CN113686657A - Rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device - Google Patents
Rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113686657A CN113686657A CN202111189120.7A CN202111189120A CN113686657A CN 113686657 A CN113686657 A CN 113686657A CN 202111189120 A CN202111189120 A CN 202111189120A CN 113686657 A CN113686657 A CN 113686657A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0026—Combination of several types of applied forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
Abstract
A rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device comprises a loading platform system, a dynamic and static combined load control system and a test system, wherein the loading platform system comprises a rigid frame, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is horizontally and fixedly connected to the side surface of the rigid frame so as to apply horizontal load to a combined test piece in a test piece bin; the dynamic and static combined load control system comprises an oil storage cylinder, two air cylinders, two static load energy accumulators and two dynamic load energy accumulators; the test system comprises a weighing sensor, a displacement sensor, a grating strain sensor and a shock-proof pressure gauge, wherein the grating strain sensor is pasted on the combined test piece, and the displacement sensor is fixed on the combined test piece through a clamp so as to record the stress deformation condition and the loading momentum of the combined test piece in the loading process. The invention realizes that different biaxial rock coal test block loading tests can be carried out on the same equipment so as to research the cause of the dynamic disaster of the rock coal under different static and dynamic loading conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical property testing, in particular to a rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device.
Background
With the increase of the mining depth of the coal resources in China, the guarantee of safe mining of mines at high depth is a necessary condition for the safe supply of energy resources in China and the stable development of social economy. The deep-buried extra-thick coal seam hard top plate and the extra-thick coal pillar can store a large amount of elastic energy, the coal rock roadway is in a high ground stress environment for a long time, and when dynamic load caused by construction or geological structure disturbs the roadway coal body, surrounding rock instability and roadway damage are easily caused, and rock burst can be induced in serious conditions, so that great potential safety hazards are caused to the personal safety of underground workers and the problems of mining construction. The occurrence of the dynamic disaster of the rock often goes through two stages of a load transfer concentrated inoculation condition and a dynamic disturbance action excitation factor, wherein, different from the intensive action of the dynamic load in the excitation stage, the load and stress transfer in the inoculation stage are relatively slow, and can be approximately regarded as the result of a static load or quasi-static load action. The experimental research is an important basic and key means of mechanism analysis and on-site monitoring, the prepared raw coal rock or coal rock test piece is used for simulating the coal rock mass in a stope, the load transfer and stress concentration are simulated by using a hydraulic cylinder static load pressurization mode, meanwhile, various stress-strain sensors, crack monitoring and signal acquisition sensors are used for assisting, the mechanical property and the acoustic property of the coal rock mass under the dynamic and static combined loading condition during mining operation can be effectively analyzed, and technical support is provided for the occurrence, early warning and prevention of coal rock dynamic disasters.
At present, the rock test devices such as true triaxial and uniaxial rock test devices basically adopt the procedures of constant test force, constant displacement, constant deformation, constant rate displacement, constant rate deformation and multiple test rates of multiple control modes, such as triaxial static load test, Hopkinson dynamic load test and the like, and the test methods can only simply complete static load and dynamic load tests but cannot perform static and dynamic combined loading disturbance tests of deep rock-coal structures. Therefore, the invention is needed to develop a rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device to reproduce the stress environment and the destructive evolution process when the rock-coal structure is destroyed, so as to realize the research on the coal-rock mass slippage destruction rule under the static-dynamic combined condition.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention provides a static and dynamic combined loading test device for a rock coal structure, which aims to solve the technical problems that the rock test device in the prior art can only simply complete static load and dynamic load tests and cannot perform static and dynamic combined loading disturbance tests on deep rock coal structures.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device, which comprises a loading platform system, a dynamic and static combined load control system and a test system, wherein:
the loading platform system comprises a rigid frame, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, wherein a test piece bin for placing a combined test piece is arranged in the rigid frame, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is horizontally and fixedly connected to the side surface of the rigid frame and used for applying a horizontal load to the combined test piece in the test piece bin, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed at the top of the rigid frame and used for applying a vertical load to the combined test piece in the test piece bin;
