CN110031867A - A kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar - Google Patents
A kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar Download PDFInfo
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- CN110031867A CN110031867A CN201910386279.4A CN201910386279A CN110031867A CN 110031867 A CN110031867 A CN 110031867A CN 201910386279 A CN201910386279 A CN 201910386279A CN 110031867 A CN110031867 A CN 110031867A
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- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 241000883990 Flabellum Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000005427 atmospheric aerosol Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008033 biological extinction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
- G01S7/4816—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements of receivers alone
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radars, including a cabinet, laser emission element is provided in cabinet, echo signal reception unit, signal acquisition unit, power supply unit, temperature control unit and control unit, laser emission element includes laser, beam expanding lens and wedge mirror, echo signal reception unit includes cone, aspherical mirror, shade group and reflecting mirror, reflecting mirror and cone axis angle at an acute angle are arranged, the reflected light path focal point of reflecting mirror is provided with aperture, aperture rear portion sets gradually collimation lens, narrow band filter and convergent lens, signal acquisition unit includes photodetector and data acquisition card, the reception target surface of the photodetector is located at the focal point of convergent lens;Laser radar of the invention, structure is simple, at low cost, small in size, light-weight, easy to carry, and environmental suitability is strong, being capable of the detection of itself complete independently and calculating.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser radar detection atmosphere field, in particular to a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition
Laser radar.
Background technique
Laser radar is used for the fine detection of atmosphere since it is with high time resolution and spatial resolution.Laser
Radar is by the way to air-launched laser, laser goes back to ground with the material effect back reflection in atmosphere, and laser radar signal receives
System receives echo-signal calculates required information by inversion algorithm.
Laser radar develops decades, and aerosol LIDAR has come into practical and commercialization stage, but from
From the point of view of aerosol LIDAR in the market, be primarily present the deficiency of the following aspects: laser radar signal receiving unit is hoped
Remote mirror uses unitized astronomical telescope, bulky, cost is high;Receive processing data using industrial personal computer, volume is big, function
Consumption is high;System heat generation is big, matched temperature control system, environmental suitability be not poor;System overall volume, weight are big, are not easy to list
People carries, disposes, and power consumption is big, it is necessary to external power supply;Structure is relative complex, installation and debugging are inconvenient.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radars, and structure is simple,
At low cost, small in size, light-weight, easy to carry, environmental suitability is strong, being capable of the detection of itself complete independently and calculating.
A kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar of technical solution of the present invention, including a cabinet, it is described
Laser emission element, echo signal reception unit, signal acquisition unit, power supply unit, temperature control unit are provided in cabinet
And control unit, the laser emission element include laser, are installed on the beam expanding lens before the light-emitting window of laser and are installed on
Wedge mirror before the light-emitting window of beam expanding lens, the echo signal reception unit include axis and beam expanding lens cone disposed in parallel,
It is installed on the aspherical mirror of cone front end, the shade group that is installed in cone and the reflection for being installed on cone tail portion
Mirror, the reflecting mirror and cone axis angle at an acute angle are arranged, and the reflected light path focal point of reflecting mirror is provided with aperture,
The aperture rear portion sets gradually collimation lens, narrow band filter and convergent lens, and the signal acquisition unit includes light
Electric explorer and data acquisition card, the reception target surface of the photodetector are located at the focal point of convergent lens, and the control is single
Member includes industrial control mainboard and auxiliary control circuit, and the laser, power supply unit, signal acquisition unit and temperature control unit are equal
It is connect with auxiliary control circuit.
Preferably, in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the cone tail portion is provided with support leg to the cabinet, and the support leg is far from screening
The end of light cylinder is fixedly connected with one medial surface of cabinet, and cabinet, which is fixed with outside the medial surface of support leg, is provided with buffering stand,
Cabinet is provided with optical port on the side of cone front end, and the wedge mirror and aspherical mirror are arranged at optical port.
Preferably, the power supply unit includes battery and the charging interface that is connected on battery, and the battery is solid
It is scheduled on the body side for being provided with support leg.
Preferably, the buffering stand includes the support spring affixed with cabinet lateral surface and is arranged in support spring bottom
Backing plate.
Preferably, the industrial control mainboard, laser, beam expanding lens and wedge mirror are each attached on cone side wall, the temperature
Control unit includes the temperature sensor for being installed on box house, the flabellum being fixed on body side and the electricity for driving flabellum
Machine, the flabellum is fixed on cabinet one side to be installed backwards to box house, and the temperature sensor and motor are controlled with auxiliary
Circuit connection processed.
