CN110030014B - Yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method for floor heave of soft rock roadway - Google Patents
Yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method for floor heave of soft rock roadway Download PDFInfo
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- CN110030014B CN110030014B CN201910204817.3A CN201910204817A CN110030014B CN 110030014 B CN110030014 B CN 110030014B CN 201910204817 A CN201910204817 A CN 201910204817A CN 110030014 B CN110030014 B CN 110030014B
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011150 reinforced concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method, which comprises the following steps: normally installing anchor rods and anchor cables on a roadway top plate and two sides; brushing the size of the arc-shaped section of the large bottom plate, and reserving a yielding space; filling and pouring the reserved yielding space by using the mixed flexible filling material; pouring a hollow arc-shaped shell structure; drilling short, thin and dense anchor rods on the arc-shaped shell structure; and (4) drilling a long anchor cable on the arc-shaped shell structure. According to the soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method, the yielding support and the arc-shaped shell structure are applied to the bottom plate, so that the control effect of surrounding rock at the shallow part of the bottom plate is improved, the characteristics of the surrounding rock are fully utilized, the support efficiency is improved, the effect of supporting the bottom plate of the soft rock roadway is improved, the operability is high, the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the bottom plate of the roadway can be improved, the service life of the roadway is further prolonged, the workload of repairing the roadway can be reduced, and the construction safety of a coal mine is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soft rock roadway floor surrounding rock control, and particularly relates to a soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method.
Background
Along with the expansion of coal mining to the deep, the increase of tunnel excavation degree of depth, tunnel country rock stress increase, and the soft rock characteristic is increasingly obvious appears in the country rock change, and the tunnel is strutted the degree of difficulty and is increased. The soft rock roadway has the surrounding rock characteristics of high deformation speed, large deformation amount and long deformation time, and years of practice proves that for the soft rock roadway, due to the characteristics of poor cementing property, low surrounding rock strength, strong rheological property and the like of the surrounding rock, deformation can be stabilized for a long time, so that shallow surrounding rock forms a supporting structure body with high strength, thin thickness and complete structure by changing the structure of the shallow surrounding rock, partial deformation energy can be absorbed, and the purpose of reducing the stress of the surrounding rock of the bottom plate is achieved. The shell structure combines the advantages of a plate over a beam and an arch over a beam. The shell in a certain form can realize that the internal force of most areas in the shell is the film force along the curved surface of the shell under the load action of various different forms, and the bending moment is zero or very small. Because the reducing arch bending moment only acts by the horizontal thrust of the support, and the support on the edge of the shell can provide various supports distributed in different ways, thereby reducing the shell bending moment, the strength and the rigidity of the shell are high, the shell has strong self-adaptive capacity to loads in different forms, and the material can be fully utilized. Therefore, the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway is enabled to form the shell structure with the greatest advantage.
The general method for treating floor heave of soft rock roadway mostly achieves the purpose of preventing and slowing down deformation of surrounding rock by improving supporting rigidity and reducing surrounding rock exposure time, and the effect is not obvious. Therefore, the method for solving the supporting problem by simply improving the supporting rigidity and only using rigid support cannot adapt to the large deformation rule of the high-stress soft rock roadway, and the roadway repair can be caused later. The existing method is soft rock roadway bottom plate support, rigid support is adopted, the effect is obvious at the beginning, after the soft rock roadway is rheologically changed for a period of time, the rigid support of the bottom plate gradually loses efficacy, bottom heave is serious, the roadway needs to be repaired, the bottom plate is supported again, the repairing workload is large, the cost is high, the efficiency is low, the bottom heave surrounding rock is not obviously controlled, and the prevention and control on the bottom plate structure are not realized.
