CN110066202A - Reduce the foliage spraying agent and method of Cd concentration of brown rice - Google Patents

Reduce the foliage spraying agent and method of Cd concentration of brown rice Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110066202A
CN110066202A CN201910447422.6A CN201910447422A CN110066202A CN 110066202 A CN110066202 A CN 110066202A CN 201910447422 A CN201910447422 A CN 201910447422A CN 110066202 A CN110066202 A CN 110066202A
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China
Prior art keywords
rice
concentration
spraying agent
sodium selenite
foliage spraying
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CN201910447422.6A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
保琼莉
黄益宗
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Environmental Protection Research And Monitoring Institute Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas
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Environmental Protection Research And Monitoring Institute Of Ministry Of Agriculture And Rural Areas
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Priority to CN201910447422.6A priority Critical patent/CN110066202A/en
Publication of CN110066202A publication Critical patent/CN110066202A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
    • C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of foliage spraying agent and method for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice of the present invention, penetration enhancer is glued by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer to form, penetration enhancer is glued by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer to form, the concentration of sodium selenite is 0.05~0.1g/L, the volume ratio that the medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.3%~0.5%, it mixes to obtain the final product, is respectively sprayed once in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and Early filling stage.The foliage spraying agent that the present invention reduces Cd concentration of brown rice is sprayed using selenium fertilizer collocation surfactant, so that the Cd content of rice absorbing is decreased obviously, significantly reduce the cadmium content of rice, compared with blank control, the foliage spraying agent provided by the invention for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice significantly reduces the Cd content in rice grain, wherein sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer glue the reduction amplitude maximum of rice Cd content in the processing that penetration enhancer cooperation sprays, up to 51%；The foliage spraying agent that the present invention reduces Cd concentration of brown rice is at low cost, easy to use.

Description

Reduce the foliage spraying agent and method of Cd concentration of brown rice
Technical field
The present invention relates to agricultural product Heavy Metal Pollution technical fields, and in particular to a kind of leaf for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice Face spray and method.
Background technique
With the fast development of Chinese society economy, the pollutant that industrial and agricultural production activity is discharged into environment sharply increases Add, heavy metal contaminants therein are easy to accumulate in the soil, to cause serious soil due to that can not degrade in the environment Heavy metal pollution.Cadmium (Cd) is active high, easy to migrate compared with other heavy metals, the spy easily in biology and people's cylinder accumulation Point, while rice is easier to absorb and accumulate cadmium for other crops, in recent years, occurs in the extensive growing area of rice The report of Cd pollution largely occurs, and such as Yangtze River Delta, the Delta of the Pearl River and Jiangxi and Guangdong etc., rice is that China is most important One of cereal crops, play a very important role in agricultural production, Cd contaminated soil causes rice safety in production hidden Suffer from, become the greateset risk of food safety and human health, agricultural land soil Cd, which pollutes, and its caused rice Cd is exceeded causes The great attention of governments at all levels and researchers.
Currently, the method for agriculturally reducing cadmium content in rice is broadly divided into following a few classes:
(1) application passivator reduces Cadmium in Soil available state；
(2) Cadmium in Soil total amount is reduced using hyperaccumulative plant；
(3) spraying blade face resistance control agent reduces accumulation of the cadmium in rice grain；
(4) soil moved in improve the original, the agronomic measures such as plough deeply, take turns/make and reduce arable layer cadmium total amount and validity etc..
The disadvantages of these methods are faced with high input cost, change peasant planting habit, the period is long.Therefore, one is developed Simple and easy, at low cost, the effective method for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice of kind has China's grain security and Environmental security Very important meaning.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide a kind of foliage spraying agents and method for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice, pass through Selenium fertilizer joint surfactant is carried out in the rice field of Cd pollution and carries out foliage-spray, under the Cd content for absorbing rice strain is obvious Drop, and then significantly reduce the enrichment of Cd in rice.
Inventor has found by long-term experimental study, in rice growth period appropriate, foliage-spray selenium (Se) fertilizer energy The Cd content in the rice of heavy metal pollution farmland is effectively reduced, and the fertile dosage of Se will affect the effect for reducing rice Cd content Fruit applies the formation that Se can be obviously promoted crops antioxidant in right amount, increases it to the degeneration-resistant of the harmful substances such as heavy metal Property, and reduce the absorption to heavy metal element；Selenium and cadmium all can occur part with the hydroxyl of cysteine in certain protein and tie It closes, the supply of external source selenium can be such that the substrate glutathione content of the intracorporal glutathione peroxidase of rice strain (GSH-Px) increases Add, and then promotes the combination of cadmium and hydroxyl；Selenium and cadmium can also form CdSeO3, thus make the decreased solubility of cadmium, uptake drop Low, selenium also can promote heavy metal cadmium and remove from the active cell point of rice strain metabolism or by changing cell membrane to heavy metal Permeability influences heavy metal in its intracorporal transhipment, and therefore, Spraying Se-fertilizer can reduce the risk of rice class crops cadmium pollution.
