TWI806845B - Carding machine with card flat - Google Patents

Carding machine with card flat Download PDF

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Publication number
TWI806845B
TWI806845B TW106142363A TW106142363A TWI806845B TW I806845 B TWI806845 B TW I806845B TW 106142363 A TW106142363 A TW 106142363A TW 106142363 A TW106142363 A TW 106142363A TW I806845 B TWI806845 B TW I806845B
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Taiwan
Prior art keywords
flat
clothing
cylinder
carding
fibers
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TW106142363A
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Chinese (zh)
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TW201825726A (en
Inventor
哈利 山卡爾 S
穆拉葛山 桑達里森
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印度商拉克什米卡德衣服製造私人有限公司
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01GPRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02Carding machines
    • D01G15/08Carding machines with flats or like members or endless card sheets operating in association with a main cylinder
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01GPRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/02Carding machines
    • D01G15/12Details
    • D01G15/14Constructional features of carding elements, e.g. for facilitating attachment of card clothing
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01GPRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
    • D01G15/00Carding machines or accessories; Card clothing; Burr-crushing or removing arrangements associated with carding or other preliminary-treatment machines
    • D01G15/84Card clothing; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

A carding machine comprises a main carding cylinder having a cylinder axis and carrying a cylinder clothing on a circumferential surface thereof; said cylinder clothing having clothing points. The improved revolving flats with different helixes are cooperating with said main carding cylinder along a circumferential length portion thereof. A plurality of flat bars having flexible clothing either with saw or wire cooperating with said saw teethed cylinder clothing. The improvement is said plurality of flat bars having different direction of helix of clothing being placed with different sequence to deflect the fibers from one direction to another direction for better carding action.

Description

具針板的梳棉機 Carding machine with needle plate

本發明與用於梳棉機的針板有關。在梳棉過程中的一個主要組件是針板以及在梳棉功能中提供重要角色的配置蓋板起毛針的其圖案。特別地,本發明與梳棉機針板的蓋板起毛針方向有關。特別地,本發明與具有用於梳棉機的起毛針的改進板有關。 The present invention relates to a needle bar for a carding machine. A major component in the carding process is the needle plate and its pattern of the flat raising needles which provide an important role in the carding function. In particular, the invention relates to the orientation of the flat raising needles of the needle boards of carding machines. In particular, the invention relates to an improved board with raising needles for a carding machine.

