CN107552785A - A kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method - Google Patents
A kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107552785A CN107552785A CN201710572859.3A CN201710572859A CN107552785A CN 107552785 A CN107552785 A CN 107552785A CN 201710572859 A CN201710572859 A CN 201710572859A CN 107552785 A CN107552785 A CN 107552785A
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- metalwork
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- heat treatment
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- metal substrate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
A kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method, after the completion of 3D printing, metalwork is not cut off from metal substrate, but the metal support between metalwork and 3D printer metal substrate is arranged on during by metalwork together with 3D printing and metal substrate is heat-treated, overcome deformation caused by thermal stress in heat treatment using the positioning of metal support.Metalwork is cut off from metal substrate again after heat treatment.Both it ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that the mechanical performance of metalwork met requirement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing field, and in particular to a kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method.
Background technology
The first printing shaping on 3D printer of metalwork, afterwards cuts metalwork, and carry out from 3D printer substrate
Vacuum heat, shortcoming are that 3D printing technique can produce that shape is special, the big metalwork of thickness change, but because 3D printing
Technology is that metal fine powder successively melts condensation and formed, and the matrix of metalwork is not fine and close, mechanical performance is not high, it is necessary to subsequent thermal
Handle to adjust matrix structure, improve mechanical performance.Heat treatment residual force refers to workpiece after heat treatment under final remaining
The stress come, has particularly important influence to the shape, size and performance of workpiece.When it exceedes the yield strength of material;
Just cause the deformation of workpiece, more than material strength degree when workpiece will be made to ftracture, this is its harmful one side, should be reduced
And elimination.But proof stress is allowed to reasonable layout under certain condition, so that it may to improve the mechanical performance of part and service life,
Change is harmful to be favourable.But because 3D printing metalwork normally shape is special, thickness change, the thermal stress in heat treatment process
Metalwork can be caused to deform, metalwork is lost the advantage that 3D printing is molded special shape.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide one kind to solve metalwork 3D printing special shape and heat treatment deformation
Between contradiction, both ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that the mechanical performance of metalwork met use
It is required that 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention comprises the following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Individual or more than 2 metal support connection metalworks and metal substrate；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork is not cut off from metal substrate, but set during by metalwork together with 3D printing
Put the metal support between metalwork and 3D printer metal substrate and metal substrate is heat-treated together, utilize metal
The positioning of supporter is overcome in heat treatment to be deformed caused by thermal stress.Metalwork is cut off from metal substrate again after heat treatment
Get off.Both it ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that the mechanical performance of metalwork met requirement.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate are established,
In STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported cantilever
Length etc., supporting surface is extracted, generate supporter, generation and the STL models of supporter interfere calculating and generate.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, make maximum projection plane and the metal substrate of metalwork
Upper surface it is parallel.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, maximum projection plane of the metal support in metalwork
On be uniformly distributed.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（1）In, set in the region of metalwork thickness change more
Metal support.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy,
The technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room
Temperature rise temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes, insulation 4-6 was small to 850-900 DEG C
When, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C
35-45 minutes heat up to 530-570 DEG C, is incubated 4-6 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to
Room temperature.
As a further improvement on the present invention, in the step（4）In, the material of the metalwork is stainless steel, described
The technique of vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from room temperature liter
Warm 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes,
1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-
100℃；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is incubated 4-6
Hour, it is cooled to room temperature after coming out of the stove.
