CN110052689A - Single face welding and double face shaping welding method and welding structure suitable for horizontal position - Google Patents

Single face welding and double face shaping welding method and welding structure suitable for horizontal position Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110052689A
CN110052689A CN201910429663.8A CN201910429663A CN110052689A CN 110052689 A CN110052689 A CN 110052689A CN 201910429663 A CN201910429663 A CN 201910429663A CN 110052689 A CN110052689 A CN 110052689A
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welding
layer
base material
groove
end base
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CN110052689B (en
Inventor
孟令奇
江才林
李双燕
张文杨
刘鸣宇
张茂龙
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Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power Equipment Co Ltd
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Shanghai Electric Nuclear Power Equipment Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
    • B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/32—Accessories

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding method and welding structure suitable for horizontal position, it is contacted vertically between upper end base material and lower end base material, transverse weld groove is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, it welds to form bottoming layer in welding groove bottom using argonaut welding mode, formation filling layer is welded on bottoming layer using argonaut welding mode, filling layer fills up entire welding groove, and using argonaut welding mode, welding forms cap weld on the top edge of filling layer and welding groove.The present invention can be realized single face welding and double face shaping, obtain good weldquality, improves weld appearance molding, improves production efficiency, greatly reduce labor intensity, while propose that welding bead polishing and flaw detection require, and reduce welding defect caused by human factor.

Description

Single face welding and double face shaping welding method and welding structure suitable for horizontal position
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding methods and welding structure suitable for horizontal position.
Background technique
With the development of nuclear power industry, Small reactor is by the advantages that initial outlay is small, construction period is short, mobility is strong It is developed rapidly, can effectively solve the powerup issue that power grid is difficult to elongated area, such as with island, the sea of Development volue Upper drilling platforms, the biggish non-Electric region of electricity power engineering difficulty etc..Small reactor overall dimensions are small very compared to large nuclear-power equipment More, wall thickness is also relatively thin≤100mm, thus such reactor vessel can body base material mostly use nickel-base alloy or low-alloy greatly Steel.When heap container casing girth welding, since the narrow inner wall that leads to not of structure design reasons and inner space welds, weld seam is only It can be welded from outer wall and guarantee single face welding and double face shaping.Vertical dress horizontal position welding welding or the welding of sleeping dress level can be used in shell circumferential weld.
For domestic and international most of manufactories, dress horizontal position welding single face welding and double face shaping vertical for nickel-base alloy shell circumferential weld is more It is welded using manual argon arc welding, manual welding production efficiency bottom, and welder's large labor intensity, for a long time in high-temperature baking and toxic Operation will lead to since human factor generates welding defect in the environment of flue dust.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding method and welding structure suitable for horizontal position, Neng Goushi Existing single face welding and double face shaping, obtains good weldquality, improves weld appearance molding, improves production efficiency, greatly reduce Labor intensity, while proposing that welding bead polishing and flaw detection require, reduce welding defect caused by human factor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding side suitable for horizontal position Method comprising the steps of:
Step S1, upper end base material and lower end base material to be welded are assembled, is contacted vertically between upper end base material and lower end base material, Transverse weld groove is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material；
Step S2, it is welded using argonaut welding mode in welding groove bottom, forms bottoming layer；
Step S3, it is welded on bottoming layer using argonaut welding mode, forms filling layer, filling layer is filled out Full entire welding groove；
Step S4, it is welded with filling layer with base material junction on filling layer using argonaut welding mode, Form cap weld.
