Wall structure based on 3D printing and printing method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of 3D printing, in particular to a wall structure based on 3D printing and a printing method thereof.
Background
3D printing is a novel technology which is developed rapidly in recent years, and is widely applied to the fields of education, medical treatment, manufacturing, aerospace and the like due to the advantages of rapid molding, high automation degree and the like. 3D printing is a technology of additive manufacturing, and this definition is relative to subtractive manufacturing, and the special-shaped structure and the complex structure which cannot be realized by subtractive manufacturing are all realized by 3D printing, so that 3D printing can be said to be a technical revolution. If the 3D printing is applied to the building field, the advantages of the method can be fully exerted, the method is intelligent, environment-friendly, safe and quick, and can be used for obtaining local materials and reducing the manufacturing cost by combining novel building materials, so that the method has a wide development prospect.
At present, the 3D printing of the building is not combined with the traditional construction mode in the implementation process, only a simple wall structure is printed, and the stability of a foundation and the integration of the foundation and a wall are not considered.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a wall structure based on 3D printing and a printing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the printing foundation is high in stability and good in combination with a wall.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:
the invention provides a wall structure based on 3D printing, which comprises a printing foundation, wherein a first groove is formed in the printing foundation, and the diameter of the first groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom; a ring beam is arranged in the first groove, a second groove is formed in the ring beam, the structure of the second groove is identical to that of the first groove, and a wall body is arranged in the second groove; fine stone concrete is filled between the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the ring beam, and fine stone concrete is filled between the side wall of the second groove and the side wall of the wall body; a plurality of horizontal steel bars are laid in the wall body.
Optionally, four steel sleeves which are uniformly arranged are embedded in the ring beam; and the side wall of the ring beam is provided with a lifting hole.
Optionally, a door opening is formed in the wall body, and vertical steel bars are arranged on the side wall of the door opening.
Optionally, the inner wall of the door and window opening is coated with 15mm mortar.
Optionally, the width of the printing foundation is 800mm, the height of the printing foundation is 300mm, and the depth of the first groove taking the top surface of the printing foundation as the foundation is 100mm; the horizontal distance between the highest position of the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the printing foundation is 140mm; the diameter of the bottom of the first groove is 500mm.
Optionally, the width of the ring beam is 500mm, the height of the ring beam is 400mm, and the depth of the second groove based on the top surface of the ring beam is 100mm; the horizontal distance between the highest position of the side wall of the second groove and the side wall of the ring beam is 140mm; the diameter of the bottom of the second groove is 220mm.
Optionally, three layers of annular steel bars are uniformly paved on the annular beam.
The invention also discloses a printing method of the wall structure based on 3D printing, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, a step one; hardening the ground of corresponding scale according to the scale of building house;
step two, a step two is carried out; printing a printing foundation on the hardened ground, hoisting a ring beam in a first groove of the printing foundation, and filling a gap between the printing foundation and the ring beam with fine stone concrete;
step three, a step of performing; printing a wall body; in the printing process, horizontal steel bars are respectively and horizontally arranged at the positions of 573mm, 861mm, 1347mm, 1833mm and 2463mm of the wall body;
step four, a step four is carried out; coating cement mortar with the thickness of 15mm on the top transverse steel bars of the wall after the printing of the wall is completed, and adding embedded parts during coating; finally, the roof of the steel structure is connected on the wall body through the bolts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
according to the invention, a mode of horizontally paving the reinforcing steel bars is adopted, so that the reinforcing steel bars are selectively paved near the door and the window, cracks caused by structural stress are prevented, the integration of the door and the window and the wall is increased, the integration of bearing and enclosing of the building wall is ensured, and the factors such as energy conservation and attractive appearance of the printed wall are also ensured; the ring beam can prevent the adverse effects of uneven settlement or larger vibration load and the like of the foundation on the house so as to enhance the overall rigidity of the house and the stability of the wall body, and meanwhile, the ring beam is provided with a lifting hole so as to facilitate movement.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a printed foundation and ring beam of a 3D printed wall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a printed foundation of a wall structure based on 3D printing in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a wall body of the 3D printing-based wall body structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a wall of the 3D printing-based wall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a side construction of a door and window of a wall structure wall based on 3D printing;
wherein, 1 is printing foundation, 2 is ring beam, 3 is wall body, 4 is fine stone concrete, 5 is horizontal reinforcing bar, 6 is vertical reinforcing bar, 7 is door and window.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to provide a wall structure based on 3D printing and a printing method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art, so that the printing foundation is high in stability and good in combination with a wall.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
The invention provides a wall structure based on 3D printing, as shown in figures 1-5, which comprises a printing foundation 1, wherein a first groove is formed in the printing foundation 1, and the diameter of the first groove is gradually reduced from top to bottom; the first groove is internally provided with a ring beam 2, the ring beam 2 is provided with a second groove, the structure of the second groove is the same as that of the first groove, and the second groove is internally provided with a wall body 3; fine stone concrete 4 is filled between the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the ring beam 2, and fine stone concrete 4 is filled between the side wall of the second groove and the side wall of the wall body 3; a plurality of horizontal steel bars 5 which are horizontally arranged are paved in the wall body 3.
