CN110052689B - Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position - Google Patents
Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110052689B CN110052689B CN201910429663.8A CN201910429663A CN110052689B CN 110052689 B CN110052689 B CN 110052689B CN 201910429663 A CN201910429663 A CN 201910429663A CN 110052689 B CN110052689 B CN 110052689B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- welding
- layer
- filling
- groove
- bead
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/02—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts
- B23K9/028—Seam welding; Backing means; Inserts for curved planar seams
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/167—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a non-consumable electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/32—Accessories
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Butt Welding And Welding Of Specific Article (AREA)
Abstract
A single-sided welding double-sided forming welding method and a welding structure suitable for a transverse welding position are characterized in that an upper end base metal and a lower end base metal are vertically contacted, a transverse welding groove is formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, a backing welding layer is formed at the bottom of the welding groove in a welding mode of automatic argon arc welding, a filling welding layer is formed on the backing welding layer in a welding mode of automatic argon arc welding, the whole welding groove is filled with the filling welding layer, and a cover welding layer is formed on the top edges of the filling welding layer and the welding groove in a welding mode of automatic argon arc welding. The invention can realize single-side welding and double-side forming, obtain good weld quality, improve weld appearance forming, improve production efficiency, greatly reduce labor intensity, simultaneously provide welding bead polishing and flaw detection requirements, and reduce welding defects caused by human factors.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and a welding structure suitable for a transverse welding position.
Background
With the development of the nuclear power industry, the small-sized reactor is rapidly developed by virtue of the advantages of small initial investment, short construction period, strong mobility and the like, and can effectively solve the power supply problem of a difficult-to-extend area of a power grid, such as islands with development value, offshore drilling platforms, power-free areas with high power grid engineering difficulty and the like. Compared with large nuclear power equipment, the whole size of the small reactor is much smaller, and the wall thickness is relatively thin and less than or equal to 100mm, so that the base metal of the reactor container can be mostly nickel-based alloy or low alloy steel. When the pile container shell is welded by circular seam, the inner wall can not be welded due to structural design reasons and narrow internal space, and the welding seam can only be welded from the outer wall and ensures single-sided welding and double-sided molding. The shell circumferential seam can be welded by vertical transverse welding or horizontal transverse welding.
For most of manufacturing factories at home and abroad, circular seam vertical transverse welding single-sided welding double-sided forming of nickel-based alloy shells is carried out, manual argon arc welding is adopted, the manual welding production efficiency is low, the labor intensity of welders is high, and welding defects can be caused by human factors due to long-time operation in the environment of high-temperature baking and toxic smoke dust.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single-side welding double-side forming welding method and a welding structure suitable for a transverse welding position, which can realize single-side welding double-side forming, obtain good welding seam quality, improve welding seam appearance forming, improve production efficiency, greatly reduce labor intensity, and simultaneously provide welding bead polishing and flaw detection requirements and reduce welding defects caused by human factors.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a single-sided welding and double-sided molding welding method suitable for a transverse welding position, comprising the following steps:
step S1, assembling an upper end base metal and a lower end base metal to be welded, wherein the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal vertically contact each other, and a transverse welding groove is formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal;
s2, welding is carried out at the bottom of the welding groove in an automatic argon arc welding mode, and a backing welding layer is formed;
s3, welding is carried out on the backing welding layer in an automatic argon arc welding mode, a filling welding layer is formed, and the filling welding layer fills the whole welding groove;
and S4, welding the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding mode to form a cover surface welding layer.
The upper end parent metal have a bottom groove, this bottom groove contains: the upper groove is connected with the outer side surface of the upper end base metal and the lower groove, the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees, the lower groove is connected with the upper groove and the blunt edge, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, the distance between the linear junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the upper end base metal is 6-10 mm, and the blunt edge is connected with the inner side surface of the lower groove and the upper end base metal, and the height of the blunt edge is 1-2 mm;
the lower end base material has a bottom groove, which comprises: the upper groove is connected with the outer side face of the lower end base metal and the lower groove, the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees, the lower groove is connected with the upper groove and the blunt edge, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side face of the lower end base metal is 6-10 mm, and the blunt edge is connected with the inner side face of the lower groove and the inner side face of the lower end base metal, and the height of the blunt edge is 1-2 mm.
The method for forming the priming welding layer by welding comprises the following steps:
adjusting the position of a tungsten rod of the welding gun to enable the root of the tungsten rod to be 0.5-1.5 mm away from the central line of the welding line;
a back protection tool is fixedly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, the back protection tool completely covers a gap between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, a closed cavity space is formed between the back protection tool and the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99% is introduced into the closed cavity space, the gas flow is 30-60L/min, and the ventilation time is more than or equal to 15min;
and welding at the blunt edge of the bottom of the welding groove in an automatic argon arc welding straight welding mode without swinging to form a priming weld bead, wherein the priming weld bead completely fuses the blunt edge of the upper end base metal and the blunt edge of the lower end base metal together.