Suitable surfactant can improve the surface tension of spray liquid, and it is wet on rice leaf to be conducive to foliar fertilizer Moisten, adhere to and permeate, increases rice strain blade to the absorptivity of selenium nutrient, different surfaces activating agent helps suction effect to have very big difference It is different, if improper use, the adverse reactions such as rice strain blade face injury, plant recovery of nutrient reduction are easily caused, select suitable surface living Property agent on improve selenium plant recovery of nutrient have apparent influence；Via long-term a large amount of experimental study, screening has determined pair the present invention Reduce selenium fertilizer dosage and optimum surfactant that rice Cd content there are better effects.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of foliage spraying agent for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice is designed, penetration enhancer is glued by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and is formed, the selenous acid Concentration of the sodium in the foliage spraying agent is 0.05~0.1g/L, and the medicine fertilizer glues body of the penetration enhancer in the foliage spraying agent Product percentage is 0.3%~0.5%.
Preferably, the concentration of sodium selenite is 0.093g/L, and the percent by volume that the medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.4%.
Preferably, the concentration of sodium selenite is 0.067g/L.
Preferably, the medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer and is produced by ten thousand biochemistry corporation,Ltd., state of Hebei province Baoding, and ingredient includes 4- (2- pyridylazo) resorcinol, nonionic sticker, bleeding agent and activating agent, wherein 4-(2- pyridylazo) resorcinol It is a kind of organicvisualization reagents of metal ions such as measurement Cd, Pb and Cu；Nonionic sticker can increase pesticide in the attached of rice strain blade face Performance, sticker is added in blade spraying liquid can be improved the function and effect of spray liquid, and improve the performance of flushing of resistance to rain；Bleeding agent Belong to nonionic surfactant, play osmosis, is the hydrophilic lipophilic group with fixation, it can the row of orientation on the surface of solution Column, and the substance that surface tension can be made to be remarkably decreased；Activating agent has to the very strong functional group of water affinity, has good point The performances such as scattered, emulsification, wet, solubilising；It is yellow or brown viscous liquid, 1% aqueous solution that the medicine fertilizer, which glues penetration enhancer appearance color, PH value be 5.0-7.0, be greatly improved adhesiveness, the permeability of foliage spraying agent of the present invention, enhance selenium fertilizer efficiency fruit.
A kind of method reducing Cd concentration of brown rice is provided, is included the following steps:
(1) proportion sodium selenite described above and medicine fertilizer penetration enhancer is glued to mix；
(2) it is respectively sprayed 3 times in tillering stage growth period duration of rice, heading stage and Early filling stage, the amount of spraying is per hectare paddy field every time Spray foliage spraying agent described in 750L.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial technical effect of the present invention lies in:
The present invention reduces the reasonably combined selenium fertilizer of foliage spraying agent of Cd concentration of brown rice and medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer, and selenium fertilizer and medicine fertilizer glue penetration enhancer Have the effect of synergy, so that the Cd content of rice absorbing is decreased obviously, significantly reduces the cadmium content of rice；Present invention drop The foliage spraying agent of low Cd concentration of brown rice is low in cost, easy to use.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that the present invention reduces the foliage spraying agent of Cd concentration of brown rice to the influence diagram for reducing Cd content in rice grain.
Specific embodiment
Illustrate a specific embodiment of the invention below with reference to embodiment, but following embodiment is used only to be described in detail The present invention does not limit the scope of the invention in any way.
Related tool, equipment are conventional tool, equipment unless otherwise instructed in the examples below；It is involved Test raw material unless otherwise instructed, be commercially available conventional products；Related test method is unless otherwise instructed normal Rule method.
Embodiment 1
A kind of foliage spraying agent reducing Cd concentration of brown rice glues penetration enhancer by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and forms, and the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.093g/L, and the volume ratio that medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.4%.
Embodiment 2
A kind of foliage spraying agent reducing Cd concentration of brown rice glues penetration enhancer by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and forms, and the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.067g/L, and the volume ratio that medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.4%.
