CN110055152A - Fermentation process and system - Google Patents
Fermentation process and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110055152A CN110055152A CN201910106535.XA CN201910106535A CN110055152A CN 110055152 A CN110055152 A CN 110055152A CN 201910106535 A CN201910106535 A CN 201910106535A CN 110055152 A CN110055152 A CN 110055152A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12J—VINEGAR; PREPARATION OR PURIFICATION THEREOF
- C12J1/00—Vinegar; Preparation or purification thereof
- C12J1/04—Vinegar; Preparation or purification thereof from alcohol
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12J—VINEGAR; PREPARATION OR PURIFICATION THEREOF
- C12J1/00—Vinegar; Preparation or purification thereof
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Abstract
Fermentation process and system.Method for brewing vinegar, including acetic fermentation step are provided, including acetobacter is added to alcoholic liquid, carries out acetic fermentation to obtain liquid containing vinegar fermentation, the alcoholic liquid is the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid；And separating step, slag-liquid separation is carried out to obtain original vinegar to the liquid containing vinegar fermentation.It additionally provides and makes vinegar system, including acetic fermentation reactor, with slag-liquid separation device, the acetic fermentation reactor can use the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid and ferment to obtain acetic acid, and the slag-liquid separation device is in the acetic fermentation reactor downstream.
Description
Technical field
The application is usually directed to fermentation process and system；More specifically, this application involves method for brewing vinegar and system.
Background technique
Vinegar, ancient Chinese character is " jealous woman ", and makees " acyl "." Rites of the Zhou Dynasty " have the record of " the total acyl object of the acyl people palm ", it has been confirmed that China's food
The vinegar Western Zhou Dynasty is existing.Important Arts for the People's Welfare describe big jealous woman, 22 kinds of husked sorghum mind jealous woman etc. vinegar method processed altogether when to the Northern Wei Dynasty.Tang and Song Dynasty with
Come, due to the progress and development of microorganism and koji-making technology, until the Ming Dynasty has point of yeast, Chinese yeast and red yeast rice.
The modern production of vinegar includes artificial synthesized method, zymotechnics, and zymotechnics includes process for solid state fermentation and liquid state fermentation side
Method.Some enterprises use the wine vinegar technique of traditional solid state fermentation, its advantage is that unique flavor, but fermentation efficiency is relatively low.
Liquid submerged fermentation is mainly used in the vinegar maker skill of German Frings, and Japanese then ferment using liquid surface, advantage is hair
Ferment efficiency is relatively high, but flavor is relatively single.
With the fast development of China's economic, the living standard and quality of the people is significantly improved, and is resolving adequate food and clothing
Consumer has a big promotion the attention rate of healthy food after problem.Synthesize the vinegar wind of vinegar or simple liquid fermenting and producing
Taste is single, is unable to satisfy growing demand, solid state fermentation efficiency is again lower, and the production cycle is long.This field needs development one
The fermentation process and corollary system of the abundant flavor of the generation of kind Rapid Fermentation.
Summary of the invention
This application provides the installation for fermentings that can at least partly solve the above problem in the prior art.
On the one hand, the application provides method for brewing vinegar, comprising: acetic fermentation step, including vinegar is added to alcoholic liquid
Acidfast bacilli, carries out acetic fermentation to obtain liquid containing vinegar fermentation, and the alcoholic liquid is contains alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid
Semifluid；And separating step, slag-liquid separation is carried out to obtain original vinegar to the liquid containing vinegar fermentation.
In one embodiment, the acetic fermentation step is ventilated by pressurization.In one embodiment, described to contain
Alcohol liquid is obtained by alcoholic fermentation step.In one embodiment, the alcoholic liquid is that edible alcohol and paste are former
The mixture of material.
In one embodiment, the alcoholic fermentation step includes that yeast is added into saccharified liquid, carry out alcoholic fermentation with
Obtain alcoholic liquid.In one embodiment, the alcoholic fermentation step be stage fermentation, aerobic fermentation 6-12 hours, nothing
Aerobe fermentation 5-20 days.In one embodiment, the alcoholic fermentation step is hot fermentation.In one embodiment, the wine
The fermentation temperature of essence fermentation is 28-45 DEG C.In one embodiment, the temperature of the alcoholic fermentation is 35-40 DEG C.
In one embodiment, the saccharified liquid is obtained by saccharification step, and the saccharification step includes to paste raw material
Middle one section of digestion time of addition catalyzed by amylase, is then added carbohydrase, and be saccharified one section of saccharificatinn period；
In one embodiment, the saccharification step further includes that the paste raw material is made to boil after the digestion time
The step of.In one embodiment, the step of addition amylase executes two or more times.
In one embodiment, the paste raw material is obtained by broken raw material, and the raw material is selected from: starch-containing material and
Material containing glycogen.In one embodiment, the starch-containing material is selected from starch-containing agricultural product or containing sugared agricultural product.In an embodiment party
In formula, the raw material is selected from grain class, greengrocery or fruits.In one embodiment, the starch-containing material includes: to form sediment
Powder, sweet potato, potato, corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, millet, wheat bran, malt.In one embodiment, the rice includes
Glutinous rice, polished rice.In one embodiment, the material containing glycogen includes: fruit, honey.In one embodiment, the fruit packet
Include tangerine, hawthorn, apple, pears, grape, pineapple, peach, persimmon, jujube, tomato.In one embodiment, be crushed raw material the step of include to
In raw material plus water, the step of to obtain paste raw material.