The method for forming the filling welding layer by welding comprises the following steps: welding by adopting a multi-layer multi-pass automatic argon arc welding mode without swing welding to form a multi-layer filling welding layer, welding a first layer of filling welding layer on a backing welding bead, welding a second layer of filling welding layer on the first layer of filling welding layer, and the like until the filling welding layer fills up a welding groove, wherein each layer of filling welding layer comprises at least two filling welding beads;
the method for forming each filling welding layer by welding comprises the following steps:
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate two filling weld beads and the first filling weld layer is welded, the first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower base material and the backing weld layer, and then the second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling weld bead and the backing weld layer;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate two filling weld beads and a non-first filling weld layer is welded, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling weld layer, and then a second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate three filling weld beads, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower end base metal and the upper layer of filling weld beads, a second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper end base metal and the upper layer of filling weld beads, and a third filling weld bead is welded on the first filling weld bead, the second filling weld bead and the upper layer of filling weld beads;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate n filling weld beads, n is more than or equal to 4, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower end base metal and the upper filling weld layer, a second filling weld bead is welded on the first filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer, a third filling weld bead is welded on the second filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer, and so on until the welding is carried out on the n-2 th filling weld bead, the n-1 th filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper end base metal and the upper filling weld layer, and finally the n-2 th filling weld bead, the n-1 th filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer are welded on the n-1 th filling weld bead.
The method for forming the cover surface welding layer by welding comprises the following steps: welding is carried out on the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding direct welding mode without swinging to form a cover welding layer, wherein the cover welding layer comprises n cover welding beads, and n is more than or equal to 4;
welding a first cover bead at the joint of the upper and lower end base materials of the last layer of filling welding layer and the last layer of filling welding layer, welding a second cover bead on the first cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, welding a third cover bead on the second cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, and so on until the third cover bead is welded to the n-2 cover bead, welding the n-1 cover bead on the last layer of filling welding layer at the upper end and the joint of the upper edge and the last layer of filling welding layer, and finally welding the n-2 cover bead, the n-1 cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer.
When the backing welding layer, the filling welding layer and the cover welding layer are welded, pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99% is adopted as welding main gas and welding auxiliary gas, the flow rate of the welding main gas is 15-30L/min, and the flow rate of the welding auxiliary gas is 20-50L/min;
the welding parameters of the welding backing welding layer and the welding cover welding layer are as follows:
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0mm, the peak current of the welding current is 200-250A, the base value current is 100-160A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the peak current of the welding current is 220-260A, the base value current is 130-170A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.6mm, the peak current of the welding current is 230-270A, the base value current is 140-170A, the welding voltage is 8-14V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1200 mm/min;
the welding parameters of the welding filling welding layer are as follows:
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0mm, the peak current of the welding current is 200-270A, the base value current is 100-170A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the peak current of the welding current is 220-280A, the base value current is 130-180A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.6mm, the peak current of the welding current is 230-280A, the base current is 140-180A, the welding voltage is 8-14V, the welding speed is 70-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1200 mm/min.
The invention also provides a welding structure formed by a single-sided welding double-sided molding welding method suitable for a transverse welding position, which comprises the following steps:
a transverse welding groove formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, wherein the transverse welding groove is provided with a bottom part positioned at the inner side end of the base metal, an upper end base metal groove side wall positioned at the upper end base metal side, a lower end base metal groove side wall positioned at the lower end base metal side and a top part positioned at the outer side end of the base metal;
a priming welding layer which is positioned at the bottom of the welding groove and is used for completely fusing the blunt edge of the upper end base metal and the blunt edge of the lower end base metal together and completely covering the gap between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal;
a multi-layer filler layer filling the entire weld groove, the first layer filler layer being on the primer layer, the second layer filler layer being on the first layer filler layer, and so on, the last layer filler layer being on the penultimate layer filler layer;
and the cover surface welding layer is positioned on the filling welding layer and at the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material, and completely covers the top edge of the welding groove.
The side wall of the groove of the upper end base metal comprises: the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, and the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the upper end base metal is 6-10 mm;
the side wall of the lower end base metal groove comprises: the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of the transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, and the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the base metal at the lower end is 6-10 mm.
