CN110044875B - Aerosol detection aiming device for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology - Google Patents
Aerosol detection aiming device for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002536 laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008685 targeting Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001246 colloidal dispersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003897 fog Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/71—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light thermally excited
- G01N21/718—Laser microanalysis, i.e. with formation of sample plasma
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of aerosol detection, in particular to an aerosol detection aiming device for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which comprises: the laser aiming module is composed of two groups of cross scattering lasers and photomultiplier tubes, laser generated by the scattering lasers is received by the photomultiplier tubes after passing through the aerosol tube, and the light path intersection point of the generated laser is used as a check point; the laser excitation module is focused on the intersection point of the light paths of the laser emitted by the two groups of scattering lasers in the laser aiming module so that aerosol generates plasma; and the spectrum signal receiving module is used for detecting spectrum data of plasma generated by aerosol. The method solves the problem of whether high-energy laser can accurately focus on aerosol particles, so that the obtained spectrum data has high intensity and can be subjected to element identification and other treatments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of aerosol detection, in particular to an aerosol detection aiming device for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology.
Background
Aerosols are colloidal dispersions of small particles of solid or liquid size, 0.001 to 100 μm, dispersed and suspended in a gaseous medium. Aerosol is classified into smoke, fog and dust, and can be naturally generated or artificially formed. It can drift along with air to a long distance, so as to cause atmospheric pollution and greatly influence the living environment of human beings.
LIBS (Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy), namely a laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, is to focus the surface of a sample by ultra-short pulse laser to form plasma, and then analyze the emission spectrum of the plasma to determine the substance components and the content of the sample. The ultra-short pulse laser has higher energy density after focusing, and can excite samples in any object states (solid state, liquid state and gas state) to form plasma, so that the ultra-short pulse laser can be used for detecting aerosol. The advantages of the technology are that: the method can analyze multiple elements simultaneously, has simple sample pretreatment, high detection rate, less sample loss and high sensitivity.
Since the LIBS technology focuses high-energy laser on the surface of a sample for ablation, how to successfully focus high-energy laser on the surface of the sample is particularly critical. This is particularly true when aerosol detection is performed using LIBS technology. The aerosol has smaller volume and is in a gas shape, and whether the laser is accurately focused or not is difficult to confirm by naked eyes. In addition, because the LIBS technology has poor repeatability and strong matrix effect, in the LIBS experiment, the control on the laser incidence direction and the spectrum signal acquisition direction is particularly critical, a plurality of groups of sample data can be obtained by adjusting the laser incidence direction and the spectrum signal acquisition direction, and the accuracy of an algorithm result is improved during data processing.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an aerosol detection aiming device for a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, which solves the problem of whether high-energy laser can accurately focus on aerosol particles, so that the obtained spectrum data has high intensity and can be subjected to element identification and other treatments.
The present invention has been achieved in such a way that,
An aerosol detection targeting device for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, the device comprising:
The laser aiming module is composed of two groups of cross scattering lasers and photomultiplier tubes, laser generated by the scattering lasers is received by the photomultiplier tubes after passing through the aerosol tube, and the light path intersection point of the generated laser is used as a check point;
the laser excitation module is focused on the intersection point of the light paths of the laser emitted by the two groups of scattering lasers in the laser aiming module so that aerosol generates plasma;
and the spectrum signal receiving module is used for detecting spectrum data of plasma generated by aerosol.
Further, the laser excitation module rotates around the intersection point, and the spectrum signal receiving module rotates around the intersection point.
Further, the aerosol tube is arranged in the transparent inner idle shaft, two ends of the shaft are respectively connected with a first rotating base and a second rotating base through rotating bearings, the laser excitation module is arranged on the first rotating base, the spectrum signal receiving module is arranged on the second rotating base, and excitation and detection in different directions are realized through rotation of the first rotating base and the second rotating base around the shaft.
Further, a rotating rod is arranged on the first rotating base and the second rotating base respectively, and the first rotating base and the second rotating base are driven to rotate around the rotating shaft through the rotating rod.
Further, the laser sighting module is arranged in an intermediate layer between the first rotating base and the second rotating base, and the intermediate layer is fixed on the rotating shaft.
Further, the rotating shaft is connected with a positioning module, and the movement is realized through the positioning module, so that the position of the check point is changed.
