CN115881073A - Sandwich micropunch plate sound absorption structure based on triple-period minimum curved surface - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a sandwich micro-perforated plate sound absorption structure based on a triple-period minimum curved surface, which comprises: the sandwich layer comprises a plurality of triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces arrayed in the XY direction; the sandwich layers are arrayed in the Z direction, a micro-perforated plate is arranged between every two adjacent sandwich layers, and a plurality of micropores are formed in the micro-perforated plate; the inner cavities of the three-period extremely-small curved surface are connected in the XY direction and communicated in the Z direction through the micropores to form an inner cavity series system; the outer cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are connected in the XY direction and communicated in the Z direction through micropores to form an outer cavity series system. The invention effectively increases the number of sound absorption peak values through the mutual entangled and surrounded parallel structure between the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system, thereby achieving the effects of medium, low and wide frequency sound absorption. Meanwhile, the space utilization rate is high, and the structure weight is effectively reduced; and the structure volume is changed along with the use requirement, so that the method has strong compatibility.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sound absorption structures, in particular to a sandwich micro-perforated plate sound absorption structure based on a triple-period minimum curved surface.
Background
Along with the rapid development of high-speed trains and aerospace technologies, the travel speed of people is increased, but serious noise pollution is brought, particularly, the noise of medium and low frequencies seriously influences the physical and mental health of passengers and the service life of precision instruments, and the sound absorption structure can reduce reflection by absorbing sound waves to achieve the effect of noise reduction. The traditional sound absorption mode is porous material sound absorption, resonance sound absorption, sound absorption wedges and the like. Wherein the porous material is difficult to absorb low frequency sound waves; the resonance sound absorption structure can realize low-frequency sound absorption, but the sound absorption frequency band is too narrow to realize broadband sound absorption; the sound absorption wedge structure is too large in size, so that the sound absorption wedge is not beneficial to engineering application, and the structures/materials cannot meet the mechanical property requirement of the current structure.
The sandwich structure has the advantages of good specific strength, specific rigidity and the like, compared with the traditional sandwich structure, the sandwich structure with the triple-period extremely-small curved surface has the characteristics of open inside and through space, the surface of the extremely-small curved surface is very smooth, and sharp turns or connection points of a lattice structure do not exist, so that the requirements in practical engineering can be better met. However, the triple-period extremely-small curved sandwich structure does not have the characteristics of the sound absorption mode, cannot realize sound absorption and noise reduction independently, and needs to be additionally designed.
For example, CN 112699561A-an oil-filled triple-period minimum curved surface sound insulation structure and a preparation method thereof, viscous oil is injected into a triple-period minimum curved surface sandwich structure, and a sound insulation effect is realized in a solid-liquid coupling sound insulation mode; however, the viscous oil injection mode makes the whole structure extremely heavy, so that the volume/thickness of the sound insulation structure cannot be too high in practical application, otherwise, the material strength is not enough to support the weight of the oil, and the sound insulation structure is easy to collapse; and extremely high sealing performance is required to prevent oil leakage, so that the manufacturing cost is high.
CN 109147749A-a high sound absorption rate communicating multi-cavity resonance type sound absorption covering layer discloses a sound absorption structure composed of a plurality of cavities arrayed in the Z direction of the elastic damping layer containing air cavities, which can be stacked many times in the structure volume/thickness compared with the prior art; however, the cavity structures are arrayed in only one direction, so that the space utilization rate is low, and the characteristics of open inside and through space like a triple-period extremely-small curved sandwich structure cannot be achieved.
In summary, the traditional sound absorption structure in the prior art has a low space utilization rate for materials, and the triple-period minimum curved sound absorption structure has a through space and a high space utilization rate, but the materials are heavy due to the matching of viscous oil, the volume is limited, the materials cannot be stacked, and the manufacturing and processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sandwich micro-perforated plate sound absorption structure based on triple-period minimum curved surfaces, which can ensure that the sandwich sound absorption structure with triple-period minimum curved surfaces is lighter in weight, and sandwich can be combined and stacked according to actual needs, so that the sandwich sound absorption structure is convenient to process and manufacture;
the invention provides a sandwich micro-perforated plate sound absorption structure based on a triple-period minimum curved surface, which comprises: the sandwich layer comprises a plurality of triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces arrayed in the XY direction; the sandwich layers are arrayed in the Z direction, a micro-perforated plate is arranged between every two adjacent sandwich layers, and a plurality of micropores are formed in the micro-perforated plate; the inner cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are connected in the XY direction and communicated through the micropores in the Z direction to form an inner cavity series system; the outer cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are connected in the XY direction and communicated through the micropores in the Z direction to form an outer cavity series system.