Each layer of filling welding layer at least comprises two filling welding beads, the number of the filling welding beads contained in each layer of filling welding layer is related to the width of a welding groove where the filling welding layer is positioned, and the wider the width of the welding groove is, the more the number of the filling welding beads is needed;
when the filling welding layer comprises two filling welding beads and the filling welding layer is a first filling welding layer, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the priming welding layer, and the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling welding bead and the priming welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises two filling welding beads and the filling welding layer is not a first filling welding layer, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises three filling welding beads, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling welding layer, the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the third filling welding bead is positioned on the first filling welding bead, the second filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises n filling welding beads, n is more than or equal to 4, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower end base material and the upper filling welding layer, the second to n-2 filling welding beads are positioned on the upper filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer, the n-1 filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper end base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the n-2 filling welding beads, the n-1 filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer.
The cover welding layer comprises n cover welding beads, n is more than or equal to 4, the first cover welding bead is positioned at the joint of the lower end base material and the last layer of filling welding layer and on the last layer of filling welding layer, the second cover welding bead-the n-2 cover welding beads are positioned on the upper cover welding bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, the n-1 cover welding bead is positioned at the joint of the upper end base material and the last layer of filling welding layer and on the last layer of filling welding layer, and the n-2 cover welding beads, the n-1 cover welding bead and the last layer of filling welding layer are positioned.
The invention adopts automatic argon arc welding transverse welding, can realize single-sided welding and double-sided forming, obtain good weld quality, improve weld appearance forming, improve production efficiency, greatly reduce labor intensity, and simultaneously provide welding bead polishing and flaw detection requirements, and reduce welding defects caused by human factors.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a single-sided welding double-sided forming welding method suitable for a transverse welding position.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a weld groove.
Fig. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of the section I in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the welding of the primer welding.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the filler metal welding.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a welding of a cap weld.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a welded structure provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes a preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention provides a single-sided welding and double-sided molding welding method suitable for a transverse welding position, comprising the following steps:
step S1, assembling an upper end base metal and a lower end base metal to be welded, wherein the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal vertically contact each other, and a transverse welding groove is formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal;
s2, welding is carried out at the bottom of the welding groove in an automatic argon arc welding mode, and a backing welding layer is formed;
s3, welding is carried out on the backing welding layer in an automatic argon arc welding mode, a filling welding layer is formed, and the filling welding layer fills the whole welding groove;
and S4, welding the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding mode to form a cover surface welding layer.
The invention mainly aims at the nickel-based alloy welding, and can also weld stainless steel materials, if the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal are nickel-based alloys, the nickel-based alloys are adopted as welding materials for welding, and if the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal are stainless steel, the stainless steel is adopted as welding materials for welding.
As shown in FIG. 2, the upper base material and the lower base material are vertically arranged, the upper base material (test piece A) is arranged on the lower base material (test piece B), the wall thickness L of the test piece A and the test piece B is less than or equal to 100mm, and the welding is carried out from the outer sides of the test piece A and the test piece B.
The test piece A is provided with a bottom groove, and the bottom groove comprises: upper bevel 101, lower bevel 102, and blunt edge 103. The upper groove 101 is connected with the outer side face of the test piece A and the lower groove 102, and the angle alpha between the upper groove 101 and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees. The lower groove 102 connects the upper groove 101 and the blunt edge 103, the angle γ2 between the lower groove 102 and the vertical plane is 30 ° to 50 °, as shown in fig. 3, a transition fillet is provided between the upper groove 101 and the lower groove 102, the radius R of the transition fillet is 2 to 8mm, and the distance h between the straight line junction of the upper groove 101 and the lower groove 102 and the inner side surface of the test piece a is 6 to 10mm. The blunt edge 103 connects the lower bevel 102 and the inner side surface of the test piece a, and the height δ of the blunt edge 103 is 1 to 2mm.
The test piece B also has a bottom bevel comprising: upper bevel 201, lower bevel 202, and blunt edge 203. The upper groove 201 is connected with the outer side face of the test piece B and the lower groove 202, and the angle beta between the upper groove 201 and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees. The lower groove 202 is connected with the upper groove 201 and the blunt edge 203, the angle gamma 1 between the lower groove 202 and the vertical plane is 30 degrees to 50 degrees, a transition fillet is arranged between the upper groove 201 and the lower groove 202, the radius of the transition fillet is 2 to 8mm, and the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove 201 and the lower groove 202 and the inner side surface of the test piece B is 6 to 10mm. The blunt edge 203 connects the lower bevel 202 and the inner surface of the test piece B, and the height δ of the blunt edge 203 is 1 to 2mm.
