TWI806845B - Carding machine with card flat - Google Patents

Abstract

A carding machine comprises a main carding cylinder having a cylinder axis and carrying a cylinder clothing on a circumferential surface thereof; said cylinder clothing having clothing points. The improved revolving flats with different helixes are cooperating with said main carding cylinder along a circumferential length portion thereof. A plurality of flat bars having flexible clothing either with saw or wire cooperating with said saw teethed cylinder clothing. The improvement is said plurality of flat bars having different direction of helix of clothing being placed with different sequence to deflect the fibers from one direction to another direction for better carding action.

Description

Carding machine with needle plate

The present invention relates to a needle bar for a carding machine. A major component in the carding process is the needle plate and its pattern of the flat raising needles which provide an important role in the carding function. In particular, the invention relates to the orientation of the flat raising needles of the needle boards of carding machines. In particular, the invention relates to an improved board with raising needles for a carding machine.

The spinning process involves washing and removing impurities present in the fibers, straightening (ie placing them parallel) and then spinning the fiber bundles in the yarn. The cleaning and straightening of the fibers is mainly done on the first two processing machines, the cleaning room and the carding machine. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture from impurities and separation of the fibers to an individual degree. To help separate the fibers to an almost individual degree in a carding machine, the main carding action takes place between rollers called card cylinders and plates covered with raising needles or serrations. Card cylinders are covered with raising needles of various sizes and shapes as required. These rollers and rods also run in close proximity and at different surface speeds. The figure shows a carding machine. The main working rollers and rods are mentioned in the 1st picture. In the drawing there is an enlarged view showing the revolving cover. The card mainly has three liquid wheels known as licker-in 1 , main card cylinder 2 , doffer 4 shown in the drawings. There are bars known as flat strips which are mounted on the main drum and act on a circulating path around a part of the main drum. All three cylinders are equipped with serrated raising needles with tightly packed coils so that the teeth of the raising needles extend radially on their surface. The cover strips are covered with plate tops shown in the enlarged scale drawings and are known as "rotary cover". The top of the cover plate includes a resilient base, in Raising needle fibers of different types of cross-section, ie oval, oval or flat, are pressed into the elastic base. The ends of the raising needles protruding from the elastic base are bent in the intended direction so that they are opposite to those on the main rollers of the movement of the rotary flat. The tips of the linting pins are ground on the top as well as the sides to create a sharp linting point. These deck tops are mounted on deck strips known as "bald decks". The rotating cover is covered with fine napping points on top of the cover. Based on the movement between the two sets of napping points, the relative orientation of the napping points on different components, especially the rollers, is provided. As shown in Figure 1, the direction of the napping needle points in the licker-in roller and cylinder is the same. So it performs the action of stripping. The napping points in the main drum and in the top of the flat are reversed. It thus performs a carding action. In order to perform a good carding action, preferably the drum should rotate at high speed, ie at a high surface speed, while the rotary flat moves at a lower surface speed.

When the material is fed to the card, first the licker-in in the roller takes small tufts of fibers from the feed roller. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum coated with finer napping points. The fiber tufts are therefore distributed over a higher number of napping points to aid in the strong carding action between the main cylinder and the napping points on top of the board. The fiber transfer from the licker-in to the cylinder depends on various factors such as the angle of the napping needle points, the relative surface speeds of the two components and most importantly the gap/gauge between the two cladding surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between the cylinder and the licker-in 1, between the cylinder and the flat top 6 and between the cylinder and the doffer 4 is very critical and important to achieve a good and consistent performance of the card. In addition, the direction of the napping needle point at the top of the board is also very important, since the main carding action takes place between the carding cylinder and the top of the flat. As is well known in the textile industry, carding is the heart of spinning. High output in carding to save process leads to reduction of yarn quality. The purpose of carding is to open fiber tufts into individual fibers, clean or eliminate impurities, reduce lint (entangled fibers), eliminate dust, eliminate short fibers, blend fibers, straighten or align fibers, and form a sliver. So very important are the card cylinders and the clothings on top of the boards. In existing systems, all 80 to 110 plates are provided with unidirectional clothing. Due to this With this configuration, the carding action is not satisfactory. This is a major disadvantage of the carding action. In the improved system, the fluffing needles of the cover plate are not unidirectional.

purpose of invention

A main purpose of the present invention is to remove the above-mentioned disadvantages.

