CN110031321A - A kind of sound carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine and test method - Google Patents
A kind of sound carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine and test method Download PDFInfo
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of sound to carry superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine and test method, it is related to rock mechanics experiment technical field, including static loading device, dynamic loading device and monitoring system, static loading device includes top beam, column, load cylinder, pressure-bearing column and crossbeam, and dynamic loading device includes energy-storaging spring, telescopic mast, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder, electromagnet, lifting cylinder and protection backing plate；Two sides below top beam are provided with column, load cylinder is set on the base, telescopic mast and accumulation of energy control oil cylinder are arranged between top beam and crossbeam, energy-storaging spring is arranged on telescopic mast, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder lower end is provided with electromagnet, it is provided with lifting cylinder and protection backing plate between crossbeam and column, accumulation of energy load transducer is provided between telescopic mast and top beam；And the method using the testing machine study of rocks test specimen impact failure, the test objective for carrying out the load of static and dynamic synchronization to same rock sample is realized, also has many advantages, such as that control is flexible, convenient.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to rock mechanics experiment technical field, especially a kind of sound carries the rock mechanics experiment machine of superposition,
And test method is carried out using the testing machine.
Background technique
Bump is generated due to being stored in the intracorporal deformation energy abrupt release of coal petrography around mine working and stope
The dynamic phenomenon acutely destroyed, be one of typical power disaster in mining, seriously restrict mine safety and efficiently give birth to
It produces, build environment, scene, to show form even more varied.Mechanism is induced for bump, domestic and foreign scholars mention
A variety of theories are gone out, wherein sound, which carries superposition and lures, rushes mechanism and think that impulsion pressure is that static load and outside dynamic load are common inside coal and rock
Effect as a result, dead load the sum of be superimposed with dynamic load and to be greater than the critical load that induction coal and rock is impacted in the coal and rock, it is possible to
Impact disaster is induced, which provides certain theoretical foundation to Prediction of Rock Burst and prevention and treatment.
Indoor rock mechanics experiment is the important means studied bump and physics classroom teaching occurs, according to loading method
Difference, rock mechanics experiment machine is broadly divided into two classes at this stage: one kind is Machine in Static Load Test, such as conventional rock mechanics experiment
Machine can be used to measure four coal body dynamic destruction time, elastic energy index, impact energy index, uniaxial compressive strength indexes
Study the burst trend performance of coal body.Another kind of is dynamic load tester, such as shock machine etc. can be used to study Under Dynamic Load
Lower rock momentary breakdown feature.
Above-mentioned testing machine is only used for static loading or dynamic load impact test, but sound carries superposition and induces bump
Theory needs to study the mechanical properties of rock in the case of Dynamic And Static Loads superposition, it is therefore desirable to apply static load and dynamic load energy impact
Two kinds of functions combine carry out laboratory test, announcement impact failure of rock mechanism that could be more deep.It therefore, is realization to same
One rock sample carries out the test objective of static and dynamic synchronization load, it is necessary to research and develop one kind and have static loading and dynamic load energy
Two kinds of test functions of stroke and the rock mechanics experiment machine that impact energy monitoring can be carried out.
Summary of the invention
To realize the technical issues of not only having carried out static loading to same rock sample but also having carried out dynamically load, the present invention is provided
A kind of sound carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine and test method, specific technical solution are as follows.
A kind of sound load superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, including static loading device, dynamic loading device and monitoring system
System, static loading device includes top beam, column, load cylinder, pedestal, pressure-bearing column and crossbeam, and dynamic loading device includes accumulation of energy
Spring, telescopic mast, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder, electromagnet, lifting cylinder and protection backing plate；Below the top beam of the static loading device
Two sides be provided with column, load cylinder is set on the base, pressure-bearing column be arranged above load cylinder；The dynamically load dress
The telescopic mast set and accumulation of energy control oil cylinder are arranged between top beam and crossbeam, and energy-storaging spring, accumulation of energy control are arranged on telescopic mast
Oil cylinder lower end is provided with electromagnet, and lifting cylinder and protection backing plate are provided between crossbeam and column.
Further, monitoring system includes accumulation of energy load transducer, the first load transducer, the second load transducer and punching
Hit displacement sensor；It is provided with accumulation of energy load transducer between telescopic mast and top beam, is provided with the first load above load cylinder
Sensor, below the crossbeam are provided with the second load transducer；Impact displacement sensor is additionally provided with below top beam.
Further, crossbeam both ends are provided with ball, and the card slot with ball engagement is provided on column.
Also further, the two sides of below the crossbeam are arranged in lifting cylinder, and backing plate and lifting cylinder is protected to be adjacently positioned, and prevent
The maximum impact that the distance of protection pad plate upper surface and crossbeam is greater than crossbeam is displaced.
It is also further, the control of load cylinder, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder, electromagnet and lifting cylinder by control system.
A kind of sound load superposition rock mechanics experiment method, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned sound to carry superposing type rock mechanics experiment
Machine, step include:
A. energy-storaging spring compressive deformation value is determined according to the stiffness factor of energy-storaging spring and with design flexibility energy value, pass through
Energy-storaging spring compressive deformation value determines the stroke of accumulation of energy control oil cylinder；
B. starting lifting cylinder is lifted crossbeam to crossbeam and electromagnet and contacts, and electromagnet energization crossbeam is fixed, lifting cylinder
It shrinks and restores to original state；
C. rock sample is placed, start-up loading oil cylinder passes rock sample static loading, monitoring system registers accumulation of energy load
The monitoring data of sensor, the first load transducer and the second load transducer；
D. after load cylinder is loaded onto setting load to rock sample, electromagnet power-off, crossbeam applies rock sample dynamic
It carries, rock sample is by impact failure；
E. load cylinder stops load, rock sample release, storage test monitoring data；
F. calculating the compressed elasticity of energy-storaging spring can total amount, elasticity energy rate of release, crossbeam impact velocity, rock sample
Institute is loaded, records rock sample destructive process.
The beneficial effect comprise that
(1) a kind of sound provided by the invention carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, and the stroke of oil cylinder is controlled by accumulation of energy
The different distortion amount compression of energy-storaging spring is realized in control, i.e. dynamic load elasticity energy storage capacity is adjustable, and is rushed by magnet control
Hit the moment；In addition, crossbeam both ends are provided with ball so as to reduce the elasticity of dynamically load and can be lost.
(2) monitoring system can be with the size and rate of release, impact of dynamic load elasticity energy suffered by Simultaneous Monitoring and record rock
Data, the information monitoring such as displacement and speed are more comprehensive；Wherein accumulation of energy load transducer is used to monitor the compressive load of energy-storaging spring,
To calculate the inner elastomeric energy of energy-storaging spring；First load transducer and the second load transducer exist for monitoring rock sample
Institute is loaded during test；Impact displacement sensor below top beam is used to monitor the displacement and speed of crossbeam.
(3) sound carries superposition rock mechanics experiment method, realizes static loading and dynamic load bullet performance hit simultaneous test,
So as to provide theoretical foundation for impact failure of rock mechanism, each hydraulic cylinder works are controlled by control system, facilitate reality
The load of existing static and dynamic synchronization, record rock are hit the overall process of destruction under action of static load.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is that sound carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is energy-storaging spring and telescopic mast structural schematic diagram；
In figure: 1- top beam；2- column；3- load cylinder；4- pedestal；5- pressure-bearing column；6- crossbeam；7- energy-storaging spring；8- stretches
Contracting column；9- accumulation of energy controls oil cylinder；10- electromagnet；11- lifting cylinder；12- protects backing plate；13- control system；14- accumulation of energy load
Sensor；The first load transducer of 15-；The second load transducer of 16-；17- impacts displacement sensor.
Specific embodiment
Referring to figs. 1 and 2, a kind of sound provided by the invention carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine and test method
Specific embodiment it is as follows:
A kind of sound carry superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine specific structure include static loading device, dynamic loading device,
Control system and monitoring system.Static loading device is used for static loading, by 3 Slow loading of load cylinder on pedestal, moves
State loading device controls the position of crossbeam 6 using accumulation of energy control oil cylinder 9, and by energy-storaging spring 7 save it is elastic can, by and electricity
The cooperation of magnet 10 achievees the purpose that abrupt release crossbeam 6 simulates impact effect, and control system is for controlling electromagnet and each oil
The work of cylinder monitors system real-time monitoring and records the load change situation during test.
Static loading device includes top beam 1, column 2, load cylinder 3, pedestal 4, pressure-bearing column 5 and crossbeam 6, static loading dress
The two sides for 1 lower section of top beam set are provided with column 2, and 2 lower end of column is fixed on pedestal 4, and load cylinder 3 is fixed at column
On pedestal 4 between 2, pressure-bearing column 5 is arranged above load cylinder 3, for placing rock sample.Pressure-bearing column 5 and load cylinder 3
Between be provided with the first load transducer 15, central post 2 is specially column structure, and is offered out on the cylinder of column 1
The longitudinal cross-section of slot, fluting is L-shaped, is used for fixed constraint crossbeam.
Dynamic loading device includes energy-storaging spring 7, telescopic mast 8, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder 9, electromagnet 10,11 and of lifting cylinder
Backing plate 12 is protected, the telescopic mast 8 of dynamic loading device and accumulation of energy control oil cylinder 9 are arranged between top beam 1 and crossbeam 6, wherein stretching
Contracting column can be 3, and it can be 2 that accumulation of energy, which controls oil cylinder 9, and accumulation of energy controls oil cylinder 9 and the arrangement of 8 plug hole of telescopic mast, accumulation of energy control
The two sides of oil cylinder 9 are placed with telescopic mast 8.Be arranged with energy-storaging spring 7 on telescopic mast 8, the both ends of energy-storaging spring 7 can with it is flexible
The both ends of column 8 are fixed, and in addition the maximum extension length of energy-storaging spring 7 is greater than the spread length of telescopic mast 8, and energy-storaging spring 7 is most
Small contracted length is less than the contracted length of telescopic mast 8, thereby may be ensured that spring will not excessively stretch.Accumulation of energy controls under oil cylinder 9
End is provided with electromagnet 10, and electromagnet 10 is used for fixed cross beam 6, and electromagnet 10 controls crossbeam 6, thus facilitate the fixation of cross 6 with
And the release of 7 accumulation of energy rear cross beam 6 of energy-storaging spring.It is provided with lifting cylinder 11 and protection backing plate 12 between crossbeam 6 and column 2, rises
The two sides below crossbeam 6 are arranged in drop oil cylinder 11, and opening on cylinder specifically is arranged in lifting cylinder 11 and protection backing plate 12
In slot, lifting cylinder 11 is arranged close to column 2, and protection backing plate 12 is adjacent with column 2, protects backing plate 12 and lifting cylinder 11 adjacent
Arrangement, the maximum impact for protecting the distance of 12 upper surface of backing plate and crossbeam 6 to be greater than crossbeam is displaced, so as to guarantee crossbeam 6 not
It can lead to equipment damage because of being displaced excessive.In addition, the setting of 6 both ends of crossbeam there are also ball, is additionally provided on column 2 and ball
The card slot of cooperation guarantees that elasticity can be transmitted by crossbeam 6, simulates shock loading so that crossbeam 6 be facilitated to move.
The control of load cylinder 3, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder 9, electromagnet 10 and lifting cylinder 11 by control system, control system
13 control the hydraulic oil injection flow of oil cylinder 9 and lifting cylinder 11 by control load cylinder 3, accumulation of energy, and then control the row of oil cylinder
Journey and load.Monitoring system includes accumulation of energy load transducer 14, the first load transducer 15, the second load transducer 16 and impact
Displacement sensor 17 is provided with accumulation of energy load transducer 14 between telescopic mast 8 and top beam 1, for monitoring the compression of energy-storaging spring 9
Load；It is provided with the first load transducer 15 above load cylinder 3, the second load transducer 16 is provided with below crossbeam 6, is used for
It is loaded to monitor rock sample test process institute；The lower section of top beam 1 is additionally provided with impact displacement sensor 17, for monitoring carrying
The impact displacement of crossbeam 6 and impact velocity.
A kind of sound load superposition rock mechanics experiment method, utilizes a kind of above-mentioned sound to carry superposing type rock mechanics experiment
Machine, specific steps include:
A. design experiment scheme first determines that the elasticity of energy-storaging spring can be total according to the shock loading of plan design
Value.Energy-storaging spring compressive deformation value is determined according to the stiffness factor of energy-storaging spring, is determined and is stored by energy-storaging spring compressive deformation value
The stroke that can control oil cylinder, is controlled it by control system.
B. starting lifting cylinder is lifted crossbeam to crossbeam and electromagnet and contacts, and control system control electromagnet is powered after contact
Crossbeam is fixed, lifting cylinder, which is shunk, to be restored to original state.
C. rock sample is placed, start-up loading oil cylinder passes through monitoring system registers accumulation of energy lotus to rock sample static loading
The monitoring data of set sensor, the first load transducer and the second load transducer.
D. after load cylinder is loaded onto setting load to rock sample, electromagnet power-off, power-off rear cross beam loses vertical side
To constraint, energy-storaging spring promotion under, crossbeam to rock sample apply dynamic load, rock sample is by impact failure, the process
The displacement and speed of middle impact displacement sensor monitoring crossbeam.
E. load cylinder stops load, rock sample release, storage test monitoring data.
F. calculating the compressed elasticity of energy-storaging spring can total amount, elasticity energy rate of release, crossbeam impact velocity, rock sample
Institute is loaded, records rock sample destructive process.
Sound carries superposition rock mechanics experiment method, realizes static loading and dynamic load bullet performance hit simultaneous test, from
And theoretical foundation can be provided for impact failure of rock mechanism, each hydraulic cylinder works are controlled by control system, thus convenient
Realize the combination of static loading and dynamically load, record rock is hit the overall process of destruction under action of static load.
Certainly, the above description is not a limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made within the essential scope of the present invention also should belong to of the invention
Protection scope.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of sound carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, including static loading device, dynamic loading device and monitoring system,
Static loading device includes top beam, column, load cylinder, pedestal, pressure-bearing column and crossbeam, which is characterized in that dynamic loading device
Including energy-storaging spring, telescopic mast, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder, electromagnet, lifting cylinder and protection backing plate；The static loading device
Two sides below top beam are provided with column, and load cylinder is set on the base, and pressure-bearing column is arranged above load cylinder；It is described dynamic
The telescopic mast of state loading device and accumulation of energy control oil cylinder are arranged between top beam and crossbeam, and energy-storaging spring is arranged on telescopic mast,
Accumulation of energy control oil cylinder lower end is provided with electromagnet, and lifting cylinder and protection backing plate are provided between crossbeam and column.
2. a kind of sound according to claim 1 carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, which is characterized in that the monitoring system
System includes accumulation of energy load transducer, the first load transducer, the second load transducer and impact displacement sensor；The telescopic mast
It is provided with accumulation of energy load transducer between top beam, the first load transducer, below the crossbeam setting are provided with above load cylinder
There is the second load transducer；Impact displacement sensor is additionally provided with below the top beam.
3. a kind of sound according to claim 1 carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, which is characterized in that the crossbeam two
End is provided with ball, and the card slot with ball engagement is provided on column.
4. a kind of sound according to claim 1 carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, which is characterized in that the lifting oil
The two sides of below the crossbeam are arranged in cylinder, and backing plate and lifting cylinder is protected to be adjacently positioned, and protect the distance of backing plate upper surface and crossbeam
Maximum impact greater than crossbeam is displaced.
5. a kind of sound according to claim 1 carries superposing type rock mechanics experiment machine, which is characterized in that the load oil
The control of cylinder, accumulation of energy control oil cylinder, electromagnet and lifting cylinder by control system.
6. a kind of sound carries superposition rock mechanics experiment method, folded using a kind of described in any one of claim 1 to 55 described in any item sound loads
Add formula rock mechanics experiment machine, which is characterized in that step includes:
A. compression deformation of the spring value is determined according to the stiffness factor of energy-storaging spring and design flexibility energy value, passes through energy-storaging spring pressure
Compression deformation value determines the stroke of accumulation of energy control oil cylinder；
B. starting lifting cylinder is lifted crossbeam to crossbeam and electromagnet and contacts, and electromagnet energization crossbeam is fixed, and lifting cylinder is shunk
Restore to original state；
C. place rock sample, start-up loading oil cylinder to rock sample static loading, monitoring system registers accumulation of energy load transducer,
The monitoring data of first load transducer and the second load transducer；
D. after load cylinder is loaded onto setting load to rock sample, electromagnet power-off, crossbeam applies dynamic load, rock to rock sample
Stone test specimen is by impact failure；
E. load cylinder stops load, rock sample release, storage test monitoring data；
F. calculate the compressed elasticity of energy-storaging spring can total amount, elasticity can rate of release, crossbeam impact velocity, suffered by rock sample
Load records rock sample destructive process.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910291703.7A CN110031321B (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine and testing method |
| PCT/CN2019/104837 WO2020206922A1 (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-09-09 | Rock mechanics testing machine combining dynamic and static loads, and testing method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910291703.7A CN110031321B (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine and testing method |
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| CN110031321A true CN110031321A (en) | 2019-07-19 |
| CN110031321B CN110031321B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
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| CN110631932A (en) * | 2019-10-28 | 2019-12-31 | 华侨大学 | Dynamic disturbance servo triaxial loading device based on rock testing machine |
| WO2020206922A1 (en) * | 2019-04-12 | 2020-10-15 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mechanics testing machine combining dynamic and static loads, and testing method |
| CN112414912A (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2021-02-26 | 太原理工大学 | Test device and test method for dynamic and static loading CT scanning of fractured coal rock mass |
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| CN113188919A (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2021-07-30 | 山东大学 | Single-power-source high-low pressure self-adaptive high-precision dynamic and static loading test system |
| CN113188919B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 山东大学 | Single-power-source high-low pressure self-adaptive high-precision dynamic and static loading test system |
| CN114755107A (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2022-07-15 | 无锡市检验检测认证研究院 | Switchable comprehensive mechanical load test equipment |
| CN114755107B (en) * | 2022-05-07 | 2023-10-27 | 无锡市检验检测认证研究院 | Switchable comprehensive mechanical load test equipment |
| CN114778317A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 成都理工大学 | Multi-shaft pressurizing rock mechanical property testing device |
| CN115541418A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-30 | 西南交通大学 | Rock launching device for impact test and application method |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN110031321B (en) | 2020-07-07 |
| WO2020206922A1 (en) | 2020-10-15 |
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