紡紗過程牽涉了清洗以及移除存在於纖維中的雜質、校直(即平行放置)纖維然後紡織紗中的纖維束。纖維的清洗以及校直主要在最先的兩個處理機械上完成,即清棉間以及梳棉機。梳棉過程牽涉大量清洗纖維混合物中的雜質以及分開纖維至個別的程度。為了在梳棉機中幫助將纖維分開至幾乎個別的程度,主要的梳棉動作發生在稱為梳棉滾筒的滾輪以及披覆有起毛針或鋸齒的板之間,根據需求,梳棉滾筒披覆有各種大小以及形狀的起毛針齒。這些滾筒以及棒子也非常接近地並以不同的表面速度運轉。圖中示出了梳棉機。在第1圖中提及了主要的工作滾輪以及棒子。在圖式中有示出了輪轉式蓋板的放大圖。梳棉機主要具有圖式中所示已知為刺輥1、主要梳棉滾筒2、落紗機(Doffer)4的三個液輪。有一些已知為蓋板條的棒子,其裝設在主滾筒上並在繞著一部分的主滾筒的循環路徑上行動。所有的這三個滾筒以緊密包裝的線圈裝設有鋸齒起毛針,以至於起毛針齒在其表面上放射狀延伸。蓋板條披覆有在放大比例的圖式中示出的板頂部,並已知為「輪轉式蓋板」。蓋板頂部包括彈性基座,在 彈性基座上壓入了不同類型截面的起毛針纖維,即橢圓、卵圓形或平的。從彈性基座凸出的起毛針的末端以意欲的方向彎曲,以至於其與輪轉式蓋板的運動之主滾輪上的相反。起毛針的尖端在頂部以及側邊被研磨,以產生鋒利的起毛針點。這些蓋板頂部被裝設在已知為「禿板」的蓋板條上。輪轉式蓋板覆蓋有蓋板頂部的細起毛針點。基於兩組起毛針點之間的動作,提供了在不同組件上的起毛針點的相對方向,特別是滾輪。如第1圖中所示,在刺輥以及滾筒中的起毛針點的方向是相同的。因此其執行了剝除的動作。在主滾筒以及蓋板頂部中的起毛針點是相反的。因此其執行了梳棉動作。為了執行好的梳棉動作,較佳的是,滾筒應以高速轉動,即以高表面速度,而輪轉式蓋板以較低的表面速度移動。 The spinning process involves washing and removing impurities present in the fibers, straightening (ie placing them parallel) and then spinning the fiber bundles in the yarn. The cleaning and straightening of the fibers is mainly done on the first two processing machines, the cleaning room and the carding machine. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture from impurities and separation of the fibers to an individual degree. To help separate the fibers to an almost individual degree in a carding machine, the main carding action takes place between rollers called card cylinders and plates covered with raising needles or serrations. Card cylinders are covered with raising needles of various sizes and shapes as required. These rollers and rods also run in close proximity and at different surface speeds. The figure shows a carding machine. The main working rollers and rods are mentioned in the 1st picture. In the drawing there is an enlarged view showing the revolving cover. The card mainly has three liquid wheels known as licker-in 1 , main card cylinder 2 , doffer 4 shown in the drawings. There are bars known as flat strips which are mounted on the main drum and act on a circulating path around a part of the main drum. All three cylinders are equipped with serrated raising needles with tightly packed coils so that the teeth of the raising needles extend radially on their surface. The cover strips are covered with plate tops shown in the enlarged scale drawings and are known as "rotary cover". The top of the cover plate includes a resilient base, in Raising needle fibers of different types of cross-section, ie oval, oval or flat, are pressed into the elastic base. The ends of the raising needles protruding from the elastic base are bent in the intended direction so that they are opposite to those on the main rollers of the movement of the rotary flat. The tips of the linting pins are ground on the top as well as the sides to create a sharp linting point. These deck tops are mounted on deck strips known as "bald decks". The rotating cover is covered with fine napping points on top of the cover. Based on the movement between the two sets of napping points, the relative orientation of the napping points on different components, especially the rollers, is provided. As shown in Figure 1, the direction of the napping needle points in the licker-in roller and cylinder is the same. So it performs the action of stripping. The napping points in the main drum and in the top of the flat are reversed. It thus performs a carding action. In order to perform a good carding action, preferably the drum should rotate at high speed, ie at a high surface speed, while the rotary flat moves at a lower surface speed.

當將材料進料至梳棉機時,首先滾輪中刺輥從進料滾輪取了小簇的纖維。這些小簇纖維藉由剝除動作被轉移至披覆有較細起毛針點的主滾筒。因此纖維簇被分佈在較高數目的起毛針點上以幫助主滾筒以及板頂部起毛針點之間的強力梳棉動作。從刺輥至滾筒的纖維轉移取決於各種因素,例如起毛針點的角度、兩個組件的相對表面速度以及最重要地兩個披覆表面之間的間隙/隔距。滾筒與刺輥1之間、滾筒與蓋板頂部6之間以及滾筒與落紗機4之間的間隙均勻度對於達到梳棉機的好的且一致的性能是非常關鍵且重要的。此外,板頂部的起毛針點方向也非常重要,因為主要的梳棉動作發生在梳棉滾筒以及蓋板頂部之間。在紡織工業中所熟知的是,梳棉是紡紗的中心。梳棉中的高產量以節省過程導致紗品質的降低。梳棉的目的是將纖維簇打開成個別的纖維、清洗或消除雜質、降低棉粒(糾結的纖維)、消除灰塵、消除短纖維、混合纖維、順向或校直纖維、形成棉條。因此非常重要的是梳棉滾筒以及板頂部的針布。在現存的系統中,所有的80至110個板被提供了單向的針布。由於板頂部針布的這 種配置,梳棉動作不令人滿意。這是梳棉動作的一個主要缺點。在改進的系統中,蓋板的起毛針不是單向的。 When the material is fed to the card, first the licker-in in the roller takes small tufts of fibers from the feed roller. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum coated with finer napping points. The fiber tufts are therefore distributed over a higher number of napping points to aid in the strong carding action between the main cylinder and the napping points on top of the board. The fiber transfer from the licker-in to the cylinder depends on various factors such as the angle of the napping needle points, the relative surface speeds of the two components and most importantly the gap/gauge between the two cladding surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between the cylinder and the licker-in 1, between the cylinder and the flat top 6 and between the cylinder and the doffer 4 is very critical and important to achieve a good and consistent performance of the card. In addition, the direction of the napping needle point at the top of the board is also very important, since the main carding action takes place between the carding cylinder and the top of the flat. As is well known in the textile industry, carding is the heart of spinning. High output in carding to save process leads to reduction of yarn quality. The purpose of carding is to open fiber tufts into individual fibers, clean or eliminate impurities, reduce lint (entangled fibers), eliminate dust, eliminate short fibers, blend fibers, straighten or align fibers, and form a sliver. So very important are the card cylinders and the clothings on top of the boards. In existing systems, all 80 to 110 plates are provided with unidirectional clothing. Due to this With this configuration, the carding action is not satisfactory. This is a major disadvantage of the carding action. In the improved system, the fluffing needles of the cover plate are not unidirectional.