A further object is to change the direction of the raising needles of the card clothing as required in order to perform an even carding.

A further aim is to alternately place the top of the board by changing the direction of the clothing on top of the board.

Another purpose is to maintain the carding action evenly.

Another purpose is to produce more uniform slivers.

These and other advantages of the present invention will become immediately apparent from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Summary of the invention

The following presents a simplified Summary of the Invention to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the invention. This summary is not an extensive overview of the invention. It is not intended to identify key/critical elements of the invention or to delineate the scope of the invention. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts of the invention in a simplified form as a prelude to the more detailed description of the invention that is presented later.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a card comprising: (a) a main carding cylinder having a cylinder shaft and carrying a cylinder clothing on its peripheral surface; the cylinder clothing having clothing points; (b) an active flat cooperating with the main card cylinder along a portion of its peripheral length; the active flat comprising (1) a plurality of flat strips, each having a flat strip clothing cooperating with the cylinder clothing; (2) Drive means for moving the flat strip in unison in a circulating path, having a working foot on which the flat strip clothing cooperates with the cylinder clothing and a return foot; the working foot extending around a portion of the main carding cylinder; wherein each of the plurality of flat strips has a different helical direction of alternately placed clothings to deflect fibers from one direction to the other.

Other aspects, advantages and salient features of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention disclosed in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

An in-depth analysis of all operating elements of the carding element has been carried out with regard to the influence on the carding performance. It was found that the "drum plate" area is clearly the most efficient area of the card for the actions described below.

1. In order to open fiber clusters into individual fibers

2. Cleaning or elimination of impurities

3. Reduction of cotton grains (entangled fibers)

4. Dust removal

5. Elimination of short fibers

6. Fiber blending

7. Fiber straightening or straightening

8. Sliver formation (card output material)

According to carding theory, it is possible to untangle 75% of all cotton grains, and in fact approximately 60% of these are untwisted. Of the remaining 40%, 30-33% of the non-bondable cotton is passed along with the sliver, 5-6% is removed with the slats, and the remaining 2-4% is eliminated with the waste.

The main work of the card is to separate the individual fibers, which is performed between the main cylinder and the flats. Only with this fibrous separation is it possible to eliminate fine dust particles as well as dust.

The improved pattern for the top routing of the cover is in a left-to-right direction.

Traditional system:

Depending on the card configuration, each card will have a number of 80-110 rotary flat tops. The napping points in the top of the cover plate are arranged in such a way as to create a canal-like path, so that the individualized fibers will follow that path. In general any material flow will try to take the easiest path to flow easily.

When the raising needle points are only in one direction, the fibers will always flow in one direction - eg right helical direction, the carding action is limited to a unidirectional fiber flow. The fibers are thus passed in the gap and will not be carded further effectively. Furthermore, in conventional configurations, within a few top motions, the fibers remain in one direction. The other tops will be in idle state. Fibers in unidirectional flow are shown in Figure 2. So the fibers will not be carded efficiently.

The proposed system:

In this new structure, by relocating the needle in this second top in the top of the next entry action, the canal path is turned in the opposite direction - assuming a left helix. The fiber stream is dispersed/twisted and aids in further bonding. It is expected that the fiber bundles will be loosened and separated into many paths.

Again, the third top will come into motion turning the fiber flow in a right helical direction. This deflection will continue to occur during the carding process (in such a way that the fibers are deflected from one direction to another during carding).

Due to the change in the helical pattern of the clothing, the fibers are deflected from at least one plate to the next.