Furthermore, the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system are not communicated in the same sandwich layer to form an inner cavity and outer cavity parallel system.
Furthermore, the sandwich panel also comprises a panel which is arranged outside the outermost sandwich layer and seals the triple-period extremely-small curved surface.
Furthermore, the panel is arranged outside the sandwich layer on one outermost layer, and the micro-perforated plate is arranged outside the sandwich layer on the other opposite outermost layer.
Furthermore, the triple period minimum curved surface is obtained by thickening a P-type minimum curved surface unit cell.
Further, the mathematical formula of the triple period minimum curved surface is as follows:
in the formula, T is a periodic constant, and C is a minimum curved surface constant.
Further, the relative specific acoustic impedance of the n-th layer of microperforated panels is:
where t is the thickness of the microperforated plate, d is the diameter of the microperforation, η is the viscosity coefficient in air, ω is the circular frequency, ψ is the ratio of the area of the perforation to the area of the plate, n Sarea The number of the holes on the micro-perforated plate is S area The equivalent area of the micro-perforated plate, V the volume of the cavity, T the minimum curved surface period constant, k the constant of the perforated plate, and rho 0 Is the density of air, c 0 Is the sound propagation speed.
Further, the relative specific acoustic impedance of the sound absorbing structure:
in the formula:
i＝1、2
Z ti is the equivalent impedance of the n-layer microperforated plate structure, i represents an inner chamber series system and an outer chamber series system, 1 represents an inner chamber series system, 2 represents an outer chamber series system, Z eq2i The equivalent impedance of the structure composed of the 2 nd layer plate, 3-n layers of micro-perforated plates and the cavity is shown, and the process is analogized by the formula Z eq(n-1)i Is the equivalent impedance of the structure formed by the n-1 th micro-perforated plate and the n-th cavity.
Further, the sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorption structure is as follows:
the technical scheme of the invention is that a plurality of triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are arrayed in XYZ directions, inner cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are communicated with each other and are communicated with each other through a micro-perforated plate to form an inner cavity series system, and outer cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are communicated with each other and are communicated with each other through the micro-perforated plate to form an outer cavity series system. The inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system form a parallel structure which is entangled and surrounded with each other but is not communicated with each other in the sound absorption structure. When passing through the sound absorption structure, the sound waves pass through the inner cavity series system, the outer cavity series system and the extremely small curved surface between the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system in a surrounding manner, and the sound waves are attenuated continuously between gas-solid media to achieve a sufficient sound absorption effect. Meanwhile, the space utilization rate is high, the structure weight can be effectively reduced, and the sound absorption structure is a light sound absorption structure with excellent performance; and the size of the structure volume is allowed to change along with the use requirement, so that the structure is convenient to process and manufacture and has strong compatibility.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a single triple-period minimum curve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the inner and outer cavities of a infinitesimal surface unit cell of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a microperforated panel in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of sound absorption coefficient for the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a Z-array of triple-period minimum-curvature inner and outer cavities according to the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1-triple cycle minimum curved surface, 2-sandwich layer, 3-micro perforated plate, 301-micro hole, 4-panel, 5-inner cavity and 6-outer cavity;
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations and positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or to implicitly indicate the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise. Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in a specific case to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a sandwich micro-perforated panel sound absorption structure based on a triple-period extremely-small curved surface, comprising: the sandwich layer 2 comprises a plurality of triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces 1 arrayed in the XY direction; the sandwich layers 2 are arrayed in the Z direction, a micro-perforated plate 3 is arranged between every two adjacent sandwich layers 2, and a plurality of micropores 301 are formed in the micro-perforated plate 3; the inner cavities 5 of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces 1 are connected in the XY direction and communicated in the Z direction through the micropores 301 to form an inner cavity series system; the outer cavities 6 of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces 1 are connected in the XY direction and communicated through the micropores 301 in the Z direction to form an outer cavity series system.
Specifically, in this embodiment 1, in the overall structure of the material, the plurality of triple-period minimum curved surfaces 1 form the sandwich layers 2 in an array in the XY plane, so the array number in the XY direction determines the area size of the material, and the plurality of sandwich layers 2 are in an array in the z direction, so the array number in the z direction determines the thickness of the material. According to actual use requirements, the number of XYZ directional unit arrays is increased, the thickness of the micro-perforated plate 3, the number of the micro-holes 301 and the diameter are adjusted to control the sound absorption range, and a proper material volume is designed; because the absorbent structure does not contain fillers such as oil and the like, the weight is only equal to the weight of the material in the prior art, and the weight can be basically and infinitely superposed according to the use requirement, so that the compatibility and the applicability of the absorbent structure are greatly improved.
