CN110054378A - A kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and method - Google Patents
A kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110054378A CN110054378A CN201910399767.9A CN201910399767A CN110054378A CN 110054378 A CN110054378 A CN 110054378A CN 201910399767 A CN201910399767 A CN 201910399767A CN 110054378 A CN110054378 A CN 110054378A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/40—Protecting water resources
- Y02A20/402—River restoration
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Purification Treatments By Anaerobic Or Anaerobic And Aerobic Bacteria Or Animals (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to field of environment engineering technology, in particular to a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and method.Wherein, river and lake substrate prosthetic device includes: that equipment, aerator are disturbed in cover, gas punching, and disturbs equipment for gas punching and aerator provides the air feed equipment and corresponding gas piping of gas source；The opening of cover is straight down；Equipment is disturbed in gas punching and aerator is located in cover；Air feed equipment is located at outside cover, and by corresponding gas piping, equipment and aerator gas supply are disturbed in respectively gas punching；Device further include: sludge pump and liquid line；Sludge pump is located at outside cover, and the mud mixture of the intracorporal river and lake substrate of cover is detached cover by liquid line and carries out dystopy processing.Using aspects described herein, in-situ immobilization can be carried out to river and lake substrate, river and lake substrate habitat conditions be restored to combine with hydrophyte restoration, by changing sediments Redox Condition, the recovery for promoting water plant, ultimately forms the stable river and lake ecosystem.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ecological engineering technology field, in particular to a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and method.
Background technique
Substrate is the important component of the river and lake ecosystem, before healthy substrate condition is river and lake ecological system degradation
Propose condition, at present about the technology of dystrophication substrate reparation according to repair mechanisms can be divided into physical method, chemical method, bioanalysis with
And combined method.Physical method includes watercourse aeration, sediment dredging, covering (or masking) etc., and such as disclosed " one kind is based on river
Road sediment in-situ covering restorative procedure " (108947155 A of CN) technology choose covering material (fine sand gravel 30%-80%,
Bentonite 20%-50%, organic polymer 2%-10%) it is covered on the surface layer mud scum of high pollution, and introduce a fine variety resistant and endure water plant
Object, to inhibit the discharged pollutant of bed mud and be repaired to overlying water.Chemical method mainly include chemical leaching, chemical oxidation,
Passivation and electromotion repairing technique etc., the technology of such as disclosed " sediment in-situ remediation method at sewage draining exit " (107473543 A of CN)
It then uses the method for adding modifying agent into bed mud and repairs contaminated sediment.Bioanalysis mainly includes that microorganism remediation, plant are repaired
Multiple and microorganism-plant is combined recovery technique, such as disclosed " processing method of bed mud in river " (101607783 B of CN), should
Technology includes photosynthetic bacteria, nitrobacteria, lactic acid bacteria and saccharomycete by launching composite bacteria agent (150-300ppm), to pollutant
It shifted, converted and is degraded.
Disclosed above passing through in the prior art is aerated, covers, adding the physics such as microorganism, biological method to riverbed sludge
Carry out restoration of the ecosystem in situ, there is certain benefit to improving river and lake substrate in the short time, but not by river and lake substrate habitat rehabilitation with
The recovery of water plant combines, it is difficult to restore to river and lake aquatic ecosystem, be unfavorable for the guarantor of long-term ecological environment benefit
It holds.It adds chemical agent and carries out restoration of the ecosystem in situ, although changeable sediment release state, chemical agent are added to river and lake
The growth of other biologies such as zoobenthos affects, and the negative effect of ecological environment is obvious, and easily causes two
Secondary pollution.Using environmental dredging mode to riverbed sludge carry out restoration of the ecosystem, lightweight, the organic pollutant of colloidal attitude and gravel,
The biggish particulate matter mixing of the partial sizes such as clay is moved to dystopy and is handled, and causes volume larger, dehydration land occupation is larger.
The restorative procedure of river and lake substrate is had a single function in the prior art, although also occurring repairing to several in the prior art
The combination of compound method, but the linking between group technology each unit is insufficient, only simple superposition, not from the mutual pass of each unit
System considers that it is poor to each unit organic composition formation group technology effect to cause, and water plant is caused still to be difficult to healthy growth, it is difficult to
Realize the reparation of pollution water bodies of rivers and lakes and the recovery of damaged ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and methods, to solve restorative procedure in the prior art
The problem of linking is insufficient between group technology each unit, and water plant is still difficult to healthy growth in river and lake after repair.In order to
There is a basic understanding to some aspects of the embodiment of disclosure, simple summary is shown below.The summarized section is not
Extensive overview, nor to determine key/critical component or describe the protection scope of these embodiments.Its sole purpose is
Some concepts are presented with simple form, in this, as the preamble of following detailed description.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic devices.
In some exemplary embodiments, the river and lake substrate prosthetic device, comprising:
Equipment, aerator are disturbed in cover, gas punching, and are rushed for the gas and to be disturbed equipment and the aerator provides gas
The air feed equipment in source and corresponding gas piping；
The opening of the cover straight down, for by the river and lake substrate cage of area to be repaired, to prevent gas
Punching disturb or aeration process in water body diffusion；
The gas punching is disturbed equipment and is located in the cover, disturbs for carrying out gas punching to the river and lake substrate；
The aerator is located in the cover, for being aerated to the river and lake substrate；
The air feed equipment is by corresponding gas piping, and equipment is disturbed in the respectively described gas punching and the aeration is set
Available gas；
Described device further include: sludge pump and liquid line；
The sludge pump is detached the mud mixture of the intracorporal river and lake substrate of cover by the liquid line
The cover carries out dystopy processing.
