CN110042214A - 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method - Google Patents
3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110042214A CN110042214A CN201910306370.0A CN201910306370A CN110042214A CN 110042214 A CN110042214 A CN 110042214A CN 201910306370 A CN201910306370 A CN 201910306370A CN 110042214 A CN110042214 A CN 110042214A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0068—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
- B22F2003/248—Thermal after-treatment
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method, the post-processing approach is comprising steps of provide molding 3D printing part, and 3D printing part is kept on loading plate used by sizing at the time of molding；3D printing part is placed under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere together with loading plate, is heat-treated.3D printing part of the invention and its post-processing approach and preparation method; it takes and is placed on molding 3D printing part under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere together with loading plate; the mode being heat-treated; prevent 3D printing part from deforming the sizing of 3D printing part using loading plate; so that 3D printing part is heat-treated in the case where being able to maintain sizing; and the internal stress of 3D printing part is eliminated through Overheating Treatment; the 3D printing part finally obtained is due to eliminating internal stress without deforming, to ensure following process precision.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to 3D printing field more particularly to 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation methods.
Background technique
Traditional fabrication is combined using fusing wax liquor with gypsum tooth mould, makes wax pattern by manual mode, then by losing wax
Method casting generates corresponding product；Wax pattern can also be generated by 3D printer, passed through by wax pattern by the way of wax pattern casting
Lost-wax process casts to obtain corresponding product.Both modes belong to indirect method production metal dental crown, and there are more intermediate mistakes
Journey.
With the development and application of metal 3D printing technique, more and more such as inlay, onlay, corona or bridge systems
Product are prepared by the way of 3D printing.However, being easy to generate internal stress in 3D printing part during 3D printing, and lead to 3D
Printout deforms and can not be bonded with tooth mould, when to 3D printing part subsequent processing, it is difficult to meet required precision.
Summary of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a kind of 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method, effectively eliminate 3D printing
It is easy to produce internal stress in part preparation process and deforms, so that 3D printing part be avoided to influence following process essence because of deformation
Degree.
On the one hand, the application provides a kind of post-processing approach of 3D printing part, the post-processing approach comprising steps of
Molding 3D printing part is provided, and 3D printing part is kept on loading plate used by sizing at the time of molding；
3D printing part is placed under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere together with loading plate, carries out hot place
Reason.
In a wherein embodiment, the process of heat treatment includes:
Within the period of 1h~2h, it is warming up to 850 DEG C~950 DEG C；
1h~1.5h, then, cooled to room temperature are kept the temperature at 850 DEG C~950 DEG C.
In a wherein embodiment, when 3D printing part is heat-treated under vacuum conditions, vacuum ranges be-
0.12MPa to -0.08MPa；When 3D printing part is heat-treated under protective gas atmosphere, protective gas be argon gas and
At least one of helium.
In a wherein embodiment, after being heat-treated to 3D printing part, further comprise the steps of:
Blasting treatment is carried out to 3D printing part.
In a wherein embodiment, to 3D printing part carry out blasting treatment the step of after, further comprise the steps of: cutting
Remove loading plate.
On the other hand, the application also provides a kind of preparation method of 3D printing part, and preparation method includes above-mentioned post-processing
Method.
It further include the forming step of 3D printing part in a wherein embodiment, forming step includes:
Loading plate is provided,
Pass through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate.
In a wherein embodiment, in the step of passing through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate,
Use the speed of laser scanning for 500mm/s~1100mm/s, the power of laser scanning is 90W~170W.
In a wherein embodiment, in the step of passing through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate,
The processing thickness of 3D printing part is 25 μm~40 μm, and the spot diameter of laser is 50 μm~70 μm.
In another aspect, the application also provides a kind of 3D printing part, using the preparation method preparation of above-mentioned 3D printing part
At.
3D printing part of the invention and its post-processing approach and preparation method are taken molding 3D printing part together with carrying
Plate is placed on together under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere, the mode being heat-treated, using loading plate to 3D printing part
Sizing and prevent 3D printing part from deforming so that 3D printing part is heat-treated in the case where being able to maintain sizing, and pass through
Overheating Treatment eliminates the internal stress of 3D printing part, and the 3D printing part finally obtained is due to eliminating internal stress without becoming
Shape, to ensure following process precision.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
The attached drawing of other embodiments is obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the step flow diagram of the post-processing approach of 3D printing part in an embodiment.
