CN110040180A - 具有承载结构的机动车 - Google Patents

具有承载结构的机动车 Download PDF

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CN110040180A
CN110040180A CN201910018608.XA CN201910018608A CN110040180A CN 110040180 A CN110040180 A CN 110040180A CN 201910018608 A CN201910018608 A CN 201910018608A CN 110040180 A CN110040180 A CN 110040180A
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battery
battery case
motor vehicle
bearing structure
case
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B.霍弗
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Magna Steyr Fahrzeugtechnik GmbH and Co KG
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Steyr Daimler Puch Fahrzeugtechnik AG and Co KG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L50/00Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
    • B60L50/50Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
    • B60L50/60Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
    • B60L50/64Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D23/00Combined superstructure and frame, i.e. monocoque constructions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D25/00Superstructure or monocoque structure sub-units; Parts or details thereof not otherwise provided for
    • B62D25/20Floors or bottom sub-units
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/10Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
    • H01M50/147Lids or covers
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/20Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0405Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion characterised by their position
    • B60K2001/0438Arrangement under the floor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • B60K2001/0455Removal or replacement of the energy storages
    • B60K2001/0472Removal or replacement of the energy storages from below
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Body Structure For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种包括车身(1)的机动车,其中,所述车身(1)包括承载结构(2),其中,所述机动车此外还包括高压电池,其中,所述高压电池包括电池壳体(3)和该电池壳体(3)中的至少一个电池模块(4),其中,所述电池壳体(3)如此布置和固定在承载结构(2)上,使得该电池壳体(3)起主底板的作用,其中,在电池壳体(3)的下侧上布置有可取下的电池盖(5),从而至少一个电池模块(4)可通过电池盖(5)接近,其中,所述电池盖(5)起车底保护装置的作用。

Description

具有承载结构的机动车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包括车身的机动车,其中,所述车身包括承载结构。
背景技术
已知机动车可以将尤其包括纵梁和横梁的承载结构用作车身。承载结构则可以尤其构成车辆的所谓的承载式车身。
车辆通常用底盘或底板作为车辆向下的边界,该底盘或底板也被称为主底部、主底盘、主底板。主底板则通常作为车辆的车身构件同样具有承载功能。
这样的主底板的下侧也可以起车底保护装置的作用,该车底保护装置保护车辆以防止来自车辆下方的污染。
近来,高压电池越来越多地用作电动车和混动车的驱动电池。这些高压电池通常相对较大并且因此必须节约空间地布置在车辆中。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题在于,说明一种节约结构空间和构件并且因此可以紧凑和低成本制造的机动车。高压电池尤其应该节约结构空间地布置并且在这种情况下仍然保持为容易维护的。
所述技术问题通过按照权利要求1所述的机动车解决。
按照本发明,机动车包括车身,其中,车身包括承载结构。所述承载结构或车身不包括通常的主底板。
机动车此外还包括高压电池,其中,高压电池包括电池壳体和该电池壳体中的至少一个电池模块。
电池壳体如此布置和固定在承载结构上,使得电池壳体本身起主底板的作用。也就是说,电池壳体构成机动车的底部。机动车不具有独立于电池壳体的主底板,从而也不存在电池壳体与主底部之间的自由空间。
电池壳体基本上具有平板或扁平的长方体的形状,以便能够替代主底部。因此,高压电池是扁平存储器。
在电池壳体的下侧上布置有可取下的电池盖,从而至少一个电池模块可通过电池盖接近,尤其为了维护和维修目的。
在此,“可取下的”可以意味着完全移除电池盖,或也意味着枢转开或翻开电池盖,从而肯定可接近电池模块。
由于电池盖示出由此构成的“主底部”的下侧,因此电池盖也起保护电池模块以防止损坏和污染的车底保护装置的作用。
因此,按照本发明,高压电池非常节约空间地布置在车辆中。此外,电池壳体作为车辆的车身构件承担承受载荷的功能。在这种情况下,电池壳体内的电池模块和电子设备保持可从外部良好地接近,以便进行更换、维修等。
优选地,承载结构包括至少一个座椅横梁和/或后排座椅横梁和/或通道纵向结构。
电池壳体优选用螺栓、铆钉和/或安装胶粘剂永久并且承受载荷地固定在承载结构上。电池壳体优选在车辆的寿命内保持与电池壳体的承载结构连接,因为该电池壳体承担载荷路径的一部分。
优选地,承载结构与电池壳体彼此分开地浸渍涂漆。高压电池可以与车辆的车身分开地并且与该车身并行、即同时地涂漆并且包括电池模块、电子设备和需要的连接电缆在内被组装。电池壳体优选由金属构成。通过浸渍涂漆实现的涂层可以用于碰撞保护以及可以改善胶粘剂在电池壳体上的附着。电池壳体可以用安装胶粘剂和螺栓或铆钉固定在承载结构上。螺栓连接可以例如从下方或从上方通过高压电池的整个横截面进行。
优选地,至少一个电池模块安装在电池盖上,和/或至少一个电池模块固定在电池壳体的顶壁上,和/或至少一个电池模块固定在电池壳体的侧壁上。
可取下的电池盖可以包括电池壳体,即电池壳体的框架的侧壁的一部分或完整的侧壁,其中,但电池壳体的其余结构必须具有足够的刚度,从而在取出、尤其枢转开或翻开电池盖时不出现车辆的变形。
电池盖优选通过螺栓可取下地、尤其气密地固定在电池壳体的其余部分上和/或承载结构上。如果电池盖直接螺栓连接在承载结构上,则该电池盖可以特别改善车身的刚度和碰撞性能。
术语“上”和“下”在本文中始终涉及通常的使用位置中的机动车。
附图说明
以下示例性地结合附图描述本发明。
图1是按照本发明的机动车的车身和高压电池的三维图,
图2是示出高压电池装入按照图1的车身的三维图,在上图中从上方观察,在下图中从下方观察,
图3示出组装状态下的车身和高压电池并且对应于图2的下图,
图4示出对应于图3的车身和高压电池,但电池盖被取下,
图5示出整个按照本发明的机动车及其电池模块,
图5a、图5b、图5c示出电池模块的固定的变型方案,
图6示意性示出按照本发明的机动车的维修。
具体实施方式
在图1至图4中示出按照本发明的机动车的车身1和具有电池壳体3的高压电池。
车身1包括承载结构2,该承载结构包括多个纵梁、座椅横梁和后排座椅横梁以及通道纵向结构。车身1也包括构成机动车的顶部的板构件以及连接顶板与承载结构2的柱。该车身本身不包括主底板。
机动车此外还包括电池壳体3中的高压电池和该电池壳体3中的多个电池模块4。
高压电池是扁平存储器。
电池壳体3如此布置在承载结构2上并且固定在承载结构2上,使得电池壳体3起主底板的作用。也就是说,电池壳体3构成机动车的底部。
电池壳体3用螺栓或铆钉并且附加地用安装胶粘剂永久并且承受载荷地固定在承载结构2上。
承载结构2与高压电池彼此独立地在平行的生产线上制造。电池壳体3与车辆的车身1分开地浸渍涂漆。
在电池壳体3的下侧上布置有可取下的电池盖5,从而通过取下电池盖5可接近电池模块4。电池盖5起车底保护装置的作用并且保护电池模块以防止从下方、即道路侧的损坏。
图2示出图1的构件、即处于组装状态下的车身1和高压电池,其中,在上图中示出从上方观察的视图并且在下图中示出从下方观察的视图或者说被翻转的车辆。
与图3相比,图4示出将电池盖5从电池壳体3的其余部分上取下。电池模块二维地、沿纵向和横向方向规则地分布地布置和固定在电池盖5与电池壳体3的其余的壁部之间。
图5示出安装在所示机动车中的电池模块4。电池模块4的固定此外可以以图5a、图5b和图5c的变型方案实现。在此,在车辆制造的范畴内,在将电池盖5固定在电池壳体3的其余部分和/或承载结构2上的时刻,电池模块4还未安装(图5a)或已经预安装(图5b)在电池盖5上或已经预安装在也包括电池壳体3的框架、即侧壁的电池盖5上。电池模块4可以以此方式(图5b)或者也可以在电池壳体3的其它壁部上在固定电池盖5的时刻已经预安装在电池壳体3中或电池壳体上。
针对图5a描绘的电池模块4在固定电池盖5的时刻还未安装的实施方案首先在如下情况下是有利的,即,电池盖5在电池壳体3的其余部分上的固定还不包括电池盖的关闭,而是示出盖子与电池壳体例如通过铰链或类似的机械装置的连接,从而电池盖还可以简单地翻开和合上或以其它范式简单地打开或者甚至在固定后还是打开的。
在固定电池盖之后还可以可选地根据实施方案变型通过关闭电池盖5,例如结合随后将电池盖5锁定或螺栓连接在电池壳体3的其余部分上和/或承载结构2上实现封闭电池的附加的过程。
最后在图6中示意性示出,按照本发明的机动车的维修或维护可以如何实现,即通过取下电池盖5实现,从而电池模块4可以被移除并且修理或更换。
附图标记列表
1 车身
2 承载结构
3 电池壳体
4 电池模块
5 电池盖