Because the test piece A is positioned on the upper side and the test piece B is positioned on the lower side, the inclination angle alpha of the upper groove 101 on the test piece A is larger than the inclination angle beta of the upper groove 201 on the test piece B, so that the weld metal can be fused with the upper end base metal better during welding, and the error amount after assembly is less than or equal to 1.5mm.
Before welding a weld groove between an upper base material and a lower base material, necessary preparation before welding is required, including:
the welding groove and the periphery of the welding groove are cleaned by adopting alcohol or acetone, and the surface, the surface to be welded and the edge of the welding groove are cleaned and cleaned, so that the welding groove is free from water stains, oxides, oil stains, residues and any other foreign substances which can affect the welding quality.
The welding machine head comprises a welding gun and a travelling mechanism, wherein the welding gun comprises a tungsten rod and a wire feeding mechanism, and the diameter of the tungsten rod isThe diameter of the welding wire is +.>The current adopts pulse current, and according to the set welding procedure, the welding machine head walks once along the welding line of the workpiece, the distances among the welding gun, the tungsten electrode, the wire feeding nozzle and the welding groove are checked, and all parts are adjusted to the position convenient for arcing, so that the arc stability in the welding process is ensured.
As shown in fig. 4, in step S2, the method for forming the primer layer by welding includes:
adjusting the position of a tungsten rod of the welding gun to enable the root of the tungsten rod to be 0.5-1.5 mm away from the central line of the welding line;
a back protection tool is fixedly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, the back protection tool can be connected with the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal in a welding mode or a bonding mode, the back protection tool can completely cover a gap between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, a closed cavity space Z is formed between the back protection tool and the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99% is introduced into the closed cavity space Z before backing welding is carried out, the gas flow is 30-60L/min, and the ventilation time is more than or equal to 15min;
welding is carried out at the blunt edge of the bottom of the welding groove in a non-swinging automatic argon arc welding straight welding mode, so as to form a priming weld bead, and the priming weld bead completely fuses the blunt edge of the upper end base metal and the blunt edge of the lower end base metal together;
after the backing weld, the weld is visually inspected (VT) and liquid penetration inspected (PT).
The welding parameters of the backing welding are shown in table 1, the main gas flow is 15-30L/min, the auxiliary gas flow is 20-50L/min, and the main gas and the auxiliary gas are pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99%;
TABLE 1 backing weld parameters
As shown in fig. 5, in step S3, the method for forming the filler layer by welding includes:
and (3) adopting a multi-layer multi-pass automatic argon arc welding mode to weld to form a multi-layer filling welding layer in a non-swinging welding mode until the filling welding layer fills up the welding groove, wherein each layer of filling welding layer comprises at least two filling welding beads, specifically, a first layer of filling welding layer is welded on a backing welding bead, a second layer of filling welding layer is welded on the first layer of filling welding layer, and the like, and a last layer of filling welding layer is welded on the penultimate filling welding layer.
When the width of the welding groove can accommodate 2 welding beads, welding is performed from bottom to top, welding bead 2 is performed, welding bead 3 is performed, and then welding bead 4 and bead 5 of the next layer are performed.
When the width of the welding groove can accommodate 3 welding beads, the sequence of the welding bead arrangement is a-b-c, firstly welding a welding bead a of which the lowest side is positioned at the edge of the lower base material, then welding a welding bead b which is close to the edge of the upper base material, and finally welding a welding bead c;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate 4 welding beads, the sequence of the welding bead arrangement is d-e-f-g, the welding bead d at the side of the base material at the lower end is welded firstly, then the welding bead e is welded, at the moment, the residual space can accommodate two welding beads, the welding bead f close to the edge of the base material at the upper side is welded firstly, and finally the welding bead g is welded;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate n welding beads, the welding is started from the lower end base metal side to the lower end base metal edge, a first welding bead is formed on the lower end base metal edge and the upper layer of filling welding layer, then the first welding bead and the upper layer of filling welding layer are sequentially welded from bottom to top, a second welding bead is formed on the first welding bead and the upper layer of filling welding layer, a third welding bead is formed on the second welding bead and the upper layer of filling welding layer until the welding is performed to form an n-2 welding bead, the rest space can accommodate only two welding beads, the welding is started from the upper end base metal side to the upper end base metal edge, the n-1 welding bead is formed on the upper end base metal edge and the upper layer of filling welding layer, and finally the n-2 welding bead, the n-1 welding bead and the upper layer of filling welding layer are formed.
The welding parameters of the filling welding are shown in the table 2, the main gas flow is 15-30L/min, and the auxiliary gas flow is 20-50L/min;
in the welding process of filling welding, when the thickness of the welding metal in the welding groove is more than or equal to 5mm, the back protection tool can be removed.