The upper end base material has bottom groove, which includes: top groove, lower part groove and root face, institute The lateral surface and lower part groove for the top groove connection upper end base material stated, angle between top groove and horizontal plane is 7 °~ 15 °, lower part groove connects top groove and root face, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, top groove Radius between the groove of lower part is 2~8mm, and top groove and the straight line junction of lower part groove are female apart from upper end The distance of material medial surface is 6~10mm, and root face connects the medial surface of lower part groove and upper end base material, the height of root face is 1~ 2mm；
The lower end base material has bottom groove, which includes: top groove, lower part groove and root face, institute The lateral surface and lower part groove for the top groove connection lower end base material stated, angle between top groove and horizontal plane is 3 °~ 10 °, lower part groove connects top groove and root face, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, top groove Radius between the groove of lower part is 2~8mm, and top groove and the straight line junction of lower part groove are female apart from lower end The distance of material medial surface is 6~10mm, and root face connects the medial surface of lower part groove and lower end base material, the height of root face is 1~ 2mm。
The method that the welding forms bottoming layer includes:
Welding gun tungsten bar position is adjusted, makes tungsten bar root apart from axis of a weld 0.5~1.5mm on the lower side；
In upper end, back protecting tool set-up is fixedly mounted in the medial surface of base material and lower end base material, and upper end is completely covered in back protecting tool set-up Gap between base material and lower end base material, and closed cavity space is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, to the envelope Be passed through in the cavity space closed purity be 99.99% straight argon gas, gas flow be 30~60L/min, duration of ventilation >= 15min；
It is welded, is formed at the root face of welding groove bottom using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding The root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is completely fused together by backing run, the backing run.
The method that the described welding forms filling layer includes: using the welding of multilayer multiple tracks argonaut welding not weave bead welding Mode to form multilayer filling layer to weld, and welds first layer on backing run and fills layer, on first layer filling layer It welds the second layer and fills layer, and so on, until filling layer fills up welding groove, each layer of filling layer includes At least two filler pass；
The method that the welding forms each layer of filling layer includes:
When the width of welding groove can accommodate two filler pass and welding first layer filling layer, first in lower end mother First of filler pass is welded on edge edge and bottoming layer, then in upper end base material edge, first of filler pass and backing welding Second filler pass is welded on layer；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate two filler pass and the non-first layer of welding fills layer, first in lower end First of filler pass is welded on base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, then at upper end base material edge, first of filler pass With welding second filler pass on upper one layer of filling layer；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate three filler pass, first welded at lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling First of filler pass is welded on layer, then welds second filler pass on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, Third road filler pass is finally welded on first of filler pass, second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate n filler pass, n >=4 are first filled out lower end base material edge and upper one layer It fills on layer and welds first of filler pass, then weld second filling on first of filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer Welding bead then welds third road filler pass on second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer, and so on, until weldering It is connected to the n-th -2 road filler pass, welds the (n-1)th filler pass on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, finally The n-th filler pass is welded on the n-th -2 road filler pass, the (n-1)th filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer.
The method that the welding forms cap weld includes: using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding It is welded with filling layer with base material junction on filling layer, forms cap weld, which includes n capping Welding bead, n >=4；
First welded first in the junction of the last layer filling upper and lower end base material of layer and the last layer filling layer Final pass, then second final pass is welded on first of final pass and the last layer filling layer, then second Third road final pass is welded on road final pass and the last layer filling layer, and so on, until being soldered to the n-th -2 drive cap Face welding bead, on upper end the last layer filling layer and the junction of upper end-face edge and the last layer filling layer welds (n-1)th Road final pass finally welds n-th on the n-th -2 road final pass, the (n-1)th final pass and the last layer filling layer Final pass.
When welding bottoming layer, filling layer and cap weld, welds main gas and welding auxiliary gas all uses purity For 99.99% straight argon gas, welding main gas flow is 15~30L/min, and welding auxiliary gas flow amount is 20~50L/ min；
It welds bottoming layer and welds the welding parameter of cap weld are as follows:
When gage of wire is 1.0mm, the peak point current of welding current is 200~250A, background current is 100~ 160A, weldingvoltage are 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.2mm, the peak point current of welding current is 220~260A, background current is 130~ 170A, weldingvoltage are 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.6mm, the peak point current of welding current is 230~270A, background current is 140~ 170A, weldingvoltage are 8~14V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1200mm/min；
The welding parameter of welding filling layer are as follows:
When gage of wire is 1.0mm, the peak point current of welding current is 200~270A, background current is 100~ 170A, weldingvoltage are 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.2mm, the peak point current of welding current is 220~280A, background current is 130~ 180A, weldingvoltage are 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.6mm, the peak point current of welding current is 230~280A, background current is 140~ 180A, weldingvoltage are 8~14V, and speed of welding is 70~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1200mm/min.