Further, the positioning module comprises two vertical first conveyor belts and two vertical second conveyor belts which are driven by motors respectively, a clamping seat is arranged on each conveyor belt, a supporting rod is connected to each clamping seat in a threaded mode, the other ends of the supporting rods are fixed to a rotating shaft, the supporting rods can be driven to adaptively move in a threaded mode when the clamping seats move, and two-axis scanning can be conducted in the horizontal direction at detection points.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention detects the aerosol by utilizing the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology, and has the advantages of simultaneous identification of multiple elements and no need of sample pretreatment. And the two-dimensional structural design is adopted to accurately focus the pulse laser to aerosol, so that the hit rate and hit efficiency of the pulse laser are greatly increased. Meanwhile, the method can also excite the sample from different directions and collect spectrum data from different directions of the plasma, so that the problem of poor repeatability of the LIBS technology is greatly reduced, and the accuracy of detection is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the laser sight module of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the laser excitation module of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the spectrum acceptance module in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the positioning module of FIG. 1;
Wherein, the reference numerals in the figures are as follows: 1. the laser excitation module, 2, the laser aiming module, 3, the spectrum signal receiving module, 4, the positioning module, 5, the pulse laser, A is the pivot, 6, first rotating base, 7, scattering laser group, 8, photomultiplier tube group, 9, the spectrometer CCD,10, second rotating base, 11, aerosol pipe, 12, check point, 13, first scattering laser, 14, second scattering laser, 15, first photomultiplier, 16, second photomultiplier, 17, first dwang, 18, second dwang, 19, first motor, 20, second motor, 21, first conveyer belt, 22, second conveyer belt, 23, first cassette, 24, second cassette, 25, first branch, 26, second branch.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, an aerosol detection aiming device for a laser induced breakdown spectroscopy technology comprises a laser aiming module 2, a laser excitation module 1, a spectrum signal receiving module 3 and a positioning module 4.
The laser sighting module, the laser excitation module and the spectrum signal receiving module are respectively arranged on a rotating shaft A from top to bottom in space positions and are of coaxial ring structures, and the laser excitation module 1 and the spectrum signal receiving module 3 can rotate around the shaft.
The rotating shaft A is connected with the positioning module 4, and the rotating shaft can drive the laser aiming module, the laser excitation module and the spectrum signal receiving module to move in two axes in the horizontal direction through controlling the positioning module 4, so that the detection point can perform two-axis scanning in the horizontal direction.
The laser aiming module 2, the laser excitation module 1 and the spectrum signal receiving module 3 are connected through a rotating shaft A with the diameter of 150-200 mm, the rotating shaft is divided into three layers altogether, the first layer is the laser excitation module, the second layer is the laser aiming module, and the third layer is the spectrum signal receiving module. The second layer is a fixed layer, and the first third layer can rotate through the rotating base. The thickness of each layer is determined by the volume of the detection device mounted on the shaft. The rotating shaft is made of transparent materials or is a bracket structure between each two layers. The gas rubber tube is arranged in the rotating shaft.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic view of a laser sighting module is shown, a detection device is formed by a scattering laser group 7 and a photomultiplier tube group 8, and two groups are included, wherein the two groups comprise a first scattering laser 13 corresponding to a first photomultiplier tube 15, a second scattering laser 14 corresponding to a second photomultiplier tube 16, the two groups form a vertical 90-degree structure, and are fixed on a disc of an intermediate layer, and the disc is fixedly connected with a rotating shaft. The intersection point of the light paths of the laser light emitted by the two groups of scattered lasers in the laser sight module is a detection point 12. The scattering laser continuously emits laser light to the photomultiplier, and when the laser light passes through the aerosol, the laser light is blocked by aerosol particles, so that the photomultiplier cannot receive the laser light to generate light pulses. Since the voltage peak-to-peak value of the electric pulse needs to reach 5V to successfully trigger the pulse laser, the peak-to-peak value of the optical pulse needs to be large enough, that is, the area where the laser is blocked is large enough, that is, the aerosol concentration is large enough to successfully trigger the pulse laser. Photomultiplier tubes convert light pulses into electrical pulses.
The selected photomultiplier tube had a conversion time of 36 mus and the aerosol particles had a negligible flow distance during the response time. The intersection point of the laser light paths formed by the two groups of scattering lasers and the photomultiplier is the detection point. When the electric pulses generated by the two groups of photomultiplier tubes are large enough, the aerosol particles with high enough concentration are indicated to be in the detection point, and at the moment, the laser excitation module is started to emit laser pulses to focus to the detection point, so that plasma is generated.
As shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a laser excitation module is shown, the laser excitation module includes a pulse laser 5 and a focusing lens, the pulse laser 5 is fixed on a first rotating base 6, and the laser emitted by the pulse laser 5 is always a detection point position after passing through the focusing lens. The first rotating rod 17 is fixed on the first rotating base 6, the first rotating base 6 is driven to rotate around the rotating shaft by the first rotating rod 17, and the function of exciting aerosol particles from different directions can be achieved by utilizing the structure.
As shown in fig. 4, a schematic diagram of a spectrum signal receiving module is shown, the spectrum signal receiving module includes a spectrometer CCD9, an optical fiber probe of the spectrometer CCD9 is fixed on a second rotating base 10, the second rotating base 10 can rotate by a second rotating rod 18, and the optical fiber is always opposite to a detection point to perform spectrum detection on plasma. With this structure, the function of detecting the plasma from different directions can be achieved.
As shown in fig. 5, a positioning module is schematically shown. The positioning module is connected with the rotating shaft and drives the rotating shaft to horizontally move. In this embodiment, the aerosol tube 11 with a diameter of 50mm (so that the square area with a side length of 60mm can be moved by the double-shaft motor in the positioning module), which can meet the detection requirement, is structurally characterized in that the first motor 19 and the second motor 20 control the two shafts to move horizontally and respectively drive the two shafts through the first conveyor belt 21 and the second conveyor belt 22, respectively fix the two shafts on the first conveyor belt 21 and the second conveyor belt 22 through the first clamping seat 23 and the second clamping seat 24 respectively, respectively connect the two shafts with the first clamping seat and the second clamping seat through the first supporting rod 25 and the second supporting rod 26 respectively in a threaded manner, and the two shafts can move in a self-adaptive threaded manner during the movement of the clamping seat, the two support rods are fixed on the rotating shaft, the center of the clamping seat is provided with a threaded shaft connected with the support rods, when the support rods move towards or away from the clamping seat, the support rods are rotated through the clamping seat by utilizing the rotation of the threaded shaft, the self-adapting effect with the support rods is achieved, the free movement in one direction is ensured, the two motors are used for driving the conveyor belt and the clamping seat to control the change of the horizontal direction position of the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft connected with the laser aiming module, the laser excitation module and the spectrum signal receiving module can be driven to move by controlling the rotation of the motors, so that the position of the detection point is changed, and aerosol particles can be more accurately captured.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. An aerosol detection targeting device for laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, the device comprising:
The laser aiming module is composed of two groups of cross scattering lasers and photomultiplier tubes, laser generated by the scattering lasers is received by the photomultiplier tubes after passing through the aerosol tube, and the light path intersection point of the generated laser is used as a check point;
the laser excitation module is focused on the intersection point of the light paths of the laser emitted by the two groups of scattering lasers in the laser aiming module so that aerosol generates plasma;
the spectrum signal receiving module detects spectrum data of plasma generated by aerosol;
The laser excitation module rotates around the intersection point, and the spectrum signal receiving module rotates around the intersection point;
the aerosol tube is arranged in a transparent inner idle shaft, two ends of the shaft are respectively connected with a first rotating base and a second rotating base through rotating bearings, the laser excitation module is arranged on the first rotating base, the spectrum signal receiving module is arranged on the second rotating base, and excitation and detection in different directions are realized through rotation of the first rotating base and the second rotating base around the shaft;
The rotating shaft is connected with a positioning module, and the movement is realized through the positioning module, so that the position of the check point is changed;
The positioning module comprises two vertical first conveyor belts and two vertical second conveyor belts which are driven by motors respectively, a clamping seat is arranged on each conveyor belt, a supporting rod is connected to each clamping seat in a threaded manner, the other ends of the supporting rods are fixed on a rotating shaft, the clamping seats can drive the supporting rods to adaptively move in a threaded manner, and two-axis scanning can be carried out in the horizontal direction at detection points;
The first rotating base and the second rotating base are respectively provided with a rotating rod, and the rotating rods drive the first rotating base and the second rotating base to rotate around the rotating shaft.
2. The aiming device of claim 1, wherein the laser aiming module is disposed in an intermediate layer between the first and second swivel bases, the intermediate layer being fixed to the swivel shaft.
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| CN201910344042.XA CN110044875B (en) | 2019-04-26 | 2019-04-26 | Aerosol detection aiming device for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy technology |
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| CN110441288A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | A kind of multi-angle objective plasma collection device |
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