The inner space surrounded by the triple-period minimum curved surface 1 is called an inner cavity 5, the outer space surrounded between the inner cavity 5 and the micro-perforated plate 3 is called an outer cavity 6, and the inner cavity 5 and the outer cavity 6 are separated by the triple-period minimum curved surface 1. In order to maintain the absorption effect, the micro-perforated plate 3 is used in the embodiment to connect the triple period minimum curved surfaces 1 of the Z-direction array, so that the inner cavities of all the triple period minimum curved surfaces 1 are connected in series to form an integral inner cavity series system. The cavity series system is formed by connecting each basic array unit (a tiny curved cavity) in an array in the XY direction and spacing the array in the Z direction (through micropores); this external cavity series system is composed of an array of basic array units (extremely small curved external cavities) connected in the XY direction and spaced in the Z direction (through micro-holes). The curved surface structure of the extremely small curved surface and the inner/outer cavity series system are utilized, so that the material can have a sufficient sound absorption function.
The inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system form a parallel structure which is entangled and surrounded with each other but is not communicated with each other in the sound absorption structure. When passing through the sound absorption structure, sound waves need to continuously pass through the plurality of inner cavities 5, the plurality of outer cavities 6 and the triple period minimum curved surface 1 between the inner cavities and the outer cavities in the XYZ direction, and the sound absorption effect is achieved by continuously attenuating the sound waves between gas-solid media.
The aperture diameter of the micro-perforated plate 3 is less than 1mm, and the aperture position can be selected according to actual requirements.
Example 2
This embodiment 2 describes a technical solution for improving the sound absorption effect.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4 and 6, the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system are not communicated in the same core layer 2. The sandwich panel structure further comprises a panel 4 which is arranged outside the outermost sandwich layer 2 and seals an outer hole of the triple-period extremely-small curved surface 4. A face plate is arranged outside one outermost sandwich layer 2, and a microperforated plate 3 is arranged outside the other opposite outermost sandwich layer 2.
Specifically, in the sound absorption structure, one surface of the outermost side of the material is provided with the panel 4, all holes of the triple-period minimum curved surface 1 of the surface are closed, and the other surface of the material is provided with the micropore 301 plate, so that the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system are connected in series through the micropore 301 on the micropore 301 plate, and the whole sound absorption structure is an integral sound absorption cavity.
Therefore, in the sound absorption structure, the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system are connected in parallel inside the sound absorption structure and are connected in series outside the sound absorption structure.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, in each sandwich layer, there are two absorption peaks corresponding to the inner cavity series system and the outer cavity series system, respectively, and when one sandwich layer is added, two absorption peaks (the sound wave is attenuated after passing through the previous sandwich layer) are increased, and by increasing the number of sandwich layers, the number of sound absorption peak values of the system is increased, and when the number of sound absorption peak values is increased, the effective sound absorption frequency is correspondingly increased, thereby achieving the broadband sound absorption effect. According to theoretical calculation, the sound absorption structure is effective in sound absorption effects of middle, low frequency and wide frequency.
Example 3
In this embodiment 3, the description will be made mainly of the triple-period extremely small curved surface 1.
As shown in fig. 2, the triple-period minimum surface 1 is thickened from a P-type minimum surface unit. Mathematical formula of the triple period minimum curved surface 1:
in the formula, T is a periodic constant, and C is a minimum surface constant.
Specifically, the triple-period minimum curved surface 1 adopted by the sound absorption structure is obtained by thickening a P-type minimum curved surface unit cell, and the P-type minimum curved surface (schwarzprime (P)) is a known minimum curved surface form, and the specific structure is not described again. Four openings are formed in the periphery of the side face, one opening is formed in each of the upper portion and the lower portion, the sandwich layer 2 of the sound absorption structure is formed by arraying the triple-period minimum curved surfaces 1 in the XY direction, and the side face opposite openings of the adjacent triple-period minimum curved surfaces 1 are connected. The array in the z direction is formed by connecting the upper and lower ports through the micropores 301, and all array units are communicated to form an inner cavity series system.
Example 4
As shown in fig. 5, this embodiment 4 takes three layers arrayed in the z direction as an example to explain the sound absorption effect of the sound absorption structure.
Relative specific acoustic impedance of the microperforated panel 3:
where t is the thickness of the microperforated plate, d is the diameter of the microperforation, η is the viscosity coefficient in air, ω is the circular frequency, ψ is the ratio of the area of the perforation to the area of the plate, n Sarea The number of the holes on the micro-perforated plate is S area The equivalent area of the micro-perforated plate, V the volume of the cavity, T the minimum curved surface period constant, k the constant of the perforated plate, and rho 0 Is the density of air, c 0 Is the speed of sound propagation.
