CN110062826B

CN110062826B - Carding machine flat for a carding machine

Info

Publication number: CN110062826B
Application number: CN201780075564.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: H·S·斯; M·桑德里森
Original assignee: Lakshmi Card Clothing Mfg Co Pvt ltd
Current assignee: Lakshmi Card Clothing Mfg Co Pvt ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-05
Filing date: 2017-12-02
Publication date: 2022-08-26
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-02
Also published as: TWI806845B; TW201825726A; CN110062826A; WO2018104836A1

Abstract

A carding machine comprises a main carding drum having a drum axis and having drum clothing on its peripheral surface; the cylinder clothing has a plurality of clothing points. An improved revolving flat with different spirals cooperates with said main carding drum along a portion of its circumference. The plurality of cover strips have a flexible card clothing with saw-shaped or comb needles cooperating with the saw-toothed cylinder card clothing. The improvement wherein said plurality of flat bar strips having different card clothing helix directions are placed in different orders to deflect fibers from one direction to another for better carding action.

Description

Carding machine flat for a carding machine

Technical Field

The present invention relates to card flat for carding machines. One of the main components in the carding process is the card flat, and the pattern of the card wires (wires) on which these flats are arranged plays a significant role in the carding function. In particular, the present invention relates to the direction of the flat card wires of a carding machine flat. More particularly, the present invention relates to an improved card flat with card wire for a carding machine.

Background

The spinning process of the yarn involves cleaning and removing impurities present in the fibers, fiber alignment (i.e., parallelization of the fibers), and then spinning the fiber bundle into a yarn. The cleaning and alignment of the fibers is carried out primarily on the first two processing machines, namely the blow room machine and the carding machine. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture for impurities and the level of separation of the fibers into individual pieces. To facilitate the separation of the fibres to a nearly single degree in a carding machine, the main carding action takes place between rollers, known as carding drums (clothers), covered as required with comb teeth of different sizes and shapes, and cover plates, covered with comb tooth(s) or saw tooth(s). These rollers and bars (bar) also work very close to each other and have different surface speeds. The carding machine is shown in the figure. Fig. 1 relates to the main working roller and the bar. An enlarged view of the revolving cover plate is shown. The carding machine has mainly three rollers, which are called Licker-in 1, Main Cylinder 2, Doffer (Doffer ), as shown. There are provided a number of bars, called battens, which are mounted on the main drum and travel on an endless path around a part of the main drum. All three rollers are fitted with saw-tooth combs tightly wound (packed) with coils so that the comb teeth extend radially on their surface. These cover strips are covered with a cover top, which is shown on an enlarged scale in the drawing and is referred to as "revolving cover". These deck tops comprise a flexible base into which are pressed a plurality of wire staples of different cross-sectional types (i.e. elliptical, oval or flat). The ends of the card wires protruding from the flexible base are bent in the desired direction so that they are opposite to the direction of movement of the revolving cover plate on the main drum. The top and sides of the tip of the card wire are ground to form a sharp card wire tip (point). These deck tops are mounted on deck bars called "bare decks". The rotary cover plate is covered by the fine needle points of the comb needles on the top of the cover plate. The relative direction of the card wire tips on the different parts, in particular on the roller, is set on the basis of the movement between the two sets of card wire tips. As shown in fig. 1, the direction of the needle point is the same in the lickerin and the cylinder. It performs a peeling action. The card wire tips in the top of the main drum and the cover plate are reversed. It thus performs a combing action. In order to perform a good carding action, it is preferred that the drum should rotate at high speed, i.e. at high surface speed, while the revolving flat moves at a lower surface speed.