TABLE 2 filler weld parameters
Each welding bead must be thoroughly cleaned of slag, and the lap joint area between the welding beads must be polished and smoothly transited. The joint of the welding line and the arc pit area must be polished smoothly to remove bad structures, oxides and impurities in the arc pit. And cleaning residues in time after polishing, and obtaining no welding slag fragments.
After each pass was welded, the weld was visually inspected (VT) and liquid penetration inspected (PT).
As shown in fig. 6, in step S4, the method for forming the cap welding layer includes:
welding on the filling welding layer and the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding direct welding mode without swinging to form a cover welding layer;
the welding parameters of the cover surface welding are consistent with those of the backing welding;
the arrangement sequence of the welding beads is I-II-III-IV-V, as shown in fig. 6, welding is carried out from bottom to top, welding is carried out firstly, then welding is carried out on the I welding bead, II and III welding are carried out sequentially, at the moment, the residual space accommodates two welding beads, the welding bead IV close to a base material on the upper surface is welded firstly, and finally welding is carried out on the welding bead V;
after the welding is finished, the surface is polished to meet the requirements of flaw detection, and liquid penetration inspection (PT), ultrasonic inspection (UT) and radiographic inspection (RT) are carried out.
As shown in fig. 7, the present invention further provides a welding structure formed by single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding, which is suitable for a transverse welding position, and comprises:
a transverse welding groove 11 formed between the upper base material and the lower base material, the transverse welding groove 11 having a bottom 1011 at the inner side of the base material, an upper base material groove sidewall at the upper base material side, a lower base material groove sidewall at the lower base material side, and a top 1012 at the outer side of the base material;
a priming layer 12 located at the bottom of the welding groove 11, which completely fuses the blunt edge of the upper base material and the blunt edge of the lower base material together, and completely covers the gap between the upper base material and the lower base material;
a multi-layer filler layer 13 filling the entire weld groove 11, the first layer filler layer being on the primer layer, the second layer filler layer being on the first layer filler layer, and so on, the last layer filler layer being on the penultimate layer filler layer;
and a cover welding layer 14 which is positioned on the filler welding layer and at the joint of the filler welding layer and the base material and completely covers the top edge of the welding groove 11.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 7, the upper base material groove side wall includes: the angle alpha between the upper groove 101 and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees, the angle gamma 2 between the lower groove 102 and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius R of the transition fillet between the upper groove 101 and the lower groove 102 is 2-8 mm, and the distance h between the straight line junction of the upper groove 101 and the lower groove 102 and the inner side surface of the upper base material is 6-10 mm.
As shown in fig. 2 and 7, the lower base material groove side wall includes: the angle beta between the upper groove 201 and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees, the angle gamma 1 between the lower groove 202 and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius R of the transition fillet between the upper groove 201 and the lower groove 202 is 2-8 mm, and the distance h between the straight line junction of the upper groove 201 and the lower groove 202 and the inner side surface of the lower base material is 6-10 mm.
As shown in fig. 7, each layer of the filler layer 13 includes at least two welding beads, and each layer of the filler layer includes a number of welding beads related to the width of the welding groove where the layer of the filler layer is located, and the wider the welding groove, the more welding beads are required.
When the filler layer includes two welding beads and is a first filler layer, as shown in fig. 7, the first welding bead 2 is located on the lower base material edge and the primer layer 1, and the second welding bead 3 is located on the upper base material edge, the first welding bead 2, and the primer layer 1.
When the filler layer includes two weld beads and the filler layer is not the first filler layer, as shown in fig. 7, the first weld bead 4 is located on the lower base material edge and the upper filler layer, and the second weld bead 5 is located on the upper base material edge, the first weld bead 4, and the upper filler layer.
When the filler layer includes three passes, as shown in fig. 7, a first pass a is located on the lower base material edge and the upper filler layer, a second pass b is located on the upper base material edge and the upper filler layer, and a third pass c is located on the first pass a, the second pass b, and the upper filler layer.
When the filling welding layer comprises four welding beads, the first welding bead d is positioned on the edge of the lower end base material and the upper filling welding layer, the second welding bead e is positioned on the first welding bead d and the upper filling welding layer, the third welding bead f is positioned on the edge of the upper end base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the fourth welding bead g is positioned on the second welding bead e, the third welding bead f and the upper filling welding layer.
When the filler layer contains n (n > 4) welding beads, the first welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filler layer, the second to n-2 welding beads are positioned on the upper welding bead and the upper filler layer, the n-1 welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material and the upper filler layer, and the n-2 welding bead, the n-1 welding bead and the upper filler layer.