The welding structure that the single face welding and double face shaping welding method that the present invention also provides a kind of suitable for horizontal position is formed, The welding structure includes:
The transverse weld groove formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, which, which has, is located in base material The bottom of side, the upper end base material groove side wall positioned at upper end base material side, the lower end base material groove side wall positioned at lower end base material side, And positioned at the top of base material outboard end；
Bottoming layer is located at the bottom of welding groove, and the root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is completely molten It is combined, covers all the gap between upper end base material and lower end base material；
Multilayer fills layer, fills full entire welding groove, and first layer filling layer is located on bottoming layer, the second layer Filling layer is located on first layer filling layer, and so on, the last layer filling layer is located at layer second from the bottom filling layer On；
Cap weld is located on filling layer and fills layer and base material junction, covers all welding groove Top edge.
The upper end base material groove side wall includes: top groove and lower part groove, between top groove and horizontal plane Angle is 7 °~15 °, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, transition between top groove and lower part groove The radius of fillet is 2~8mm, and distance of the straight line junction of top groove and lower part groove apart from upper end base material medial surface is 6 ~10mm；
The lower end base material groove side wall includes: top groove and lower part groove, between top groove and horizontal plane Angle is 3 °~10 °, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, transition between top groove and lower part groove The radius of fillet is 2~8mm, and distance of the straight line junction of top groove and lower part groove apart from lower end base material medial surface is 6 ~10mm.
The each layer of filling layer includes at least two filler pass, the filler pass that each layer of filling layer includes Quantity is related to the width of welding groove locating for this layer filling layer, and the width of welding groove is wider, required filler pass Quantity is more；
When filling layer comprising two filler pass and the filling layer is that first layer fills layer, first of filling weldering Road is located on lower end base material edge and bottoming layer, and second filler pass is located at upper end base material edge, first of filler pass On bottoming layer；
When filling layer comprising two filler pass and the filling layer is not first layer filling layer, first of filling Welding bead is located on lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and second filler pass is located at upper end base material edge, first On filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer；
When filling layer comprising three filler pass, first of filler pass is located at lower end base material edge and upper one layer is filled out It fills on layer, second filler pass is located on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and third road filler pass is located at On first of filler pass, second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer；
When filling layer comprising n filler pass, n >=4, first of filler pass is located at lower end base material edge and upper one On layer filling layer, -2 road filler pass of second filler pass~the n-th is all located at one of filler pass and upper one layer of filling On layer, the (n-1)th filler pass is located on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and the n-th filler pass is located at the On the road n-2 filler pass, the (n-1)th filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer.
The cap weld includes n final pass, n >=4, and first of final pass is located at lower end base material and last On the junction and the last layer filling layer of layer filling layer, -2 road final pass of second final pass~the n-th is all located at On upper one of final pass and the last layer filling layer, the (n-1)th final pass is located at upper end base material and the last layer is filled On the junction of layer and the last layer filling layer, the n-th final pass is located at the n-th -2 road final pass, the (n-1)th capping On welding bead and the last layer filling layer.
The present invention uses argonaut welding horizontal position welding, can be realized single face welding and double face shaping, obtains good weldquality, change Kind weld appearance molding, improves production efficiency, greatly reduces labor intensity, while proposing that welding bead polishing and flaw detection are wanted It asks, reduces welding defect caused by human factor.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of single face welding and double face shaping welding method suitable for horizontal position provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of welding groove.
Fig. 3 is the enlarged diagram in the portion I in Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the welding schematic diagram of backing welding.
Fig. 5 is the welding schematic diagram of filling weldering.
Fig. 6 is the welding schematic diagram of cosmetic welding.
Fig. 7 is welded schematic diagram provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below according to FIG. 1 to FIG. 7, presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding method suitable for horizontal position, comprising with Lower step:
Step S1, upper end base material and lower end base material to be welded are assembled, is contacted vertically between upper end base material and lower end base material, Transverse weld groove is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material；
Step S2, it is welded using argonaut welding mode in welding groove bottom, forms bottoming layer；
Step S3, it is welded on bottoming layer using argonaut welding mode, forms filling layer, filling layer is filled out Full entire welding groove；
Step S4, it is welded with filling layer with base material junction on filling layer using argonaut welding mode, Form cap weld.
