CN110063507B

CN110063507B - Pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil tea fruits

Info

Publication number: CN110063507B
Application number: CN201910477078.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 汤晶宇; 王东; 曲振兴; 肖冰; 樊涛; 王德柱
Original assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Current assignee: National Forestry And Prairie Bureau Harbin Forestry Machinery Research Institute
Priority date: 2019-06-03
Filing date: 2019-06-03
Publication date: 2022-01-25
Anticipated expiration: 2039-06-03
Also published as: CN110063507A

Abstract

A pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil-tea camellia fruits belongs to the technical field of oil-tea camellia fruit processing and aims to solve the problems that density, shape and quality of oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds are not much different after shelling of an existing oil-tea camellia fruit sheller, and the oil-tea camellia seeds and the oil-tea camellia shells cannot be separated after shelling by adopting existing methods such as winnowing or screening. The invention comprises the following steps: firstly, sorting fresh oil tea fruits according to different sizes; and secondly, cutting the epidermis of the sorted fresh oil-tea camellia fruits to form a plurality of knife seams, and cracking the epidermis of the oil-tea camellia fruits into a plurality of sections of fragments along the knife seam direction after shelling by a huller. According to the invention, through pretreatment of oil-tea camellia fruit shelling, the skin of the oil-tea camellia fruit forms a knife gap, and then the oil-tea camellia fruit is shelled, so that the quality difference of oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds is increased, and the oil-tea camellia shells can be separated from the oil-tea camellia seeds by adopting a conventional air separation or vibration screening mode.

Description

Pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil tea fruits

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of oil tea fruit processing, and particularly relates to a pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil tea fruits.

Background

The camellia oleifera is a woody oil crop with higher economic value, wherein camellia seeds contain rich grease and are raw materials for processing the camellia oleifera oil. The camellia oleifera fruit consists of camellia oleifera shells and camellia seeds, and one important process before oil processing is the operation of camellia oleifera fruit shelling and camellia seed cleaning. Fresh fruits are high in water content just picked, and if the fresh fruits are unshelled in time, the fresh fruits are easy to mildew, so that the subsequent drying, storage and processing of camellia seeds are affected. The density, shape and quality of the oil-tea camellia shells and the oil-tea camellia seeds after the shelling of the existing oil-tea camellia fruit sheller are not much different, and the oil-tea camellia seeds and the oil-tea camellia shells after the shelling cannot be separated by adopting the existing methods such as winnowing or screening, so that the subsequent processing is influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil-tea camellia fruits, aiming at solving the problems that the density, shape and quality of oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds are not much different after shelling of the existing oil-tea camellia fruit sheller, and the oil-tea camellia seeds and the oil-tea camellia shells cannot be separated by adopting the existing methods such as air separation or screening.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:

a pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil tea fruits comprises the following steps:

firstly, sorting fresh oil tea fruits according to different sizes;

and secondly, cutting the epidermis of the sorted fresh oil-tea camellia fruits to form a plurality of knife seams, and cracking the epidermis of the oil-tea camellia fruits into a plurality of sections of fragments along the knife seam direction after shelling by a huller.

And further, in the second step, the skin of the oil tea fruit is cut by adopting a profiling cutter row.

Further, in the second step, before the epidermis of the oil tea fruit is cut, the oil tea fruit is arranged, so that the oil tea fruit forms a row.

Further, the arrangement of the oil tea fruits forming one row is linear or circular.

Further, in the second step, the cutting mode of the profiling cutter row is to roll the oil tea fruits in a row continuously along one direction on the cutting edges of the profiling cutter row, and apply a certain extrusion force to the oil tea fruits in the direction of the cutting edges of the profiling cutter row, so that the cutting edges of the profiling cutter row cut into the epidermis of the oil tea fruits, and a cutter gap is formed on the epidermis of the oil tea fruits.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

according to the method, the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits are pretreated, the skins of the oil-tea camellia fruits are cut to form knife seams on the surfaces, then the existing huller is adopted to hulle the oil-tea camellia fruits, the skins of the hulled oil-tea camellia fruits are naturally cracked into multiple sections along the knife seams due to the fact that the skins of the oil-tea camellia fruits are cut into the multiple knife seams before hulling, the quality difference of oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds is increased, the oil-tea camellia shells can be separated from the oil-tea camellia seeds by adopting conventional vibration screening or winnowing, and the problem that the oil-tea camellia shells cannot be separated from the oil-tea camellia seeds by adopting the existing winnowing or screening methods after the existing huller is directly hulled is solved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the tool holder 4 of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a partial enlarged view at I of fig. 2.

Detailed Description

The first embodiment is as follows: the pretreatment method before shelling of the fresh oil-tea camellia fruits comprises the following steps:

firstly, sorting fresh oil tea fruits according to different sizes;

the mode that can adopt artifical to select separately or adopt current sorter to select separately the tea-oil camellia fruit according to the difference of volume, makes things convenient for the cutting of the epidermis of the tea-oil camellia fruit of epilogue, and the volume phase difference cuts the tea-oil camellia seed greatly easily, consequently needs sort fresh tea-oil camellia fruit earlier.

The second embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 3, the second embodiment will be described, in which the skin of the camellia oleifera fruit is cut by the profiling cutter row 1.

The profiling cutter row 1 is composed of a plurality of cutting cutters 1-1, the cutting cutters 1-1 are arranged side by side at a certain interval, and the arrangement of the cutting edges of the cutting cutters 1-1 is identical to the shape of the oil tea fruit.

Other components and connections are the same as in the first embodiment.

The third concrete implementation mode: in the second step of the embodiment, before the cutting of the oil tea fruits, the oil tea fruits are arranged in a row.

So set up, make things convenient for the cutting of tea-oil camellia fruit.