Specific embodiment
To facilitate the understanding of the present invention, a more comprehensive description of the invention is given in the following sections with reference to the relevant attached drawings.In attached drawing
Give better embodiment of the invention.But the invention can be realized in many different forms, however it is not limited to herein
Described embodiment.On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is that making to understand more the disclosure
Add thorough and comprehensive.
It should be noted that it can directly on the other element when element is referred to as " being fixed on " another element
Or there may also be elements placed in the middle.When an element is considered as " connection " another element, it, which can be, is directly connected to
To another element or it may be simultaneously present centering elements.Term as used herein "inner", "outside", "left", "right" and
Similar statement for illustrative purposes only, is not meant to be the only embodiment.
On the one hand, the application provides a kind of post-processing approach of 3D printing part, wherein 3D printing part can be to be beaten using 3D
The structures such as the molding corona of print technology, bridge, are also possible to other structures, it is not limited here.
The post-processing approach the following steps are included:
Step S102 provides molding 3D printing part, and 3D printing part keeps loading plate used by sizing at the time of molding
On.
In the step, molding 3D printing part is kept on loading plate used by sizing at the time of molding, that is to say, that is utilized
After the mode of 3D printing forms 3D printing part on loading plate, 3D printing part is not removed from loading plate and keeps sizing in loading plate
On, to effectively prevent 3D printing part to be deformed in the case where the structure of loading plate restrains.Specifically, even if 3D printing part exists
Internal stress is produced during 3D printing, since 3D printing part keeps sizing on loading plate, so that 3D printing part will not be because interior
Stress and be deformed.
3D printing part is placed under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere by step S104 together with loading plate,
It is heat-treated.
Due in step s 102,3D printing part keep sizing on loading plate without being deformed because of internal stress,
After through the heat treatment in step S104, the microstructure of each section material of 3D printing part has preferable consistency,
To eliminate the internal stress of 3D printing part, so that 3D printing part is not easy to deform.It can to pass through above-mentioned post-processing approach
To eliminate the internal stress of 3D printing part, to ensure following process precision.
The process of heat treatment includes: to be warming up to 850 DEG C~950 DEG C within the period of 1h~2h；At 850 DEG C~950 DEG C
Lower heat preservation 1h~1.5h, then, cooled to room temperature.It, can be more preferable using this heating, heat preservation and cooling processing mode
Elimination 3D printing part internal stress.It should be noted that room temperature is commonly referred to as extraneous environment temperature, such as 45 °, herein
Without limitation.
Such as in some embodiments, when being heat-treated using heat-treatment furnace, in 1h, the internal temperature of heat-treatment furnace
850 DEG C are risen to from room temperature, and keeps the temperature 1.5h at 850 DEG C, then, carries out natural cooling, is completed at the heat to 3D printing part
Reason.
In other embodiments, when being heat-treated using heat-treatment furnace, in 2h, the internal temperature of heat-treatment furnace
900 DEG C are risen to from room temperature, and keeps the temperature 1h at 900 DEG C, then, natural cooling is carried out, completes the heat treatment to 3D printing part.
In other embodiments, when being heat-treated using heat-treatment furnace, in 1.5h, the internal temperature of heat-treatment furnace
950 DEG C are risen to from room temperature, and keeps the temperature 1.2h at 950 DEG C, then, carries out natural cooling, is completed at the heat to 3D printing part
Reason.
In above embodiment, to including heating, heat preservation and cooling in the heat treatment process of 3D printing part.Utilize heating
Process 3D printing part is preheated so that temperature is gradually increasing, so that 3D printing part be avoided to be in excessive temperature ring suddenly
Border and local heating is uneven, prevent 3D printing part from deforming due to locally receiving is uneven.The temperature of holding stage is constant, is conducive to
So that each section material of 3D printing part is sufficiently heated, so that the microstructure of each section material of 3D printing part has
Preferable consistency, to eliminate the internal stress of 3D printing part.Then by cooling down so that 3D printing part is gradually brought to room temperature.
The heat treatment process of 3D printing part can be to be carried out under vacuum conditions, is also possible under protective gas atmosphere
It carries out, so that 3D printing part is in anaerobic or anaerobic environment, 3D printing part is effectively avoided to aoxidize during heat treatment.
Further, when 3D printing part is heat-treated under vacuum conditions, vacuum ranges be -0.12MPa to -
0.08MPa.When 3D printing part is heat-treated under protective gas atmosphere, protective gas be in argon gas and helium extremely
Few one kind.