While feeding the material into the carding machine, the lickerin roll first picks up small tufts of fibers from the feed roll. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum covered with finer card wire tips. The fibre tufts are thus distributed over a greater number of card wire tips in order to facilitate an enhanced carding action between the main drum and the card wire tips at the top of the cover plate. The transfer of the fibres from the lickerin roll to the cylinder depends on various factors such as the angle of the needle tip of the card wire, the relative surface speeds of the two parts and more importantly the gap/gauge (gauge) between the two covered surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between the drum and the lickerin roll 6, the uniformity of the gap between the drum and the flat top 5, and the uniformity of the gap between the drum and the doffer 7 are of vital importance for obtaining good and consistent performance from the carding machine. Furthermore, since the main carding action takes place between the carding drum and the top of the card flat, the direction of the card wire tips at the top of the card flat is also very important. In the textile industry, it is well known that carding is the core of textile yarns. The high productivity of carding saves process steps, resulting in reduced yarn quality. The purpose of carding is to separate the fiber bundle (flock) into individual fibers, clean or remove impurities, reduce neps (entangled fibers), remove dust, remove short fibers, fiber blending (fiber blending), fiber orientation or alignment, sliver (sliver) formation. Therefore, the cloth (cloth) of both the carding roller and the top of the cover plate is of utmost importance. In existing systems, all 80 to 110 cover plates are provided with unidirectional clothing (fastening). Due to this arrangement of the card clothing on top of the card flat, the carding action is not satisfactory. This is one of the main disadvantages of the combing action. In the improved system, the card wire of the cover plate is not unidirectional.

Disclosure of Invention

A main object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks.

A further object is to change the direction of the card wire of the card clothing as desired, so that a uniform carding is achieved.

A further object is to alternately place a plurality of tops of the flat, while changing the direction of the card clothing on the tops of the flat.

Another object is to maintain the combing action in a consistent manner.

Another object is to produce a more uniform sliver.

These and other advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The following presents a simplified summary of the invention in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an extensive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key/critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a carding machine comprising:

(a) a main carding drum having a drum axis and having drum clothing on a peripheral surface thereof; the roller clothing has a plurality of clothing points (fastening points);

(b) a moving flat cooperating with said main carding drum along a circumferential portion thereof; the movable cover plate includes:

(1) a plurality of flat bars, each flat bar having a flat clothing that cooperates with the roller clothing; the cover plate strip card clothing is provided with a plurality of card clothing points; and

(2) drive means for moving the flat bar in unison along a circulation path, which means have a working arm (working leg) and a return arm, in which working arm the flat bar card clothing cooperates with the cylinder card clothing; the working arm extends circumferentially around a portion of the main carding drum.

Wherein the plurality of flat strips are alternately disposed, each having a different card cloth spiral direction to deflect fibers from one direction to another.

Other aspects, advantages and salient features of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description, which, taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, discloses exemplary embodiments of the invention.

In the deep analysis of all the active elements of the comb element, an analysis was made regarding the effect on the combing performance. It has been found that the "cylinder-deck" area is the most effective area of the carding machine to date, for performing the following actions:

1. opening the fiber bundle into individual fibers;

2. cleaning or removing impurities;

3. reduction of neps (entangled fibers);

4. removing dust;

5. removing short fibers;

6. blending fibers;

7. orientation or arrangement of the fibers;

8. sliver formation (carding machine output material).

According to the carding principle described above, 75% of all neps can be unravelled, and in fact about 60% of these neps are unravelled. The remaining 40% of the disengageable neps are 30-33% transferred by the sliver, 5-6% are removed by the cover strip (strip), and the remaining 2-4% are removed with the waste.

The main work of the carding machine is to separate the individual fibres, which is done between the main drum and the cover plate. Only by means of this defibration is it possible to remove fine dirt particles and dust.

The wire pattern on top of the improved decking is in the left to right direction.

Conventional systems:

depending on the configuration of the card, each card will have 80-110 revolving flat tops. The card needle tips in the top of the cover plate are arranged (plant) in the following way: it creates a channel (canal) like flow path so that the individualized fibers will follow the path. Generally, any material flow will attempt to take the easiest path to flow easily.

When the tip of the card wire is in only one direction, the fiber will always flow in one direction, e.g. right-handed, and the carding action is limited to a unidirectional fiber flow. Thus, the fibers pass through the gap and are not further effectively carded. Again, in this conventional arrangement, the fibers are held in one orientation by a small number of tops. More (further) tops will be idle. The fibers are shown in a unidirectional flow in fig. 2. Thus, the fibers will not be effectively carded.