Claims (7)

1.一种包括车身(1)的机动车,其中,所述车身(1)包括承载结构(2),其中,所述机动车此外还包括高压电池,其中,所述高压电池包括电池壳体(3)和所述电池壳体(3)中的至少一个电池模块(4),
其特征在于,所述电池壳体(3)如此布置和固定在承载结构(2)上,使得所述电池壳体(3)起主底板的作用,其中,在电池壳体(3)的下侧上布置有可取下的电池盖(5),从而所述至少一个电池模块(4)可通过电池盖(5)接近,其中,所述电池盖(5)起车底保护装置的作用。
2.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,所述承载结构(2)包括至少一个座椅横梁和/或后排座椅横梁和/或通道纵向结构。
3.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,所述电池壳体(3)用螺栓、铆钉和/或安装胶粘剂永久并且承受载荷地固定在承载结构(2)上。
4.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,所述承载结构(2)和电池壳体(3)彼此分开地浸渍涂漆。
5.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,至少一个电池模块(4)安装在电池盖(5)上,和/或至少一个电池模块(4)固定在电池壳体(3)的顶壁上,和/或至少一个电池模块(4)固定在电池壳体(3)的侧壁上。
6.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,所述电池盖(5)通过螺栓可取下地、尤其气密地固定在电池壳体(3)的其余部分上和/或承载结构(2)上。
7.按照权利要求1所述的机动车,
其特征在于,除电池壳体(3)起主底板作用之外,所述车身(1)不包括主底板。
CN201910018608.XA 2018-01-15 2019-01-09 具有承载结构的机动车 Pending CN110040180A (zh)

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EP18151638.6A EP3511184A1 (de) 2018-01-15 2018-01-15 Kraftfahrzeug mit trägerstruktur
EP18151638.6 2018-01-15

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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WO2024036545A1 (zh) * 2022-08-18 2024-02-22 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池箱、电池及车辆

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