The technical solution of offer described in above-described embodiment, has the following technical effect that
1, in-situ immobilization is carried out to river and lake substrate, it is simple to operation, it is small to river and lake eco-environmental impact；
2, the method combined is disturbed and is aerated using gas punching, by high pollution bed mud part in river and lake substrate and cleaning silt
It mutually separates, secondary pollution is not generated to river and lake；
3, can be in anti-locking apparatus operation by cover, influence of the settling flux phenomenon of bed mud to water quality during punching is disturbed；
In addition, by cover, sludge pump can more efficiently be detached high pollution bed mud.
4, high pollution bed mud is promoted to dystopy to handle, greatly promotes the removal to pollutant in dystrophication bed mud
Efficiency, and reduce land occupation.
The second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of river and lake substrate restorative procedures.
In some exemplary embodiments, a kind of river and lake substrate restorative procedure, can be used described in previous embodiment
River and lake substrate prosthetic device the river and lake substrate of the area to be repaired is repaired, comprising:
River and lake substrate progress gas punching is disturbed and Air Exposure, the river and lake substrate contain organic pollutant；
Detach the mud mixture containing the organic pollutant；
The ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate are monitored；
When the ORP of the river and lake substrate and sand factor reach target level, by submerged plant seedling cultivation in the river
Lakebed matter.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention can include the following benefits:
1, in-situ immobilization is carried out to river and lake substrate, it is simple to operation, it is small to river and lake eco-environmental impact；
2, the method combined is disturbed and is aerated using gas punching, by high pollution bed mud part in river and lake substrate and cleaning silt
It mutually separates, secondary pollution is not generated to river and lake；
3, river and lake substrate habitat conditions is restored to combine with hydrophyte restoration, by changing sediments redox
Condition promotes the recovery of water plant, ultimately forms the stable river and lake ecosystem；
4, high pollution bed mud is promoted to dystopy to handle, greatly promotes the removal to pollutant in dystrophication bed mud
Efficiency, and reduce land occupation；
5, Organic Pollutants in Sedimentary Mud is removed, so that the biocoene is kept integrality as far as possible, and retains and is retained in bed mud
Seed bank makes the bed mud after repairing have certain ecological recovery potentiality；
6, the characteristics of being implemented according to this technology provides the type for the target component investigated required for the cultivation of submerged plant seedling
And target level.
It should be understood that above general description and following detailed description be only it is exemplary and explanatory, not
It can the limitation present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and forms part of this specification, and shows and meets implementation of the invention
Example, and be used to explain the principle of the present invention together with specification.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the river and lake substrate prosthetic device of one embodiment of the invention；
In figure: 1, bed mud, 2, cover, 3, aerator, 4, gas punching disturb equipment, 5, gas piping, 6, seal holder part,
7, air feed equipment, 8, sludge pump, 9, liquid line.
Fig. 2 is the cover schematic diagram of internal structure of the river and lake substrate prosthetic device of one embodiment of the invention in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is the intracorporal top view of cover of river and lake substrate prosthetic device shown in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the process flow diagram of the river and lake substrate restorative procedure of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
The following description and drawings fully show specific embodiments of the present invention, to enable those skilled in the art to
Practice them.Embodiment only represents possible variation.Unless explicitly requested, otherwise individual components and functionality is optional, and
And the sequence of operation can change.The part of some embodiments and feature can be included in or replace other embodiments
Part and feature.The range of embodiment of the present invention includes the entire scope of claims and the institute of claims
There is obtainable equivalent.Herein, each embodiment can individually or generally be indicated that this is only with term " invention "
It is merely for convenience, and if in fact disclosing the invention more than one, it is not meant to automatically limit the range of the application
For any single invention or inventive concept.Herein, relational terms such as first and second and the like are used only for one
Entity, which is perhaps operated, to be distinguished and exists without requiring or implying between these entities or operation with another entity or operation
Any actual relationship or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant be intended to it is non-exclusive
Property include so that include a series of elements process, method or equipment not only include those elements, but also including
Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner other elements that are not explicitly listed herein, what each embodiment stressed
It is the difference from other embodiments, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For embodiment
For disclosed method, product etc., since it is corresponding with method part disclosed in embodiment, so be described relatively simple,
Reference may be made to the description of the method.
According to specification background technique and summary of the invention it is found that although a variety of methods, such as object can be passed through in the prior art
Logos, chemical method, bioanalysis and the above method group technology dystrophication substrate is repaired, but deposit in the prior art
In problems, the main reason for causing the above problem is individual restorative procedure, is had a single function, although be in group technology by
A variety of restorative procedures are combined, but linking in group technology between each unit is insufficient, only simple superposition, not from
The characteristics of each unit and correlation account for, and cause group technology effect poor, and the river and lake after reparation is still difficult to provide good
Ecological environment for water plant healthy growth.