It in some embodiments, can be by way of vacuumizing, so that hot when being heat-treated using heat-treatment furnace
Vacuum in treatment furnace reaches -0.12MPa to -0.08MPa.Such as in some embodiments, by molding 3D printing part not
In the case where removing from loading plate, it is placed in heat-treatment furnace together with loading plate, heat-treatment furnace be evacuated to-
0.1MPa, then, heat-treatment furnace are heat-treated 3D printing part in vacuum environment according to the temperature parameter of setting.
It should be noted that the temperature parameter of heat-treatment furnace setting can be corresponding to above-mentioned heating, heat preservation and cooling
Parameter, for example, being warming up to 850 DEG C~950 DEG C within the period of 1h~2h；1h~1.5h is kept the temperature at 850 DEG C~950 DEG C,
Then, cooled to room temperature.Details are not described herein.
In some embodiments, it after being heat-treated to 3D printing part, further comprises the steps of:
Blasting treatment is carried out to 3D printing part.
By carrying out blasting treatment to 3D printing part, it is miscellaneous that the surface generated in 3D printing part heat treatment process can be eliminated
Matter, to achieve the effect that beautify 3D printing part surface.During the blasting treatment, sand-blasting machine can be used.In some implementations
In mode, when carrying out blasting treatment, the 3D printing part through Overheating Treatment is placed in sand-blasting machine together with loading plate, utilizes sandblasting
Machine carries out blasting treatment to the surface of 3D printing part, so that 3D printing part is more beautiful.Such as 3D printing part is corona, bridge etc.
When tooth product, after this blasting treatment, aesthetics can be improved, improve the comfort level of user.
In some embodiments, after completing to carry out blasting treatment to 3D printing part, cutting removal loading plate, so that 3D
Printout is separated with loading plate.Since during heat treatment, 3D printing part is always maintained at sizing on loading plate without going out
It now deforms, the internal stress of 3D printing part is eliminated through Overheating Treatment.To the loading plate of cutting removal at this time, 3D printing part will not be sent out
Change shape, maintains higher machining accuracy, to ensure the machining accuracy of subsequent finishing.
In some embodiments, post-processing approach is the procedure in the process of 3D printing part.Based on this,
On the other hand the application, provides a kind of preparation method of 3D printing part including above-mentioned post-processing approach.
It should be pointed out that the preparation method can cover the whole preparation process of 3D printing part, it is also possible to 3D printing
Some committed steps in part preparation process, are not construed as limiting here.
In some embodiments, the processing object in the post-processing approach of 3D printing part, i.e., molding 3D printing part, can
To be to be prepared in advance by production upstream producer, 3D printing part is kept used by sizing at the time of molding on loading plate, together with holding
Support plate is transferred to downstream manufacturer together and carries out post-processing processing, that is to say, that take this post-processing approach, can at
The process of type 3D printing part is performed separately, so that procedure for producing is more flexible, and is avoided heat treatment process and is gone out with forming process
The phenomenon that now interfering with each other, for example, needing to control operating temperature is 500 DEG C in forming process, however at such a temperature, at heat
Reason is difficult to achieve the effect that eliminate internal stress, alternatively, when being heat-treated, the temperature taken influence the property of moulding material and
Cause in 3D forming process, the material settling out performance of 3D printing part is affected.In addition, in some embodiments, can be
Streamlined production and processing is realized by same production line.Such as: after 3D printing part processing and forming, directly pass through streamlined operation
Mode, be transmitted to corresponding post-processing station reduces production cost, does not exist herein to 3D printing part to improve processing efficiency
Transmitting between each processing stations limits.
Molding 3D printing part can be through precinct laser fusion (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) skill
Art is formed.
Specifically, the forming step of 3D printing part includes:
Loading plate is provided,
Pass through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate.
The one kind of precinct laser fusion (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) as 3D printing technique, it can be with
Powdered metal material is melted using high-density laser spot, three-dimension object is constructed by the method successively printed,
That is 3D printing part.
Powdered metal material can there are many selections, different 3D printing parts can take different materials.For example, 3D
When printout is the products such as corona, cobalt-chromium alloy powder can be used, by the corona that 3D molding obtains, also referred to as " cobalt chromium is closed
Golden tooth hat ".When carrying out SLM molding, the 3 D-printing data importing of the 3D printings part such as corona first can be entered into SLM accordingly and set
It is standby, to complete 3D printing, 3D printing part finally formed on loading plate by carrying out parameter setting to SLM device.