In addition, for soft rock roadway support, some schemes can adopt bottom plate U-shaped steel, and although the bottom heave is relieved to a certain extent, the characteristics of soft rock are not fully utilized, and the bottom plate surrounding rock structure is utilized. The supporting scheme is time-consuming, labor-consuming and expensive, the installation is slow in actual operation, the supporting effect is not ideal in the later period, and the mine progress is greatly influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the defects of the prior art, the invention solves the technical problem of providing the method for treating the yielding arc-shaped shell of the floor heave of the soft rock roadway, applying the yielding support and the arc-shaped shell structure to the bottom plate to improve the control effect of surrounding rock at the shallow part of the bottom plate, fully utilizing the characteristics of the surrounding rock, improving the support efficiency and improving the support effect of the bottom plate of the soft rock roadway.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method, which comprises the following steps:
s1: with the tunneling of the tunnel, normally installing anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel, laying metal nets on the top plate, and then carrying out guniting sealing on the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel to form a reinforced concrete sealing layer;
s2: constructing a bottom plate of the roadway, brushing the size of the arc-shaped section of the large bottom plate according to the design size, and reserving a yielding space;
s3: mixing flexible filling materials according to a proportion underground, filling and pouring the reserved yielding space by using the mixed flexible filling materials, paving a metal net after pouring is finished, and sealing;
s4: transporting the arc-shaped shell structure, installing the arc-shaped shell structure after the flexible filling material is solidified, embedding the arc-shaped shell structure into the arc-shaped yielding space, mixing the flexible filling material, pouring the hollow arc-shaped shell structure, and waiting for solidification;
s5: drilling short, thin and dense anchor rods on the installed arc-shaped shell structure to enable the arc-shaped shell structure and shallow surrounding rock to form a stable structure;
s6: and (4) drilling a long anchor cable on the installed arc-shaped shell structure to enable the arc-shaped shell structure and the surrounding rock at the deep part of the bottom plate to form a stable structure.
Optionally, in step S3:
the flexible filling material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: water glass: the fly ash is 1:0.2: 0.3.
Optionally, in step S4: an arc-shaped shell structure is processed on the well, and the semi-finished product is transported to the underground and installed underground; the structural dimension of the arc-shaped shell can be machined and customized according to actual conditions, the unit structure is smaller than 3000mm, and the arc-shaped shell can be placed into a cage for transportation.
In step S5: the diameter of short and thin anchor rod is 14mm, and length is 1500mm, and the stock is perpendicular with the arcwall face, makes the arc shell structure can form stable structure with shallow country rock, and flexible filler material can absorb the ability of shallow country rock release.
In step S6: the length of the long anchor cable is 6000mm, and the size of the section of the bottom plate is kept.
According to the soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method, the yielding process space is reserved in the soft rock roadway, the flexible material is filled, energy can be absorbed, meanwhile, the yielding arc-shaped shell structure is installed, the short and fine anchor rods are installed, the short and fine anchor rods and the shallow surrounding rock form a stable structure, the long anchor cables and the deep surrounding rock form a stable structure, and the arc-shaped shell can bear certain deformation and absorb part of energy to control the floor heave phenomenon of the soft rock roadway. The pressure-yielding arc-shaped shell structure and the shallow surrounding rock form a supporting structure body with high strength, thin thickness and complete structure, the principle is unchanged, and the size can be processed and customized according to the actual condition of a mine. The yielding support and the arc-shaped shell structure are applied to the bottom plate, the control effect of the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the bottom plate is improved, the characteristic of the surrounding rock is fully utilized, the support efficiency is improved, the support effect of the bottom plate of the soft rock roadway is improved, the operability is high, the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway bottom plate can be improved, the service life of the roadway is further prolonged, the workload of repairing the roadway can be reduced, and the safety of coal mine construction is improved.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the following detailed description is given in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, together with the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly described below.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the soft rock roadway top plate and two anchor rod supports of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional dimension view of a brush outsole plate according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the underfill material of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a bottom plate mounting base plate yielding arc type shell of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the floor mounted anchor of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a base plate mounted anchor cable of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of an arc shell structure of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of an arc shell structure of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a side view of an arc shell structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Other aspects, features and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and which illustrate, by way of example, the principles of the invention. In the referenced drawings, the same or similar components in different drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals.