Embodiment 3
A kind of foliage spraying agent reducing Cd concentration of brown rice glues penetration enhancer by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and forms, and the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.05g/L, and the volume ratio that medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.3%.
Embodiment 4
A kind of foliage spraying agent reducing Cd concentration of brown rice glues penetration enhancer by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and forms, and the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.1g/L, and the volume ratio that medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.5%.
5 field verification test of embodiment
Enforcement place: the Cd in the township liuyang hunan Jiao Xi pollutes rice field, and soil Cd content is 1.97 ± 0.13 mg/kg, and pH is 6.06, according to national standard GB 2762-2017, the Cd content of the paddy soil belongs to Cd heavily contaminated soil, at this close to control value Rice field sprays the foliage spraying agent prepared by the present invention for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice.
Inventor has carried out long-term a large amount of screening experiment, determines that the present invention reduces the foliage-spray of Cd concentration of brown rice The optimum amount and optimum surfactant of the selenium fertilizer of agent, the test of part screening verification are as follows:
Implementation method: setting 11 processing altogether, and 3 repetitions are arranged in each processing, in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and Early filling stage point Not carry out foliage-spray it is primary, wherein processing ck1, ck2, ck3 and processing a~h be control group, processing i~j be test group.
Wherein, the An Rongle that control group sprays is produced by 882 Co., Ltd, South Africa Ni Le Cisco, is a kind of suspension Agent, main component are lecithin and vitamin E, and the surfactant plant absorption is fast, does not rain in 30 minutes after laxative, then not It needs to fill spray again；High-efficient penetrant is produced by ten thousand biochemistry corporation,Ltd., state of Hebei province Baoding, and main ingredient is azone+cream Agent+high osmotic agent+activating agent etc.；It is milky or brown color thick liquid, the pH value of 1% aqueous solution is 5.0-7.5, mainly Purposes is medicine fertilizer high effective additives, accelerates agrochemical fertilizer foliar fertilizer to the rapid osmotic of plant, enhances effect of fertilizer；The steady exhibition of medicine fertilizer Agent is produced by ten thousand biochemistry corporation,Ltd., state of Hebei province Baoding, and main ingredient is the steady spreader+solvent+activating agent of nonionic Deng；Appearance is white or milky thick liquid, and the pH value of 1% aqueous solution is 5.0-7.0, and main application is that agrochemical fertilizer is efficient Stablize solvent, be greatly improved the stability of medicine fertilizer, performance of scattering, enhances medicine fertilizer using effect.
Blank control (ck1) does not spray foliage spraying agent of the present invention；
Control 2(ck2) spray blade face spray reagent: 50g sodium selenite is dissolved in 750L water, mix, rice plant of tillering stage, take out Ear period and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
Control 3(ck3) spray blade face spray reagent: 70g sodium selenite is dissolved in 750L water, mix, in rice tillering Phase, heading stage and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing a is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and tbp (TBP) composition, by 50g's Sodium selenite and 37.5g tbp (TBP) are dissolved in 750L water, are mixed, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, pumping Ear period and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing b is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and peace melt happy composition, 50g sodium selenite is molten In 750L water, the An Rongle of 1.5L is added, is mixed, this foliage spraying agent is first in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and grouting Phase is sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing c is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and high-efficient penetrant composition, by 50g selenous acid Sodium is dissolved in 750L water, and the high-efficient penetrant of 4.5L is then added, and is mixed, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, heading Phase and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing d is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and the steady spreader composition of medicine fertilizer, by the sub- selenium of 50g Sour sodium is dissolved in 750L water, and the steady spreader of medicine fertilizer that 3L is then added mixes, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage It is sprayed once with Early filling stage, the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing e is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and tbp (TBP) composition, by 70g's Sodium selenite and 37.5g tbp (TBP) are dissolved in 750L water, are mixed, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, pumping Ear period and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing f is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and peace melt happy composition, by the sodium selenite of 70g It is dissolved in 750L water, adds the An Rongle of 1.5L, mix, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and grouting Initial stage is sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing g is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and high-efficient penetrant composition, by the sub- selenium of 70g Sour sodium is dissolved in 750L water, and the high-efficient penetrant of 4.5L is then added, and is mixed, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, pumping Ear period and Early filling stage are sprayed once, and the amount of spraying is 750L every time, spray 1 hectare of rice field.
