2013-01-09 | GKN Aerospace Services Limited | Seamless acoustic liner |
| CN104835489A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-08-12 | 西安交通大学 | Lightweight intelligent sound insulation system for low frequency time-varying noise source, and work method thereof |
| WO2018192484A1 (en) * | 2017-04-18 | 2018-10-25 | 黄礼范 | Acoustic material structure and method for assembling same and acoustic radiation structure |
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