發明目的purpose of invention

本發明的一個主要目的是移除上述的缺點。 A main purpose of the present invention is to remove the above-mentioned disadvantages.

進一步的目的是如所需改變板針布之起毛針的方向,以執行均勻的梳棉。 A further object is to change the direction of the raising needles of the card clothing as required in order to perform an even carding.

進一步的目的是以改變板頂部針布的方向來交替地放置板頂部。 A further aim is to alternately place the top of the board by changing the direction of the clothing on top of the board.

另一個目的是均勻地維持梳棉動作。 Another purpose is to maintain the carding action evenly.

另一個目的是產生更多均勻的棉條。 Another purpose is to produce more uniform slivers.

結合閱讀附圖,從下面詳細的描述,本發明的這些以及其他優勢將變得立即地顯而易見。 These and other advantages of the present invention will become immediately apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

發明摘要Summary of the invention

下面呈現了簡化的本發明摘要以提供本發明一些方面的基本了解。此發明摘要不是本發明的廣泛概述。其不意欲識別本發明的關鍵/重要元件或描述本發明的範圍。其唯一的目的是以簡化的形式來呈現本發明的某概念,作為對於之後所呈現的本發明的更詳細描述的前言。 The following presents a simplified Summary of the Invention to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an extensive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key/critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description of the invention that is presented later.

根據本發明的一方面,有提供了一種梳棉機,包括:(a)具有滾筒軸並在其周圍表面上攜帶滾筒針布的主要梳棉滾筒;該滾筒針布具有針布點;(b)沿著其周圍長度部分與該主要梳棉滾筒協作的行動蓋板;該行動蓋板包括(1)多個蓋板條,每個具有與該滾筒針布協作的蓋板條針布;該蓋板條針布具有針布點;以及 (2)用於在循環路徑中一致地移動該蓋板條的驅動裝置,其具有該蓋板條針布與該滾筒針布協作所在的工作腳以及返回腳;該工作腳圍繞著該主要梳棉滾筒的一部分延伸;其中該多個蓋板條的每一個具有交替放置的針布之不同螺旋方向,以將纖維從一個方向偏斜至另一個方向。 According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a card comprising: (a) a main carding cylinder having a cylinder shaft and carrying a cylinder clothing on its peripheral surface; the cylinder clothing having clothing points; (b) an active flat cooperating with the main card cylinder along a portion of its peripheral length; the active flat comprising (1) a plurality of flat strips, each having a flat strip clothing cooperating with the cylinder clothing; (2) Drive means for moving the flat strip in unison in a circulating path, having a working foot on which the flat strip clothing cooperates with the cylinder clothing and a return foot; the working foot extending around a portion of the main carding cylinder; wherein each of the plurality of flat strips has a different helical direction of alternately placed clothings to deflect fibers from one direction to the other.