the dynamic and static combined load control system comprises an oil storage cylinder, two air cylinders, two static load energy accumulators and two dynamic load energy accumulators, wherein the oil storage cylinder is connected with the two static load energy accumulators to provide hydraulic oil required by static load, the air cylinders are connected with the dynamic load energy accumulators in a one-to-one correspondence manner to provide an air source required by dynamic load, each static load energy accumulator is connected with a static load branch pipe, and each dynamic load energy accumulator is connected with a dynamic load branch pipe; the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with an oil inlet main pipe connected with an oil inlet of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and an oil return pipe connected with an oil outlet of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet main pipe is respectively connected with one of the static load branch pipes and one of the dynamic load branch pipes, and the oil return pipes are connected to the oil storage cylinder;
the test system comprises a weighing sensor, a displacement sensor, a grating strain sensor and a shock-proof pressure gauge, wherein the weighing sensor is respectively installed on output shafts of a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, the shock-proof pressure gauge is respectively installed on a dynamic load accumulator, the grating strain sensor is pasted on a combined test piece, and the displacement sensor is fixed on the combined test piece through a clamp so as to record the stress deformation condition and the loading momentum of the combined test piece in the loading process.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the top and the side of the specimen bin are respectively provided with a pressing plate corresponding to the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder respectively apply a load to the combined specimen through the corresponding pressing plates.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the number of the clamps is two, and the two sets of the clamps respectively correspond to the pressure plates on the top and the side of the test specimen bin, wherein the displacement sensor arranged on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate on the top of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen when the combined test specimen is loaded by the hydraulic cylinder in the vertical direction, and the displacement sensor arranged on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate on the side of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen when the combined test specimen is loaded by the hydraulic cylinder in the horizontal direction;
the clamp comprises a metal sheet and a test piece clamping plate, the metal sheet is fixedly connected to the side face of the front end of the pressing plate corresponding to the metal sheet, the test piece clamping plate is fixed on the combined test piece, the front end of the metal sheet is fixedly connected with a non-metal baffle, the front end of the test piece clamping plate is fixedly connected with a strong magnetic sheet, the strong magnetic sheet and the non-metal baffle are arranged oppositely, and the non-metal baffle can be driven to move towards or away from the strong magnetic sheet when the pressing plate moves;
displacement sensor is close to the setting and is in the side of strong magnet piece and with rigid frame fixed connection, displacement sensor has the telescopic spring beam, the spring beam passes strong magnet piece and orientation nonmetal baffle sets up, the front end of spring beam is equipped with metal contact, it is equipped with the spring still to overlap on the spring beam, the both ends of spring respectively with displacement sensor with strong magnet piece elastic conflict.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the combined test piece is formed by overlapping an upper test piece, a middle test piece and a lower test piece and connecting the upper test piece, the middle test piece and the lower test piece into a whole through an adhesive, wherein the length of the middle test piece is shorter than that of the upper test piece and the lower test piece; the vertical hydraulic cylinder applies the load to the surface of the test piece positioned above through the corresponding pressing block, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder applies the load to the side surface of the test piece positioned in the middle through the corresponding pressing block.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, the size of the test piece bin is: 250mm 300mm 100mm, the sizes of the upper, middle and lower three test pieces which are sequentially overlapped are respectively as follows: 250mm 100mm, 200mm 100mm, 250mm 10mm 0mm 100 mm.
As a further preferable technical solution of the present invention, a steel backing plate is disposed in the test piece bin, and the steel backing plate and the pressing plate are combined to surround the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the combined test piece under test.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the steel base plates positioned on the bottom surface of the test piece bin and the side wall surface far away from the side horizontally facing the hydraulic cylinder are integrally formed and are of an L-shaped structure integrally.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the present invention, the maximum capacity of the static load energy accumulator is 2.5L, the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator correspondingly connected to the oil inlet main pipe of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is 40L, and the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator correspondingly connected to the oil inlet main pipe of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is 25L.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the maximum range of the load cell attached to the output shaft of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is 60t, and the maximum range of the load cell attached to the output shaft of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is 30 t.
As a further preferable technical scheme of the invention, the dynamic load branch pipe is provided with an oil valve and a one-way valve, wherein the one-way valve is positioned at one side close to the dynamic load energy accumulator, the oil valve is positioned at one side far away from the dynamic load energy accumulator, and the static load branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic directional valve.