Relative specific acoustic impedance of the sound absorbing structure:
in the formula:
and &>
The ratio of the equivalent area of the inner cavity 5 and the outer cavity 6 corresponding to the micro-perforated plate 3 to the total sectional area is adopted;
i＝1、2
Z ti is the equivalent impedance of the n-layer microperforated plate structure, i represents an inner chamber series system and an outer chamber series system, 1 represents an inner chamber series system, 2 represents an outer chamber series system, Z eq2i The equivalent impedance of the structure consisting of the 2 nd layer plate, 3-n layers of micro-perforated plates and the cavity is shown, and so on, Z eq(n-1)i Is the equivalent impedance of the structure formed by the n-1 th micro-perforated plate and the n-th cavity.
Sound absorption coefficient of the sound absorbing structure:
the principle of the sound absorption structure is as follows:
each layer of the minimal curved surface unit cell divides a cavity between the two micro-perforated plates 3 into two cavities, namely an inner cavity 5 and an outer cavity 6, wherein the total number of the cavities is 2n in the light sandwich micro-perforated sound absorption structure with the minimal curved surface 1 with triple cycles, and n is the number of basic units of the array in the z direction. Through microperforated panel 3 in the outside, inner chamber and exocoel constitute inner chamber series system and exocoel series system with microperforated panel respectively, connect in parallel each other in the sound absorbing structure is inside between these two series systems, constitute a series-parallel coupling's sound absorbing system, through increasing the quantity of sandwich layer, increased the sound absorption peak number of system, after sound absorption peak number increases, effective sound absorption frequency correspondingly broadens to reach well, low frequency and wide band sound absorption effect.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and these modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a press from both sides core micropunch plate sound absorbing structure based on minimum curved surface of triplet cycle which characterized in that includes:
the sandwich layer comprises a plurality of triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces arrayed in the XY direction;
the sandwich layers are arrayed in the Z direction, a micro-perforated plate is arranged between every two adjacent sandwich layers, and a plurality of micropores are formed in the micro-perforated plate;
the inner cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are connected in the XY direction and communicated through the micropores in the Z direction to form an inner cavity series system;
the outer cavities of the triple-period extremely-small curved surfaces are connected in the XY direction and communicated through the micropores in the Z direction to form an outer cavity series system.
2. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on a triple cycle minimal curved surface as set forth in claim 1, wherein said inner cavity series system and said outer cavity series system are not communicated in the same sandwich layer to constitute an inner and outer cavity parallel system.
3. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on triple cycle minimal curves as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a panel disposed outside the outermost sandwich layer and enclosing the triple cycle minimal curves.
4. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on a triplet period minimum curvature as claimed in claim 3 wherein one outermost layer is provided with said facing sheet outside said core layer and the opposite outermost layer is provided with said microperforated panel outside said core layer.
5. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on a triple cycle minimal curved surface of claim 4 wherein said triple cycle minimal curved surface is thickened from P-type minimal curved surface unit cells.
6. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on triple cycle minimal curves as claimed in claim 5, characterized by the mathematical formula for the triple cycle minimal curves:
in the formula, T is a periodic constant, and C is a minimum curved surface constant.
7. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on triple cycle minimal curved surfaces as claimed in claim 6, wherein the relative specific acoustic impedance of the n-th layer of microperforated panels is:
where t is the thickness of the microperforated plate, d is the diameter of the microperforations, η is the viscosity coefficient in air, ω is the circular frequency, ψ is the ratio of the area of the perforations to the area of the plate, n Sarea The number of the holes on the micro-perforated plate is S area The equivalent area of the micro-perforated plate, V the volume of the cavity, T the minimum curved surface period constant, k the constant of the perforated plate, and rho 0 Is the density of air, c 0 Is the speed of sound propagation.
8. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on a triplet period minimum curvature as claimed in claim 7 wherein the relative specific acoustic impedance of the sound absorbing structure is:
in the formula:
Z ti is the equivalent impedance of the n-layer microperforated plate structure, i represents an inner chamber series system and an outer chamber series system, 1 represents an inner chamber series system, 2 represents an outer chamber series system, Z eq2i The equivalent impedance of the structure composed of the 2 nd layer plate, 3-n layers of micro-perforated plates and the cavity is shown, and the process is analogized by the formula Z eq(n-1)i Is the equivalent impedance of the structure formed by the n-1 th micro-perforated plate and the cavity.
9. The sandwich microperforated panel sound absorbing structure based on triple cycle minimal curved surfaces as set forth in claim 8, wherein the sound absorbing coefficient of the sound absorbing structure is:
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| CN118225225A (en) * | 2024-05-24 | 2024-06-21 | 山东科技大学 | Underwater low-frequency sound long-term monitoring system and method based on acoustic metamaterial |
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