In one embodiment, the above method further includes the tune salt step after the acetic fermentation step, including to
Concentration of the sodium chloride to 1w/v% to 3w/v% is added in the fermentation liquid.In one embodiment, the method includes described
The slow ripe step after salt step is adjusted, the slow ripe step includes that fermentation liquid is made to store one slow ripe time under aerobic environment.
In one embodiment, the slow ripe step carries out under controlled temperature conditions.
In one embodiment, the method includes the adaptation step after separating step, the adaptation step include to
Spice is added in the original vinegar, impregnates one allotment time.
On the other hand, described this application provides wine vinegar system, including acetic fermentation reactor and slag-liquid separation device
Acetic fermentation reactor can use the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid and ferment to obtain acetic acid, described
Slag-liquid separation device is in the acetic fermentation reactor downstream.
In one embodiment, the connection of the slag-liquid separation device and the acetic fermentation reactor allows containing at least
The semifluid of 3w/v% solid passes through.
In one embodiment, the system comprises central processing unit, the acetic fermentation reactor includes cavity (1),
The heat conducting device (11) being mounted on the cavity, temperature sensor (21), liquid surface height sensor (22), and be mounted on
The inlet duct (12) of cavity (1) bottom, the inlet duct (12) are connected to supercharging device (13)；The central processing
Signal of the device reception from the temperature sensor (21), the liquid surface height sensor (22), the time started according to fermentation,
Supercharging device (13) described in the intracorporal temperature of chamber and the intracorporal liquid surface height controlling of the chamber, to adjust the inlet duct
(12) air inlet rate.
In one embodiment, the acetic fermentation reactor further includes feed inlet (14).In one embodiment, described
Reactor further includes discharge port (15).
In one embodiment, the reactor further includes mechanical stirring device.
In one embodiment, the heat conducting device includes heating device, cooling device.In one embodiment, institute
Stating heat conducting device includes coil pipe, and collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, cooling rod, in one embodiment, the coil pipe includes
Inner coil pipe and outer coil pipe.In one embodiment, the reactor includes more set heat conducting devices.In one embodiment, institute
Stating more set heat conducting devices includes coil pipe, collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, any combination of cooling rod.In an embodiment
In, the reactor further includes insulating layer.
In one embodiment, the temperature sensor (21) is mounted on the top, middle part or bottom of the cavity (1),
Or the temperature sensor (21) floating in the cavity (1).
In one embodiment, the liquid surface height sensor (22) is selected from: buoy, positioned at the pressure of the cavity bottom
Sensor, altimeter.
In one embodiment, the inlet duct is located at the acetic fermentation reactor bottom center.In an embodiment party
In formula, flowmeter is installed on the inlet duct.In one embodiment, heating or cold is connected on the inlet duct
But device.In one embodiment, the inlet duct is connect with air-source, cold air source or vapour source.
In one embodiment, the inlet duct is rotating air suction device, including rotor, stator and driving mechanism, institute
It states rotor and is pivotably connected to the stator, the driving mechanism and the rotor are sequentially connected, the gas-liquid slot of the stator
It is connected to the rotation chamber of the rotor and the cavity, the outlet of the fixation chamber and the supercharging device of the rotor connects
It is logical.
In one embodiment, the rotor is straight leaf rotor.In one embodiment, the rotor includes three fans
Leaf, four flabellums, five flabellums, six flabellums, seven flabellums, eight flabellums or more flabellum.In one embodiment, institute
The length for stating flabellum is 15-50cm；The length of the optionally described flabellum is 15-45cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-40cm；
The length of the flabellum is 15-35cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-30cm；The length of the flabellum is 20-50cm；It is described
The length of flabellum is 25-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-35cm；Optionally institute
State flabellum length be 15,16,17,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,
37,38,39 or 40cm；
In one embodiment, the structure of the rotating air suction device is the rotating air suction knot of Frings apparatus for acetic acid fermentation tank
Structure.
In one embodiment, the system also includes the alcoholic fermentation reactions for being located at acetic fermentation reactor upstream
Device.In one embodiment, the alcoholic fermentation reactor includes: alcoholic fermentation cavity, for accommodating raw material；Stage measurement is set
It is standby, it configures to measure fermentation stage locating for the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber；Oxygen supply equipment, configuration is with to described
The intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber provides oxygen；Temperature equipment is configured to adjust the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber
Temperature；And control equipment is calculated, oxygen supply rate required for being calculated according to the fermentation stage of stage sensing equipment measurement, and
The oxygen supply equipment is controlled to provide oxygen with oxygen supply rate calculated, and calculating control equipment is according to the stage
The fermentation stage of sensing equipment measurement controls the temperature equipment to adjust the temperature of the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber,
In, raw material includes solid-liquid mixture raw material.
In one embodiment, the system also includes the saccharification reactors for being located at alcoholic fermentation reactor upstream.