As shown in fig. 7, the cover welding layer includes: at least four welding beads, taking n (n > 4) welding beads as an example, wherein the first welding bead is positioned at the joint of the lower end base material and the last layer of filling welding layer and on the last layer of filling welding layer, the second to n-2 welding beads are positioned on the last welding bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, the n-1 welding bead is positioned at the joint of the upper end base material and the last layer of filling welding layer and on the last layer of filling welding layer, and the n-2 welding beads, the n-1 welding bead and the last layer of filling welding layer.
The invention adopts automatic argon arc welding transverse welding, can realize single-sided welding and double-sided forming, obtain good weld quality, improve weld appearance forming, improve production efficiency, greatly reduce labor intensity, and simultaneously provide welding bead polishing and flaw detection requirements, and reduce welding defects caused by human factors.
While the present invention has been described in detail through the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment, it should be understood that the foregoing description is not to be considered as limiting the invention. Many modifications and substitutions of the present invention will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the foregoing. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.
Claims (6)
1. The single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method suitable for the transverse welding position is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step S1, assembling an upper end base metal and a lower end base metal to be welded, wherein the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal vertically contact each other, and a transverse welding groove is formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal;
the upper end parent metal have a bottom groove, this bottom groove contains: the upper groove is connected with the outer side surface of the upper end base metal and the lower groove, the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees, the lower groove is connected with the upper groove and the blunt edge, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, the distance between the linear junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the upper end base metal is 6-10 mm, and the blunt edge is connected with the inner side surface of the lower groove and the upper end base metal, and the height of the blunt edge is 1-2 mm;
the lower end base material has a bottom groove, which comprises: the upper groove is connected with the outer side face of the lower end base metal and the lower groove, the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees, the lower groove is connected with the upper groove and the blunt edge, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side face of the lower end base metal is 6-10 mm, and the blunt edge is connected with the inner side face of the lower groove and the inner side face of the lower end base metal, and the height of the blunt edge is 1-2 mm;
s2, welding is carried out at the bottom of the welding groove in an automatic argon arc welding mode, and a backing welding layer is formed;
the method for forming the priming welding layer by welding comprises the following steps:
adjusting the position of a tungsten rod of the welding gun to enable the root of the tungsten rod to be 0.5-1.5 mm away from the central line of the welding line;
a back protection tool is fixedly arranged on the inner side surfaces of the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, the back protection tool completely covers a gap between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, a closed cavity space is formed between the back protection tool and the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99% is introduced into the closed cavity space, the gas flow is 30-60L/min, and the ventilation time is more than or equal to 15min;
welding is carried out at the blunt edge of the bottom of the welding groove in a non-swinging automatic argon arc welding straight welding mode, so as to form a priming weld bead, and the priming weld bead completely fuses the blunt edge of the upper end base metal and the blunt edge of the lower end base metal together;
s3, welding is carried out on the backing welding layer in an automatic argon arc welding mode, a filling welding layer is formed, and the filling welding layer fills the whole welding groove;
the method for forming the filling welding layer by welding comprises the following steps: welding by adopting a multi-layer multi-pass automatic argon arc welding mode without swing welding to form a multi-layer filling welding layer, welding a first layer of filling welding layer on a backing welding bead, welding a second layer of filling welding layer on the first layer of filling welding layer, and the like until the filling welding layer fills up a welding groove, wherein each layer of filling welding layer comprises at least two filling welding beads;
the method for forming each filling welding layer by welding comprises the following steps:
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate two filling weld beads and the first filling weld layer is welded, the first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower base material and the backing weld layer, and then the second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling weld bead and the backing weld layer;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate two filling weld beads and a non-first filling weld layer is welded, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling weld layer, and then a second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate three filling weld beads, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower end base metal and the upper layer of filling weld beads, a second filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the upper end base metal and the upper layer of filling weld beads, and a third filling weld bead is welded on the first filling weld bead, the second filling weld bead and the upper layer of filling weld beads;
when the width of the welding groove can accommodate n filling weld beads, n is more than or equal to 4, a first filling weld bead is welded on the edge of the lower end base metal and the upper filling weld layer, a second filling weld bead is welded on the first filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer, a third filling weld bead is welded on the second filling weld bead and the upper filling weld layer, and so on until the welding groove is welded to the n-2 filling weld beads, the n-1 filling weld beads are welded on the edge of the upper end base metal and the upper filling weld layer, and finally the n-2 filling weld beads, the n-1 filling weld beads and the upper filling weld layer are welded;
s4, welding the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding mode to form a cover surface welding layer;
the method for forming the cover surface welding layer by welding comprises the following steps: welding is carried out on the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material by adopting an automatic argon arc welding direct welding mode without swinging to form a cover welding layer, wherein the cover welding layer comprises n cover welding beads, and n is more than or equal to 4;
welding a first cover bead at the joint of the upper and lower end base materials of the last layer of filling welding layer and the last layer of filling welding layer, welding a second cover bead on the first cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, welding a third cover bead on the second cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer, and so on until the third cover bead is welded to the n-2 cover bead, welding the n-1 cover bead on the last layer of filling welding layer at the upper end and the joint of the upper edge and the last layer of filling welding layer, and finally welding the n-2 cover bead, the n-1 cover bead and the last layer of filling welding layer.