In order to solve the problems in the existing technology, this technology from rebuild the river and lake substrate ecosystem angle,
It not only for the organic pollutant in removal river and lake substrate, even more needs to consider while removing removal organic polluter, guarantee
The ecological environment of river and lake substrate as far as possible be not destroyed, such as keep biocenological integrality as far as possible, as far as possible reservation bottom
The seed bank etc. retained in mud, so that the bed mud after repairing has certain ecological recovery potentiality.In order to achieve the above object, such as
Described in summary of the invention, a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device and method are proposed.Below by several specific embodiments to this
The specific embodiment of technology is illustrated.By content described in following embodiment, the technology of this technology is embodied
Thinking and technical connotation carry out complete, detailed description.
FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the river and lake substrate prosthetic device of the embodiment of the present invention.Wherein, Fig. 1 shows
The overall structure diagram of device.Fig. 2 is 2 schematic diagram of internal structure of cover in Fig. 1.Fig. 3 is in the cover 2 of Fig. 2 shown device
Top view.
According to the first aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic devices.
In some exemplary embodiments, the river and lake substrate prosthetic device as shown in Figure 1, comprising:
Cover 1, gas punching disturb equipment 4, aerator 3, and disturb equipment 4 and the aerator 3 for gas punching
The air feed equipment 7 and corresponding gas piping 5 of gas source are provided；
The opening of the cover 2 straight down, for by the river and lake substrate cage of area to be repaired, to prevent gas
Punching disturb or aeration process in water body diffusion；
The gas punching is disturbed equipment 4 and is located in the cover, disturbs for carrying out gas punching to the river and lake substrate；
The aerator is located in the cover 2, for being aerated to the river and lake substrate；
The air feed equipment 7 disturbs equipment 4 and the exposure by corresponding gas piping 5, the respectively described gas punching
Gas equipment 3 supplies；
Described device further include: sludge pump 8 and liquid line 9；
The sludge pump 8 is taken out the mud mixture of the river and lake substrate in the cover 2 by the liquid line 9
Dystopy processing is carried out from the cover 1.
Above-described embodiment gives the explanation of the specific structure of river and lake substrate prosthetic device.In the present solution, being made by combining
Equipment and aerator is disturbed with gas punching to repair river and lake substrate.
Wherein, the effect of cover 1 is prevented when using gas rushes and disturbs equipment 4 and aerator 3, and settling flux occurs in bed mud
And other waters are diffused to, to influence the water quality in other waters, be unfavorable for sludge pump 8 to sewage progress dystopy processing.By
Water quality in the waters that the effect of cover 1 is handled in order to prevent diffuses to other waters, therefore the size of cover 1 determines
The size in waters to be processed, shape selection should (equipment 4 and aeration be disturbed in such as gas punching according to feature on water, built-in device
Equipment 3 etc.) the combined factors such as layout, the light-weight design of device consider.
Optionally, the shape of cover 1 can be as Fig. 1 be it is rectangular, be also possible to the configurations band such as cheese, arch or umbrella shape
There are curvature or inclined-plane, and headspace is less than the structure of bottom space, can not only make device using such structure
Structure is slimmer and more graceful, moreover it is possible to reduce the device resistance that other substances such as water or water plant generate when river and lake bottom is mobile, reduce river and lake
In solid content apparatus surface accumulation.The material of cover 1 can be one of stainless steel material, ABS engineering plastics or
The combination of different materials is compound.
Further, fixed part is set in the bottom of the cover 1, for reinforcing between 1 bottom of cover and river and lake substrate
Fixation and sealing, further strengthening cover 1 prevents the effect of diffusion, and the stabilization of stiffening device entirety is avoided such as water flow
Too fast, impact of water body impurity etc. causes device stability difference to be easy to produce the problem of being located at or toppling.Further, since device exists
In use process, equipment 4 and aerator 3 are disturbed in gas punching has the punching effect of disturbing to the waters inside cover 1, therefore inside cover 1
Water body also will affect the stability of device, by the way that fixed part is arranged, reduce negative effect brought by above-mentioned influence.Specifically
, zigzag fixed part is set in the bottom of cover 1, so that cover 1 is inserted into bed mud in implementation process, to reach close
Seal and prevent the purpose of diffusion.
Equipment 4 is disturbed in gas punching can be as shown in Figure 1, include multiple equally distributed gas nozzles.Specifically, the shape packet of gas nozzle
Include straight tube shape, taper, pancake.Wherein taper, air mass flow is greater than air inlet and is assigned to gas nozzle flow at pancake gas nozzle, the bottom of to
The mud punching effect of disturbing is stronger, realizes and disturbs to the complete punching of bed mud.
Preferably, gas nozzle layout density is 30-40/m2, it is 10-20cm at a distance from mud face.Wherein, gas nozzle density is examined
Considering service range can be radiated.Gas nozzle disturbs intensity setting according to punching apart from mud face upper height limit, and lower limit rinses equal according to gas nozzle
Even property and the setting of gas nozzle blockage problem.Preferably, the air mass flow of gas nozzle is 5~6m3/ h, gas nozzle air mass flow are according to gas nozzle
Rush disturb intensity setting.Above-described embodiment gives the cloth setting parameter of gas nozzle, further promoted the present apparatus gas punching disturb effect,
And then promote river and lake substrate repairing effect.