In one embodiment, the saccharification reactor includes: saccharification cavity；The shaft being vertically arranged in the saccharification cavity；The
One fan blades comprising: diagonal blade in a pair first horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；A pair first is lower diagonal
Blade horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft, wherein diagonal blade on diagonal blade and described first under described first
Vertical projection be overlapped；With a pair of first vertical blade is right on diagonal blade and described first under being connected to described first
Between the blade of angle；Second fan blades is located under first fan blades and intersects with first fan blades, the second fan blades packet
Include: diagonal blade in a pair second horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Diagonal blade under a pair second, horizontally
And be relatively connected to the shaft, wherein under described second on diagonal blade and described second diagonal blade vertical projection
It is overlapped；With, a pair of second vertical blade, under being connected to described second on diagonal blade and described second diagonal blade it
Between；Four upper edge blades, horizontal extension and be connected on described second diagonal blade and the first vertical blade it
Between；And four lower edge blades, horizontal extension and diagonal blade and the second vertical leaf under being connected to described first
Between piece.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 provides the flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 provides the schematic diagram of apparatus for acetic acid fermentation tank of the invention；
Fig. 3 provides the schematic diagram of agitating device of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Various aspects of the reference attached drawing to the application are made more detailed description by the application in order to better understand.It answers
Understand, the only description to the illustrative embodiments of the application is described in detail in these, rather than limits the application in any way
Range.In the specification, the identical element of identical reference numbers.Stating "and/or" includes associated institute
Any and all combinations of one or more of list of items.
It should be noted that in this application, the first, second equal statements are only used for separating a feature and another characteristic area
Come, without indicating any restrictions to feature.Therefore, without departing substantially from teachings of the present application, discussed below
One position is also known as the second position, and the second position is also known as first position.
In the accompanying drawings, for ease of description, angle, the size or shape etc. of certain components are slightly exaggerated.Attached drawing is only
It is for example and non-critical drawn to scale.
It will also be appreciated that term " comprising ", " including ", " having ", "comprising" and/or " including ", when in this theory
It indicates there is stated feature, element and/or component when using in bright book, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more
Other feature, component, assembly unit and/or their combination.In addition, ought the statement of such as at least one of " ... " appear in institute
When after the list of column feature, entire listed feature is modified, rather than modifies the individual component in list.In addition, when describing this
When the embodiment of application, " one or more embodiments of the application " are indicated using "available".Also, term " illustrative "
It is intended to refer to example or illustration.
Unless otherwise defined, otherwise all terms (including technical terms and scientific words) used herein all have with
The application one skilled in the art's is generally understood identical meaning.It will also be appreciated that term (such as in everyday words
Term defined in allusion quotation) it should be interpreted as having and their consistent meanings of meaning in the context of the relevant technologies, and
It will not be explained with idealization or excessively formal sense, unless clear herein so limit.
It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, the features in the embodiments and the embodiments of the present application can phase
Mutually combination.Be described in detail the application below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, and the feature to the application, principle and other
Aspect is described in detail.
It can be used for making vinegar according to the application illustrative embodiments installation for fermenting, such as, but not limited to, mature vinegar, aromatic vinegar, bran
Vinegar, fruit vinegar etc., and a variety of different materials can be used, such as starch-containing material and material containing glycogen, for example, starch-containing or sugared
Agricultural product, grain class, greengrocery, fruit.The starch-containing material includes: starch, sweet potato, potato, corn, sorghum, rice,
Wheat, millet, wheat bran, malt.In one embodiment, the rice includes glutinous rice, polished rice.In one embodiment, described
Material containing glycogen includes: fruit, honey.In one embodiment, the fruit include tangerine, hawthorn, apple, pears, grape, pineapple,
Peach, persimmon, jujube, tomato.In following exemplary embodiment, by taking potato as an example, but not limited to this.
The fermentation process of the application includes acetic fermentation step, including acetobacter is added to alcoholic liquid, carries out vinegar
For acid fermentation to obtain liquid containing vinegar fermentation, the alcoholic liquid is the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid；With point
From step, slag-liquid separation is carried out to obtain original vinegar to the liquid containing vinegar fermentation.The fermentation process of the application will include certain raw material
The alcoholic liquid direct fermentation of solid can introduce a large amount of flavor substances during acetic fermentation, so as to improve gained
Vinegar liquid quality.In addition, the application is semifluid fermentation, the low technical problem of the fermentation efficiency of solid fermentation is also avoided,
It can remain to obtain the fermentation vinegar liquid of high quality while reducing fermentation time with Rapid Fermentation.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, the fermentation process according to the application illustrative embodiments includes:
Step 101, raw material is cleaned, is then fed into crusher, be crushed, to obtain paste raw material.It cleans and broken
Method be well known to those skilled in the art, details are not described herein.
Step 102, paste raw material is added in saccharification reactor, being added with water to content of starch is 18% to 30%, with
The amount of dry matter in paste raw material: amylase is added in the ratio that amylase is 1:1 ‰ to 1:3 ‰, and raw material is made to liquefy.
In some embodiments, the step of being liquefied carries out under stiring.
In this step, can be used screw pump by paste raw material from be added in crusher saccharification reactor in.One
In a little embodiments, the step of amylase is added, is executed twice, to promote the abundant liquefaction of paste raw material.Be added amylase into
Paste raw material is heated to boiling after row liquefaction, and is kept for 15-30 minutes, to promote the liquefaction of raw material, rapid forced cooling
To 60 DEG C.