Preferably, the shade group is parallel to each other and in cone including at least three pieces by aspherical mirror to reflecting mirror
Interval is uniformly distributed the shade of setting in section, and the light on shade by cone rearmost part fully enters reflecting mirror.
Preferably, the laser is wavelength 1064nm, repetition rate 10KHz small semiconductor laser.
Preferably, the diameter of the aspherical mirror is 100mm.
Preferably, the wedge mirror is a pair of mutually matched wedge mirror.
The beneficial effect of technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar of technical solution of the present invention, eliminates traditional look in the distance
Mirror structure reduces the volume and weight of equipment entirety;Using multiple shades, inhibits stray light, effectively increase signal quality
The weight of equipment is reduced simultaneously;Using 1064nm wavelength, the laser of high repetition frequency, laser has aerosol, cloud stronger
Penetration capacity, improve the detection range of laser radar, the laser of low pulse energy is to human eye fanout free region;Integrated temperature control
System improves the environmental suitability of laser radar under the premise of guaranteeing laser radar volume;Entire laser radar apparatus weight
Amount is no more than 20KG, convenient single carrying, deployment.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar schematic diagram of internal structure of the present invention,
Dotted line represents light beam, optical path in Fig. 1, and chain-dotted line is component axes.
Specific embodiment
For convenient for those skilled in the art understand that technical solution of the present invention, now in conjunction with Figure of description to the technology of the present invention side
Case is described further.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, including a cabinet 1, set in cabinet
It is single to be equipped with laser emission element, echo signal reception unit, signal acquisition unit, power supply unit, temperature control unit and control
Member;In cabinet 1 integrate complete all functional units of infrared acquisition, enable plate laser radar complete independently detect and data
Low equipment is carried quantity by processing and operation, while also avoiding the installation of the connection between equipment and debugging, so that detection operations
More easily and quickly, it saves the working time and reduces working strength.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, laser emission element includes laser
Device 2, the wedge mirror 4 for being installed on the beam expanding lens 3 before the light-emitting window of laser 2 and being installed on before the light-emitting window of beam expanding lens 3, wedge mirror are one
To the wedge mirror of cooperation, for adjusting Laser emission direction, laser is wavelength 1064nm, repetition rate 10KHz small semiconductor
Laser, for laser 3 under the driving of auxiliary control circuit, output wavelength is the laser beam of the high repetition frequency of 1064nm,
Laser beam enters atmosphere after beam expanding lens 3 is expanded.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, echo signal reception unit include
Axis and the cone 5 disposed in parallel of beam expanding lens 3, are installed on cone 5 at the aspherical mirror 6 for being installed on 5 front end of cone
Interior shade group 7 and the reflecting mirror 8 for being installed on 5 tail portion of cone, reflecting mirror 8 are set with 5 axis of cone angle at an acute angle
It sets, the reflected light path focal point of reflecting mirror 8 is provided with aperture 9, and 9 rear portion of aperture sets gradually collimation lens 10, narrow
Band optical filter 11 and convergent lens 12;The effects of laser occurs scattering, absorbs in transmission process with the aerosol of atmosphere, greatly
Partial scattered signal return is received by the aspherical mirror 6 of echo signal reception unit, and the diameter of aspherical mirror is 100mm, warp
It crosses reflecting mirror 8, aperture 9, collimation lens 10, narrow band filter 11, convergent lens 12 and reaches the detection target surface of detector 13.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, signal acquisition unit includes photoelectricity
Detector 13 and data acquisition card 23, the reception target surface of photodetector 13 are located at the focal point of convergent lens 12, control unit
Including industrial control mainboard 22 and auxiliary control circuit, laser 2, power supply unit, signal acquisition unit and temperature control unit with
Auxiliary control circuit connection;Received optical signal is converted into electric signal and is output to capture card 23 by photodetector 13, acquisition
Analog electrical signal is quantized into digital signal in strict accordance with timing and is stored on 23 memory of capture card by card 23, and is done and simply added up
Denoising, industrial control mainboard 22 are connect with capture card 23, and the signal of capture card 23 is recorded in the storage unit of industrial control mainboard 22
In, according to laser radar equation, atmospheric aerosol Boundary Layer Height is obtained using gradient method or wavelet analysis method inverting.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, cabinet 1 in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, are convenient for
Cabinet 1 is whole to be carried and carries, and convenient for its using when fix;5 tail portion of cone is provided with support leg 19, and support leg 19 is separate
The end of cone 5 is fixedly connected with 1 one medial surface of cabinet, and cone 5 is fixed on the inside of cabinet 1, and cone 5 is avoided to exist
The problems such as carrying etc. is shaken in the process is carried, avoids optical component thereon that vibration and collision etc. occurs;Cabinet 1 is fixed
Buffering stand 21 is provided with outside the medial surface for having support leg 19, cabinet 1 is provided with light on the side of 5 front end of cone
Mouth 14, wedge mirror 4 and aspherical mirror 6 are arranged at optical port 14, and optical port 14 is used for the process to optical path, and buffering stand 21, which is realized, to exist
It is buffered in cabinet placement process, realization handles to 1 requirement of cabinet with care, protects the optical component inside cabinet 1.