The invention provides a novel prevention and control method mainly aiming at the problems that the prior art is single in a soft rock roadway bottom plate supporting method, and the prevention and control effect of the prior means is not obvious. As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the method for treating the soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: with the tunneling of the tunnel, normally installing anchor rods 11 and anchor cables 12 on the top plate and two sides of the tunnel, wherein the anchor rods 11 are adopted
High-strength anchor rod and anchor cable 12 are adopted
In the anchor cable, a metal net is laid on a top plate (refer to step S1), and then the top plate and two sides of the roadway are subjected to guniting sealing to form a reinforced concrete sealing layer 10;
step two: constructing a bottom plate 13 of the roadway, brushing the size of the arc-shaped section of the large bottom plate according to the design size (refer to step S2), and reserving a yielding space;
step three: mixing the flexible filling materials 30 according to a proportion underground, filling and pouring the reserved yielding space by using the mixed flexible filling materials 30 (refer to step S3), and paving a metal net for sealing after pouring is finished;
step four: and (5) transporting the arc-shaped shell structure 20, after the flexible filling material is solidified, installing and yielding the arc-shaped shell structure (refer to step S4), embedding the arc-shaped shell structure into the arc-shaped yielding space, mixing the flexible filling material, pouring the hollow arc-shaped shell structure, and waiting for solidification.
Step five: drilling short and fine anchor rods 40 on the installed arc-shaped shell structure 20 according to a design scheme (refer to step S5), so that the arc-shaped shell structure and shallow surrounding rock can form a stable structure;
and sixthly, drilling long anchor cables 50 on the installed arc-shaped shell structure 20 (refer to step S6) to enable the arc-shaped shell structure and the surrounding rock at the deep part of the bottom plate to form a stable structure.
In the third step, the flexible filling material adopts a method of mixing underground, and the mixture ratio is cement: water glass: the fly ash is 1:0.2: 0.3.
In the fourth step, the arc-shaped shell structure is processed on the well, the semi-finished product is transported to the underground, the semi-finished product is installed in the well, and the underground construction method is adopted, so that the workload of workers is reduced, the structural size of the arc-shaped shell can be processed and customized according to the actual situation, the unit structure is smaller than 3000mm, and the arc-shaped shell can be placed into a cage for transportation.
In the fifth step, the diameter of the short and thin anchor rod 40 is 14mm, the length of the short and thin anchor rod is 1500mm, the anchor rod is perpendicular to the arc-shaped surface, so that the arc-shaped shell structure 20 and the shallow surrounding rock can form a stable structure, and the flexible filling material can absorb the releasing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock.
In the sixth step, a 6000mm long anchor cable 50 is installed, so that the arc-shaped shell structure 20 and the surrounding rock at the deep part of the bottom plate form a stable structure, the size of the section of the bottom plate can be kept, and the mine production transportation work is not influenced.
The soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method adopts the design construction bottom plate to reasonably give way to the space size, and adopts the flexible material for filling, thereby playing a role in giving way; the arc-shaped shell structure is processed on the well and installed underground, so that the time is saved; pouring the installed arc-shaped shell structure 20 by using a flexible filling material 30; short and thin anchor rods 40 and long anchor cables 50 are arranged on the arc-shaped shell structure 20, and form a stable structure with surrounding rocks of the bottom plate. The method of the invention provides a yielding space for the soft rock roadway floor, so that the soft rock roadway floor can deform to a certain degree, after the deformation lasts for a period of time, part of pressure is released, and part of energy is absorbed; determining the size of the cross section, brushing the size of the cross section of the large bottom plate, reserving a yielding space, selecting a flexible material, filling the yielding space, sealing the space, and installing a yielding arc-shaped shell structure to absorb part of energy released by surrounding rocks of the bottom plate; short and thin anchor rods 40 are arranged on the arc-shaped shell structure 20 to form a stable structure together with the arc-shaped shell structure and the shallow surrounding rock, and long anchor cables 50 are arranged on the arc-shaped shell structure 20 to form a stable structure together with the deep surrounding rock of the bottom plate. The yielding support and the arc-shaped shell structure are applied to the bottom plate, the control effect of the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the bottom plate is improved, the characteristic of the surrounding rock is fully utilized, the support efficiency is improved, the support effect of the bottom plate of the soft rock roadway is improved, the operability is high, the surrounding rock at the shallow part of the roadway bottom plate can be improved, the service life of the roadway is further prolonged, the workload of repairing the roadway can be reduced, and the safety of coal mine construction is improved.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof, and the scope thereof is determined by the claims that follow.