Aerator 3 can be plate-type aerator as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, and the purpose for selecting plate-type aerator is to bed mud
Carry out ozone, aeration.Plate-type aerator is with contact area is big, oxygen transmission efficiency is high, bubble diffusion is uniform, is not likely to produce micropore
The advantages of blocking.
Preferably, the layout density of the plate-type aerator is 2~5/m2, it is 0.2~1m at a distance from mud face.
Preferably, the layout density of the plate-type aerator is 3/m2, the preferred distance with mud face is 0.5m.Its
In, the type of setting and aerator of the aerator at a distance from mud face, layout density are related, and the present embodiment is advanced optimized and explained
Preferable aeration mode is stated, to further promote the effect and efficiency of the reparation of river and lake substrate.
Preferably, the plate-type aerator air mass flow is 1~1.5m3/h.Wherein, plate-type aerator effect is to expose
Gas oxygenation, improving oxygen in air rises oxygen in water level to water phase mass-transfer efficiency.But plate-type aerator air stream
Amount setting considers oxygen transfer efficiency, the excessive transmitting for being unfavorable for oxygen of ventilatory capacity, the too small dissolution for being unfavorable for oxygen of ventilatory capacity.
In order to enable gas nozzle and plate-type aerator can play excellent effect in use in device, need to two
The relative position of person optimizes.As shown in Figure 1-3, preferred, distance of the aerator 3 apart from mud face, is disturbed higher than gas punching
Equipment 4.Wherein, gas punching disturbs equipment 4 and is mainly responsible for the physical structure for breaking bed mud, and aerator is responsible for destroying bed mud structure
The mixture mixed afterwards in water is aerated, experiments verify that discovery, it can be significantly if aerator 3 is placed in bottom end
The aeration effect of aerator 3 is influenced, and can influence that gas punching disturbs equipment 4 simultaneously rushes the effect of disturbing, so that the association of the two
Logical mating reaction is significantly weakened, it is difficult to play due effect and effect.By disturbing equipment 4 and aerator to gas punching
The restriction of 3 relative positions, further lifting device is integrally to the effect and efficiency of river and lake substrate reparation.
It can be seen from the above, the punching effect of disturbing is realized by air feed equipment, pipeline, gas nozzle component.Preferably, as shown in Figure 1, single
It is 5~8min that the time is disturbed in punching, and the time is disturbed in single punching to be arranged according to treatment effect and efficiency, and it is poor to disturb effect lower than 5min punching,
And operation is disturbed in view of needing repeatedly to carry out punching during practical engineering application, it is whole if single punching disturbs the time and is higher than 8min
Treatment effeciency will decline；The aeration effect is realized that aeration operation is in list by air feed equipment, pipeline, plate-type aerator component
Secondary punching carries out after disturbing 1min, and time correlation is disturbed in single aeration time and single punching, i.e., aeration, which disturbs process simultaneously with punching, terminates, and
Single aeration time is not less than 3min under designed cover space size and plate-type aerator density conditions, and aeration time is root
According to the be oxygenated degree of the continuity and aeration of integrated engineering come what is be arranged, river and lake substrate repairing effect is further promoted.
The distribution in vertical direction of plate-type aerator and gas nozzle is as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, and plate-type aerator and gas nozzle are in water
Square to distribution referring to figure 3. shown in, as can be seen from FIG. 3, the arrangement of above equipment be according to cover 1 be open region, i.e.,
The size setting in the region in waters handled by the present apparatus, it can be exposed in the horizontal direction according to single disc type as shown in Figure 3
The radiation scope of gas device and gas nozzle, is evenly arranged plate-type aerator and gas nozzle.
As shown in Figure 1, sludge pump 8 is set to the outside of cover 1, it will be rushed and be disturbed through gas out of cover 1 by liquid line 9
Cover 1, which is detached, with the mud mixture containing a large amount of organic pollutants after Air Exposure carries out dystopy processing.Specifically, considering
To gas punching disturb and be aerated after river and lake substrate in high pollution bed mud part with cleaning sand in water body separating need one
It fixes time, therefore preferably restarts sludge pump 8 for high pollution bed mud after standing preset time after aerator 3 terminates aeration
Detach cover 1.Preferably, a length of 2~5min when standing, the setting of the value are determined according to effect of settling, and time of repose is 2
The sedimentation of~5min range and removing organic pollutant effect are best.Sludge pump 8 is set to the outside of cover 1, is placed on the water surface,
8 duct coupling of sludge pump to cover 1 carries out pump and inhales work, and sludge pump, which is set to outside cover 1, to be advantageous in that, first reduction pair
The demand in 1 space of cover utmostly reduces the size and weight of cover 1, so that device is whole slim and graceful easy to operate, next sludge
The vibration that pump 8 is generated when carrying out pump and inhaling will affect the state of the water body of area to be repaired in cover 1.In addition, the pump of sludge pump 8
It is drawn through journey to carry out after standing operation, the disturbance that sludge pump 8 is generated when carrying out pump and inhaling can newly be formed 1 bottom of cover heavy
Lamination damages, therefore cannot be placed in inside cover.By the restriction to 8 position of sludge pump, further lifting device is whole
To the effect of river and lake substrate reparation.