As shown in Figure 1, power supply unit includes battery 18 and the charging interface that is connected on battery 18, battery 18 is solid
It is scheduled on 1 side of cabinet for being provided with support leg 19;Battery 18 needs electric vigour part and unit power supply to be all in cabinet 1, keeps away
Exempt from external power supply, improves this laser radar environmental suitability.
As shown in Figure 1, buffering stand 21 includes the support spring affixed with 1 lateral surface of cabinet and is arranged at support spring bottom
The backing plate in portion;Buffering stand 21 effectively reduces the vibration that cabinet occurs during lifting and putting down, and protects the light in it
Learn component.
As shown in Figure 1, industrial control mainboard 22, laser 2, beam expanding lens 3 and wedge mirror 4 are each attached on 5 side wall of cone, temperature
Degree control unit includes being installed on the temperature sensor 17 inside cabinet 1, the flabellum 15 being fixed on 1 side of cabinet and driving
The motor 16 of flabellum 15, flabellum 15 is fixed on cabinet one side to be installed inside cabinet 1, temperature sensor 17 and motor 16
It is connect with auxiliary control circuit;Temperature in 17 detection box 1 of temperature sensor, and temperature in cabinet 1 is passed into industry control master
Plate, auxiliary control circuit control the work of motor 16 and stop, realizing to cooling down in cabinet 1, improve the adaptation of this laser radar environment
Property.
It is parallel to each other and in cone as shown in Figure 1, shade group 7 includes at least three pieces by aspherical mirror 6 to reflection
Interval is uniformly distributed the shade of setting in 8 section of mirror, and the light on shade by 5 rearmost part of cone fully enters reflection
Mirror 8.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, working principle:
For laser 2 under the driving of auxiliary control circuit, output wavelength is the laser beam of the high repetition frequency of 1064nm,
Laser beam is changed beam direction using wedge mirror 4 after beam expanding lens 3 is expanded, and eventually enters into atmosphere;Laser exists
The effects of scattering occurs, absorbs with the aerosol of atmosphere in transmission process, most scattered signal return are received unit
Aspherical mirror 6 receive, stray light is removed by shade group 7, is reflected by reflecting mirror 8, change optical path, through too small
Hole diaphragm 9, aperture 9 control laser radar field of view of receiver angle, inhibit stray light, after by collimation saturating 10, collimation lens 10
The light received is become into directional light, by narrow band filter 11, optical signal of the narrow band filter 11 through 1064nm wavelength, filter
Except other wavelength channels, by overconvergence lens 12, parallel optical signal is converged to 13 target surface of detector by convergent lens 12,
Detector 13 converts optical signals into electric signal, is output to capture card 23, capture card 23 is by analog electrical signal in strict accordance with timing
It is quantized into digital signal to be stored on 23 memory of capture card, and does simply add up denoising, industrial control mainboard 22 and capture card
23 connections in the memory unit by the signal record of capture card 23 finally according to laser radar equation, utilize gradient method or small echo
Analytic approach inverting obtains atmospheric aerosol Boundary Layer Height.
The echo-signal that laser radar receives can be indicated with Mie scattering lidar equation:
In formula: P (R) is that laser radar receives the backscattering echo of particulate and air molecule letter at distance R
Number;P0It is Laser emission energy;C is laser radar system constant;Y (R) is geometrical factor;Ua(R) and UmIt (R) is atmosphere respectively
Particulate and atmospheric molecule backscattering coefficient;
With
It is atmospheric aerosol particle and atmospheric molecule transmitance respectively;Ta(R) and TmIt (R) is respectively atmospheric aerosol particle
With atmospheric molecule extinction coefficient.The extinction coefficient of atmospheric aerosol is obtained by Fernald inversion method.Atmospheric aerosol optics is thick
Degree
It is quadratured to obtain by Aerosol Extinction.