The direction of the fibers is changed from a plurality of cover plate tops to a plurality of cover plate tops with different helixes, preferably two plates with one helix direction are placed after two plates with different direction helixes on the cover plate tops so that the flow of fibers is changed after every two plates.

The helix angle of the raising wires varies between 0 degrees and an 89 degree helix, which is provided in flat wires with sawtooth plate tops or with flat needles.

In the new configuration, in each top there will be tension on the fibers during their contact with the teeth of the card cylinder. Fibers flowing in both directions are shown in Figure 3.

1: licker-in roller

2: Main carding cylinder

3: Cover raising needle

4/7: Doffer

5: Cover strip

6: Top of the cover

8: Action cover

The above and other aspects, features and advantages of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be more apparent from the following description in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of a card shown in detailed assembly.

Figure 2 shows a plan view of a traditional unidirectional pattern on top of the board.

Fig. 3 shows a plan view of the proposed improved alternating configuration plate with bi-directional plate tops.

Fig. 4 shows the detailed plate configuration in conjunction with the card cylinder.

Figure 5 shows the plate top with a right-hand helical orientation.

Figure 6 shows a plate top with a right helix.

Skilled artisans will appreciate that elements in the drawings are illustrated for simplicity and clarity and may not have been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help to improve understanding of various exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. Throughout the drawings, it should be noted that like reference numerals are used to depict the same or similar elements, features, and structures.

With reference to the accompanying drawings, the following description is provided to aid in a comprehensive understanding of exemplary embodiments of the present invention as defined by their equivalents. It includes various specific details to aid in understanding but these are to be regarded as exemplary only.

Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications of the embodiments described herein can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. Also, descriptions of well-known functions and constructions are omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The terms and words used in the following description are not limited to bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used by the inventor to enable a clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Therefore, it should be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustration purposes only and not for limiting the invention as defined by their equivalents.

It is to be understood that the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

If used in this document, by the term "substantially" it means that the recited characteristic, parameter or value need not be exactly achieved, but deviations or variations in the amount of effect from which the characteristic is intended to provide may not be excluded, including, for example, tolerances, measurement errors, limitations of measurement accuracy, and other factors known to those skilled in the art.

Features described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment can be used in the same or similar manner in one or more other embodiments and/or in combination with or instead of features of other embodiments.

It should be emphasized that when used in this specification, the word "comprises/(comprising)" is used to specify the existence of stated features, integers, steps or components, but does not exclude the existence or addition of one or more other features, individual entities, steps, components or groups thereof.

The detailed composition of the carding machine is shown in Figure 1. The carding process involves extensive cleaning of the fiber mixture from impurities and separation of the fibers to an individual level. To help separate the fibers to an almost individual degree, the cylinders and bars in the card are covered with card clothing, which includes raising teeth of various sizes and shapes as required. These rollers and rods also operate at very close distances and at different surface speeds. In figure 1 a schematic side view of a card is shown. In Fig. 5 the main working rollers are shown to and sticks. In Figure 5 there is an enlarged view of the rotary cover. The card basically has three cylinders known as licker-in 1 , main carding cylinder 2 , doffer 4 shown in FIG. 1 . There are rods known as flat strips 5, which are mounted on the main drum and travel in a circular path around a part of the main drum. All three rollers are equipped with serrated raising needles with tightly packed coils so that the raising needle teeth extend radially on their surface. The cover strips are covered with elastic cover needles 3 made of steel, which are shown on an enlarged scale in FIG. 5 and are known as "rotary cover". The top of the cover plate includes an elastic base on which napping nails of different types of cross-sections (ie ellipse, oval or flat) are pressed. The ends of the raising needles protruding from the elastic base are bent in such a way that they are opposite to those on the main roller of the rotary flat's movement. The tips of the linting pins are ground on the top as well as the sides to create a sharp linting point. The tops of these boards are mounted on cover strips known as "bald boards". The rotary cover plate is covered with fine napping points on top of the plate. It is also possible that the cover strips are gripped with metal tops (ie serrated napping pins) instead of elastic napping pins. Based on the movement between the two sets of napping points, the relative orientation of the napping points on different components, especially the rollers, is provided. As shown in Figure 1, the direction of the napping needle points in the licker-in roller and cylinder is the same. So it performs the action of stripping. The napping needle points in the main roller and in the top of the board are reversed. It thus performs a carding action. In order to perform a good carding action, preferably the drum should rotate at high speed, ie at a high surface speed, while the rotary flat moves at a lower surface speed.