Brief description of the drawings
It is next with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description that the present invention will be further described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that the metalwork of the present invention is set with metal substrate.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram that metalwork 1 is set with metal substrate 2.The maximum projection plane of metalwork 1 and metal substrate 2
Upper surface is parallel, and multiple metal supports 3 are equipped between metalwork 1 and metal substrate 2 and connect metalwork 1 and metal substrate
2。
In the present invention when the material of metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy the step of is：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, makes maximum projection plane and the Metal Substrate of metalwork
The upper surface of plate is parallel, establishes the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design,
Such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, is entered by STL models
Capable interference, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, and metal support is uniformly distributed in the maximum projection plane of metalwork；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, first stage heat treatment, vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-3Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-
670 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 4-6 hours, are incubated after terminating immediately to metal
Part carries out vacuum air-quenching and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 530-570
DEG C, 4-6 hours are incubated, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to room temperature；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
In the present invention when the material of metalwork is stainless steel the step of is：
（1）The top that 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at metal substrate is designed, makes maximum projection plane and the Metal Substrate of metalwork
The upper surface of plate is parallel, establishes the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design,
Such as supporting surface angle, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported jib-length etc., supporting surface is extracted, is entered by STL models
Capable interference, which calculates, generates multiple metal supports, and metal support is uniformly distributed in the maximum projection plane of metalwork；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, the technique bag of the vacuum heat
Include, the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, and vacuum is not less than 10 in vacuum heat treatment furnace-1Pa, from
Room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, are incubated 45-60 minutes, and heating 30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 45-60
Minute, 1050-1100 DEG C is continuously heating to, is incubated 3-4 hours, insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching cooling to metalwork immediately after terminating
To 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 160-200 DEG C in special atmosphere oven, is protected
Warm 4-6 hours, room temperature is cooled to after coming out of the stove；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
In 3D printing, when being welded using laser beam spot, because light beam spot diameter is than small, the energy with traditional welding
Density is high.This may result in big cross section or the stress in different transverse cross-sectional areas.This stress can cause warpage,
Under extreme case, part can be made " to be pulled out " from support, bring the generation in crack.So during metal is printed by
It is particularly easy to deformation occur in internal stress, its residual stress of different materials is different, particularly titanium alloy material, because titanium closes
The melting temperature and residual stress of gold can be very high.In the conceived case, wall should be thin and consistent, in such different zones
Stress will not cause other regions to deform.Therefore in selective laser melting process, the structure of supporting construction is necessary
, there is several respects reason：On the one hand it is that supporting construction is strengthened and supports the stability of part and construction platform；The second is support knot
Structure takes away heat unnecessary in part building process；The third is supporting construction can prevent part warpage and reduce part structure
During failure probability.Part three-dimensional CAD data model with supporting construction is changed into stl file in the lump, through subsequent hierarchy
Processing generation solid cross-section profile and supporting section profile, are then manufactured with being superimposed, to obtain part original shape and branch layer by layer
Support body, while can also more metal support be set in the region of metalwork thickness change, make support stress more equal
It is even.After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork is not cut off from metal substrate, but be arranged on gold during by metalwork together with 3D printing
Metal support and metal substrate between category part and 3D printer metal substrate are heat-treated together, utilize metal support
Positioning overcome in heat treatment and deform caused by thermal stress.Metalwork is cut off from metal substrate again after heat treatment.
Both it ensure that the shape of metalwork met design requirement, and in turn ensure that the mechanical performance of metalwork met requirement.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Design 3D printing scheme makes metalwork be located at the top of metal substrate, and 2 are set between metalwork and metal substrate
Individual or more than 2 metal support connection metalworks and metal substrate,；
（2）Metal support and metalwork are successively printed on metallic substrates according to 3D printing scheme using metal 3D printer；
（3）After the completion of 3D printing, metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally taken out, remove the metal of surface residual
Powder；
（4）Metalwork, metal support and metal substrate are integrally subjected to vacuum heat, vacuum heat treatment process is according to metal
The vacuum heat treatment process of part determines；
（5）The metal support on metalwork is removed, and sanding and polishing metalwork is finished product；
（6）The metal support on metal substrate is removed, and sanding and polishing metal substrate is standby.
2. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（1）
In, the STL models of metalwork and metal substrate are established, in STL models, according to the parameter of supported design, for example support face angle
Degree, maximum non-supported face area, maximum non-supported jib-length etc., extract supporting surface, and the interference carried out by STL models calculates
Generate metal support.
3. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（1）
In, make the maximum projection plane of metalwork parallel with the upper surface of metal substrate.
4. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（1）
In, metal support is uniformly distributed in the maximum projection plane of metalwork.
5. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（1）
In, more metal support is set in the region of metalwork thickness change.
6. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（4）
In, the material of the metalwork is titanium or titanium alloy, and the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, vacuum
Vacuum is not less than 10 in heat-treatment furnace-3Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, heating
30-40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, are incubated 4-6 hours, and insulation carries out vacuum air-quenching to metalwork immediately after terminating and is cooled to 20-
100℃；Second stage is heat-treated, and from 20-100 DEG C of heating 35-45 minute to 530-570 DEG C, is incubated 4-6 hours, insulation terminates
Vacuum air-quenching is carried out to metalwork immediately afterwards and is cooled to room temperature.
7. 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step（4）
In, the material of the metalwork is stainless steel, and the technique of the vacuum heat includes, first stage heat treatment, at Vacuum Heat
Manage vacuum in stove and be not less than 10-1Pa, from room temperature 45-60 minutes to 630-670 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, heat up 30-
40 minutes to 850-900 DEG C, 45-60 minutes are incubated, are continuously heating to 1050-1100 DEG C, are incubated 3-4 hours, after insulation terminates
Vacuum air-quenching is carried out to metalwork immediately and is cooled to 20-100 DEG C；Second stage is heat-treated, from 20-100 in special atmosphere oven
DEG C heating 35-45 minutes to 160-200 DEG C, be incubated 4-6 hours, be cooled to room temperature after coming out of the stove.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710572859.3A CN107552785A (en) | 2017-07-14 | 2017-07-14 | A kind of 3D printing, heat treatment integral processing method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108585799A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of new ceramics 3D printing forming method |
| CN109594034A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 綦江齿轮传动有限公司 | The heat treatment method of synchronous gear seat |
| CN110042214A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-23 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method |
| CN110153728A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-23 | 南昌航空大学 | 3D printing-welding-cold-heat treatment complex machining device and method |
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| CN101914740A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Thermal treatment method for improving mechanical property of titanium alloy strip |
| CN104858430A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 通用电气公司 | Manufacturing method of three-dimensional part |
| EP3056302A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Anti-deflection feature for additively manufactured thin metal parts and method of additively manufacturing thin metal parts |
| CN106001573A (en) * | 2016-07-08 | 2016-10-12 | 湖北三江航天江北机械工程有限公司 | High-temperature nickel base alloy injector forming method |
| CN106077643A (en) * | 2016-07-26 | 2016-11-09 | 西安航天发动机厂 | A kind of integral manufacturing method of S 04/S 08 high strength stainless steel three-dimensional closed impeller |
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| CN101914740A (en) * | 2010-08-20 | 2010-12-15 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Thermal treatment method for improving mechanical property of titanium alloy strip |
| CN104858430A (en) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-08-26 | 通用电气公司 | Manufacturing method of three-dimensional part |
| EP3056302A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-17 | United Technologies Corporation | Anti-deflection feature for additively manufactured thin metal parts and method of additively manufacturing thin metal parts |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108585799A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-09-28 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of new ceramics 3D printing forming method |
| CN108585799B (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | 广东工业大学 | Novel ceramic 3D printing forming method |
| CN109594034A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-04-09 | 綦江齿轮传动有限公司 | The heat treatment method of synchronous gear seat |
| CN110042214A (en) * | 2019-04-17 | 2019-07-23 | 大族激光科技产业集团股份有限公司 | 3D printing part and its post-processing approach and preparation method |
| CN110153728A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-23 | 南昌航空大学 | 3D printing-welding-cold-heat treatment complex machining device and method |
| CN110153728B (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2020-09-01 | 南昌航空大学 | 3D printing-welding-cold and hot treatment combined machining device and method |
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Application publication date: 20180109 |