It is molten corresponding to corresponding height atmosphere gas that gradient method laser radar square distance corrects echo-signal (PRR) profile intensity
The size of gum concentration.
Due to the effect of capping inversion, so that a large amount of atmospheric aerosol particle is enriched within atmospheric boundary layer, in this way,
The concentration of atmospheric boundary layer to atmospheric aerosol between free atmosphere will change.The variation of PRR profile gradient represents
The variation of atmospheric aerosol concentration gradient.
Apparent decaying is presented in Aerosol Extinction simultaneously, this change of gradient maximum and Aerosol Extinction are obvious
The position to become smaller is exactly the height of atmospheric boundary layer.When practical determining atmospheric boundary layer height, it is used cooperatively observation.
The expression formula that PRR can be obtained by (1) formula is as follows:
Its first derivative is represented by
DEV (R)=d [P (R) R2]/dR
The corresponding height of DEV (R) profile minimum value is exactly the height of atmospheric boundary layer, in this height, atmospheric aerosol
The change of gradient of particle concentration is maximum.
Technical solution of the present invention is exemplarily described invention above in conjunction with attached drawing, it is clear that present invention specific implementation
It is not subject to the restrictions described above, changes as long as using the various unsubstantialities that the inventive concept and technical scheme of the present invention carry out
Into, or it is not improved the conception and technical scheme of invention are directly applied into other occasions, in protection scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar, including a cabinet, which is characterized in that in the cabinet
It is provided with laser emission element, echo signal reception unit, signal acquisition unit, power supply unit, temperature control unit and control
Unit, the laser emission element include laser, are installed on the beam expanding lens before the light-emitting window of laser and are installed on beam expanding lens
Light-emitting window before wedge mirror, the echo signal reception unit include axis with beam expanding lens cone disposed in parallel, be installed on
The aspherical mirror of cone front end, the shade group being installed in cone and the reflecting mirror for being installed on cone tail portion, institute
It states reflecting mirror and cone axis angle at an acute angle is arranged, the reflected light path focal point of reflecting mirror is provided with aperture, described
Aperture rear portion sets gradually collimation lens, narrow band filter and convergent lens, and the signal acquisition unit includes that photoelectricity is visited
It surveys device and data acquisition card, the reception target surface of the photodetector is located at the focal point of convergent lens, described control unit packet
Include industrial control mainboard and auxiliary control circuit, the laser, power supply unit, signal acquisition unit and temperature control unit with it is auxiliary
Control circuit is helped to connect.
2. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
State cabinet in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the cone tail portion is provided with support leg, end and cabinet of the support leg far from cone
One medial surface is fixedly connected, and cabinet, which is fixed with outside the medial surface of support leg, is provided with buffering stand, and cabinet is before cone
Optical port is provided on the side of end, the wedge mirror and aspherical mirror are arranged at optical port.
3. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
The charging interface that power supply unit includes battery He is connected on battery is stated, the battery, which is fixed on, is provided with support leg
On body side.
4. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 2, which is characterized in that institute
Stating buffering stand includes the support spring affixed with cabinet lateral surface and the backing plate that support spring bottom is arranged in.
5. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states industrial control mainboard, laser, beam expanding lens and wedge mirror to be each attached on cone side wall, the temperature control unit includes being installed on
The temperature sensor of box house, the flabellum being fixed on body side and the motor for driving flabellum, the flabellum are fixed on case
It is installed on body one side backwards to box house, the temperature sensor and motor are connect with auxiliary control circuit.
6. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Shade group is stated to be parallel to each other including at least three pieces and uniformly divided in cone by being spaced in aspherical mirror to reflecting mirror section
The shade of cloth setting, the light on shade by cone rearmost part fully enter reflecting mirror.
7. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating laser is wavelength 1064nm, repetition rate 10KHz small semiconductor laser.
8. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
The diameter for stating aspherical mirror is 100mm.
9. a kind of portable aerosol boundary layer infrared acquisition laser radar according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Wedge mirror is stated as a pair of mutually matched wedge mirror.
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CN115840214A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2023-03-24 | 深圳市速腾聚创科技有限公司 | Optical emission device and optical sensor |
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