The foliage spraying agent that processing h is sprayed: by sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) and the steady spreader composition of medicine fertilizer, by the sub- selenium of 70g Sour sodium is dissolved in 750L water, and the steady spreader of medicine fertilizer that 3L is then added mixes, by this foliage spraying agent in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage It is sprayed once with Early filling stage, the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
Processing i sprays the foliage spraying agent of the embodiment of the present invention 1: it is specially the sodium selenite of 70g is dissolved in 750L water, Then the medicine fertilizer that 3L is added glues penetration enhancer and mixes, this foliage spraying agent is sprayed respectively in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and Early filling stage It applies 1 time, the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
Processing j sprays the foliage spraying agent of the embodiment of the present invention 2: it is specially the sodium selenite of 50g is dissolved in 750L water, Then the medicine fertilizer that 3L is added glues penetration enhancer and mixes, this foliage spraying agent is sprayed respectively in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and Early filling stage It applies 1 time, the amount of spraying is 750L every time, sprays 1 hectare of rice field.
It is sampled in the rice harves phase, 10 m of plot area2, every cell takes 5 plants, mixes well and be ground to after threshing Powder weighs and carries out acid after 0.5 g seed powder and disappear to boil, using each treated the rice seed of graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry The Cd content of grain, as a result as shown in Figure 1.
By Fig. 1 result it is found that compared with blank control (CK), the reduction of the processing offer of i~j, that is, embodiment of the present invention 1~2 The foliage spraying agent of Cd concentration of brown rice significantly reduces the Cd content in rice grain, while better than the effect of other control groups； Wherein, the effect of embodiment 1 is best, i.e., the reduction width of the rice Cd content of processing is sprayed using the foliage spraying agent of embodiment 1 Degree is maximum, and up to 51%, effect is most significant；I~j is handled relative to control 2(ck2) and control 3(ck3) effect is more significant, show The addition that the surfactant medicine fertilizer of invention glues penetration enhancer can play synergistic purpose.
The present invention is described in detail above in conjunction with drawings and examples, still, those of skill in the art Member is it is understood that without departing from the purpose of the present invention, can also carry out each design parameter in above-described embodiment Change, forms multiple specific embodiments, is common variation range of the invention, is no longer described in detail one by one herein.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of foliage spraying agent for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice, which is characterized in that penetration enhancer is glued by sodium selenite and medicine fertilizer and is formed, institute Stating concentration of sodium selenite is 0.05~0.1g/L, and the percent by volume that the medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.3%~0.5%.
2. the foliage spraying agent according to claim 1 for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice, which is characterized in that the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.093g/L, and the volume ratio that medicine fertilizer glues penetration enhancer is 0.4%.
3. the foliage spraying agent according to claim 2 for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice, which is characterized in that the sodium selenite is dense Degree is 0.067g/L.
4. the foliage spraying agent of any reduction Cd concentration of brown rice according to claim 1~3, which is characterized in that the medicine The viscous penetration enhancer of fertilizer is produced by ten thousand biochemistry corporation,Ltd., state of Hebei province Baoding.
5. a kind of method for reducing Cd concentration of brown rice, includes the following steps: respectively to spray in rice plant of tillering stage, heading stage and Early filling stage Foliage spraying agent described in claim 1 at least once is applied, the amount of spraying is 750L/ hectares every time.
CN201910447422.6A 2019-05-27 2019-05-27 Reduce the foliage spraying agent and method of Cd concentration of brown rice Pending CN110066202A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103980030A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-08-13 浙江大学 Preparation for reducing accumulation of cadmium in crops and application method thereof
CN106631520A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-05-10 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Rice selenium-enriching and cadmium-reducing foliar fertilizer
CN109627110A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-16 颜送贵 A kind of multi-functional microelement foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN109734516A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-05-10 湖南嘉诚农业科技有限公司 One kind selenium-rich containing amino acid drop cadmium foliar fertilizer and application method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103980030A (en) * 2014-02-19 2014-08-13 浙江大学 Preparation for reducing accumulation of cadmium in crops and application method thereof
CN106631520A (en) * 2017-01-23 2017-05-10 广西壮族自治区农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所 Rice selenium-enriching and cadmium-reducing foliar fertilizer
CN109627110A (en) * 2019-02-21 2019-04-16 颜送贵 A kind of multi-functional microelement foliage fertilizer and its preparation method and application
CN109734516A (en) * 2019-03-05 2019-05-10 湖南嘉诚农业科技有限公司 One kind selenium-rich containing amino acid drop cadmium foliar fertilizer and application method

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