By the molding 3D printing part of above-mentioned forming step, will be linked together with loading plate.To 3D printing part into
Row post-processing when, 3D printing part is placed in vacuum environment together with loading plate or protective gas atmosphere is heat-treated, with
Before the internal stress that 3D printing part generates in forming process is eliminated in heat treatment, loading plate carries out shaping 3D printing part, and prevents
3D printing part is deformed by internal stress influence.
In a wherein embodiment, in the step of passing through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate,
Use the speed of laser scanning for 500mm/s~1100mm/s, the power of laser scanning is 90W~170W.For example, in some realities
It applies in mode, the speed of laser scanning is 1100mm/s, and the power of laser scanning is 170W.In other embodiments, swash
The speed of optical scanning is 500mm/s, and the power of laser scanning is 115W.In other embodiments, the speed of laser scanning is
750mm/s, the power of laser scanning are 90W.
Under the machined parameters, material is adequately melted, it is unfused there is no local material and cause form 3D
The structural strength of part is bad.Structural strength using the molding corona of the forming step is higher, can adapt to increase occlusion needs,
Improve the service life of corona.
In a wherein embodiment, in the step of passing through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on loading plate,
The processing thickness of 3D printing part is 25 μm~40 μm, and the spot diameter of laser is 50 μm~70 μm.It should be noted that machined layer
Thickness refers in print procedure that each layer of the material thickness successively printed in a manner of increasing material is ultimately formed into 3D printing part.
It under the spot diameter, can timely sufficiently to melt printed material, prevent the unfused material in part and fusing
Binding force is bad between material, influences the integral strength of molding 3D printing part.
Correspondingly, the application's in another aspect, provide a kind of 3D printing part, which uses above-mentioned preparation method
It is prepared.Since in the preparation method, molding 3D printing part is placed on vacuum environment or protection together with loading plate
It is heat-treated under property atmosphere, to eliminate the internal stress of 3D printing part.To be prepared by the preparation method
3D printing part is not easy to deform, to ensure following process precision.
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, for simplicity of description, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, all should be considered as described in this specification.
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that coming for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection of the invention
Range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of post-processing approach of 3D printing part, which is characterized in that the post-processing approach comprising steps of
Molding 3D printing part is provided, and the 3D printing part is kept on loading plate used by sizing at the time of molding；
The 3D printing part is placed under vacuum environment or protective gas atmosphere together with the loading plate, carries out heat
Processing.
2. the post-processing approach of 3D printing part according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the process packet of the heat treatment
It includes:
Within the period of 1h~2h, it is warming up to 850 DEG C~950 DEG C；
1h~1.5h, then, cooled to room temperature are kept the temperature at 850 DEG C~950 DEG C.
3. the post-processing approach of 3D printing part according to claim 1, which is characterized in that when 3D printing part is in vacuum environment
Under when being heat-treated, the vacuum ranges are -0.12MPa to -0.08MPa；When 3D printing part is in protective gas atmosphere
Under when being heat-treated, the protective gas is at least one of argon gas and helium.
4. the post-processing approach of 3D printing part according to claim 1-3, which is characterized in that 3D printing part into
After row heat treatment, further comprise the steps of:
Blasting treatment is carried out to 3D printing part.
5. the post-processing approach of 3D printing part according to claim 4, which is characterized in that carried out at sandblasting to 3D printing part
After reason, cutting removal loading plate is further comprised the steps of:.
6. a kind of preparation method of 3D printing part, which is characterized in that the preparation method includes claim 1-5 described in any item
Post-processing approach.
7. the preparation method of 3D printing part according to claim 6, which is characterized in that further include the molding step of 3D printing part
Suddenly, forming step includes:
Loading plate is provided,
Pass through selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part on the loading plate.
8. the preparation method of 3D printing part according to claim 7, which is characterized in that pass through precinct laser on loading plate
In the step of being melted and molded 3D printing part, use the speed of laser scanning for 500mm/s~1100mm/s, the power of laser scanning
For 90W~170W.
9. the preparation method of 3D printing part according to claim 7 or 8, which is characterized in that described to pass through on loading plate
In the step of selective laser melting (SLM) molding 3D printing part, the processing thickness of the 3D printing part is 25 μm~40 μm, the light of laser
Spot diameter is 50 μm~70 μm.
10. a kind of 3D printing part, which is characterized in that using the preparation method of the described in any item 3D printing parts of claim 6-9
It is prepared.
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2021121190A1 (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-24 | Luxcreo (Beijing) Inc. | Systems and methods for treating a printed model |
| CN115056485A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-09-16 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Post-processing method of 3D printed matter |
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