Present invention is generally directed to nickel-base alloys to be welded, and can also weld to stainless steel material, upper end base material and Lower end base material is if it is nickel-base alloy, then being welded using nickel-base alloy as solder, upper end base material and lower end base material If it is stainless steel, then then being welded using stainless steel as solder.
As shown in Fig. 2, the upper end base material is placed vertically with lower end base material, upper end base material (test specimen A) is arranged in lower end On base material (test specimen B), wall thickness L≤100mm of test specimen A and test specimen B are welded on the outside of test specimen A and test specimen B.
The test specimen A has bottom groove, which includes: top groove 101, lower part groove 102 and root face 103.The top groove 101 connects the lateral surface and lower part groove 102 of test specimen A, between top groove 101 and horizontal plane Angle [alpha] is 7 °~15 °.Lower part groove 102 connects top groove 101 and root face 103, between lower part groove 102 and vertical plane Angle γ 2 is 30 °~50 °, as shown in figure 3, having knuckle, the transition circle between top groove 101 and lower part groove 102 The radius R at angle is 2~8mm, distance h of the straight line junction of top groove 101 and lower part groove 102 apart from test specimen A medial surface For 6~10mm.Root face 103 connects the medial surface of lower part groove 102 and test specimen A, and the height δ of root face 103 is 1~2mm.
The test specimen B also has bottom groove, which includes: top groove 201, lower part groove 202 and blunt Side 203.The top groove 201 connects the lateral surface and lower part groove 202 of test specimen B, between top groove 201 and horizontal plane Angle beta be 3 °~10 °.Lower part groove 202 connects top groove 201 and root face 203, between lower part groove 202 and vertical plane Angle γ 1 be 30 °~50 °, between top groove 201 and lower part groove 202 have knuckle, the radius of the knuckle For 2~8mm, distance of the straight line junction of top groove 201 and lower part groove 202 apart from test specimen B medial surface is 6~10mm. Root face 203 connects the medial surface of lower part groove 202 and test specimen B, and the height δ of root face 203 is 1~2mm.
Because test specimen A is located at upside, test specimen B is located at downside, so enabling 101 inclination angle alpha of top groove on test specimen A big In 201 inclination angle beta of top groove on test specimen B, it can guarantee that weld metal can be with upper end base metals when welding in this way Preferably fusion, mistake variable≤1.5mm after assembly.
Before welding to the welding groove between upper end base material and lower end base material, need to do standard before necessary welding It is standby, include:
Around alcohol or acetone cleaning welding groove and welding groove, welding groove surface, to be welded is cleaned and cleared up Face and edge make welding groove water stain-free, oxide-free, influence welding qualities without greasy dirt, without accumulated slag and other any possibility Foreign substance.
Welder head include welding gun and walking mechanism, welding gun include tungsten bar and wire feeder, the tungsten bar diameter used forGage of wire isElectric current uses pulse current, according to the welding procedure set, Welder head is walked one time along workpiece weld seam, checks the distance between welding gun, tungsten electrode, wire feeding mouth and welding groove, Jiang Gebu Divide and be transferred to the position for facilitating the starting the arc, guarantees the arc stability in welding process.
As shown in figure 4, welding the method for forming bottoming layer includes in step S2:
Welding gun tungsten bar position is adjusted, makes tungsten bar root apart from axis of a weld 0.5~1.5mm on the lower side；
In upper end, back protecting tool set-up is fixedly mounted in the medial surface of base material and lower end base material, which can be using weldering It connects mode or bonding mode to connect with upper end base material and lower end base material, upper end base material should be able to be completely covered in back protecting tool set-up With the gap between the base material of lower end, and closed cavity space Z is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, carrying out bottoming Before weldering, the straight argon gas that purity is 99.99% is passed through into the closed cavity space Z, gas flow is 30~60L/ Min, duration of ventilation >=15min；
It is welded, is formed at the root face of welding groove bottom using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding The root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is completely fused together by backing run, the backing run；
Backing welding postwelding is visually inspected (VT) and liquid penetrant inspection (PT) to weld seam.