Proposed system

In this new configuration, at the next top to start action, the channel path is diverted to the opposite direction, i.e. left-handed, by rearranging the pins in this second top. The fiber flow is disturbed/twisted and facilitates its further carding. It is expected that the fiber bundle (bunch) will become loose and separate into multiple paths.

Again, the third crest will also start acting to turn the fiber flow into a right-handed direction. This turning will continue during the carding process. In this way, the fibers are deflected from one direction to the other during carding.

Due to the change of the spiral pattern of the card cloth, the fibres are deflected from at least one cover plate to the next.

The direction of the fibres changes from a number of deck tops to a number of deck tops with different spirals, it is preferred that two decks with the same spiral direction are placed after two decks with different spiral directions on top of the deck, so that the fibre flow is changed after every two decks.

The helix angle of the card wire varies between 0 and 89 degrees of the helix provided in the card wire with the flat top or flat card wire with saw teeth.

In this new arrangement there will be tension (strain) on the fibres in each or all of the tops during their contact with the saw teeth of the carding drum. The fibers are shown flowing in two directions in fig. 3.

Drawings

The foregoing and other aspects, features and advantages of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a carding machine showing a number of detail parts;

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing a conventional unidirectional pattern on the top of a cover plate;

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a plurality of alternate cover plates with bi-directional cover plate tops in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 4 shows a detailed arrangement of the cover plate in combination with the carding drum;

FIG. 5 shows a deck top with a right-handed helical direction;

fig. 6 shows a cover plate top with a right-hand spiral.

Skilled artisans appreciate that elements in the figures are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of various exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. Throughout the drawings, it should be noted that like reference numerals are used to refer to the same or similar elements, features and structures.

Detailed Description

The following description, with reference to the drawings, is intended to facilitate a broad understanding of the various exemplary embodiments of the invention, as defined by the equivalents thereof. It includes various specific details to assist in such understanding, but these details should be regarded as exemplary only.

As such, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. In addition, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail for clarity or conciseness.

The terms and words used in the following description are not to be construed in a limiting sense, but rather are used by the inventors for the sole purpose of enabling the invention to be clearly and consistently understood. As such, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following descriptions of the exemplary embodiments of the present invention are provided for illustration only and not for the purpose of limiting the invention as defined by the equivalents thereof.

It is to be understood that the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

As used herein, the term "substantially" means that the specified characteristics, parameters and values need not be achieved precisely, but may have deviations or variations to the extent that they do not preclude the desired effect on the specified characteristics, including, for example, tolerances, measurement error, measurement accuracy limitations and other factors well known to those of skill in the art.

Features that are described or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments described above.

It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used in this specification is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.

Figure 1 shows a number of details of the carding machine. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture of impurities and separation of the fibers to individual levels. To facilitate the separation of the fibers to a near single level, the rollers and bars in the carding machine are covered with a clothing that includes a plurality of card teeth of different sizes and shapes as desired. These rollers and bars also operate in close proximity at different surface speeds. Fig. 1 shows a schematic side view of a carding machine. The main working rollers and bars are shown in fig. 5. Fig. 5 shows an enlarged view of the revolving cover plate. In fig. 1 it is shown that the carding machine has mainly three rolls, which are called lickerin 1, main drum 2, doffer 4. There are a number of bars, called battens 5, mounted on the main drum and travelling in an endless path around a portion of the main drum. All three rollers are fitted with saw-tooth combs tightly wound with coils so that the comb teeth extend radially on their surface. These flat bars are covered with flexible card wires made of steel 3, shown on an enlarged scale in fig. 5, and are called "revolving flats". The cover top includes a flexible base into which a plurality of pins of different cross-sectional types (i.e., elliptical, oval or flat) are pressed. The ends of the card wire protruding from the flexible base are bent in the desired direction so that they are opposite to the direction of movement of the revolving cover plate on the main drum. The top and sides of the tip of the card wire are ground to form a sharp card wire tip. These deck tops are mounted on deck bars called "bare decks". The revolving cover plate is covered by the milled gill pin tips at the top of the cover plate. It is also possible that the cover strip is spiked with a metal top, i.e. saw tooth comb pins instead of flexible ones. The relative direction of the card wire tips on the different parts, in particular on the roller, is set on the basis of the movement between the two sets of card wire tips. As shown in fig. 1, the direction of the needle point is the same in the lickerin and the cylinder. Thus, it performs a peeling action. The card wire tips in the top of the main drum and the cover plate are reversed. Thus, it performs a combing action. In order to perform a good carding action, it is preferred that the drum should rotate at high speed, i.e. at high surface speed, while the revolving cover moves at lower surface speed.