By adopting the technical scheme, the static and dynamic combined loading test device for the rock coal structure realizes static and dynamic combined loading by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder, can realize six loading modes in total to simulate the stress condition of the rock coal structure in actual working conditions, and respectively comprises the following steps: horizontal static load; vertical static load; horizontal static load and vertical static load; horizontal static load + dynamic load, vertical static load; horizontal static load, vertical static load and dynamic load; horizontal dynamic load + static load, vertical dynamic load + static load; in addition, the vertical hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder can provide static and dynamic combined loading, so that different biaxial rock coal test block loading tests can be performed on the same device, and the incentive of the occurrence of the rock coal dynamic disaster can be researched under different static and dynamic loading conditions.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an example of a loading platform system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an example provided by a rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device;
fig. 3 is a schematic view showing the mounting of the displacement sensor to the composite test piece by the jig.
In the figure: 1-a rigid frame, 2-a weighing sensor, 3-a vertical hydraulic cylinder, 4-a horizontal hydraulic cylinder, 5-an oil inlet, 6-an oil outlet, 7-a combined test piece, 8-a pressing plate, 9-a steel backing plate, 10-a dynamic load accumulator, 11-an air cylinder, 12-a shock-proof pressure gauge, 13-a static load accumulator, 14-a non-metal baffle, 15-a metal contact, 16-a metal sheet, 17-a test piece clamping plate, 18-a strong magnetic sheet, 19-a grating strain sensor, 20-a displacement sensor, 21-an oil valve, 22-a one-way valve, 23-an electromagnetic reversing valve and 24-an oil storage cylinder.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. In the preferred embodiments, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "a" are used for clarity of description only, and are not used to limit the scope of the invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not changed or modified substantially without changing the technical content of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the invention provides a rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device, which comprises a loading platform system, a dynamic-static combined load control system and a test system, wherein the loading platform system is used for placing a combined test piece 7 for testing and applying dynamic or static load to the combined test piece 7, the dynamic-static combined load control system is used for providing power required by loading of the loading platform system, and the test system is used for recording stress deformation conditions, loading momentum and the like of the combined test piece 7 in a loading process, so as to provide theoretical data for researching rock-coal dynamic disasters.
The loading platform system comprises a rigid frame 1, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and a vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, wherein a test piece bin for placing a combined test piece 7 is arranged in the rigid frame 1, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 is horizontally and fixedly connected to the side surface of the rigid frame 1 and used for applying a horizontal load to the combined test piece 7 in the test piece bin, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 is vertically fixed at the top of the rigid frame 1 and used for applying a vertical load to the combined test piece 7 in the test piece bin.
And the top and the side of the test piece bin are respectively provided with a pressing plate 8 corresponding to the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 respectively apply load to the combined test piece 7 through the corresponding pressing plates 8. And a steel backing plate 9 positioned on the bottom surface and the side wall surface far away from one side of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 is also arranged in the test piece bin, and the steel backing plate 9 and the pressing plate 8 are combined to enclose the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the combined test piece 7 in the test. Preferably, the steel base plates positioned on the bottom surface of the test piece bin and the side wall surface far away from the side, which is horizontally towards the hydraulic cylinder, are integrally formed, and the whole test piece bin is of an L-shaped structure.
The dynamic and static combined load control system comprises an oil storage cylinder 24, two air cylinders 11, two static load energy accumulators 13 and two dynamic load energy accumulators 10, wherein the oil storage cylinder 24 is connected with the two static load energy accumulators 13 to provide hydraulic oil required by static load, the air cylinders 11 are correspondingly connected with the dynamic load energy accumulators 10 one by one to provide air sources required by dynamic load, the air of the air sources is preferably phlegm air, each static load energy accumulator 13 is connected with one static load branch pipe, and each dynamic load energy accumulator 10 is connected with one dynamic load branch pipe; the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 are respectively provided with an oil inlet main pipe connected with an oil inlet 5 of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and an oil return pipe connected with an oil outlet 6 of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet main pipe is respectively connected with one of the static load branch pipes and one of the dynamic load branch pipes, and the oil return pipes are connected to the oil storage cylinder 24; the dynamic load branch pipe is provided with an oil valve 21 and a check valve 22, wherein the check valve 22 is located on one side close to the dynamic load energy accumulator 10, the oil valve 21 is located on one side far away from the dynamic load energy accumulator 10, and the static load branch pipe is provided with an electromagnetic directional valve 23.
The horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 are both dynamic and static combined hydraulic cylinders, and the loads applied by the dynamic and static combined load control system can be dynamic loads or static loads. The static load process: after being pumped out from the oil storage cylinder 24, the hydraulic oil is enabled to have stable oil pressure through the static load energy accumulator 13 and then is supplied to the corresponding horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 or vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 through the electromagnetic directional valve 23, and after the loading is finished, the hydraulic oil returns to the oil storage cylinder 24 through an oil return pipe; the dynamic loading process comprises the following steps: the process needs to be carried out on the basis of static load oil pressure, then the air cylinder 11 charges an air source into the dynamic load energy accumulator 10 connected with the air cylinder, and after the air pressure in the dynamic load energy accumulator 10 is stable, the oil valve 21 is opened to release the energy-stored air source to the corresponding horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 or vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, so that dynamic load is realized.
The test system comprises a weighing sensor 2, a displacement sensor 20, a grating strain sensor 19 and a shock-proof pressure gauge 12, wherein the weighing sensor 2 is respectively installed on output shafts of a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and a vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, the shock-proof pressure gauge 12 is respectively installed on a dynamic load accumulator 10, the grating strain sensor 19 is pasted on a combined test piece 7, the displacement sensor 20 is fixed on the combined test piece 7 through a clamp so as to record the stress deformation condition and the loading momentum of the combined test piece 7 in the loading process, and the stress, the strain, the displacement and the loading momentum data in the test process are collected so as to lead out the stress-strain, the stress-time and the displacement-time curves in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, thereby facilitating the analysis of the data.
In a specific implementation, the two sets of clamps correspond to the pressure plates 8 on the top and the side of the test specimen bin respectively, wherein the displacement sensor 20 installed on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate 8 on the top of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen 7 when the combined test specimen 7 is loaded by the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, and the displacement sensor 20 installed on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate 8 on the side of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen 7 when the combined test specimen 7 is loaded by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4.
Referring to fig. 3, the clamp comprises a metal sheet 16 and a test piece clamping plate 17, the metal sheet 16 is fixedly connected to the side face of the front end of the corresponding clamping plate 8, the test piece clamping plate 17 is fixed on the combined test piece 7, the front end of the metal sheet 16 is fixedly connected with a non-metal baffle 14, the front end of the test piece clamping plate 17 is fixedly connected with a strong magnetic sheet 18, the strong magnetic sheet 18 is arranged opposite to the non-metal baffle 14, and the non-metal baffle 14 can be driven to move towards or away from the strong magnetic sheet 18 when the clamping plate 8 moves; displacement sensor 20 is close to the setting in the one side of keeping away from non-metallic baffle 14 and is in the side of strong magnetic sheet 18 to with 1 fixed connection of rigid frame, displacement sensor 20 has the telescopic spring beam, the spring beam passes strong magnetic sheet 18 and orientation non-metallic baffle 14 sets up, the front end of spring beam is equipped with metal contact 15, still the cover is equipped with the spring on the spring beam, the both ends of spring respectively with displacement sensor 20 with strong magnetic sheet 18 elasticity is contradicted.
The loading of the test unit 7 includes a horizontal direction and a vertical direction, and therefore the loading process requires monitoring of the horizontal displacement and the vertical displacement of the test unit 7. Taking horizontal loading as an example, when the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 starts loading, the corresponding pressure plate 8 is pushed, at this time, the pressure plate 8 is not in contact with the combined test piece 7, the metal sheet 16 connected with the pressure plate 8 and the nonmetal baffle 14 form a whole, and the metal sheet is in contact with the metal contact 15 on the displacement sensor 20 during pushing, so as to drive the spring rod of the displacement sensor 20 to move, and at this time, the spring rod is used for monitoring the stroke of the pressure block; when the pressing block is in contact with the clamp on the combined test sample, the nonmetal baffle 14 is in contact with the strong magnetic sheet 18, the metal contact 15 on the spring rod of the displacement sensor 20 is attached to the strong magnetic sheet 18 on the clamp, the displacement sensor 20 is used for monitoring the deformation of the test piece, in addition, the combined test piece 7 is possibly separated from the pressing block due to the fact that the dynamic load is realized through impact, and the displacement or the deformation of the combined test piece 7 is monitored by the displacement sensor 20 after the dynamic load is applied through the clamp and the strong magnetic sheet 18. The monitoring principle in the vertical direction is similar and will not be described here.