In some embodiments, amylase is added during heating paste raw material, is 30 in paste material temperature
DEG C when be added amylase total amount 50%, continue heat paste raw material, paste material temperature be 60 DEG C when be added amylase it is total
The 50% of amount.Then paste raw material is heated to boiling, is kept for 15-30 minutes, rapid forced cooling is to 60 DEG C.
In some embodiments, saccharification reactor includes saccharification cavity；It is vertically arranged in the saccharification cavity and turns
Axis；First fan blades comprising: diagonal blade in a pair first horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Under a pair first
Diagonal blade horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft, wherein diagonal on diagonal blade and described first under described first
The vertical projection of blade is overlapped；With, a pair of first vertical blade, diagonal blade and described first under being connected to described first
Between upper diagonal blade；Second fan blades is located under first fan blades and intersects with first fan blades, second fan blades
Include: diagonal blade in a pair second, horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Diagonal blade under a pair second, it is horizontal
Ground and be relatively connected to the shaft, wherein under described second on diagonal blade and described second diagonal blade vertical throwing
Shadow is overlapped；With, a pair of second vertical blade, under being connected to described second on diagonal blade and described second diagonal blade it
Between；Four upper edge blades, horizontal extension and be connected on described second diagonal blade and the first vertical blade it
Between；And four lower edge blades, horizontal extension and diagonal blade and the second vertical leaf under being connected to described first
Between piece.
Step 103, carbohydrase is added into saccharification reactor, concentration is the 1 ‰ to 3 ‰ of dry matter, controls temperature in 40-
60 DEG C, continue 1 hour, be then cooled to 30 DEG C -40 DEG C rapidly, to promote the saccharification of paste raw material, to obtain saccharified liquid.
In step 103, it is stirred while reaction by the agitating device for the reactor that is saccharified.
Step 104, the saccharified liquid after saccharification is added in alcoholic fermentation reactor, yeast is added, yeast amount is dry
The 1 ‰ to 3 ‰ of matter carry out alcoholic fermentation, to obtain the alcoholic liquid containing solid.
In this step, it can ventilate into alcoholic fermentation reactor to carry out aerobic fermentation.In some embodiments,
Air inflow is stage air inlet in alcoholic fermentation process, and intake velocity 0.5m3/h guarantees dissolved oxygen rate for the tank of 25t.Temperature
Low, increasing air inflow is spent, when the temperature is excessively high, reduction air inflow, and start cooling device.In general, inlet period is each
15 minutes, every 2 hour air inlets were primary.According to fermentation situation, stop air inlet after 6-12 hours.Pol reduce, alcoholic strength compared with
Oxygen feeding stop when high, carries out spontaneous fermentation, and the entire alcoholic fermentation process of fermentation temperature continues 5-20 days.
In some embodiments, alcoholic fermentation step is hot fermentation, optionally, the fermentation temperature of the alcoholic fermentation
It is 28-45 DEG C, optionally, the temperature of the alcoholic fermentation is 35-45 DEG C, is optionally 28-36 DEG C or 35-40 DEG C.
Step 105, alcoholic liquid is added in acetic fermentation reactor, adjusts alcoholic strength to 8 ° to 13 °, vinegar is added
Sour bacterium carries out acetic fermentation.
The oxygen-supplying amount of fermentation is kept by charged air induction during acetic fermentation.In some embodiments, described
System includes central processing unit, and the acetic fermentation reactor includes cavity (1), the heat conducting device being mounted on the cavity
(11), temperature sensor (21), liquid surface height sensor (22), and it is mounted on the inlet duct of the cavity (1) bottom
(12), the inlet duct (12) is connected to supercharging device (13)；The central processing unit, which receives, comes from the temperature sensor
(21), the signal of the liquid surface height sensor (22), time, the intracorporal temperature of the chamber and the chamber started according to fermentation
Supercharging device described in intracorporal liquid surface height controlling (13), to adjust the air inlet rate of the inlet duct (12).In some implementations
Mode, the acetic fermentation reactor further include feed inlet (14)；In some embodiments, the reactor includes discharge port
(15).In some embodiments, the reactor further includes water inlet；In some embodiments, the reactor also wraps
Include exhaust outlet；In some embodiments, the reactor further includes mechanical stirring device.
It can use gas by bottom inflow and carry out certain stirring to fermented liquid, meanwhile, it, can if undermixing
It is stirred with the additional mechanical stirring device by reactor.
Optionally, the liquid surface height sensor is selected from: buoy, the pressure sensor positioned at the cavity bottom, height
Meter.
In some embodiments, flowmeter is installed on the inlet duct.During the fermentation, by monitoring cavity
Interior temperature calculates fermentating liquid volume according to liquid level, and referring to fermentation time, central processing unit control connects with inlet duct
Logical pressurizing device, so that air inlet rate is controlled, to control the speed of acetic fermentation.In some embodiments, 25 tons are sent out
For fermentation tank, the control of air inlet rate is in 0.5m3/h when fermentation starts, and for about 5-6 hours, ferment middle air inflow was 1.5m3/h,
For about 10-15 hours, fermentation later period air inflow was 3m3/h, for about 10-25 hours.Specifically, according to temperature sensor institute
Temperature adjusts air inflow in the round of detection.Temperature increases air inflow when being lower than desired temperature, temperature is higher than desired temperature
Air inflow is reduced when range.Fermentation time can about need 30-40 hours according to expected step estimation, fermentation completely.Alternatively,
Alcoholic strength in round can be monitored, continues to terminate acetic fermentation when monitoring cycle no longer declines twice in alcoholic strength.