Further preferably, four evenly arranged steel sleeves are embedded in the ring beam 2; and the side wall of the ring beam 2 is provided with a lifting hole. The wall body 3 is provided with a door window 7, and the side wall of the door window 7 is provided with vertical steel bars 6. The inner wall of the door and window is coated with 15mm mortar. Specifically, as shown by the dimension marks in fig. 1, 2 and 4, the dimensions of each part are 1mm wide by 800mm high by 300mm, and the depth of the first groove is 100mm based on the top surface of the printing base; the horizontal distance between the highest position of the side wall of the first groove and the side wall of the printing foundation is 140mm; the diameter of the bottom of the first groove is 500mm. The width of the ring beam 2 is 500mm, the height of the ring beam 2 is 400mm, and the depth of the second groove taking the top surface of the ring beam 2 as the basis is 100mm; the horizontal distance between the highest position of the side wall of the second groove and the side wall of the ring beam 2 is 140mm; the diameter of the bottom of the second groove is 220mm. Three layers of annular steel bars are uniformly paved on the annular beam 2.
The invention also discloses a printing method of the wall structure based on 3D printing, which mainly comprises the following steps:
step one, a step one; hardening the ground of corresponding scale according to the scale of building house;
step two, a step two is carried out; printing a printing foundation 1 on the hardened ground, hoisting a ring beam 2 in a first groove of the printing foundation 1, and filling a gap between the printing foundation 1 and the ring beam 2 with fine stone concrete 4; the printing foundation 1 and the ring beam 2 are connected by adopting a first groove of a 3D printing part, and simultaneously, a surface roughening method is adopted to form a tighter connection. The void portion is then filled with fine stone concrete 4, again strengthening the connection of the two portions. The ring beam 2 is provided in order to prevent adverse effects of uneven settlement of the foundation or large vibration load and the like on the house, so as to enhance the overall rigidity of the house and the stability of the wall body. Finally, the portion of the wall 3 printed on the ring beam 2 is completed in the same manner. Because of considering the later hoisting and moving conditions, four phi 100 x 6 steel sleeves are embedded in the ring beam 2 and are evenly distributed.
Step three, a step of performing; printing a wall 3; in the printing process, the horizontal steel bars 5 are respectively and horizontally arranged at the positions of 573mm, 861mm, 1347mm, 1833mm and 2463mm in height of the wall body 3, and only the horizontal steel bars 5 are needed to be locally added in the whole printing process of the wall body 3, and the specification is phi 12. The adding position of the reinforcing steel bars is near the door and window, so that cracks caused by stress of a later-stage structure are prevented; a temporary template is adopted in the printing process of the door and window, and 15mm thick mortar is used for covering after finishing. Transverse steel bars 5 with phi 12 are paved on the wall body 3, vertical steel bars 6 with phi 6 are paved on the edges of the door and the window, and mortar with the thickness of 15mm is used for coating, so that the integration of the wall body 3 and the door and the window is enhanced.
Step four, a step four is carried out; printing of the wall body 3 is completed, cement mortar with the thickness of 15mm is coated on the top-layer transverse steel bars 5 of the wall body 3, and embedded parts are added during coating; the roof adopts steel construction form, and the quality is light, and the structure is strong, is connected with the wall body through the key way. It should be noted that the doors and windows can be reserved in the whole printing process.
The printing material belongs to a quick setting material, the printing layers are obvious, the bearing capacity between the layers is lower, the upper and lower printing time of the same vertical position during printing is not suitable to exceed the initial setting time of the material, and the final setting time is not required to be exceeded. The adjacent lateral printing times at the same horizontal position must not exceed the initial setting time of the material. When printing, the steel bar is required to be arranged, the steel bars are required to be manufactured in advance, and when the non-whole steel bars are lapped, the lapping requirement is required to be met, and the rear steel bars are not required. The roof and the corresponding roof supporting members can be constructed 7 days after the printing of the wall body is finished.
The invention has the advantages of low material cost, greatly reduced manual use amount in the printing process, no dust in printing, energy saving and environment protection in printing, and beautiful printed wall. The implementation process of 3D printing is that a printer prints one layer on a two-dimensional plane according to a preset path under the drive of codes, then the Z axis of the printer is lifted for one layer, the second layer continues to print on the basis of the existing first layer, and the printing materials of the upper layer and the lower layer are connected together through the up-down extrusion of a printing head and the gelation of a cementing material, so that an actual wall structure is formed. The bar in the Z-axis direction resists movement to the print head during printing. According to the invention, the method of horizontally arranging the transverse steel bars and vertically arranging no steel bars is adopted, so that the operation range of the building 3D printer is not affected.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to specific examples, which are provided to facilitate understanding of the method and core ideas of the present invention; also, it is within the scope of the present invention to be modified by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the present teachings. In view of the foregoing, this description should not be construed as limiting the invention.