It includes that equipment 4, aerator 3 and sludge pump are disturbed in gas punching that river and lake substrate prosthetic device is described in above-described embodiment
8, effect be equipment 4 and aerator 3 are disturbed by gas punching will be husky by the cleaning in organic matter high pollution bed mud and river and lake substrate
It mutually separates, high pollution bed mud is then detached by cover 1 by sludge pump 8 and carries out dystopy processing, passes through setting in above process
Cover 1 prevents the water body in region processed from diffusing to other waters, and further the effect with Air Exposure is disturbed in lift gas punching,
And be conducive to the subsequent operation for detaching high pollution bed mud of sludge pump simultaneously.
In some alternative embodiments, river and lake substrate prosthetic device further include: oxidation-reduction potential ORP and sand factor
Monitoring device；The monitoring device is used to monitor the ORP of river and lake substrate and the value of sand factor.
Specifically, ORP can be monitored with ORP instrument, sand factor can be detected with mud sand content meter.The prison
The inside that device is fixed on cover 1 is surveyed, for disturbing in above-mentioned gas punching with after Air Exposure, river and lake substrate is detected.
In the actual operation process, the parameter for influencing submerged plant seedling germination rate has very much, and do not disclose for
Reference parameter and corresponding index, the influence to submerged plant germination rate provide the opinion of directiveness.Therefore, it is designed in this technology
Just, we have investigated influence of the multiple groups parameter to submerged plant germination rate, and select from multiple groups parameter influence it is the most outstanding
Two parameters, i.e. ORP and sand factor, then design the present apparatus, on the basis of the smallest to environmental disruption to river and lake bottom
Matter is repaired, so that river and lake substrate reaches the target level of ORP and sand factor, provides necessity for the subsequent sprouting of submerged plant
Ecological basis.During design, it is desirable that during removing Organic Pollutants in Sedimentary Mud, make biocoene as far as possible
Integrality is kept, and retains the seed bank retained in bed mud, makes the bed mud after repairing that there are certain ecological recovery potentiality.
Specifically, monitoring device is with the ORP and sand factor of the certain depth of certain frequency monitoring bed mud.Wherein, bed mud is deep
Degree, ORP, sand factor index be according to determined by submerged plant seedling germination rate.For example, rushing the ORP disturbed to 10cm bed mud
Value is respectively -92.9, -131 and -285.2mV, and corresponding sand factor is respectively 62.1%, 81.7%, 89.2%, and corresponding eel grass sprouts
Hair rate is respectively 29%, 14% and 0%, and corresponding growth indexes are equally similarity rules.Preferably, if submerged plant seedling sprouts
Hair rate needs to control 30% or more, then in the bed mud of 10cm, sand factor at least needs to control 50%~70%, ORP's
Target level is -100mV or more.
Preferably, in order to which ORP value in bed mud and the control of bed mud sand factor are reached target level, Monitoring frequency can be single
Secondary gas punching is disturbed to be monitored once with after Air Exposure+standing operation.
Further, after the ORP and sand factor of certain depth, such as 10cm, bed mud reach target level, illustrate bed mud
Current state is suitable for the cultivation of submerged plant seedling, then by the submerged plant planting of seedling state on the mud face of recovery.
Specifically, vegetable seeds can be cultivated in the greenhouse in advance or brood body reaches seedling state, i.e., so that raised an infant Miao Zhuchang >
1cm。
Specifically, plant seedlings are planted in the operation on the mud face of recovery specifically, the depth of water range is within 2m,
Planting density is 50-100 bud/m2.Preferably, the preferred native country species of floristics are general to select submerged plant pioneer bitter
Grass, hydrilla verticillata, watermifoil, comb tooth bog pondweed at least one.Preferably, plant society needs to select submerged plant and very water is planted
Object is combined.By to floristics and combined restriction, survival rate after further promoting plant seedlings plant and right
The repairing effect of river and lake substrate.
River and lake substrate prosthetic device described in above-described embodiment, representative pollution targets are to have in handled river and lake substrate
Machine matter, and the content of organic matter is greater than 1500mg/kg.This technology bottom environment treatment effect low to the content of organic matter is bad, institute
With this gives the application environments of technology described in preferable the present embodiment, but the content of organic matter is not advised in river and lake substrate
Determine the upper limit because this law is physical method, can not contaminated degree limitation.
The specific embodiment of river and lake substrate prosthetic device structure of the present invention and implementation is given in above-described embodiment, is led to
It crosses and uses above-mentioned river and lake substrate prosthetic device that river and lake substrate can be allowed effectively to carry out reparation in situ, and repairing
Original ecological environment is not destroyed as far as possible in the process；The method combined is disturbed and is aerated using gas punching, it will be in river and lake substrate
High pollution bed mud part is mutually separated with cleaning silt, does not generate secondary pollution to river and lake；It, can anti-locking apparatus operation by cover
In, influence of the settling flux phenomenon of bed mud to water quality during punching is disturbed；In addition, by cover, sludge pump can more efficiently by
High pollution bed mud detaches；High pollution bed mud is promoted to dystopy to handle, is greatly promoted to pollutant in dystrophication bed mud
Removal efficiency, and reduce land occupation.
The second aspect of the invention, the present invention provides a kind of river and lake substrate restorative procedures.