In some embodiments, the inlet duct is rotating air suction device, including rotor, stator and driving mechanism,
The rotor is pivotably connected to the stator, and the driving mechanism and the rotor are sequentially connected, the gas-liquid of the stator
Slot is connected to the rotation chamber of the rotor and the cavity, and the outlet of the fixation chamber and the supercharging device of the rotor connects
It is logical.
In some embodiments, the rotor is straight leaf rotor.In some embodiments, the rotor includes three
Flabellum, four flabellums, five flabellums, six flabellums, seven flabellums, eight flabellums or more flabellum.In some embodiments
In, the length of the flabellum is 15-50cm；The length of the optionally described flabellum is 15-45cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-
40cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-35cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-30cm；The length of the flabellum is 20-50cm；
The length of the flabellum is 25-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-35cm.One
In a little embodiments, the length of the optionally described flabellum is 15,16,17,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,
30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39 or 40cm.
The structure of the rotating air suction device is the rotating air suction device of Frings apparatus for acetic acid fermentation tank.
Optionally, acetic fermentation reactor includes heat conducting device, such as heating device, cooling device.Optionally, described
Heat conducting device includes coil pipe, collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, cooling rod, and optionally, the coil pipe includes inner coil pipe and outer
Coil pipe；Optionally, the reactor includes more set heat conducting devices；Optionally, more set heat conducting devices include coil pipe, folder
Set, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, any combination of cooling rod；Optionally, the reactor further includes insulating layer.Heat conducting device
The temperature for controlling acetic fermentation reactor can be helped also to avoid temperature excessively high to avoid the too low fermenting speed of temperature excessively slow
Cause acetic acid bacteria dead.In some embodiments, heating or cooling device is connected on the inlet duct；Optionally,
The inlet duct is connect with air-source, cold air source or vapour source.By by inlet duct and heating device or cooling device
Series connection, so as to introduce hot-air or cold air into reactor, the temperature being more convenient in reactor is controlled.In some implementations
In scheme, the temperature of acetic fermentation reactor is controlled at 26 DEG C -40 DEG C.
Optionally, the temperature sensor (21) be mounted on the cavity (1) top, middle part or bottom or the temperature
Spend sensor (21) floating in the cavity (1).
Alcoholic liquid used in acetic fermentation step is the alcoholic fermentation reaction solution for including raw material residue.By the inclusion of
Raw material residue can introduce a large amount of flavor substances, during acetic fermentation so as to improve the flavor of vinegar liquid.
Step 106, acetic acid fermentation liquid is exported to slow ripening reaction device, sodium chloride is added extremely in Xiang Suoshu acetic acid fermentation liquid
The concentration of 1w/v% to 3w/v%.By adjusting salt, acetic acid bacteria can be killed, to stop fermentation process.
Optionally, acetic acid fermentation liquid can be stored to a period of time after adjusting salt step under aerobic environment, so that vinegar
Liquid is ripe slowly.Due to the still residue containing initial raw material and a certain amount of acetic acid bacteria in acetic acid fermentation liquid, it is slow it is ripe during can
To further increase the flavor substance in vinegar liquid, the acidity of acetic acid fermentation liquid also can be further improved.In some embodiments
In, slow ripe process carries out under controlled temperature conditions.In some embodiments, slow ripe process control is at 18-28 DEG C.
Step 107, acetic acid fermentation liquid is separated, removal precipitating obtains original vinegar.Filter press can be used in separating step
Or any other separation method known in the art, such as sedimentation etc..
Step 108, according to final use, original vinegar is deployed, to obtain commodity vinegar that can be filling.In some embodiment party
In formula, adaptation step includes that spice is added into the original vinegar, one allotment time is impregnated, to change the flavor of vinegar liquid.?
In some embodiments, adaptation step includes that water is added into vinegar liquid, to adjust the acidity of vinegar liquid.
By directly carrying out acetic fermentation using distiller's wort, the available vinegar liquid with a large amount of flavor substances of the application, from
And obtain even higher vinegar liquid similar with solid fermentation quality.The present processes can greatly improve compared with solid state fermentation
Fermenting speed.In some embodiments, it can be completed from coarse raw materials to vinegar liquid in 20-25 days by the present processes
Brewing, is greatly reduced fermentation time, to significantly improve yield, reduces cost.Meanwhile compared with liquid fermentation method, due to vinegar
The presence of raw material residue when acid fermentation and introduce a large amount of flavor substances, so as to significantly improve vinegar liquid compared to liquid fermentation method
Quality.
Embodiment 2
In yet another embodiment, the fermentation process of the application includes:
Step 201, edible alcohol is mixed with flavor raw material, adjusts alcoholic strength to 8 ° -13 °, it is anti-is added to acetic fermentation
It answers in device, acetic acid bacteria is added, carry out acetic fermentation step.The other conditions of acetic fermentation step are the same as embodiment 1.
Step 202, acetic acid fermentation liquid is exported to slow ripening reaction device, sodium chloride is added extremely in Xiang Suoshu acetic acid fermentation liquid
The concentration of 1w/v% to 3w/v%.By adjusting salt, acetic acid bacteria can be killed, to stop fermentation process.