In one embodiment, the combined test piece 7 is formed by overlapping an upper test piece, a middle test piece and a lower test piece and connecting the upper test piece, the middle test piece and the lower test piece into a whole through an adhesive, wherein the length of the middle test piece is shorter than that of the upper test piece and the lower test piece; the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 applies the load to the surface of the test piece positioned on the vertical hydraulic cylinder through the corresponding pressing block, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 applies the load to the side surface of the test piece positioned in the middle through the corresponding pressing block. The size of the test piece bin is as follows: 250mm 300mm 100mm, the sizes of the upper, middle and lower three test pieces which are sequentially overlapped are respectively as follows: 250mm 100mm, 200mm 100mm, 250mm 10mm 0mm 100 mm.
In another embodiment, the maximum capacity of the static load energy accumulator 13 is 2.5L, the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator 10 correspondingly connected to the oil inlet main pipe of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 is 40L, and the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator 10 correspondingly connected to the oil inlet main pipe of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 is 25L. The maximum measuring range of the weighing sensor 2 arranged on the output shaft of the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 is 60t, and the maximum measuring range of the weighing sensor 2 arranged on the output shaft of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 is 30 t.
The working process of the rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device is as follows:
firstly, a combined test piece 7 is placed in a test piece bin of a loading platform system, then a static and dynamic combined loading system is started to enable pressing plates 8 on the top and the side to be in close contact with the test piece under the pushing of a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and a vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, then static and dynamic combined loading simulating actual working conditions is randomly carried out, simultaneously, 30t weighing sensors 2, 60t weighing sensors 2, a displacement sensor 20 and a grating strain sensor 19 start to acquire data, simultaneously, a shock-resistant pressure gauge 12 records corresponding data until the test piece destruction process is completed, and a stress, displacement and dynamic load impulse testing system continuously acquires stress, strain, displacement and loading momentum data in the test process so as to derive vertical and horizontal stress-strain, stress-time and displacement-time curves.
Static and dynamic combined loading is realized by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 and the vertical hydraulic cylinder 3, and six loading modes can be realized to simulate the stress condition of the rock coal structure in actual working conditions, which are respectively as follows: horizontal static load; vertical static load; horizontal static load and vertical static load; horizontal static load + dynamic load, vertical static load; horizontal static load, vertical static load and dynamic load; horizontal dynamic load + static load, vertical dynamic load + static load. The vertical hydraulic cylinder 3 and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder 4 can provide static and dynamic combined loading, so that different biaxial rock coal test block loading tests can be performed on the same equipment, and the incentive of the occurrence of the rock coal dynamic disaster can be researched under different static and dynamic loading conditions.
Although specific embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely examples and that many variations or modifications may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a rock coal structure static and dynamic combination loading test device which characterized in that, includes loading platform system, sound combination load control system and test system, wherein:
the loading platform system comprises a rigid frame, a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, wherein a test piece bin for placing a combined test piece is arranged in the rigid frame, the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is horizontally and fixedly connected to the side surface of the rigid frame and used for applying a horizontal load to the combined test piece in the test piece bin, and the vertical hydraulic cylinder is vertically fixed at the top of the rigid frame and used for applying a vertical load to the combined test piece in the test piece bin;
the dynamic and static combined load control system comprises an oil storage cylinder, two air cylinders, two static load energy accumulators and two dynamic load energy accumulators, wherein the oil storage cylinder is connected with the two static load energy accumulators to provide hydraulic oil required by static load, the air cylinders are connected with the dynamic load energy accumulators in a one-to-one correspondence manner to provide an air source required by dynamic load, each static load energy accumulator is connected with a static load branch pipe, and each dynamic load energy accumulator is connected with a dynamic load branch pipe; the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder are respectively provided with an oil inlet main pipe connected with an oil inlet of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and an oil return pipe connected with an oil outlet of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder, the oil inlet main pipe is respectively connected with one of the static load branch pipes and one of the dynamic load branch pipes, and the oil return pipes are connected to the oil storage cylinder;
the test system comprises a weighing sensor, a displacement sensor, a grating strain sensor and a shock-proof pressure gauge, wherein the weighing sensor is respectively installed on output shafts of a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, the shock-proof pressure gauge is respectively installed on a dynamic load accumulator, the grating strain sensor is pasted on a combined test piece, and the displacement sensor is fixed on the combined test piece through a clamp so as to record the stress deformation condition and the loading momentum of the combined test piece in the loading process.
2. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top and the side of the test piece bin are respectively provided with a pressure plate corresponding to a horizontal hydraulic cylinder and a vertical hydraulic cylinder, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder respectively apply load to the combined test piece through the pressure plates corresponding to the horizontal hydraulic cylinder and the vertical hydraulic cylinder.
3. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the number of the clamps is two, and the two sets of the clamps correspond to the pressure plates on the top and the side of the test specimen bin respectively, wherein the displacement sensor arranged on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate on the top of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen when the combined test specimen is loaded by the vertical hydraulic cylinder, and the displacement sensor arranged on the clamp corresponding to the pressure plate on the side of the test specimen bin is used for measuring the deformation of the combined test specimen when the combined test specimen is loaded by the horizontal hydraulic cylinder;
the clamp comprises a metal sheet and a test piece clamping plate, the metal sheet is fixedly connected to the side face of the front end of the pressing plate corresponding to the metal sheet, the test piece clamping plate is fixed on the combined test piece, the front end of the metal sheet is fixedly connected with a non-metal baffle, the front end of the test piece clamping plate is fixedly connected with a strong magnetic sheet, the strong magnetic sheet and the non-metal baffle are arranged oppositely, and the non-metal baffle can be driven to move towards or away from the strong magnetic sheet when the pressing plate moves;
displacement sensor is close to the setting and is in the side of strong magnet piece and with rigid frame fixed connection, displacement sensor has the telescopic spring beam, the spring beam passes strong magnet piece and orientation nonmetal baffle sets up, the front end of spring beam is equipped with metal contact, it is equipped with the spring still to overlap on the spring beam, the both ends of spring respectively with displacement sensor with strong magnet piece elastic conflict.
4. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in claim 3, wherein the combined test piece is formed by overlapping an upper test piece, a middle test piece and a lower test piece and connecting the upper test piece, the middle test piece and the lower test piece into a whole through an adhesive, wherein the length of the middle test piece is shorter than that of the upper test piece and the lower test piece; the vertical hydraulic cylinder applies the load to the surface of the test piece positioned above through the corresponding pressing block, and the horizontal hydraulic cylinder applies the load to the side surface of the test piece positioned in the middle through the corresponding pressing block.
5. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device of claim 4, wherein the size of the test specimen bin is as follows: 250mm 300mm 100mm, the sizes of the upper, middle and lower three test pieces which are sequentially overlapped are respectively as follows: 250mm 100mm, 200mm 100mm, 250mm 10mm 0mm 100 mm.
6. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in claim 1, wherein steel backing plates are arranged on the bottom surface and the side wall surface far away from one side of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder in the test piece bin, and the steel backing plates and the pressing plates are combined to enclose the upper side, the lower side, the left side and the right side of the combined test piece under test.
7. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in claim 6, wherein the steel backing plates on the bottom surface of the test specimen bin and the side wall surface far away from the horizontal hydraulic cylinder are integrally formed and are of an L-shaped structure as a whole.
8. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device of claim 1, wherein the maximum capacity of the static load energy accumulator is 2.5L, the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator correspondingly connected with the oil inlet main pipe of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is 40L, and the maximum capacity of the dynamic load energy accumulator correspondingly connected with the oil inlet main pipe of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is 25L.
9. The rock coal structure static and dynamic combined loading test device is characterized in that the maximum measuring range of the weighing sensor arranged on the output shaft of the vertical hydraulic cylinder is 60t, and the maximum measuring range of the weighing sensor arranged on the output shaft of the horizontal hydraulic cylinder is 30 t.
10. The rock-coal structure static-dynamic combined loading test device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein an oil valve and a one-way valve are arranged on the dynamic load branch pipe, wherein the one-way valve is positioned on one side close to the dynamic load energy accumulator, the oil valve is positioned on one side far away from the dynamic load energy accumulator, and an electromagnetic directional valve is arranged on the static load branch pipe.
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| CN202111189120.7A CN113686657B (en) | 2021-10-12 | Static and dynamic combined loading test device for rock coal structure |
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| CN202111189120.7A CN113686657B (en) | 2021-10-12 | Static and dynamic combined loading test device for rock coal structure |
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