The welding parameter of backing welding is as shown in table 1, main gas flow be 15~30L/min, auxiliary gas flow amount be 20~ 50L/min, main gas and auxiliary gas all use purity for 99.99% straight argon gas；
1 backing welding welding parameter of table
As shown in figure 5, the method that welding forms filling layer includes in step S3:
Using the argonaut welding of multilayer multiple tracks, weave bead welding welding manner does not weld to form multilayer filling layer, until filling weldering Until layer fills up welding groove, each layer of filling layer contains at least two filler pass, specifically, on backing run It welding first layer and fills layer, the welding second layer fills layer on first layer filling layer, and so on, in layer second from the bottom It fills welding the last layer on layer and fills layer.
It when the width of welding groove can accommodate 2 welding bead quantity, welds from bottom to top, first welds welding bead 2, then weld Welding bead 3 is connect, then welds next layer of welding welding bead 4 and welding bead 5.
When the width of welding groove can accommodate 3 welding bead quantity, it is a-b-c that welding bead, which arranges road sequence, is first welded most lower Side is located at the welding bead a at lower end base material edge, then welds the welding bead b close to upside base material edge, finally welds welding bead c；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate 4 welding bead quantity, it is d-e-f-g that welding bead, which arranges road sequence, under first welding Base material side welding bead d is held, welding bead e is then welded, remaining space can accommodate two welding beads at this time, should first weld close to upside base material side The welding bead f of edge finally welds g welding bead；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate n welding bead quantity, it is located at lower end base material side from lower end base material side first Start to weld at edge, welding forms first welding bead on lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, then from bottom to top It successively welds, welding forms second welding bead on first welding bead and upper one layer of filling layer, in second welding bead and upper one Welding forms third welding bead on layer filling layer, and until welding forms the n-th -2 welding beads, remaining space at this time only may be used It accommodates two welding beads, is first welded since upper end base material side is located at upper end base material edge, at upper end base material edge and one layer upper It fills welding on layer and forms (n-1)th welding bead, finally on the n-th -2 welding beads, (n-1)th welding bead and upper one layer of filling layer Welding forms n-th of welding bead.
Fill weldering welding parameter it is as shown in table 2, main gas flow be 15~30L/min, auxiliary gas flow amount be 20~ 50L/min；
In the welding process for filling weldering, as thickness >=5mm of the welding metal in welding groove, back protection can be removed Tooling.
The filling weldering welding parameter of table 2
The all necessary thorough scarfing cinder of every one of welding bead, the overlapping regions between welding bead and welding bead must polish, rounding off.It is right Welding bead joint and arc crater region must polish round and smooth, removal arc crater harmful structure, oxide and impurity.It is cleared up in time after polishing Residue must not have welding slag fragment.
(VT) and liquid penetrant inspection (PT) are visually inspected to weld seam after each pass weld.
As shown in fig. 6, welding the method for forming cap weld includes in step S4:
Joined with filling layer with base material on filling layer using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding Place is welded, and cap weld is formed；
Cosmetic welding welding parameter is consistent with backing welding welding parameter；
Welding bead distributing order is Ι-II-III-IV-V, as shown in fig. 6, from bottom to top weld, first welds welding bead Ι, then according to Secondary welding II and welding bead III, remaining space accommodates two welding beads at this time, should first weld the welding bead IV above close to base material, finally Weld welding bead V；
Welding after the completion of polishing surface meet flaw detection require, carry out liquid penetrant inspection (PT), ultrasonic examination (UT) and Radiological survey X (RT).
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention also provides a kind of single face welding and double face shapings suitable for horizontal position to weld the weldering to be formed Binding structure includes:
The transverse weld groove 11 formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, which, which has, is located at mother The bottom 1011 of material inner end, the upper end base material groove side wall positioned at upper end base material side, the lower end base material positioned at lower end base material side Groove side wall and positioned at the top of base material outboard end 1012；
Bottoming layer 12 is located at the bottom of welding groove 11, and the root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is complete Fine melt is combined, and covers all the gap between upper end base material and lower end base material；
Multilayer fills layer 13, fills full entire welding groove 11, and first layer filling layer is located on bottoming layer, the Two layers of filling layer are located on first layer filling layer, and so on, the last layer filling layer is located at layer second from the bottom filling On layer；
Cap weld 14 is located on filling layer and fills layer and base material junction, covers all welding groove 11 top edge.