Optionally, acetic acid fermentation liquid can be stored to a period of time after adjusting salt step under aerobic environment, so that vinegar
Liquid is ripe slowly.Due to the still residue containing initial raw material and a certain amount of acetic acid bacteria in acetic acid fermentation liquid, it is slow it is ripe during can
To further increase the flavor substance in vinegar liquid, the acidity of acetic acid fermentation liquid also can be further improved.In some embodiments
In, slow ripe process carries out under controlled temperature conditions.In some embodiments, slow ripe process control is at 18-28 DEG C.
Step 203, acetic acid fermentation liquid is separated, removal precipitating obtains original vinegar.Filter press can be used in separating step
Or any other separation method known in the art, such as sedimentation etc..
Step 204, according to final use, original vinegar is deployed, to obtain commodity vinegar that can be filling.In some embodiment party
In formula, adaptation step includes that spice is added into the original vinegar, one allotment time is impregnated, to change the flavor of vinegar liquid.?
In some embodiments, adaptation step includes that water is added into vinegar liquid, to adjust the acidity of vinegar liquid.
By using the mixture of edible alcohol and flavor raw material, can with Rapid Fermentation to be quickly obtained vinegar liquid, meanwhile,
A large amount of flavor substances are introduced due to the presence of flavor raw material when acetic fermentation, so as to significantly improve compared to liquid fermentation method
The quality of vinegar liquid.
Embodiment 3
In one embodiment, this application involves make vinegar system, including acetic fermentation reactor and slag-liquid separation device, institute
It states acetic fermentation reactor and can use the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid and ferment to obtain acetic acid, institute
It states slag-liquid separation device and is in the acetic fermentation reactor downstream.
In some embodiments, the connection of the slag-liquid separation device and the acetic fermentation reactor allows containing at least
The semifluid of 3w/v% solid passes through.
In some embodiments, the system also includes central processing units, and the acetic fermentation reactor includes cavity
(1), the heat conducting device (11) being mounted on the cavity, temperature sensor (21), liquid surface height sensor (22), Yi Jian
Inlet duct (12) mounted in the cavity (1) bottom, the inlet duct (12) are connected to supercharging device (13)；The center
Processor receives the signal from the temperature sensor (21), the liquid surface height sensor (22), is started according to fermentation
Supercharging device (13) described in time, the intracorporal temperature of the chamber and the intracorporal liquid surface height controlling of the chamber, with adjust it is described into
The air inlet rate of device of air (12).
In some embodiments, acetic fermentation reactor further includes feed inlet (14)；In some embodiments, described
Reactor includes discharge port (15).In some embodiments, the reactor further includes water inlet；In some embodiments
In, the reactor further includes exhaust outlet；In some embodiments, the reactor further includes mechanical stirring device.
In some embodiments, heat conducting device includes heating device, cooling device；Optionally, the heat transfer dress
It sets including coil pipe, collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, cooling rod, optionally, the coil pipe includes inner coil pipe and outer coil pipe；Optionally
Ground, the reactor include more set heat conducting devices；Optionally, more set heat conducting devices include coil pipe, collet, vertical snake
Pipe, heating rod, any combination of cooling rod；Optionally, the reactor further includes insulating layer.
In some embodiments, temperature sensor (21) is mounted on the top, middle part or bottom of the cavity (1), or
The temperature sensor (21) floating in the cavity (1).
In some embodiments, liquid surface height sensor is selected from: buoy, positioned at the pressure sensing of the cavity bottom
Device, altimeter.
In some embodiments, inlet duct is located at the acetic fermentation reactor bottom center；Optionally, it is described into
Flowmeter is installed on device of air；Optionally, heating or cooling device is connected on the inlet duct；Optionally, described
Inlet duct is connect with air-source, cold air source or vapour source.
In some embodiments, inlet duct is rotating air suction device, including rotor, stator and driving mechanism are described
Rotor is pivotably connected to the stator, and the driving mechanism and the rotor are sequentially connected, the gas-liquid slot of the stator with
The rotation chamber of the rotor and cavity connection, the fixation chamber of the rotor and the outlet of the supercharging device.
In some embodiments, rotor is straight leaf rotor；Optionally, the rotor include three flabellums, four flabellums,
Five flabellums, six flabellums, seven flabellums, eight flabellums or more flabellum.
In some embodiments, the length of the flabellum is 15-50cm；The length of the optionally described flabellum is 15-
45cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-40cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-35cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-30cm；
The length of the flabellum is 20-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 25-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-50cm；It is described
The length of flabellum is 30-35cm；The length of the optionally described flabellum be 15,16,17,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26,
27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39 or 40cm.
In some embodiments, the structure of rotating air suction device is the rotating air suction device of Frings apparatus for acetic acid fermentation tank.
In some embodiments, system further includes that the alcoholic fermentation positioned at alcoholic fermentation reactor upstream is reacted
Device.In one embodiment, the alcoholic fermentation reactor includes: alcoholic fermentation cavity, for accommodating raw material；Stage measurement is set
It is standby, it configures to measure fermentation stage locating for the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber；Oxygen supply equipment, configuration is with to described
The intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber provides oxygen；Temperature equipment is configured to adjust the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber
Temperature；And control equipment is calculated, oxygen supply rate required for being calculated according to the fermentation stage of stage sensing equipment measurement, and
The oxygen supply equipment is controlled to provide oxygen with oxygen supply rate calculated, and calculating control equipment is according to the stage
The fermentation stage of sensing equipment measurement controls the temperature equipment to adjust the temperature of the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber,
In, raw material includes solid-liquid mixture raw material.