Other components and connection relationships are the same as those in the second embodiment.

The fourth concrete implementation mode: the arrangement of the oil tea fruits forming one row in the present embodiment is a linear or circular arrangement.

Other compositions and connection relations are the same as those of the third embodiment.

The fifth concrete implementation mode: in the second step of the present embodiment, the profiling knife row 1 is configured to roll the oil tea fruit in a row continuously along one direction on the cutting edge of the profiling knife row 1, and apply a certain pressing force to the oil tea fruit in the direction of the cutting edge of the profiling knife row 1, so that the cutting edge of the profiling knife row cuts into the epidermis of the oil tea fruit, and a knife seam is formed on the epidermis of the oil tea fruit.

By adopting the cutting mode, the surface of the oil-tea camellia fruit can form a plurality of cutting knife seams, a subsequent huller can hulle conveniently, and the quality difference of oil-tea camellia shells and oil-tea camellia seeds is increased.

Other compositions and connection relations are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.

The sixth specific implementation mode: the present embodiment is described with reference to fig. 1 to 3, and the skin cutting machine based on the pretreatment method before dehulling of fresh oil-tea camellia fruit of the present embodiment includes a belt conveyor 2, a hopper 3, and a tool post 4;

the hopper 3 and the knife rest 4 are sequentially arranged above the belt conveyor 2 along the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 2, a certain gap is formed between the hopper 3 and the belt of the belt conveyor 2, a plurality of partition plates 4-1 are arranged on the knife rest 4, a certain gap is formed between every two adjacent partition plates 4-1 to form a tea-oil tree fruit channel, the length direction of the tea-oil tree fruit channel is the same as the conveying direction of the belt conveyor 2, a group of profiling knife rows 1 is arranged in each tea-oil tree fruit channel, each group of profiling knife rows 1 is composed of a plurality of cutting knives 1-1, two adjacent cutting knives 1-1 are arranged at a certain gap, the cutting edge of each cutting knife 1-1 on each group of profiling knife rows 1 and the back of the knife form a wedge shape, the cutting edge of each cutting knife 1-1 on each group of profiling knife rows 1 is obliquely arranged in the tea-oil tree fruit channel, the feeding notch of the cutting knife 1-1 on each group of profiling knife rows 1 is larger than the discharging notch, the arrangement of the cutting edges of a plurality of cutting knives 1-1 on the same group of profiling knife rows 1 is matched with the shape of the oil tea fruit;

preferably, a notch is arranged at one side of the outlet at the bottom of the hopper 3, which is adjacent to the knife rest 4, the height of the notch is more than 1 time and less than 2 times of the diameter of the oil tea fruit, and the oil tea fruit enters the oil tea fruit channel from the notch.

The working process is as follows: hopper 3 is filled with the fresh tea-oil camellia fruit that has been selected separately, and band conveyer 2 operation drives the tea-oil camellia fruit of bottom in the hopper 3, makes the tea-oil camellia fruit of bottom come out from hopper 3 and get into the tea-oil camellia fruit passageway on the knife rest 4 and form multirow tea-oil camellia fruit, and every row of oil tea fruit contacts with cutting knife 1-1 and rolls under band conveyer 2's drive and cuts the tea-oil camellia fruit.

In the embodiment, the method for pretreating the fresh oil-tea camellia fruit before shelling is adopted to cut the oil-tea camellia fruit skin, and then the existing oil-tea camellia fruit huller is adopted to hulle the oil-tea camellia fruit, so that the quality differentiation of oil-tea camellia fruit shells and oil-tea camellia seeds can be increased, the separation of the oil-tea camellia fruit shells is easier, and a guarantee is provided for subsequent processing.

Claims

1. A pretreatment method before shelling of fresh oil tea fruits is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:

firstly, sorting fresh oil tea fruits according to different sizes;

arranging the selected fresh oil tea fruits with the same volume and size to form a row of the fresh oil tea fruits, then cutting the skin of the fresh oil tea fruits arranged in the row by using a skin cutting machine to form a plurality of knife seams, and cracking the skin of the fresh oil tea fruits into a plurality of sections of fragments along the knife seam direction when a huller is used for hulling;

the surface cutting machine comprises a belt conveyor, a hopper and a tool rest; the hopper and the knife rest are sequentially arranged above the belt conveyor along the conveying direction of the belt conveyor, a certain gap is formed between the bottom outlet of the hopper and the belt of the belt conveyor, a plurality of partition plates are arranged on the knife rest, every two adjacent partition plates form a fresh oil tea fruit channel through a certain gap, the length direction of the fresh oil tea fruit channel is the same as the conveying direction of the belt conveyor, a group of profiling cutter rows are arranged in each fresh oil tea fruit channel, each group of profiling cutter rows consists of a plurality of cutting knives, every two adjacent cutting knives are arranged through a certain gap, each group of profiling cutter rows has a wedge-shaped cutting edge and a wedge-shaped back of each cutting knife, each group of profiling cutter rows has a cutting edge inclined in each fresh oil tea fruit channel, and the feeding incisions of the cutting knives in each group of profiling cutter rows are larger than the discharging incisions, the arrangement of the heights of the cutting edges of the plurality of cutting knives on the same group of profiling knife rows is matched with the appearance of the fresh oil tea fruit;

and in the second step, the cutting mode of the profiling cutter rows is to enable the fresh oil tea fruits in one row to continuously roll along one direction on the cutting edges of the plurality of groups of profiling cutter rows, and apply certain extrusion force acting in the direction of the cutting edges of the profiling cutter rows to the fresh oil tea fruits through a belt conveyor, so that the cutting edges of the profiling cutter rows cut into the epidermis of the fresh oil tea fruits, and a plurality of cutter gaps are formed on the epidermis of the fresh oil tea fruits.