CN110080173B - Reverse filtering structure of panel dam - Google Patents
Reverse filtering structure of panel dam Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110080173B CN110080173B CN201910403190.4A CN201910403190A CN110080173B CN 110080173 B CN110080173 B CN 110080173B CN 201910403190 A CN201910403190 A CN 201910403190A CN 110080173 B CN110080173 B CN 110080173B
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- Prior art keywords
- reverse
- dam
- reverse filtering
- net
- filtering structure
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D36/00—Filter circuits or combinations of filters with other separating devices
- B01D36/02—Combinations of filters of different kinds
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B7/00—Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
- E02B7/02—Fixed barrages
- E02B7/04—Dams across valleys
- E02B7/06—Earth-fill dams; Rock-fill dams
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B8/00—Details of barrages or weirs ; Energy dissipating devices carried by lock or dry-dock gates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to a face rockfill dam engineering, and particularly relates to a face rockfill dam reverse filtering structure. A panel dam reverse filtering structure comprises a reverse filtering structure layer which is singly or in combination arranged in a cushion material, at the bottom of a transition material and between the cushion material and the transition material; the reverse filtering structure layer comprises at least one layer of reverse filtering net or a reverse filtering net and a reinforced net; the reverse filter screen is in compound connection with the reinforced net. According to the invention, the reverse filtering structure layer is additionally arranged in the dam body structure of the face plate dam, so that the loss of fine particles of the cushion material is prevented or reduced, the impermeability of the cushion material of the face plate dam is improved, and the seepage safety of the face plate dam is improved. The invention has simple structure, less investment and good effect of improving seepage safety of the face plate dam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a face rockfill dam engineering, and particularly relates to a face rockfill dam reverse filtering structure.
Background
The concrete face rockfill dam is divided into main dam body structures from upstream to downstream: concrete panels and structural joints for water stopping, cushion materials, transition materials, rock-fill bodies and downstream slope protection. The concrete face rockfill dam has the advantages of small dam body section, convenient construction, short construction period, simple flow guide, low manufacturing cost and the like, and is widely applied to hydraulic engineering. The common damage to concrete faced rockfill dams is dam leakage due to construction quality, design quality and the like. The concrete face plate dam engineering case of the dangerous case of seepage appears at home and abroad is analyzed comprehensively, the main disease characteristic of the dam structure is: the concrete panel is cracked, deformed and collapsed, extruded and damaged, the structural joint is in water stopping failure, and the cushion material is loose and fine particles are lost.
The main reasons for the leakage danger of the concrete face rockfill dam body are as follows: the concrete panel and the water stop are main structures for forming the seepage prevention of the dam body, and the concrete panel and the water stop structure have defects to cause seepage, and seepage water flows take away fine particles of the cushion material; the loss and the looseness of the fine particles of the cushion material are aggravated, the uneven sedimentation, the cracking, the extrusion damage and the water stopping failure of the concrete panel are aggravated, the leakage flow is increased, the loss and the looseness of the fine particles of the cushion material are further aggravated, the vicious circle is formed, the water leakage quantity of the dam is increased, and the danger is caused.
According to the concrete face rockfill dam design Specification (SL 228-2013), the particle content of the bedding material particles smaller than 5mm is preferably 35-55%, and the fine particle content is higher; the transition material is positioned at the downstream of the cushion material and plays a role in reverse filtration protection of the cushion material. The transition material is required to have continuous grading, the maximum grain diameter is not more than 300mm, and the mined rock-fill material is generally used as the transition material. In actual engineering, the transition material is non-uniform, the quality control difficulty is high, and the reverse filtering effect on the fine particles of the cushion material is difficult to ensure; in addition, once the panel is broken or the water is stopped, the permeability ratio of the bedding area is large, fine grains of the bedding material are easily taken away by water flow, so that the bedding material is loose and sunk, the settlement deformation of the dam panel is aggravated, the panel is cracked, and the seepage amount of the dam is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a back filtering structure of a panel dam. According to the invention, the reverse filtering structure layer is additionally arranged in the dam body structure of the face plate dam, so that the loss of fine particles of the cushion material is prevented or reduced, the impermeability of the cushion material of the face plate dam is improved, and the seepage safety of the face plate dam is improved.
A panel dam reverse filtering structure comprises a reverse filtering structure layer which is singly or in combination arranged in a cushion material, at the bottom of a transition material and between the cushion material and the transition material; the reverse filtering structure layer comprises at least one layer of reverse filtering net or a reverse filtering net and a reinforced net; the reverse filter screen is in compound connection with the reinforced net.