In some exemplary embodiments, a kind of river and lake substrate restorative procedure, can be used described in previous embodiment
River and lake substrate prosthetic device the river and lake substrate of the area to be repaired is repaired, comprising:
River and lake substrate progress gas punching is disturbed and Air Exposure, the river and lake substrate contain organic pollutant；
Detach the mud mixture containing the organic pollutant；
The ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate are monitored；
When the ORP of the river and lake substrate and sand factor reach target level, by submerged plant seedling cultivation in the river
Lakebed matter.
Wherein, the mud mixture refer to by These gases punching disturb and/or Air Exposure after, be suspended in water body
High pollution bed mud in river and lake substrate.Specifically, when the ORP of river and lake substrate and sand factor reach target level, by submerged plant
Seedling cultivation is on the mud face of the river and lake substrate.The target level, which refers to, can make submerged plant seedling have higher sprouting
Minimum index needed for rate.Preferably, the submerged plant seedling germination rate is greater than 30%.It has been investigated that when only with gas
Body punching is disturbed when handling river and lake substrate, obtains the final germination rate of eel grass 28% or so；When using gas punching disturb+aeration at
After reason while processing, final germination rate is more than 30%.By the restriction to target level, and then the execution of optimization method entirety
Efficiency and effect.If target level is excessively highly fixed, difficulty of implementation is big, and the time is long, and efficiency is difficult to ensure.If target level is determined
Too low, then cultivation of plants survival rate is difficult to ensure, it is difficult to reach the optimum efficiency to river and lake substrate reparation.By to target water
It is flat to be defined, so that the germination rate of submerged plant seedling is greater than 30%.
Specifically, it is to carry out or successively carry out simultaneously that gas punching, which is disturbed with Air Exposure, in above process, it is specific to locate
Number is managed, without limiting, can be according to river and lake substrate pollution the case where, is controlled accordingly.
Preferably, representative pollution targets are organic matter in handled river and lake substrate, and the content of organic matter is greater than 1500mg/
kg.This technology bottom environment treatment effect low to the content of organic matter is bad, so this gives this preferable implementations
The application environment of the example technology, but set upper limit can not because this law is physical method for the content of organic matter in river and lake substrate
With the limitation of not contaminated degree.
Further, the depth bounds of the river and lake substrate of the processing are in 0~50cm.Depth bounds are higher than 50 it is not recommended that single
Private this law, it is proposed that with dredging technology connected applications, i.e. dredging to 50cm or less uses this law better effect again.The present embodiment into
One step defines the preferable application environment of this method, further promotes repairing effect.
It has been observed that there are problems to river and lake substrate restorative procedure in the prior art, the main original of the above problem is caused
Cause is individual restorative procedure, is had a single function, although being to be combined a variety of restorative procedures in group technology, group technology
Linking between middle each unit is insufficient, only simple superposition, accounts for the characteristics of not from each unit, makes with correlation
Poor at combination technological effect, the river and lake after reparation is still difficult to provide good ecological environment for water plant healthy growth.In order to
Problems of the prior art are solved, this technology is from the angle for rebuilding the river and lake substrate ecosystem, not only for going
It except the organic pollutant in river and lake substrate, even more needs to consider while removing removal organic polluter, guarantees the life of river and lake substrate
State environment as far as possible be not destroyed, such as keep biocenological integrality as far as possible, the kind retained in reservation bed mud as far as possible
Word bank etc., so that the bed mud after repairing has certain ecological recovery potentiality.In order to achieve the above object, such as institute in summary of the invention
It states, proposes above-mentioned river and lake substrate restorative procedure.The parameter for influencing submerged plant seedling germination rate has very much, we have investigated multiple groups
Influence of the parameter to submerged plant germination rate, and choose influence two parameters the most outstanding, i.e. ORP and sand factor.It is repairing
When technique is design, to be repaired on the basis of the smallest to environmental disruption to river and lake substrate, so that river and lake substrate reaches
To the target level of ORP and sand factor, necessary Ecological basis is provided for the subsequent sprouting of submerged plant.
In order to reach above-mentioned target and technical effect, this technology removes benthic community to dredging technology, destroys ecology
The shortcomings that system, disturbed using punching in situ, standing+dystopy pump suction and pumping from operation removal bed mud in organic matter, use up biocoene
It can be able to maintain integrality, and retain the seed bank retained in bed mud, make the bed mud after repairing that there are certain ecological recovery potentiality.
Long-term effect and unabiding limitation after repairing bed mud for the prior art and this technology, reach in polluted bed mud processing and want
After asking, the water plant seedling for reaching requirement is cultivated in selection in the greenhouse in advance, carries out resuming work for plant at the scene, thus
Realize the reparation of pollution water bodies of rivers and lakes and the recovery of damaged ecosystem.It is still difficult to for water plant after the technical treatments such as dredging
The problem of healthy growth, binding discuss out the crucial bed mud index parameter of plant recovery: ORP and sand factor.Wherein ORP shadow
The survival of plant seedlings is rung, sand factor influence plant takes root process.Degree for the treatment of is controlled by the way that this 2 kinds of index is up to standard, is wrapped
Include number of processes, punching is disturbed and aeration intensity.To provide necessary condition for plant growth.
In some alternative embodiments, as the ORP of the river and lake substrate and sand factor miss the mark level, again
The aforementioned operation is executed, until the ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate reach the target level.