2. The single-sided welding double-sided molding welding method suitable for the transverse welding position according to claim 1, wherein when the backing welding layer, the filling welding layer and the cover welding layer are welded, pure argon gas with the purity of 99.99% is adopted as welding main gas and welding auxiliary gas, the flow rate of the welding main gas is 15-30L/min, and the flow rate of the welding auxiliary gas is 20-50L/min;
the welding parameters of the welding backing welding layer and the welding cover welding layer are as follows:
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0mm, the peak current of the welding current is 200-250A, the base value current is 100-160A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the peak current of the welding current is 220-260A, the base value current is 130-170A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.6mm, the peak current of the welding current is 230-270A, the base value current is 140-170A, the welding voltage is 8-14V, the welding speed is 75-100 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1200 mm/min;
the welding parameters of the welding filling welding layer are as follows:
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.0mm, the peak current of the welding current is 200-270A, the base value current is 100-170A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.2mm, the peak current of the welding current is 220-280A, the base value current is 130-180A, the welding voltage is 8-12V, the welding speed is 75-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1300 mm/min;
when the diameter of the welding wire is 1.6mm, the peak current of the welding current is 230-280A, the base current is 140-180A, the welding voltage is 8-14V, the welding speed is 70-110 mm/min, and the wire feeding speed is 800-1200 mm/min.
3. A welded structure formed by the single-sided welding double-sided forming welding method applicable to a transverse welding position as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the welded structure comprises:
a transverse welding groove formed between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal, wherein the transverse welding groove is provided with a bottom part positioned at the inner side end of the base metal, an upper end base metal groove side wall positioned at the upper end base metal side, a lower end base metal groove side wall positioned at the lower end base metal side and a top part positioned at the outer side end of the base metal;
a priming welding layer which is positioned at the bottom of the welding groove and is used for completely fusing the blunt edge of the upper end base metal and the blunt edge of the lower end base metal together and completely covering the gap between the upper end base metal and the lower end base metal;
a multi-layer filler layer filling the entire weld groove, the first layer filler layer being on the primer layer, the second layer filler layer being on the first layer filler layer, and so on, the last layer filler layer being on the penultimate layer filler layer;
and the cover surface welding layer is positioned on the filling welding layer and at the joint of the filling welding layer and the base material, and completely covers the top edge of the welding groove.
4. The welding structure of claim 3, wherein said upper base material bevel sidewall comprises: the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 7-15 degrees, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of a transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, and the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the upper end base metal is 6-10 mm;
the side wall of the lower end base metal groove comprises: the angle between the upper groove and the horizontal plane is 3-10 degrees, the angle between the lower groove and the vertical plane is 30-50 degrees, the radius of the transition fillet between the upper groove and the lower groove is 2-8 mm, and the distance between the straight line junction of the upper groove and the lower groove and the inner side surface of the base metal at the lower end is 6-10 mm.
5. The welding structure of claim 4, wherein each layer of filler metal layer comprises at least two filler beads, each layer of filler metal layer comprising a number of filler beads related to a width of a weld groove in which the layer of filler metal layer is located, the wider the width of the weld groove, the greater the number of filler beads required;
when the filling welding layer comprises two filling welding beads and the filling welding layer is a first filling welding layer, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the priming welding layer, and the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling welding bead and the priming welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises two filling welding beads and the filling welding layer is not a first filling welding layer, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material, the first filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises three filling welding beads, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower base material and the upper filling welding layer, the second filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the third filling welding bead is positioned on the first filling welding bead, the second filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer;
when the filling welding layer comprises n filling welding beads, n is more than or equal to 4, the first filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the lower end base material and the upper filling welding layer, the second to n-2 filling welding beads are positioned on the upper filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer, the n-1 filling welding bead is positioned on the edge of the upper end base material and the upper filling welding layer, and the n-2 filling welding beads, the n-1 filling welding bead and the upper filling welding layer.