結合附圖,從下面揭露了本發明示範性實施方式的詳細描述,本發明的其他方面、優勢以及顯著特徵對於本領域的技術人員將變得清楚。 Other aspects, advantages and salient features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclosed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

關於在梳棉性能上的影響之在梳棉元件的所有操作元件的深度分析已被執行。發現的是,「滾筒板」區域顯然是梳棉機用於執行下述動作的最有效區域。 An in-depth analysis of all operating elements of the carding element has been carried out with regard to the influence on the carding performance. It was found that the "drum plate" area is clearly the most efficient area of the card for the actions described below.

1.為了將纖維簇打開成個別的纖維 1. In order to open fiber clusters into individual fibers

2.雜質的清洗或消除 2. Cleaning or elimination of impurities

3.棉粒(糾結纖維)的降低 3. Reduction of cotton grains (entangled fibers)

4.灰塵的消除 4. Dust removal

5.短纖維的消除 5. Elimination of short fibers

6.纖維混合 6. Fiber blending

7.纖維順向或校直 7. Fiber straightening or straightening

8.棉條形成(梳棉機輸出材料) 8. Sliver formation (card output material)

根據梳棉理論,可能解開所有棉粒的75%,且事實上解開了這些的大約60%。剩下的40%中,不可結合的棉粒30-33%隨著棉條傳遞,5-6%以板條移除,且剩下的2-4%與廢棄物一起被消除。 According to carding theory, it is possible to untangle 75% of all cotton grains, and in fact approximately 60% of these are untwisted. Of the remaining 40%, 30-33% of the non-bondable cotton is passed along with the sliver, 5-6% is removed with the slats, and the remaining 2-4% is eliminated with the waste.

梳棉機的主要工作是分開個別的纖維,其在主滾筒以及蓋板之間執行。只有利用此纖維分開才可能消除細灰塵顆粒以及灰塵。 The main work of the card is to separate the individual fibers, which is performed between the main cylinder and the flats. Only with this fibrous separation is it possible to eliminate fine dust particles as well as dust.

蓋板頂部佈線的改進圖案是在從左至右的方向中。 The improved pattern for the top routing of the cover is in a left-to-right direction.

傳統系統:Traditional system:

根據梳棉機的結構,每個梳棉機將具有80-110個數目的輪轉式蓋板頂部。在蓋板頂部中的起毛針點以產生似運河流徑的方式設置,以至於個別化的纖維將跟隨那個路徑。一般而言住何材料流將試著採取最簡單的路徑以輕易地流動。 Depending on the card configuration, each card will have a number of 80-110 rotary flat tops. The napping points in the top of the cover plate are arranged in such a way as to create a canal-like path, so that the individualized fibers will follow that path. In general any material flow will try to take the easiest path to flow easily.

當起毛針點只在一個方向中時,纖維將永遠以一個方向流動-例如右螺旋方向,梳棉動作受限於單向的纖維流。因此纖維在間隙中傳遞且將不會被進一步有效地梳棉。此外,在傳統的配置中,在少數頂部的動作之內,纖維維持一個方向中。其他的頂部將在閒置狀態中。在單向流動中的纖維示於第2圖中。所以纖維將不會被有效地梳棉。 When the raising needle points are only in one direction, the fibers will always flow in one direction - eg right helical direction, the carding action is limited to a unidirectional fiber flow. The fibers are thus passed in the gap and will not be carded further effectively. Furthermore, in conventional configurations, within a few top motions, the fibers remain in one direction. The other tops will be in idle state. Fibers in unidirectional flow are shown in Figure 2. So the fibers will not be carded efficiently.

所提出的系統:The proposed system:

在此新結構中,在下一個進入動作的頂部中藉由在此第二頂部中重配置針,運河路徑轉向成相反的方向-假設是左螺旋。纖維流被分散/扭轉並幫助進一步的結合。所預期的是,纖維束將被鬆開並分開到許多路徑中。 In this new structure, by relocating the needle in this second top in the top of the next entry action, the canal path is turned in the opposite direction - assuming a left helix. The fiber stream is dispersed/twisted and aids in further bonding. It is expected that the fiber bundles will be loosened and separated into many paths.

再次地,第三頂部將進入動作而以右螺旋方向轉向纖維流。此轉向將在梳棉過程期間持續發生(以這樣的方式:纖維在梳棉期間從一個方向偏斜至另一個方向)。 Again, the third top will come into motion turning the fiber flow in a right helical direction. This deflection will continue to occur during the carding process (in such a way that the fibers are deflected from one direction to another during carding).

由於針布螺旋圖案的改變,纖維從至少一個板偏斜至下一個板。 Due to the change in the helical pattern of the clothing, the fibers are deflected from at least one plate to the next.

纖維的方向從多個蓋板頂部改變至具有不同螺旋多個蓋板頂部,較佳地,具有一個螺旋方向的兩個板被放於在蓋板頂部上具有不同方向螺旋的兩個板之後,以至於在每兩個板之後改變纖維的流動。 The direction of the fibers is changed from a plurality of cover plate tops to a plurality of cover plate tops with different helixes, preferably two plates with one helix direction are placed after two plates with different direction helixes on the cover plate tops so that the flow of fibers is changed after every two plates.

起毛針針布的螺旋角在0度以及89度螺旋之間改變,其被提供在具有鋸齒板頂部或具有蓋板起毛針的板針布中。 The helix angle of the raising wires varies between 0 degrees and an 89 degree helix, which is provided in flat wires with sawtooth plate tops or with flat needles.

在新的配置中,在每個頂部中,在它們與梳棉滾筒的鋸齒接觸期間,在纖維上將有張力。以兩個方向流動的纖維示於第3圖中。 In the new configuration, in each top there will be tension on the fibers during their contact with the teeth of the card cylinder. Fibers flowing in both directions are shown in Figure 3.

1:刺輥 1: licker-in roller

2:主要梳棉滾筒 2: Main carding cylinder

3:蓋板起毛針 3: Cover raising needle

4/7:落紗機 4/7: Doffer

5:蓋板條 5: Cover strip

6:蓋板頂部 6: Top of the cover

8:行動蓋板 8: Action cover

結合附圖,從下面的描述,本發明某些示範性實施方式的上述以及其他方面、特徵以及優勢將更清楚,其中: The above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

第1圖示出了以詳細組件示出的梳棉機的示意性側視圖。 Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a card shown in detailed assembly.

第2圖示出了板頂部的傳統單向圖案的平面圖。 Figure 2 shows a plan view of a traditional unidirectional pattern on top of the board.

第3圖示出了具有雙向板頂部的所提出改進交替配置板的平面圖。 Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the proposed improved alternating configuration plate with bi-directional plate tops.

第4圖示出了結合梳棉滾筒的詳細板配置。 Fig. 4 shows the detailed plate configuration in conjunction with the card cylinder.

第5圖示出了具有右螺旋方向的板頂部。 Figure 5 shows the plate top with a right-hand helical orientation.

第6圖示出了具有右螺旋的板頂部。 Figure 6 shows a plate top with a right helix.

本領域的技術人員將領略圖式中的元件是為了簡化以及清楚而示出,且可未以比例尺繪出。例如,圖式中一些元件的尺寸可相對於其他元件被誇大,以幫助改進本揭露內容各種示範性實施方式的了解。在從頭到尾的圖式中,應注意的是,類似的元件符號用以描述相同或相似的元件、特徵以及結構。 Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and may not have been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Throughout the drawings, it should be noted that like reference numerals are used to depict the same or similar elements, features, and structures.

參照附圖,提供了下面的描述以幫助如它們的均等物所定義的本發明示範性實施方式的全面了解。其包括各種特定的細節以幫助了解,但這些僅被視為示範性。 With reference to the accompanying drawings, the following description is provided to aid in a comprehensive understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention as defined by their equivalents. It includes various specific details to aid in understanding but these are to be regarded as exemplary only.

因此,本領域的技術人員將識別出,可做出本文中所描述的實施方式的各種改變以及修飾,而不悖離本發明的範圍。此外,為了清楚以及簡潔,將省略所熟知功能以及結構的描述。 Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.

在下面描述中所使用的用語以及用字不限於書目有關意義,但僅由發明人用以能夠清楚並一致地了解本發明。因此,對於本領域的技術人員應顯而易見的是,下面本發明示範性實施方式的描述僅被提供用於示例的目的,且不為了限制由它們的均等物所定義的本發明。 The terms and words used in the following description are not limited to bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Therefore, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustration purposes only and not for limiting the invention as defined by their equivalents.

要了解的是,除非上下文另外清楚地指定,單數形式「一(a)」、「一(an)」以及「該」包括複數指稱。 It is to be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

如果在本文件中使用,藉由用語「實質地」,其意指不需確切地達到所列舉的特徵、參數或值,但可以不排除特徵所欲提供的效果的量發生偏差或變異,包括例如,公差、測量誤差、測量準確度限制以及本領域技術人員已知的其他因素。 If used in this document, by the term "substantially" it means that the recited characteristic, parameter or value need not be exactly achieved, but deviations or variations in the amount of effect from which the characteristic is intended to provide may not be excluded, including, for example, tolerances, measurement errors, limitations of measurement accuracy, and other factors known to those skilled in the art.

關於一個實施方式所描述及/或示出的特徵可在一或更多個其他實施方式中以相同的方式或以類似的方式、及/或與其他實施方式的特徵結合或代替其他實施方式的特徵來使用。 Features described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment can be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of features of other embodiments.

應強調的是,當在此說明書中使用時,用語「包括(comprises)/(comprising)」是用以具體說明所稱特徵、整體、步驟或組成的存在,但不排除一或更多個其他特徵、個別實體、步驟、組件或其群組的存在或加入。 It should be emphasized that when used in this specification, the word "comprises/(comprising)" is used to specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, individual entities, steps, components or groups thereof.

梳棉機的詳細組成示於第1圖中。梳棉過程牽涉大量清洗纖維混合物中的雜質以及將纖維分開至個別的程度。為了幫助將纖維分開至幾乎個別的程度,梳棉機中的滾筒以及棒子披覆有針布,根據需求針布包括各種大小以及形狀的起毛針齒。這些滾筒以及棒子也以非常接近的距離並以不同表面速度運作。在第1圖中示出了梳棉機的示意性側視圖。在第5圖中示出了主工作滾輪以 及棒子。在第5圖中有輪轉式蓋板的放大圖。梳棉機主要具有已知為第1圖中所示的刺輥1、主要梳棉滾筒2、落紗機4的三個滾筒。有一些已知為蓋板條5的棒子,其被裝設在主滾筒上,並繞著主滾筒的一部分在循環的路徑上行動。所有的三個滾輪以緊密包裝的線圈裝設有鋸齒起毛針,以至於起毛針齒在其表面上放射地延伸。蓋板條披覆有由第5圖中以放大比例尺所示的由鋼製的彈性的蓋板起毛針3,並已知為「輪轉式蓋板」。蓋板頂部包括彈性基座,在彈性基座上壓入了不同類型截面(即橢圓、卵圓形或平坦的)的起毛針釘。從彈性基座凸出的起毛針末端以意欲的方式彎曲,以至於其與輪轉式蓋板的運動之主滾筒上的相反。起毛針的尖端在頂部以及側邊被研磨,以產生鋒利的起毛針點。這些板頂部被裝設在已知為「禿板」的蓋板條上。輪轉式蓋板覆蓋有板頂部的細起毛針點。也可能蓋板條以金屬頂部(即鋸齒起毛針)夾住而非彈性起毛針。基於兩組起毛針點之間的動作,提供了在不同組件上的起毛針點的相對方向,特別是滾輪。如第1圖中所示,在刺輥以及滾筒中的起毛針點的方向是相同的。因此其執行了剝除的動作。在主滾筒以及板頂部中的起毛針點是相反的。因此其執行了梳棉動作。為了執行好的梳棉動作,較佳的是,滾筒應以高速轉動,即以高表面速度,而輪轉式蓋板以較低的表面速度移動。 The detailed composition of the carding machine is shown in Figure 1. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture from impurities and separation of the fibers to an individual level. To help separate the fibers to an almost individual degree, the cylinders and bars in the card are covered with card clothing, which includes raising teeth of various sizes and shapes as required. These rollers and rods also operate at very close distances and at different surface speeds. In figure 1 a schematic side view of a card is shown. In Fig. 5 the main working rollers are shown to and sticks. In Figure 5 there is an enlarged view of the rotary cover. The card basically has three cylinders known as licker-in 1 , main carding cylinder 2 , doffer 4 shown in FIG. 1 . There are rods known as flat strips 5, which are mounted on the main drum and travel in a circular path around a part of the main drum. All three rollers are equipped with serrated raising needles with tightly packed coils so that the raising needle teeth extend radially on their surface. The cover strips are covered with elastic cover needles 3 made of steel, which are shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 5 and are known as "rotary cover". The top of the cover plate includes an elastic base on which napping nails of different types of cross-sections (ie ellipse, oval or flat) are pressed. The ends of the raising needles protruding from the elastic base are bent in such a way that they are opposite to those on the main roller of the rotary flat's movement. The tips of the linting pins are ground on the top as well as the sides to create a sharp linting point. The tops of these boards are mounted on cover strips known as "bald boards". The rotary cover plate is covered with fine napping points on top of the plate. It is also possible that the cover strips are gripped with metal tops (ie serrated napping pins) instead of elastic napping pins. Based on the movement between the two sets of napping points, the relative orientation of the napping points on different components, especially the rollers, is provided. As shown in Figure 1, the direction of the napping needle points in the licker-in roller and cylinder is the same. So it performs the action of stripping. The napping needle points in the main roller and in the top of the board are reversed. It thus performs a carding action. In order to perform a good carding action, preferably the drum should rotate at high speed, ie at a high surface speed, while the rotary flat moves at a lower surface speed.