Further, as shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the upper end base material groove side wall includes: top groove 101 and lower part slope Mouth 102, the angle [alpha] between top groove 101 and horizontal plane are 7 °~15 °, the angle γ between lower part groove 102 and vertical plane 2 be 30 °~50 °, between top groove 101 and lower part groove 102 the radius R of knuckle be 2~8mm, top groove 101 with Distance h of the straight line junction of lower part groove 102 apart from upper end base material medial surface is 6~10mm.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 7, the lower end base material groove side wall includes: top groove 201 and lower part groove 202, on Angle beta between portion's groove 201 and horizontal plane is 3 °~10 °, the angle γ 1 between lower part groove 202 and vertical plane is 30 °~ 50 °, the radius R of knuckle is 2~8mm, top groove 201 and lower part groove between top groove 201 and lower part groove 202 Distance h of the 202 straight line junction apart from lower end base material medial surface is 6~10mm.
As shown in fig. 7, each layer of filling layer 13 includes at least two welding beads, each layer of filling layer includes Welding bead quantity is related to the width of welding groove locating for this layer filling layer, and the width of welding groove is wider, required welding bead Quantity is more.
When filling layer comprising two welding beads and the filling layer is that first layer fills layer, as shown in fig. 7, first Welding bead 2 is located on lower end base material edge and bottoming layer 1, and second welding bead 3 is located at upper end base material edge, first of 2 and of welding bead On bottoming layer 1.
When filling layer comprising two welding beads and the filling layer is not first layer filling layer, as shown in fig. 7, first Road welding bead 4 is located on lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and second welding bead 5 is located at upper end base material edge, first On welding bead 4 and upper one layer of filling layer.
When filling layer comprising three welding beads, as shown in fig. 7, first of welding bead a is located at lower end base material edge and upper one On layer filling layer, second welding bead b is located on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and third road welding bead c is positioned at the On one of welding bead a, second welding bead b and upper one layer of filling layer.
When filling layer comprising four welding beads, first of welding bead d is located at lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer On, second welding bead e is located on first of welding bead d and upper one layer of filling layer, third road welding bead f be located at upper end base material edge and On upper one layer of filling layer, the 4th welding bead g is located on second welding bead e, third road welding bead f and upper one layer of filling layer.
When filling layer comprising n (n > 4) welding beads, first of welding bead is located at lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling weldering On layer, -2 road welding bead of second welding bead~the n-th is all located on one of welding bead and upper one layer of filling layer, the (n-1)th welding bead position In on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, the n-th welding bead is located at the n-th -2 road welding bead, the (n-1)th welding bead and one layer upper It fills on layer.
As shown in fig. 7, the cap weld includes: at least four welding beads, by taking n (n > 4) welding beads as an example, first of weldering Road is located on the junction and the last layer filling layer of lower end base material and the last layer filling layer, second welding bead~the n-th- 2 welding beads are all located on one of welding bead and the last layer filling layer, and the (n-1)th welding bead is located at upper end base material and the last layer It fills on the junction and the last layer filling layer of layer, the n-th welding bead is located at the n-th -2 road welding bead, the (n-1)th welding bead and most Later layer is filled on layer.
The present invention uses argonaut welding horizontal position welding, can be realized single face welding and double face shaping, obtains good weldquality, change Kind weld appearance molding, improves production efficiency, greatly reduces labor intensity, while proposing that welding bead polishing and flaw detection are wanted It asks, reduces welding defect caused by human factor.
It is discussed in detail although the contents of the present invention have passed through above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read above content, for of the invention A variety of modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of single face welding and double face shaping welding method suitable for horizontal position, which is characterized in that comprise the steps of:
Step S1, upper end base material and lower end base material to be welded are assembled, is contacted vertically between upper end base material and lower end base material, upper end Transverse weld groove is formed between base material and lower end base material；
Step S2, it is welded using argonaut welding mode in welding groove bottom, forms bottoming layer；
Step S3, it is welded on bottoming layer using argonaut welding mode, forms filling layer, filling layer fills up whole A welding groove；
Step S4, it is welded, is formed with base material junction with filling layer on filling layer using argonaut welding mode Cap weld.