In some embodiments, system further includes the saccharification reactor positioned at alcoholic fermentation reactor upstream.?
In one embodiment, the saccharification reactor includes: saccharification cavity；The shaft being vertically arranged in the saccharification cavity；First
Fan blades comprising: diagonal blade in a pair first horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Diagonal leaf under a pair first
Piece horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft, wherein diagonal blade on diagonal blade and described first under described first
Vertical projection is overlapped；With, a pair of first vertical blade, under being connected to described first on diagonal blade and described first diagonally
Between blade；Second fan blades is located under first fan blades and intersects with first fan blades, and second fan blades includes:
Diagonal blade in a pair second, horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Diagonal blade under a pair second, horizontally and phase
It is connected to the shaft over the ground, wherein diagonal blade is overlapped with the vertical projection of blade diagonal on described second under described second；
With a pair of second vertical blade, under being connected to described second on diagonal blade and described second between diagonal blade；Four
Upper edge blade, horizontal extension are simultaneously connected on described second between diagonal blade and the first vertical blade；And
Four lower edge blades, horizontal extension and under being connected to described first between diagonal blade and the second vertical blade.
By the fermentation system of the illustrative embodiments, structure can be simplified.
Above description is only the preferred embodiment of the application and the explanation to institute's application technology principle.Those skilled in the art
Member is it should be appreciated that invention scope involved in the application, however it is not limited to technology made of the specific combination of above-mentioned technical characteristic
Scheme, while should also cover in the case where not departing from inventive concept, it is carried out by above-mentioned technical characteristic or its equivalent feature any
Other technical solutions of combination and formation.Such as features described above and (but being not limited to) disclosed herein have similar functions
Technical characteristic is replaced mutually and the technical solution that is formed.
Claims (10)
1. method for brewing vinegar, comprising:
Acetic fermentation step, including acetobacter is added to alcoholic liquid, progress acetic fermentation is to obtain liquid containing vinegar fermentation, institute
Stating alcoholic liquid is the semifluid containing alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid；With
Separating step carries out slag-liquid separation to the liquid containing vinegar fermentation to obtain original vinegar.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, wherein the acetic fermentation step is ventilated by pressurization；
Optionally, the alcoholic liquid is obtained by alcoholic fermentation step；
Optionally, the alcoholic liquid is the mixture of edible alcohol and paste raw material.
3. carrying out alcohol according to the method described in claim 2, the alcoholic fermentation step includes that yeast is added into saccharified liquid
Fermentation is to obtain alcoholic liquid；Optionally, the alcoholic fermentation step be stage fermentation, aerobic fermentation 6-12 hours, anaerobic
Fermentation 5-20 days；Optionally, the alcoholic fermentation step is hot fermentation, and optionally, the fermentation temperature of the alcoholic fermentation is
28-45 DEG C, optionally, the temperature of the alcoholic fermentation is 35-40 DEG C.
4. the saccharification step includes according to the method described in claim 3, wherein the saccharified liquid is obtained by saccharification step
One section of digestion time of catalyzed by amylase is added into paste raw material, carbohydrase is then added, be saccharified one section of saccharificatinn period；
Optionally, the saccharification step further includes the steps that the paste raw material is made to boil after the digestion time；Optionally
The step of ground, the addition amylase, executes two or more times；
The paste raw material is obtained by broken raw material, and the raw material is selected from: starch-containing material and material containing glycogen；Optionally, institute
It states starch-containing material and is selected from starch-containing agricultural product or containing sugared agricultural product；The optionally described raw material is selected from grain class, greengrocery or water
Fruit；Optionally, the starch-containing material includes: starch, sweet potato, potato, corn, sorghum, rice, wheat, millet, bran
Skin, malt；Optionally, the rice includes glutinous rice, polished rice；Optionally, the material containing glycogen includes: fruit, honey；Optionally
Ground, the fruit include tangerine, hawthorn, apple, pears, grape, pineapple, peach, persimmon, jujube, tomato；Optionally, the step of being crushed raw material
Including into raw material plus water, the step of to obtain paste raw material.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, the method also includes the tune salt step after the acetic fermentation step,
Including concentration of the sodium chloride to 1w/v% to 3w/v% is added into the fermentation liquid；Optionally, the method includes the tune
Slow ripe step after salt step, the slow ripe step includes that fermentation liquid is made to store one slow ripe time under aerobic environment；Appoint
Selection of land, the slow ripe step carry out under controlled temperature conditions.
Optionally, the method includes the adaptation step after separating step, the adaptation step includes adding into the original vinegar
Enter spice, impregnates one allotment time.
6. make vinegar system, including acetic fermentation reactor and slag-liquid separation device, the acetic fermentation reactor can use containing
The semifluid of alcohol and at least 3w/v% solid ferments to obtain acetic acid, and the slag-liquid separation device is in the acetic fermentation
Reactor downstream.