Further, the reverse filtering structure layer is fixed in the dam body through fixing pieces, and the fixing pieces are preferably anchors.
Further, the vertical permeability coefficient of the reverse filtration structure layer is greater than 1.0x10 -3 cm/s。
Further, when the reverse filtering structure layer is provided with a plurality of layers of reinforced nets and reverse filtering nets, the reinforced nets and the reverse filtering nets are alternately arranged.
The invention also provides a panel dam which comprises a reverse filtering structure layer, wherein the reverse filtering structure layer is the reverse filtering structure layer.
According to the invention, the reverse filtering structure layer is additionally arranged in the dam body structure of the face plate dam, so that the loss of fine particles of the cushion material is prevented or reduced, the impermeability of the cushion material of the face plate dam is improved, and the seepage safety of the face plate dam is improved. The invention has simple structure, less investment and good effect of improving seepage safety of the face plate dam.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a face dam.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reverse filtration layer according to the present invention.
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a reverse screen bulk.
Fig. 3b is a schematic diagram of a reinforcement net bulk.
Wherein: 1-concrete panels; 2-bedding materials; 3-a reverse filtration structure layer; 3.1-a counter-screen; 3.2-a ribbed net; 3.3-anchoring; 4-transition material; 5-main pile stones; 6-downstream stacking of rock material; 7-downstream slope protection; 8-curtain grouting.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical scheme of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3b, the concrete face dam with the additional reverse filtering structure layer mainly comprises: the concrete panel 1, the bedding material 2, the reverse filtering structure layer 3, the transition material 4, the main stone stacking material 5 and the downstream stone stacking material 6. The reverse filtering structure layer 3 can be arranged in one layer or a plurality of layers in the cushion material 2 alone, or is arranged at the interface between the cushion material 2 and the transition material 4, or is arranged at the interface between the transition material 4 and the dam body main rockfill material 5, and can be also arranged at two or more positions at the same time; the reverse filtering structure layer 3 comprises at least one layer of reverse filtering net 3.1 or a reverse filtering net 3.1 and a reinforced net 3.2; the counter filter screen 3.1 is in compound connection with the reinforced net 3.2.
As shown in fig. 1, a reverse filtering structure layer 3 is arranged between the cushion material 2 and the transition material 4, and when the concrete panel 1 is cracked, broken or water-stopping partially fails, the reverse filtering structure layer plays a role in reverse filtering protection on the fine particles of the upstream cushion material 2, so that the loss of the fine particles of the cushion material 2, the loosening of the cushion layer and the sinking deformation of the concrete panel 1 are prevented.
As shown in fig. 2, the counter-filtering structure layer 3 is generally composed of a counter-filtering net 3.1, a reinforced net 3.2 and an anchor bolt 3.3, and the counter-filtering net 3.1 can be only used in special cases.
As shown in FIG. 3a, the counter-screen 3.1 is a main structure for counter-filtering fine particles of the dam cushion material, and the material can be softThe layers of the mesh sheet can be one or more layers of the earth work net (cloth), the wire mesh or other flexible material net. The vertical permeability coefficient of the reverse filter screen 3.1 is larger than 1.0x10 -3 cm/s, the mesh shape is not limited, and the equivalent aperture is smaller than 0.2-0.5 mm. The pore diameter of the reverse filter screen can be adjusted according to specific engineering requirements so as to meet the reverse filter requirement of the cushion material.
The counter screen 3.1 is required to have good softness, uniformity, water permeability and durability (corrosion resistance), high strength and high elongation at break. When the counter-filter screen is made of a wire mesh, the counter-filter screen can be generally made of steel wires, lead wires or other metal wires, and is subjected to necessary anti-corrosion treatment. When the leakage water flows downstream through the cushion material 2, the water flow smoothly passes through the reverse filter screen 3.1 by utilizing the good water permeability, so that fine particles such as fine sand, small broken stone and the like carried by the water flow are effectively blocked, and the cushion material 2 is kept stable. Meanwhile, as the fine particles gather near the counter filter screen 3.1, the permeability coefficient of the counter filter screen 3.1 is reduced, and the auxiliary seepage-proofing body of the dam body is naturally formed, so that the seepage quantity of the dam body can be reduced, and the seepage safety of the face plate dam is facilitated.
As shown in fig. 3b, the reinforced net 3.2 may be a metal wire net or other high-strength material net, the reinforced net 3.2 and the counter filter net 3.1 form a composite structure, so as to improve the strength and friction coefficient of the counter filter layer structure and protect the counter filter net 3.1. One or two layers of the stiffening net 3.2 may be arranged. When two layers of reinforced nets 3.2 are arranged, the counter filter screen 3.1 is positioned in the middle, and one layer of reinforced net 3.2 is respectively arranged on the upper and downstream sides of the counter filter screen 3.1.