2. being suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that described Upper end base material have bottom groove, which includes: top groove, lower part groove and root face, the top groove The lateral surface and lower part groove for connecting upper end base material, the angle between top groove and horizontal plane are 7 °~15 °, and lower part groove connects Portion's groove and root face are connected, the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, between top groove and lower part groove Radius be 2~8mm, distance of the straight line junction of top groove and lower part groove apart from upper end base material medial surface For 6~10mm, root face connects the medial surface of lower part groove and upper end base material, and the height of root face is 1~2mm；
The lower end base material has bottom groove, which includes: top groove, lower part groove and root face, described Top groove connects the lateral surface and lower part groove of lower end base material, and the angle between top groove and horizontal plane is 3 °~10 °, under Portion's groove connects top groove and root face, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, top groove and lower part Radius between groove is 2~8mm, and the straight line junction of top groove and lower part groove is on the inside of the base material of lower end The distance in face is 6~10mm, and root face connects the medial surface of lower part groove and lower end base material, and the height of root face is 1~2mm.
3. being suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that described The welding method that forms bottoming layer include:
Welding gun tungsten bar position is adjusted, makes tungsten bar root apart from axis of a weld 0.5~1.5mm on the lower side；
In upper end, back protecting tool set-up is fixedly mounted in the medial surface of base material and lower end base material, and upper end base material is completely covered in back protecting tool set-up With the gap between the base material of lower end, and closed cavity space is formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, it is closed to this The straight argon gas that purity is 99.99% is passed through in cavity space, gas flow is 30~60L/min, duration of ventilation >=15min；
It is welded at the root face of welding groove bottom using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding, forms bottoming The root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is completely fused together by welding bead, the backing run.
4. being suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that described The welding method that forms filling layer include: shape is welded using the welding manner of multilayer multiple tracks argonaut welding not weave bead welding Layer is filled at multilayer, first layer is welded on backing run and fills layer, the welding second layer is filled out on first layer filling layer Layer is filled, and so on, until filling layer fills up welding groove, each layer of filling layer contains at least two filling Welding bead；
The method that the welding forms each layer of filling layer includes:
When the width of welding groove can accommodate two filler pass and welding first layer filling layer, first on lower end base material side First of filler pass is welded on edge and bottoming layer, then on upper end base material edge, first of filler pass and bottoming layer Weld second filler pass；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate two filler pass and the non-first layer of welding fills layer, first in lower end base material Weld first of filler pass on edge and upper one layer of filling layer, then upper end base material edge, first of filler pass and on Second filler pass is welded on one layer of filling layer；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate three filler pass, first on lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer First of filler pass is welded, then welds second filler pass on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, finally Third road filler pass is welded on first of filler pass, second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer；
When the width of welding groove can accommodate n filler pass, n >=4 are first welded at lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling First of filler pass is welded on layer, then welds second filling weldering on first of filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer Road then welds third road filler pass on second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer, and so on, until welding To the n-th -2 road filler pass, the (n-1)th filler pass is welded on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, is finally existed The n-th filler pass is welded on n-th -2 road filler pass, the (n-1)th filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer.
5. being suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that described The welding method that forms cap weld include: using the straight weldering welding manner of non-oscillatory argonaut welding on filling layer It is welded with filling layer with base material junction, forms cap weld, which includes n final pass, n >=4；
First first of capping is welded in the junction of the last layer filling upper and lower end base material of layer and the last layer filling layer Welding bead, then second final pass is welded on first of final pass and the last layer filling layer, then in the second drive cap Third road final pass is welded on face welding bead and the last layer filling layer, and so on, until being soldered to the n-th -2 road cosmetic welding Road, on upper end the last layer filling layer and the (n-1)th drive cap is welded in the junction of upper end-face edge and the last layer filling layer Face welding bead finally welds the n-th capping on the n-th -2 road final pass, the (n-1)th final pass and the last layer filling layer Welding bead.