7. system according to claim 6, wherein the connection of the slag-liquid separation device and the acetic fermentation reactor is permitted
Perhaps the semifluid containing at least 3w/v% solid passes through；
Optionally, the system comprises central processing unit, the acetic fermentation reactor includes cavity (1), is mounted on the chamber
Heat conducting device (11) on body, temperature sensor (21), liquid surface height sensor (22), and it is mounted on the cavity (1)
The inlet duct (12) of bottom, the inlet duct (12) are connected to supercharging device (13)；The central processing unit reception comes from
The temperature sensor (21), the liquid surface height sensor (22) signal, time started according to fermentation, in the cavity
Temperature and the intracorporal liquid surface height controlling of the chamber described in supercharging device (13), to adjust the air inlet of the inlet duct (12)
Rate；
Optionally, the acetic fermentation reactor further includes feed inlet (14)；Optionally, the reactor further includes discharge port
(15)；
Optionally, the reactor further includes mechanical stirring device.
8. system according to claim 7, wherein the heat conducting device includes heating device, cooling device；Optionally,
The heat conducting device includes coil pipe, and collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, cooling rod, optionally, the coil pipe include inner coil pipe
With outer coil pipe；Optionally, the reactor includes more set heat conducting devices；Optionally, more set heat conducting devices include disk
Pipe, collet, vertical coiled pipe, heating rod, any combination of cooling rod；Optionally, the reactor further includes insulating layer；
Optionally, the temperature sensor (21) is mounted on top, middle part or the bottom of the cavity (1) or the temperature passes
Sensor (21) floating in the cavity (1)；
Optionally, the liquid surface height sensor (22) is selected from: buoy, the pressure sensor positioned at the cavity bottom, height
Meter.
9. system according to claim 7, the inlet duct is located at the acetic fermentation reactor bottom center；Optionally
Ground is equipped with flowmeter on the inlet duct；Optionally, heating or cooling device is connected on the inlet duct；Appoint
Selection of land, the inlet duct are connect with air-source, cold air source or vapour source；
The optionally described inlet duct is rotating air suction device, including rotor, stator and driving mechanism, and the rotor is pivotly
It is connected to the stator, the driving mechanism and the rotor are sequentially connected, the rotation of the gas-liquid slot and the rotor of the stator
Turn chamber and cavity connection, the fixation chamber of the rotor and the outlet of the supercharging device；
Optionally, the rotor is straight leaf rotor；Optionally, the rotor include three flabellums, four flabellums, five flabellums,
Six flabellums, seven flabellums, eight flabellums or more flabellum；Optionally, the length of the flabellum is 15-50cm；Optionally
The length of the flabellum is 15-45cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-40cm；The length of the flabellum is 15-35cm；It is described
The length of flabellum is 15-30cm；The length of the flabellum is 20-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 25-50cm；The flabellum
Length be 30-50cm；The length of the flabellum is 30-35cm；The length of the optionally described flabellum be 15,16,17,19,20,
21,22,23,24,25,26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34,35,36,37,38,39 or 40cm；
Optionally, the structure of the rotating air suction device is the rotating air suction structure of Frings apparatus for acetic acid fermentation tank.
10. system according to claim 6, the system also includes the alcohol for being located at acetic fermentation reactor upstream
Fermentation reactor；Optionally, the alcoholic fermentation reactor includes:
Alcoholic fermentation cavity, for accommodating raw material；
Stage sensing equipment is configured to measure fermentation stage locating for the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber；
Oxygen supply equipment, configuration is to provide oxygen to the intracorporal raw material of the alcoholic fermentation chamber；
Temperature equipment is configured to adjust the temperature of the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber；And
Control equipment is calculated, oxygen supply rate required for being calculated according to the fermentation stage of stage sensing equipment measurement, and control
The oxygen supply equipment is to provide oxygen with oxygen supply rate calculated, and calculating control equipment is measured according to the stage
The fermentation stage of measuring apparatus controls the temperature equipment to adjust the temperature of the intracorporal raw material of alcoholic fermentation chamber,
Wherein, raw material includes solid-liquid mixture raw material；
Optionally, the system also includes the saccharification reactors for being located at alcoholic fermentation reactor upstream；
Optionally, the saccharification reactor includes:
Be saccharified cavity；
The shaft being vertically arranged in the saccharification cavity；
First fan blades comprising: diagonal blade in a pair first horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；A pair first
Diagonal blade down horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft, wherein right on diagonal blade and described first under described first
The vertical projection of angle blade is overlapped；With, a pair of first vertical blade, diagonal blade and described the under being connected to described first
On one between diagonal blade；
Second fan blades is located under first fan blades and intersects with first fan blades, and second fan blades includes: a pair the
Diagonal blade on two, horizontally and is relatively connected to the shaft；Diagonal blade under a pair second, horizontally and relatively connects
It is connected to the shaft, wherein diagonal blade is overlapped with the vertical projection of blade diagonal on described second under described second；With one
To the second vertical blade, under being connected to described second on diagonal blade and described second between diagonal blade；
Four upper edge blades, horizontal extension and be connected on described second diagonal blade and the first vertical blade it
Between；And
Four lower edge blades, horizontal extension and under being connected to described first diagonal blade and the second vertical blade it
Between.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910106535.XA CN110055152A (en) | 2019-02-02 | 2019-02-02 | Fermentation process and system |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910106535.XA CN110055152A (en) | 2019-02-02 | 2019-02-02 | Fermentation process and system |
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