The reinforcing mesh 3.2 is required to have good softness, uniformity, water permeability and durability (corrosion resistance), high strength and high elongation at break. When the reinforcement net is made of a wire mesh, the reinforcement net can be made of steel wires, lead wires or other metal wires, and is subjected to necessary anti-corrosion treatment. The shape of the mesh is not limited, the effective aperture is 1-5 cm, and the free drainage performance is achieved. The aperture of the reinforcement net can be adjusted according to specific engineering requirements.
The anchor 3.3 is an L-shaped (or other shape) anchoring structure made of steel or other metal materials, and the reverse filtering structure layer is fixed in the dam body by the anchor. The anchor nails are arranged in a quincuncial manner, the diameter of the anchor nails is 8-12 mm, the length of the anchor nails is 15-25 cm, the spacing distance is 1.5-3.0 m, and the diameter, the length and the spacing of the anchor nails can be adjusted according to engineering requirements.
The invention is suitable for the new concrete face rockfill dam engineering and the concrete face rockfill dam reinforcement and reconstruction engineering.
What is not described in detail in this specification is prior art known to those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. A panel dam reverse filtration structure which is characterized in that: comprises a reverse filtering structure layer (3) which is arranged in the cushion material (2), at the bottom of the transition material (4) and between the cushion material (2) and the transition material (4) singly or in combination; the reverse filtering structure layer (3) comprises at least one layer of reverse filtering net (3.1) or a reverse filtering net (3.1) and a reinforced net (3.2); the reverse filter screen (3.1) is in composite connection with the reinforced net (3.2);
the reverse filtering structure layer (3) is fixed in the dam body through a fixing piece, and the fixing piece is an anchor (3.3);
the vertical permeability coefficient of the reverse filtration structure layer (3) is more than 1.0x10 -3 cm/s；
When the reverse filtering structure layer (3) is provided with a plurality of layers of reinforced nets (3.2) and reverse filtering nets (3.1), the reinforced nets (3.2) and the reverse filtering nets (3.1) are alternately arranged.
2. A panel dam comprising a reverse filtration structural layer, characterized in that: the reverse-filtering structure layer is the reverse-filtering structure layer of any one of claim 1.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403190.4A CN110080173B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Reverse filtering structure of panel dam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403190.4A CN110080173B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Reverse filtering structure of panel dam |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110080173A CN110080173A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
| CN110080173B true CN110080173B (en) | 2024-04-12 |
Family
ID=67420228
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910403190.4A Active CN110080173B (en) | 2019-05-15 | 2019-05-15 | Reverse filtering structure of panel dam |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110080173B (en) |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433814A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Permafrost region expressway flaky and blocky stone ventilation roadbed and construction method thereof |
| CN103015377A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-03 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Separation-type toe board structure of riverbed of faceplate dam on covering layer |
| CN103696397A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 北京轩昂环保科技股份有限公司 | Anti-seepage treatment method for artificial dam |
| CN104110012A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-22 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Low-permeability rock-fill material concrete panel rock-fill dam |
| CN206289676U (en) * | 2016-12-17 | 2017-06-30 | 西京学院 | A kind of tailings reservoir preliminary dam anti-filter Rotating fields |
| CN210658251U (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-06-02 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Reverse filtering structure of panel dam |
-
2019
- 2019-05-15 CN CN201910403190.4A patent/CN110080173B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102433814A (en) * | 2011-12-29 | 2012-05-02 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Permafrost region expressway flaky and blocky stone ventilation roadbed and construction method thereof |
| CN103015377A (en) * | 2013-01-15 | 2013-04-03 | 中国水电顾问集团西北勘测设计研究院 | Separation-type toe board structure of riverbed of faceplate dam on covering layer |
| CN103696397A (en) * | 2013-12-27 | 2014-04-02 | 北京轩昂环保科技股份有限公司 | Anti-seepage treatment method for artificial dam |
| CN104110012A (en) * | 2014-07-28 | 2014-10-22 | 中国电建集团西北勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Low-permeability rock-fill material concrete panel rock-fill dam |
| CN206289676U (en) * | 2016-12-17 | 2017-06-30 | 西京学院 | A kind of tailings reservoir preliminary dam anti-filter Rotating fields |
| CN210658251U (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2020-06-02 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Reverse filtering structure of panel dam |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| CN110080173A (en) | 2019-08-02 |
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