6. being suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that welding Bottoming layer, filling layer and when cap weld, weld main gas and welding auxiliary gas all use purity for 99.99% it is pure Argon gas, welding main gas flow is 15~30L/min, and welding auxiliary gas flow amount is 20~50L/min；
It welds bottoming layer and welds the welding parameter of cap weld are as follows:
When gage of wire is 1.0mm, the peak point current of welding current is 200~250A, and background current is 100~160A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.2mm, the peak point current of welding current is 220~260A, and background current is 130~170A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.6mm, the peak point current of welding current is 230~270A, and background current is 140~170A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~14V, and speed of welding is 75~100mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1200mm/min；
The welding parameter of welding filling layer are as follows:
When gage of wire is 1.0mm, the peak point current of welding current is 200~270A, and background current is 100~170A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.2mm, the peak point current of welding current is 220~280A, and background current is 130~180A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~12V, and speed of welding is 75~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1300mm/min；
When gage of wire is 1.6mm, the peak point current of welding current is 230~280A, and background current is 140~180A, weldering Connecing voltage is 8~14V, and speed of welding is 70~110mm/min, and wire feed rate is 800~1200mm/min.
7. a kind of welding knot formed as claimed in claim 6 suitable for the single face welding and double face shaping welding method of horizontal position Structure, which is characterized in that the welding structure includes:
The transverse weld groove formed between upper end base material and lower end base material, which, which has, is located at base material inner end Bottom, the upper end base material groove side wall positioned at upper end base material side, the lower end base material groove side wall positioned at lower end base material side and Positioned at the top of base material outboard end；
Bottoming layer is located at the bottom of welding groove, the root face of the root face of upper end base material and lower end base material is fused completely Together, the gap between upper end base material and lower end base material is covered all；
Multilayer fills layer, fills full entire welding groove, and first layer filling layer is located on bottoming layer, second layer filling Layer is located on first layer filling layer, and so on, the last layer filling layer is located on layer second from the bottom filling layer；
Cap weld is located on filling layer and fills layer and base material junction, covers all the top of welding groove Edge.
8. welding structure as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the upper end base material groove side wall includes: top slope Mouth and lower part groove, the angle between top groove and horizontal plane is 7 °~15 °, and the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, the radius of knuckle is 2~8mm between top groove and lower part groove, and top groove is straight with lower part groove Distance of the line junction apart from upper end base material medial surface is 6~10mm；
The lower end base material groove side wall includes: top groove and lower part groove, the angle between top groove and horizontal plane It is 3 °~10 °, the angle between lower part groove and vertical plane is 30 °~50 °, knuckle between top groove and lower part groove Radius be 2~8mm, distance of the straight line junction of top groove and lower part groove apart from lower end base material medial surface be 6~ 10mm。
9. welding structure as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that each layer of filling layer includes at least two and fill out Fill welding bead, the width phase of the filler pass quantity that each layer of filling layer includes and welding groove locating for this layer filling layer It closes, the width of welding groove is wider, and required filler pass quantity is more；
When filling layer comprising two filler pass and the filling layer is that first layer fills layer, first of filler pass position In on lower end base material edge and bottoming layer, second filler pass is located at upper end base material edge, first of filler pass and beats On back welding layer；
When filling layer comprising two filler pass and the filling layer is not first layer filling layer, first of filler pass On lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, second filler pass is located at upper end base material edge, first of filling On welding bead and upper one layer of filling layer；
When filling layer comprising three filler pass, first of filler pass is located at lower end base material edge and upper one layer of filling weldering On layer, second filler pass is located on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and third road filler pass is located at first On road filler pass, second filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer；
When filling layer comprising n filler pass, n >=4, first of filler pass is located at lower end base material edge and upper one layer is filled out It fills on layer, -2 road filler pass of second filler pass~the n-th is all located at one of filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer On, the (n-1)th filler pass is located on upper end base material edge and upper one layer of filling layer, and the n-th filler pass is located at the n-th -2 road On filler pass, the (n-1)th filler pass and upper one layer of filling layer.
10. welding structure as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that the cap weld include n final pass, n >= 4, first of final pass is located on the junction and the last layer filling layer of lower end base material and the last layer filling layer, the - 2 road final pass of two final pass~the n-th is all located on one of final pass and the last layer filling layer, and (n-1)th Final pass is located on the junction and the last layer filling layer of upper end base material and the last layer filling layer, the n-th capping Welding bead is located on the n-th -2 road final pass, the (n-1)th final pass and the last layer filling layer.
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