The present embodiment has carried out further refinement to above-described embodiment.In the above-mentioned methods, as the ORP to river and lake substrate
When being monitored with sand factor, if below standard, repeatedly the reparation operation of front, i.e. gas punching are disturbed, at Air Exposure and dystopy
Reason removes the operation of organic pollutant.Of course, it is possible to abovementioned steps are all come again by preset process, it can also basis
The gap of monitoring result and target level, specific choice execute the type and number of the project of aforementioned operation.
In some alternative embodiments, the operation for detaching the mixed liquor containing the organic pollutant, it is specific to wrap
It includes:
It disturbs in gas punching with after Air Exposure, after standing preset time, the sludge pump 8 passes through the liquid line
The mixed liquor containing the organic pollutant that 9 suctions suspend in water.
In view of high pollution bed mud part and cleaning are husky in water body in river and lake substrate after gas punching is disturbed and is aerated
Separation need certain time, therefore preferably restart sludge pump 8 after standing preset time after aerator 3 terminates aeration
High pollution bed mud is detached into cover 1.
Preferably, a length of 2~5min when standing, the setting of the value are determined according to effect of settling, time of repose 2~
The sedimentation of 5min range and removing organic pollutant effect are best.The present invention is further promoted to the effect of river and lake substrate reparation.
In some alternative embodiments, the ORP and sand factor to the river and lake substrate is monitored, specific to wrap
It includes:
Monitor ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate at predetermined depth；
Wherein, the predetermined depth is corresponding with the target level；
When the predetermined depth be 10cm when, the target level are as follows: ORP be not less than -100mV, sand factor 50%~
70%.
Wherein, predetermined depth refers to the predetermined depth of bed mud, in specific operation process, can choose the bed mud of monitoring
Predetermined depth so that detection device goes out to sample in the predetermined depth, then according to preset Evaluation Strategy, judge ORP and
Whether sand factor reaches target level corresponding with the predetermined depth.
Specifically, monitoring device can monitor the ORP and sand factor of the certain depth of bed mud with certain frequency.Wherein, bottom
Mud depth, ORP, sand factor index be according to determined by submerged plant seedling germination rate.For example, the punching of 10cm bed mud is disturbed
ORP value is respectively -92.9, -131 and -285.2mV, and corresponding sand factor is respectively 62.1%, 81.7%, 89.2%, corresponding eel grass
Germination rate is respectively 29%, 14% and 0%, and corresponding growth indexes are equally similarity rules.Preferably, if submerged plant seedling
More than germination rate needs to control ..., then in the bed mud of 10cm, sand factor at least needs to control 50%~70%, ORP's
Target level is -100mV or more.
In some alternative embodiments, it includes multiple gas nozzles, the layout density of the gas nozzle that equipment 4 is disturbed in the gas punching
For 30~40/m2, the gas nozzle is 10~20cm at a distance from mud face, and the gas velocity of each gas nozzle is 5~6m3/h.The exposure
Gas equipment 3 is plate-type aerator, and the gas velocity of the plate-type aerator is 1~1.5m3/h.Further, the gas is first carried out
Punching is disturbed, then carries out the Air Exposure；If what the gas punching was disturbed, which rushes, disturbs the time as 5~8min, the Air Exposure is in institute
It states after end at least 1min is disturbed in gas punching and carries out.
Preferably, in order to which ORP value in bed mud and the control of bed mud sand factor are reached target level, Monitoring frequency is single gas
Body punching is disturbed to be monitored once with after Air Exposure+standing operation.
Further, after the ORP and sand factor of predetermined depth, such as 10cm, bed mud reach target level, illustrate bed mud
Current state is suitable for the cultivation of submerged plant seedling, then by the submerged plant planting of seedling state on the mud face of recovery.
Preferably, within the scope of the specific depth of water, the submerged plant seedling is planted, wherein the submerged plant seedling
Long > the 1cm of strain, for the specific depth of water range within 2m, the planting density of the submerged plant seedling is 50-100 bud/m2.This
Embodiment gives the Plant plane of submerged plant seedling, specifically discloses submerged plant seedling strain is long, cultivates requirement and children
The planting density of seedling.Wherein, the planting density of seedling is the research hair according to the strain of seedling is long and the comprehensive setting of depth of water range
It is existing, when planting density is lower than 50 buds/m2When, it is impossible to guarantee enough amounts of surviving, when planting density is higher than 100 buds/m2, plant
Larger to nutrient competition, length will definitely be affected.Effect of the depth of water scope control within 2m is submerged plant to illumination
Intensity has basic demand, and due to the influence of phytoplankton, light has decaying with the depth of water (transparency), in general water body (water quality
For III, IV class) under the conditions of summer most strong intensity of sunshine, the depth of water is greater than 2m, and intensity of illumination is unable to satisfy plant normal growth substantially.
Specifically, vegetable seeds can be cultivated in the greenhouse in advance or brood body reaches seedling state, i.e., so that being raised an infant
Seedling strain is long > 1cm.As it can be seen that seedling state as described herein refers to the long strain body at least more than 1cm of seedling strain, it is in the seedling shape
The submerged plant of state is easier to survive and take root in above-mentioned target level, and the present embodiment has further refined embodiment, and
Further improve the repairing effect to river and lake substrate.