While feeding the material into the card, the lickerin roll first picks up small tufts of fibers from the feed roll. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum covered with finer card wire tips. The fibre tufts are thus distributed over a greater number of card wire tips in order to facilitate an enhanced carding action between the main drum and the card wire tips at the top of the cover plate. The transfer of the fibres from the lickerin roll to the cylinder depends on various factors, such as the angle of the needle point of the card, the relative surface speeds of the two parts, and more importantly the gap/gauge between the two covered surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between the drum and the lickerin roll, the uniformity of the gap between the drum and the top 5 of the flat, and the uniformity of the gap between the drum and the doffer 7 are of vital importance for obtaining good and consistent performance from the carding machine.

A conventional cover arrangement is shown in fig. 2, in which all the covers are provided with cover comb teeth in the same direction. Due to this arrangement, the carded fibers pass straight between the drum and the cover plate without any deflection, so that tension is created on the fiber bundle to provide an opportunity for further carding.

A modified coverplate configuration is shown in fig. 3, where multiple coverplates with different tooth orientations are placed alternately, deflecting the fibers from one orientation to another, whereby the fibers are tensioned for better combing, as also shown in fig. 3.

Details of the saw teeth and the cover card wire of the drum are shown in fig. 4. It shows the carding action between the flats and the main drum, where the revolving flats are covered with card wires and the drum is covered with saw teeth. The cover plates rotate counterclockwise and the drum rotates clockwise.

The complete unit of the cover plate is shown in fig. 5. About 80 to 120 such flats are assembled in a string and rotated on a drum so that the needles of both are placed in close proximity.

The advantages are that:

an enhanced defibration action between the drum and the top of the cover plate can be achieved.

Fiber entanglement (neps) in the card sliver (output material of the card) is reduced.

Claims

1. A carding machine, comprising:

a main carding drum having a drum axis and provided with drum clothing on a circumferential surface thereof; the roller card clothing has a plurality of clothing points;

a moving cover cooperating with said main carding cylinder along a circumferential portion of said main carding cylinder; the movable cover plate includes:

a plurality of cover strips, each of the cover strips having a cover strip card clothing cooperating with the cylinder card clothing; the cover plate strip card clothing is provided with a plurality of card clothing points; and

drive means for moving the clothing strips in unison along an endless path, the drive means having an operating arm in which the clothing strips cooperate with the cylinder clothing, and a return arm; said working arm extending circumferentially around a portion of said main carding drum;

wherein the plurality of flat bar segments each have a different card clothing spiral direction, the plurality of flat bar segments being positioned such that during carding, fibers are deflected from one direction to another; and is provided with

Wherein the fibers are deflected from at least one flat to the next flat as a result of the change in the spiral pattern of the card cloth.

2. A carding machine as in claim 1, wherein the direction of the fibers changes from a plurality of flat tops to a plurality of flat tops having different spirals.

3. A carding machine as in claim 1 wherein two flats having the same spiral direction are placed after two flats having different spiral directions on top of said flats, so that the fiber flow is changed after every two flats.

4. A carding machine of claim 1, wherein the helix angle of the card wire varies between 0 degrees and 89 degrees.

5. A carding machine as in claim 1, wherein the spiral is provided in a flat clothing with a saw tooth flat top or with a flat card wire.

6. A carding machine of claim 1, wherein said main carding cylinder rotates at a higher speed than said moving flat, and said moving flat rotates counter-clockwise and said main carding cylinder rotates clockwise.

7. A carding machine as in claim 1, wherein said moving flats are provided with a solid base and sharp teeth for high speed carding and nep removal.