當將材料進料至梳棉機時,首先滾輪中刺輥從進料滾輪取了小簇的纖維。這些小簇纖維藉由剝除動作被轉移至披覆有較細起毛針點的主滾筒。因此纖維簇被分佈在較高數目的起毛針點上以幫助主滾筒以及板頂部起毛針點之間的密集梳棉動作。從刺輥至滾筒的纖維轉移取決於各種因素,例如起毛針點的角度、兩個組件的相對表面速度以及最重要地兩個披覆表面之間的間隙/隔距。滾筒與刺輥之間、滾筒與板頂部6之間以及滾筒與落紗機7之間的間隙均勻度對於達到梳棉機的好的且一致的性能是非常關鍵且重要的。 When the material is fed to the card, first the licker-in in the roller takes small tufts of fibers from the feed roller. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum coated with finer napping points. The fiber tufts are thus distributed over a higher number of napping points to aid in the intensive carding action between the main cylinder and the napping points on top of the board. The fiber transfer from the licker-in to the cylinder depends on various factors such as the angle of the napping needle points, the relative surface speeds of the two components and most importantly the gap/gauge between the two cladding surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between drum and licker-in, drum and plate top 6 and drum and doffer 7 is very critical and important to achieve a good and consistent performance of the card.

在第2圖中示出了傳統的板配置,其中所有板被提供了在相同方向中的板起毛針齒。由於這樣的配置,在滾筒以及板之間梳棉的纖維被筆線地傳遞而沒有任何的轉向以在纖維束上產生張力以提供梳棉的進一步機會。 In figure 2 a conventional board arrangement is shown, where all boards are provided with board raising pins in the same direction. Due to this configuration, the fibers carded between the drum and the plates are passed linearly without any deflection to create tension on the fiber bundles to provide further opportunities for carding.

在第3圖中示出了改進的蓋板結構,其中具有不同方向鋸齒的蓋板被交替地放置,因此纖維從一個方向偏斜至另一個方向,由此纖維被伸張用於更好的梳棉且同樣地示於第3圖中。 An improved flat structure is shown in Fig. 3, where flats with different directional serrations are placed alternately, so the fibers are deflected from one direction to the other, whereby the fibers are stretched for better carding and are likewise shown in Fig. 3 .

在第4圖中已示出了蓋板起毛針以及滾筒鋸齒的細節。其示出了行動蓋板以及主要梳棉滾筒之間的梳棉動作,其中輪轉式蓋板披覆有板起毛針,且滾筒披覆有鋸齒。蓋板以逆時鐘轉動,且該滾筒以順時鐘轉動。 The details of the flat fluffing needles and roller serrations are shown in Figure 4. It shows the carding action between the moving flats and the main carding cylinder, where the rotary flats are covered with board raising needles and the cylinders are covered with serrations. The cover rotates counterclockwise and the drum rotates clockwise.

在第5圖中示出了板的完整單元。大約80至120個這樣的行動蓋板以鏈狀組合,並在滾筒上轉動,以至於兩者的板起毛針以接近的距離設置。 In Figure 5 a complete unit of the plate is shown. About 80 to 120 such action flats are combined in a chain and rotated on a roller so that the board raising needles of both are arranged at close distances.