When the material is fed to the card, first the licker-in in the roller takes small tufts of fibers from the feed roller. These small tufts of fibers are transferred by a stripping action to a main drum coated with finer napping points. The fiber tufts are thus distributed over a higher number of napping points to aid in the intensive carding action between the main cylinder and the napping points on top of the board. The fiber transfer from the licker-in to the cylinder depends on various factors such as the angle of the napping needle points, the relative surface speeds of the two components and most importantly the gap/gauge between the two cladding surfaces. The uniformity of the gap between drum and licker-in, drum and plate top 6 and drum and doffer 7 is very critical and important to achieve a good and consistent performance of the card.

In figure 2 a conventional board arrangement is shown, where all boards are provided with board raising pins in the same direction. Due to this configuration, the fibers carded between the drum and the plates are passed linearly without any deflection to create tension on the fiber bundles to provide further opportunities for carding.

An improved flat structure is shown in Fig. 3, where flats with different directional serrations are placed alternately, so the fibers are deflected from one direction to the other, whereby the fibers are stretched for better carding and are likewise shown in Fig. 3 .

The details of the flat fluffing needles and roller serrations are shown in Figure 4. It shows the carding action between the moving flats and the main carding cylinder, where the rotary flats are covered with board raising needles and the cylinders are covered with serrations. The cover rotates counterclockwise and the drum rotates clockwise.

In Figure 5 a complete unit of the plate is shown. About 80 to 120 such action flats are combined in a chain and rotated on a roller so that the board raising needles of both are arranged at close distances.

Advantage:

A separation action of the reinforcing fibers between the drum and the top of the deck is achieved.

Reduces entangled fibers (cotton grains) in card sliver. (Output material from carding machine)

Claims (6)

A carding machine comprising: (a) a main carding cylinder (2) having a cylinder shaft and carrying a cylinder clothing on a peripheral surface thereof; the cylinder clothing having clothing points; (b) a moving flat (8) cooperating with the main carding cylinder along a portion of its peripheral length; the moving flat comprising (1) a plurality of flat strips (5), each having a flat strip clothing cooperating with the cylinder clothing; the flat strip clothing having clothing points; 2) Drive means for moving the flat strips (5) in unison in a cycle path, having a working foot and a return foot where the flat strip clothing cooperates with the cylinder clothing; the working foot extends circumferentially around a part of the main carding cylinder; wherein each of the flat strips (5) has a different direction of the helix of the clothing placed in such a way that the fibers are deflected from one direction to another during carding; and wherein two flats (8) with one helical direction are placed on the flat After two cover plates (8) with opposite helical directions on the plate top (6), so that the flow of fibers is changed after every two cover plates. The carding machine as described in claim 1, wherein the direction of the fibers is changed from flat tops (6) to flat tops (6) with different spirals. The carding machine as described in item 3 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the helix angle of the flat raising needles (3) in the flat strip (5) card clothing varies between 0 degrees and 89 degrees. Carding machine as claimed in claim 1, wherein a spiral is provided in the flat strip clothing with serrated flat tops (6) or with flat raising needles (3). The carding machine described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the main carding cylinder (2) rotates at a higher speed than the moving flat (8), and the moving flat (8) rotates counterclockwise, and the main carding cylinder (2) rotates clockwise. The carding machine as described in item 1 of the patent application, wherein for high-speed carding and removal of cotton particles, the mobile cover (8) is provided with a strong base and sharp tines.