Fig. 4 shows a specific embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention, in the following, being carried out the above method into one according to Fig. 4
The illustration and description of step:
As shown in figure 4, firstly, carrying out punching to river and lake substrate disturbs+Air Exposure, it is then allowed to stand so that high pollution bed mud and clear
Clean husky mutually separation, the mixed pollutants containing high pollution bed mud are detached and carry out dystopy processing, by sludge pump then to processing
Bed mud afterwards monitors its ORP and whether sand factor is up to standard in certain depth, such as 10cm, if up to standard, will be cultivated and be obtained by seedling
On the mud face of river and lake substrate of at least one submerged plant seedling cultivation obtained after reparation；If monitoring discovery ORP and sand factor
Below standard, then before repeating process flow, i.e., repeatedly rushing for front disturbs+Air Exposure, and high pollution bottom is carried out after being then allowed to stand
The mixed pollutants of mud, which detach, carries out dystopy processing, then the ORP and sand factor of monitoring treated bed mud, and according to the above ginseng
Number it is whether up to standard, determine execute seedling cultivation the step of or repeat front punching disturb, Air Exposure and stand the step of.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention can include the following benefits:
1, in-situ immobilization is carried out to river and lake substrate, it is simple to operation, it is small to river and lake eco-environmental impact；
2, the method combined is disturbed and is aerated using gas punching, by high pollution bed mud part in river and lake substrate and cleaning silt
It mutually separates, secondary pollution is not generated to river and lake；
3, river and lake substrate habitat conditions is restored to combine with hydrophyte restoration, by changing sediments redox
Condition promotes the recovery of water plant, ultimately forms the stable river and lake ecosystem；
4, high pollution bed mud is promoted to dystopy to handle, greatly promotes the removal to pollutant in dystrophication bed mud
Efficiency, and reduce land occupation；
5, Organic Pollutants in Sedimentary Mud is removed, so that the biocoene is kept integrality as far as possible, and retains and is retained in bed mud
Seed bank makes the bed mud after repairing have certain ecological recovery potentiality；
6, the characteristics of being implemented according to this technology provides the type for the target component investigated required for the cultivation of submerged plant seedling
And target level.
It should be understood that the invention is not limited to the process and structure that are described above and are shown in the accompanying drawings,
And various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof.The scope of the present invention is only limited by the attached claims
System.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of river and lake substrate prosthetic device characterized by comprising
Equipment, aerator are disturbed in cover, gas punching, and disturb equipment for gas punching and the aerator provides gas source
Air feed equipment and corresponding gas piping；
The opening of the cover straight down, for by the river and lake substrate cage of area to be repaired, to prevent gas punching from disturbing
Or in aeration process water body diffusion；
The gas punching is disturbed equipment and is located in the cover, disturbs for carrying out gas punching to the river and lake substrate；
The aerator is located in the cover, for being aerated to the river and lake substrate；
The air feed equipment is by corresponding gas piping, and equipment is disturbed in the respectively described gas punching and the aerator supplies
Gas；
Described device further include: sludge pump and liquid line；
The sludge pump is detached the mud mixture of the intracorporal river and lake substrate of cover by the liquid line described
Cover carries out dystopy processing.
2. device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include: the monitoring of oxidation-reduction potential ORP and sand factor fills
It sets；The monitoring device is used to monitor the ORP of river and lake substrate and the value of sand factor.
3. device as claimed in claim 1 or 2, which is characterized in that it includes multiple gas nozzles that equipment is disturbed in the gas punching, is laid close
Degree is 30-40/m2, it is 10-20cm at a distance from mud face.
4. a kind of river and lake substrate restorative procedure, which is characterized in that use river and lake substrate as claimed in any one of claims 1-3
Prosthetic device repairs the river and lake substrate of the area to be repaired, comprising:
River and lake substrate progress gas punching is disturbed and Air Exposure, the river and lake substrate contain organic pollutant；
Detach the mud mixture containing the organic pollutant；
The ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate are monitored；
When the ORP of the river and lake substrate and sand factor reach target level, by submerged plant seedling cultivation in the river and lake bottom
Matter.
5. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that as the ORP and sand factor miss the mark of the river and lake substrate
When horizontal, the aforementioned operation is executed again, until the ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate reach the target level.
6. method as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the ORP and sand factor to the river and lake substrate is supervised
It surveys, specifically includes:
Monitor ORP and sand factor of the river and lake substrate at predetermined depth；
Wherein, the predetermined depth is corresponding with the target level；
When the predetermined depth is 10cm, the target level are as follows: ORP is not less than -100mV, sand factor 50%~70%.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that it includes multiple gas nozzles, the gas nozzle that equipment is disturbed in the gas punching
Layout density be 30-40/m2, the gas nozzle is 10-20cm at a distance from mud face, and the gas velocity of each gas nozzle is 5~6m3/
h。
8. method as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the aerator is plate-type aerator, the disc type aeration
The gas velocity of device is 1~1.5m3/h。
9. the method as described in any one of claim 4-8, which is characterized in that first carry out the gas punching and disturb, then carry out institute
State Air Exposure；If what the gas punching was disturbed, which rushes, disturbs the time as 5~8min, the Air Exposure disturbs end in gas punching
It is carried out after at least 1min.
10. method as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that within the scope of the specific depth of water, plant the submerged plant children
Seedling, wherein the strain of the submerged plant seedling is long > 1cm, the specific depth of water range is within 2m, the submerged plant seedling
Planting density be 50-100 bud/m2。
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