優勢:Advantage:

可達到滾筒至蓋板頂部之間的加強纖維分開動作。 A separation action of the reinforcing fibers between the drum and the top of the deck is achieved.

降低梳棉機棉條中的糾結纖維(棉粒)。(梳棉機的輸出材料) Reduces entangled fibers (cotton grains) in card sliver. (Output material from carding machine)

Claims (6)

一種梳棉機,包括:(a)具有一滾筒軸並在其一周圍表面上攜帶一滾筒針布的一主要梳棉滾筒(2);該滾筒針布具有針布點;(b)行動蓋板(8),其沿著其一周圍長度部分與該主要梳棉滾筒協作;該行動蓋板包括(1)多個蓋板條(5),每個具有與該滾筒針布協作的一蓋板條針布;該蓋板條針布具有針布點;以及(2)用於在一循環路徑中一致地移動該些蓋板條(5)的驅動裝置,其具有該蓋板條針布與該滾筒針布協作所在的一工作腳以及一返回腳;該工作腳周繞著該主要梳棉滾筒的一部分延伸;其中該多個蓋板條(5)的每一個具有以在梳棉期間纖維從一個方向偏斜至另一個方向的一方式來放置的針布的螺旋的不同方向;以及其中,具有一個螺旋方向的兩個蓋板(8)被放置在蓋板頂部(6)上具有相反螺旋方向的兩個蓋板(8)之後,以至於在每兩個蓋板之後改變纖維的流動。 A carding machine comprising: (a) a main carding cylinder (2) having a cylinder shaft and carrying a cylinder clothing on a peripheral surface thereof; the cylinder clothing having clothing points; (b) a moving flat (8) cooperating with the main carding cylinder along a portion of its peripheral length; the moving flat comprising (1) a plurality of flat strips (5), each having a flat strip clothing cooperating with the cylinder clothing; the flat strip clothing having clothing points; 2) Drive means for moving the flat strips (5) in unison in a cycle path, having a working foot and a return foot where the flat strip clothing cooperates with the cylinder clothing; the working foot extends circumferentially around a part of the main carding cylinder; wherein each of the flat strips (5) has a different direction of the helix of the clothing placed in such a way that the fibers are deflected from one direction to another during carding; and wherein two flats (8) with one helical direction are placed on the flat After two cover plates (8) with opposite helical directions on the plate top (6), so that the flow of fibers is changed after every two cover plates. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的梳棉機,其中該纖維的方向從多個蓋板頂部(6)改變成具有不同螺旋的多個蓋板頂部(6)。 The carding machine as described in claim 1, wherein the direction of the fibers is changed from flat tops (6) to flat tops (6) with different spirals. 如申請專利範圍第3項所述的梳棉機,其中該蓋板條(5)針布中的該蓋板起毛針(3)的螺旋角度在0度以及89度之間變化。 The carding machine as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the helix angle of the flat raising needles (3) in the flat strip (5) card clothing varies between 0 degrees and 89 degrees. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的梳棉機,其中在具有鋸齒蓋板頂部(6)或具有蓋板起毛針(3)的蓋板條針布中提供了螺旋。 Carding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a spiral is provided in the flat strip clothing with serrated flat tops (6) or with flat raising needles (3). 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的梳棉機,其中相較於該行動蓋板(8),該主要梳棉滾筒(2)以較高的速度轉動,且該行動蓋板(8)逆時鐘轉動,且該主要梳棉滾筒(2)順時鐘轉動。 The carding machine described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the main carding cylinder (2) rotates at a higher speed than the moving flat (8), and the moving flat (8) rotates counterclockwise, and the main carding cylinder (2) rotates clockwise. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述的梳棉機,其中為了高速度梳棉以及棉粒的移除,該行動蓋板(8)被提供了強壯的基座以及鋒利的尖齒。 The carding machine as described in item 1 of the patent application, wherein for high-speed carding and removal of cotton particles, the mobile cover (8) is provided with a strong base and sharp tines.
TW106142363A 2016-12-05 2017-12-04 Carding machine with card flat TWI806845B (en)

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