Claims (4)
1. A soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: with the tunneling of the tunnel, normally installing anchor rods and anchor cables on the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel, laying metal nets on the top plate, and then carrying out guniting sealing on the top plate and the two sides of the tunnel to form a reinforced concrete sealing layer;
s2: constructing a bottom plate of the roadway, brushing the size of the arc-shaped section of the large bottom plate according to the design size, and reserving a yielding space;
s3: mixing flexible filling materials according to a proportion underground, filling and pouring the reserved yielding space by using the mixed flexible filling materials, paving a metal net after pouring is finished, and sealing;
s4: transporting the arc-shaped shell structure, installing the arc-shaped shell structure after the flexible filling material is solidified, embedding the arc-shaped shell structure into the arc-shaped yielding space, mixing the flexible filling material, pouring the hollow arc-shaped shell structure, and waiting for solidification;
s5: drilling short, thin and dense anchor rods on the installed arc-shaped shell structure to enable the arc-shaped shell structure and shallow surrounding rock to form a stable structure; the diameter of the short and thin anchor rod is 14mm, the length of the short and thin anchor rod is 1500mm, the anchor rod is perpendicular to the arc-shaped surface, so that the arc-shaped shell structure and the shallow surrounding rock can form a stable structure, and the flexible filling material can absorb the releasing capacity of the shallow surrounding rock;
s6: and (4) drilling a long anchor cable on the installed arc-shaped shell structure to enable the arc-shaped shell structure and the surrounding rock at the deep part of the bottom plate to form a stable structure.
2. The soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S3:
the flexible filling material comprises the following components in percentage by weight: water glass: the fly ash is 1:0.2: 0.3.
3. The soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S4: an arc-shaped shell structure is processed on the well, and the semi-finished product is transported to the underground and installed underground; the structural dimension of the arc-shaped shell can be machined and customized according to actual conditions, the unit structure is smaller than 3000mm, and the arc-shaped shell can be placed into a cage for transportation.
4. The soft rock roadway floor heave yielding arc-shaped shell treatment method according to claim 1, characterized in that in step S6: the length of the long anchor cable is 6000mm, and the size of the section of the bottom plate is kept.
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| CN110529142B (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2021-01-01 | 太原理工大学 | Deep roadway floor heave control device and method based on intelligent hydraulic bag |
| CN111997657A (en) * | 2020-08-04 | 2020-11-27 | 天地科技股份有限公司 | Fixed bottom angle arc-shaped frame for coal mine stoping roadway bottom plate and mounting method thereof |
| CN112761661A (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-05-07 | 安徽理工大学 | Construction method for governing roadway floor heave by utilizing quadrangular pyramid reinforcing steel bar inverted arch support |
| CN116882012B (en) * | 2023-07-11 | 2024-03-29 | 安徽建筑大学 | Deep roadway floor heave influence factor and feature analysis method |
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| JP3446640B2 (en) * | 1998-12-14 | 2003-09-16 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Flexible submerged tunnel and its construction method |
| CN101906977B (en) * | 2010-07-21 | 2012-05-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for preventing and treating large deformation and collapse of softrock tunnel |
| CN202181908U (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Expanding soft rock roadway waterproof supporting combined structure |
| CN103206224A (en) * | 2013-04-26 | 2013-07-17 | 山东科技大学 | Strong resistance and strong evasion floor heave governing construction method of high-stress large-deformation soft rock drift |
| CN103388481B (en) * | 2013-08-05 | 2016-12-28 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of assembling-type precast plate for administering pucking and the method administering pucking |
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| CN104165060A (en) * | 2014-07-03 | 2014-11-26 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Four-control support technology for soft rock roadway floor heave |
| CN204060720U (en) * | 2014-08-21 | 2014-12-31 | 山西省交通科学研究院 | A kind of inverted arch structure being applicable to soft rock tunnel |
| CN205025479U (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2016-02-10 | 安徽理工大学 | Administer bottom plate support system of soft rock tunnel pucking |
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| CN105464668A (en) * | 2016-01-18 | 2016-04-06 | 山东科技大学 | Technology for controlling floor heave of soft rock roadway |
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| CN206129285U (en) * | 2016-10-27 | 2017-04-26 | 山东科技大学 | Deep soft rock roadway under high stress crossover point supporting construction |
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Effective date of registration: 20210927 Address after: 110085 No. 60-505 (1), Zhongli Chengyue mansion, Xiangyu Road, Shenfu demonstration zone, Shenyang City, Liaoning Province Patentee after: Liaoning Xinda Testing Co.,Ltd. Address before: Fuxin City, Liaoning Province, China Road 123000 Xihe District No. 47 Patentee before: LIAONING TECHNICAL University |