6. The welding structure of claim 5, wherein the cap weld layer comprises n cap weld beads, n is greater than or equal to 4, the first cap weld bead is located at the junction of the lower base material and the last filler weld layer and on the last filler weld layer, the second to n-2 cap weld beads are located at the junction of the upper base material and the last filler weld layer and on the last filler weld layer, the n-1 cap weld bead is located at the junction of the upper base material and the last filler weld layer and on the n-2 cap weld bead, the n-1 cap weld bead and on the last filler weld layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910429663.8A CN110052689B (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2019-05-22 | Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910429663.8A CN110052689B (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2019-05-22 | Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110052689A CN110052689A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
| CN110052689B true CN110052689B (en) | 2023-10-03 |
Family
ID=67324158
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910429663.8A Active CN110052689B (en) | 2019-05-22 | 2019-05-22 | Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110052689B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113977037A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-01-28 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | Single-side welding and double-side forming method for T-shaped joint of closed supporting structure |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000079478A (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Groove welding method |
| CN1695879A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2005-11-16 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Assembly method of positioning chock for ensuring gap at root parts butt jointing tubes in use for welding |
| JP2007021571A (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-01 | Jfe Koken Corp | Horizontal welding method |
| CN203649618U (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-06-18 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Welding device for using multifunctional corner welding trolley for cross welding |
-
2019
- 2019-05-22 CN CN201910429663.8A patent/CN110052689B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000079478A (en) * | 1998-09-03 | 2000-03-21 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Groove welding method |
| CN1695879A (en) * | 2005-05-26 | 2005-11-16 | 渤海船舶重工有限责任公司 | Assembly method of positioning chock for ensuring gap at root parts butt jointing tubes in use for welding |
| JP2007021571A (en) * | 2005-07-21 | 2007-02-01 | Jfe Koken Corp | Horizontal welding method |
| CN203649618U (en) * | 2013-12-25 | 2014-06-18 | 招商局重工（江苏）有限公司 | Welding device for using multifunctional corner welding trolley for cross welding |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 宗培言.《焊接结构制造技术手册》.上海科学技术出版社,2012,第29-32页. * |
| 杨海明.《焊接技术手册》.辽宁科学技术出版社,2015,第129-133页. * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110052689A (en) | 2019-07-26 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103212913B (en) | A kind of group of large diameter thin wall corrugated stainless steel tubing to and welding method | |
| CN102528237B (en) | Welding process for carbon steel process pipeline | |
| CN104708172B (en) | Full penetration weld method for fillet joint single-face J-shaped groove of box beam of vibration screen | |
| CN107052517B (en) | Automatic butt welding process for low-alloy steel and nickel-based alloy dissimilar steel heat exchange tubes | |
| CN111069745B (en) | Welding method suitable for thick plate aluminum alloy | |
| CN102848057B (en) | A kind of repair method of Al and Alalloy weld seam | |
| CN101774063A (en) | Defect repair welding process of stainless steel composite board coating | |
| CN111438461A (en) | Welding groove form and welding process of container connecting pipe or blind flange connecting pipe | |
| CN110052689B (en) | Single-sided welding and double-sided forming welding method and welding structure suitable for transverse welding position | |
| CN108856989B (en) | Priming method for fusion electrode MIG welding in pipeline welding | |
| CN109940246B (en) | Plug welding hole welding method | |
| CN102699493A (en) | Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas shielded welding vertical downwards welding method for waste heat boiler heat pipe and connecting plate | |
| CN111570971A (en) | Welding method for full penetration fillet weld of bulkhead lower pier and double-layer bottom high-stress area | |
| CN105414782A (en) | Isolated layer surfacing method of dissimilar steel welding joint | |
| CN112276293A (en) | Tubular pile circumferential weld welding method | |
| CN112122737A (en) | Automatic fillet welding method for vertical downward metal powder cored welding wire | |
| CN108890092B (en) | Method for single-side welding and double-side forming of fusion electrode MAG welding tube plate | |
| CN113547190A (en) | Gas protection device and process method for welding TC4 titanium alloy plate | |
| CN107052536A (en) | A kind of low-alloy steel heat exchanger tube docking automatic soldering technique without packing material | |
| CN112318068B (en) | Method for manufacturing complex structural member ultrasonic detection test piece with various welding defects | |
| CN101982287B (en) | Automatic welding method of nuclear island main pipes | |
| CN210334708U (en) | Welding structure formed by single-side welding and double-side forming welding suitable for transverse welding position | |
| CN112059465A (en) | Connecting structure for reactor container and welding process | |
| RU2089363C1 (en) | Method of welding of base structures manufactured of steel | |
| CN106825877A (en) | stainless steel square tube welding process |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |