CN209927631U - Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine - Google Patents
Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN209927631U CN209927631U CN201920489577.1U CN201920489577U CN209927631U CN 209927631 U CN209927631 U CN 209927631U CN 201920489577 U CN201920489577 U CN 201920489577U CN 209927631 U CN209927631 U CN 209927631U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a move static load stack formula rock mechanics testing machine relates to rock mechanics test technical field, including static loading device, dynamic loading device and monitoring system, static loading device includes back timber, stand, loading cylinder, bearing post and crossbeam, and dynamic loading device includes energy storage spring, flexible post, energy storage control cylinder, electro-magnet, lift cylinder and protection backing plate; the two sides below the top beam are provided with stand columns, the loading oil cylinder is arranged on the base, the telescopic column and the energy storage control oil cylinder are arranged between the top beam and the cross beam, the telescopic column is sleeved with an energy storage spring, the lower end of the energy storage control oil cylinder is provided with an electromagnet, a lifting oil cylinder and a protective base plate are arranged between the cross beam and the stand columns, and an energy storage load sensor is arranged between the telescopic column and the top beam; the testing machine is used for researching the impact damage of the rock test piece, the aim of testing the same rock test piece by carrying out static and dynamic synchronous loading is achieved, and the testing machine also has the advantages of flexibility and convenience in control and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the rock mechanics test technique and specifically relates to a move quiet superimposed rock mechanics testing machine that carries.
Background
The rock burst is a dynamic phenomenon of violent damage caused by instant release of deformation energy stored in coal rock bodies around mine roadways and stopes, is one of typical dynamic disasters in mining, seriously restricts safe and efficient production of mines, and has various generation environments, generation places and display forms. For the mechanism of inducing rock burst, scholars at home and abroad put forward various theories, wherein the dynamic and static load superposition inducing mechanism considers that the rock burst is the result of the combined action of the internal static load and the external dynamic load of a coal rock body, when the sum of the static load and the dynamic load superposition in the coal rock body is more than the critical load for inducing the impact of the coal rock body, the disaster is probably induced, and the theory provides a certain theoretical basis for the prediction and prevention of the rock burst.
The indoor rock mechanical test is an important means for researching physical and mechanical characteristics of rock burst, and rock mechanical testing machines at the present stage are mainly divided into two types according to different loading modes: one is a static load tester, for example, a conventional rock mechanical tester can be used for measuring four indexes of coal body dynamic failure time, elastic energy index, impact energy index and uniaxial compressive strength to research the impact tendency performance of the coal body. The other type is a dynamic load testing machine, such as an impact testing machine and the like, which can be used for researching the transient damage characteristics of the rock under the action of dynamic load.
The tester is only used for static loading or dynamic loading impact tests, but the theory of inducing rock burst by superposition of dynamic and static loads needs to research the mechanical properties of rocks under the condition of superposition of the dynamic and static loads, so that the two functions of static load application and dynamic load energy impact need to be combined for indoor tests, and the rock impact failure mechanism can be further disclosed. Therefore, in order to achieve the purpose of performing static and dynamic synchronous loading tests on the same rock test piece, it is necessary to develop a rock mechanical testing machine which has two test functions of static loading and dynamic load energy impact and can monitor impact energy.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
For the realization not only carries out static loading but also carries out dynamic loading's technical problem to same rock test piece, the utility model provides a move quiet year stack formula rock mechanics testing machine, concrete technical scheme as follows.
A dynamic and static load superposed rock mechanics testing machine comprises a static loading device, a dynamic loading device and a monitoring system, wherein the static loading device comprises a top beam, an upright post, a loading oil cylinder, a base, a bearing post and a cross beam, and the dynamic loading device comprises an energy storage spring, a telescopic post, an energy storage control oil cylinder, an electromagnet, a lifting oil cylinder and a protective base plate; two sides below a top beam of the static loading device are provided with upright columns, a loading oil cylinder is arranged on a base, and a bearing column is arranged above the loading oil cylinder; the telescopic column and the energy storage control oil cylinder of the dynamic loading device are arranged between the top beam and the cross beam, an energy storage spring is sleeved on the telescopic column, and an electromagnet is arranged at the lower end of the energy storage control oil cylinder.
Preferably, a lifting oil cylinder and a protective base plate are arranged between the cross beam and the upright post.
Preferably, the monitoring system comprises an energy storage load sensor, a first load sensor, a second load sensor and an impact displacement sensor.
Further preferably, an energy storage load sensor is arranged between the telescopic column and the top beam, a first load sensor is arranged above the loading oil cylinder, and a second load sensor is arranged below the cross beam;
it is further preferred that an impact displacement sensor is further disposed below the top beam.
Further preferred is that balls are arranged at two ends of the cross beam, and clamping grooves matched with the balls are arranged on the stand columns.
Still further preferably, the lift cylinders are arranged on two sides below the cross beam, the protection base plate and the lift cylinders are arranged adjacently, and the distance between the upper end surface of the protection base plate and the cross beam is greater than the maximum impact displacement of the cross beam.
It is still further preferred that the loading cylinder, the energy storage control cylinder, the electromagnet and the lift cylinder are controlled by a control system.
The beneficial effects of the utility model include:
(1) the utility model provides a move quiet year stack formula rock mechanics testing machine, through the stroke control of energy storage control hydro-cylinder, realize the different deflection compression of energy storage spring, move promptly and carry the elastic energy storage volume adjustable to strike the moment through the electro-magnet control; in addition, balls are arranged at two ends of the cross beam, so that elastic energy loss of dynamic loading can be reduced.
(2) The monitoring system can synchronously monitor and record the size of dynamic load elastic energy borne by the rock and data such as release speed, impact displacement, speed and the like, and the information monitoring is comprehensive; the energy storage load sensor is used for monitoring the compression load of the energy storage spring so as to calculate the internal elastic energy of the energy storage spring; the first load sensor and the second load sensor are used for monitoring the load borne by the rock test piece in the test process; and the impact displacement sensor below the top beam is used for monitoring the displacement and the speed of the cross beam.
(3) The dynamic and static load superposition rock mechanical test method is carried out by utilizing the device, and the static loading and dynamic load elastic energy impact synchronous test is realized, so that a theoretical basis can be provided for a rock impact failure mechanism, each hydraulic cylinder is controlled to work through the control system, the static and dynamic synchronous loading is conveniently realized, and the whole process that the rock is damaged by impact under the action of the static load is recorded.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a dynamic-static load superimposed rock mechanical testing machine;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the energy storage spring and the telescopic column;
in the figure: 1-top beam; 2-upright post; 3-loading the oil cylinder; 4-a base; 5-a pressure bearing column; 6-a cross beam; 7-energy storage spring; 8-telescopic column; 9-energy storage control oil cylinder; 10-an electromagnet; 11-a lift cylinder; 12-a protective backing plate; 13-a control system; 14-energy storage load sensor; 15-a first load sensor; 16-a second load sensor; 17-impact displacement sensor.
Detailed Description
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a specific implementation of moving static load stack formula rock mechanics testing machine as follows:
a dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine comprises a static loading device, a dynamic loading device, a control system and a monitoring system. The static loading device is used for static loading, the loading oil cylinder 3 on the base is used for slow loading, the dynamic loading device utilizes the energy storage control oil cylinder 9 to control the position of the cross beam 6, elastic energy is stored through the energy storage spring 7, the purpose of instantly releasing the cross beam 6 to simulate an impact effect is achieved through cooperation with the electromagnet 10, the control system is used for controlling the work of the electromagnet and each oil cylinder, and the monitoring system monitors and records the load change condition in the test process in real time.
The static loading device comprises a top beam 1, stand columns 2, loading oil cylinders 3, a base 4, a bearing column 5 and a cross beam 6, wherein the stand columns 2 are arranged on two sides below the top beam 1 of the static loading device, the lower ends of the stand columns 2 are fixed on the base 4, the loading oil cylinders 3 are fixedly arranged on the base 4 between the stand columns 2, and the bearing column 5 is arranged above the loading oil cylinders 3 and used for placing a rock test piece. A first load sensor 15 is arranged between the bearing column 5 and the loading oil cylinder 3, wherein the upright column 2 is of a columnar structure, a slot is formed in the column body of the upright column 1, and the longitudinal section of the slot is L-shaped and used for fixing the restraint beam.
The dynamic loading device comprises an energy storage spring 7, a telescopic column 8, an energy storage control oil cylinder 9, an electromagnet 10, a lifting oil cylinder 11 and a protective base plate 12, wherein the telescopic column 8 and the energy storage control oil cylinder 9 of the dynamic loading device are arranged between the top beam 1 and the cross beam 6, the number of the telescopic columns can be 3, the number of the energy storage control oil cylinders 9 can be 2, the energy storage control oil cylinders 9 and the telescopic columns 8 are arranged in an empty mode, and the telescopic columns 8 are arranged on two sides of the energy storage control oil cylinder 9. The energy storage spring 7 is sleeved on the telescopic column 8, the two ends of the energy storage spring 7 can be fixed with the two ends of the telescopic column 8, the maximum extension length of the energy storage spring 7 is larger than the extension length of the telescopic column 8, and the minimum contraction length of the energy storage spring 7 is smaller than the contraction length of the telescopic column 8, so that the spring cannot be excessively stretched. The lower end of the energy storage control oil cylinder 9 is provided with an electromagnet 10, the electromagnet 10 is used for fixing the cross beam 6, and the electromagnet 10 controls the cross beam 6, so that the cross beam 6 is conveniently fixed and the energy storage spring 7 is used for releasing the energy storage cross beam 6. Be provided with lift cylinder 11 and protective backing plate 12 between crossbeam 6 and stand 2, lift cylinder 11 sets up the both sides in crossbeam 6 below, specifically set up lift cylinder 11 and protective backing plate 12 in the fluting on the cylinder, lift cylinder 11 is close to stand 2 and sets up, protective backing plate 12 is adjacent with stand 2, protective backing plate 12 and lift cylinder 11 are adjacent to be arranged, the distance of protective backing plate 12 up end and crossbeam 6 is greater than the biggest impact displacement of crossbeam, thereby can guarantee that crossbeam 6 can not lead to equipment damage because the displacement is too big. In addition, the balls are arranged at the two ends of the cross beam 6, and the clamping grooves matched with the balls are further formed in the stand columns 2, so that the cross beam 6 can move conveniently, the elastic energy can be transmitted through the cross beam 6, and the impact load can be simulated.
The loading oil cylinder 3, the energy storage control oil cylinder 9, the electromagnet 10 and the lifting oil cylinder 11 are controlled by a control system, and the control system 13 controls the stroke and the load of the oil cylinders by controlling the oil injection amount of hydraulic oil of the loading oil cylinder 3, the energy storage control oil cylinder 9 and the lifting oil cylinder 11. The monitoring system comprises an energy storage load sensor 14, a first load sensor 15, a second load sensor 16 and an impact displacement sensor 17, wherein the energy storage load sensor 14 is arranged between the telescopic column 8 and the top beam 1 and used for monitoring the compression load of the energy storage spring 9; a first load sensor 15 is arranged above the loading oil cylinder 3, and a second load sensor 16 is arranged below the cross beam 6 and used for monitoring the load borne by the rock test piece in the test process; an impact displacement sensor 17 is arranged below the top beam 1 and used for monitoring the impact displacement and the impact speed of the bearing cross beam 6.
In order to better explain the structure and the function of the testing device, a dynamic and static load superposed rock mechanical testing method is provided, the dynamic and static load superposed rock mechanical testing machine is utilized, and the concrete steps comprise:
A. firstly, designing a test scheme, and determining the total elastic energy value of the energy storage spring according to the impact load designed by the test scheme. And determining the compression deformation value of the energy storage spring according to the stiffness coefficient of the energy storage spring, determining the stroke of the energy storage control oil cylinder according to the compression deformation value of the energy storage spring, and controlling the stroke by a control system.
B. And starting the lifting oil cylinder to lift the cross beam until the cross beam is contacted with the electromagnet, controlling the electromagnet to be electrified by the control system after the contact to fix the cross beam, and enabling the lifting oil cylinder to be contracted and restored to an initial state.
C. Placing a rock test piece, starting a loading oil cylinder to carry out static loading on the rock test piece, and recording monitoring data of an energy storage load sensor, a first load sensor and a second load sensor through a monitoring system.
D. After the loading oil cylinder loads the rock test piece to a set load, the electromagnet is powered off, the beam loses restraint in the vertical direction after power failure, the beam applies dynamic load to the rock test piece under the pushing of the energy storage spring, the rock test piece is damaged by impact, and the impact displacement sensor monitors the displacement and the speed of the beam in the process.
E. And stopping loading by the loading oil cylinder, releasing the pressure of the rock test piece, and storing test monitoring data.
F. And calculating the total elastic energy amount, the release speed of the elastic energy, the impact speed of the cross beam and the load borne by the rock test piece after the energy storage spring is compressed, and recording the damage process of the rock test piece.
The dynamic and static load superposed rock mechanical test method realizes the synchronous test of static loading and dynamic load elastic energy impact, thereby providing a theoretical basis for a rock impact failure mechanism, controlling each hydraulic cylinder to work through a control system, conveniently realizing the combination of static loading and dynamic loading, and recording the whole process of rock impact failure under the action of static loading.
Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and the changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A dynamic and static load superposed rock mechanics testing machine comprises a static loading device, a dynamic loading device and a monitoring system, wherein the static loading device comprises a top beam, an upright post, a loading oil cylinder, a base, a bearing post and a cross beam, and is characterized in that the dynamic loading device comprises an energy storage spring, a telescopic post, an energy storage control oil cylinder, an electromagnet, a lifting oil cylinder and a protective base plate; two sides below a top beam of the static loading device are provided with upright columns, a loading oil cylinder is arranged on a base, and a bearing column is arranged above the loading oil cylinder; the telescopic column and the energy storage control oil cylinder of the dynamic loading device are arranged between the top beam and the cross beam, an energy storage spring is sleeved on the telescopic column, and an electromagnet is arranged at the lower end of the energy storage control oil cylinder.
2. The dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 1, wherein a lifting oil cylinder and a protective base plate are arranged between the cross beam and the upright column.
3. The dynamic-static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring system comprises an energy storage load sensor, a first load sensor, a second load sensor and an impact displacement sensor.
4. The dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an energy storage load sensor is arranged between the telescopic column and the top beam, a first load sensor is arranged above the loading oil cylinder, and a second load sensor is arranged below the cross beam.
5. The dynamic-static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein an impact displacement sensor is further arranged below the top beam.
6. The dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine as claimed in claim 4, wherein balls are arranged at two ends of the cross beam, and clamping grooves matched with the balls are arranged on the stand columns.
7. The dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanics testing machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the lifting oil cylinders are arranged on two sides below the cross beam, the protection base plate and the lifting oil cylinders are adjacently arranged, and the distance between the upper end surface of the protection base plate and the cross beam is larger than the maximum impact displacement of the cross beam.
8. The dynamic-static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine according to claim 7, wherein the loading oil cylinder, the energy storage control oil cylinder, the electromagnet and the lifting oil cylinder are controlled by a control system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920489577.1U CN209927631U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920489577.1U CN209927631U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine |
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| CN209927631U true CN209927631U (en) | 2020-01-10 |
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| CN201920489577.1U Expired - Fee Related CN209927631U (en) | 2019-04-12 | 2019-04-12 | Dynamic and static load superposition type rock mechanical testing machine |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111473968A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-31 | 宋宝峰 | Overhanging beam type building structure component test loading device |
| CN115541418A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-30 | 西南交通大学 | Rock launching device for impact test and application method |
-
2019
- 2019-04-12 CN CN201920489577.1U patent/CN209927631U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111473968A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-07-31 | 宋宝峰 | Overhanging beam type building structure component test loading device |
| CN115541418A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2022-12-30 | 西南交通大学 | Rock launching device for impact test and application method |
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