CN106677797A - U-shaped steel composite support structure for deep dynamic pressure soft rock roadway and construction method of U-shaped steel composite support structure - Google Patents
U-shaped steel composite support structure for deep dynamic pressure soft rock roadway and construction method of U-shaped steel composite support structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106677797A CN106677797A CN201710147579.8A CN201710147579A CN106677797A CN 106677797 A CN106677797 A CN 106677797A CN 201710147579 A CN201710147579 A CN 201710147579A CN 106677797 A CN106677797 A CN 106677797A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/006—Lining anchored in the rock
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/107—Reinforcing elements therefor; Holders for the reinforcing elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a U-shaped steel composite support structure for a deep dynamic pressure soft rock roadway and a construction method of the U-shaped steel composite support structure. The U-shaped steel composite support structure comprises anchor rods, anchor cables, a U-shaped steel support, a uniform pressure relief course, an inverted arch and supporting stand columns. The construction method comprises the steps that firstly, the anchor rods and the anchor cables are driven into surrounding rock; secondly, the U-shaped steel support is erected; and thirdly, the uniform pressure relief layer is arranged between the U-shaped steel support and the roadway surrounding rock, wherein the uniform pressure relief layer comprises a polyester fiber net, filling bodies and a rebar net. If the surround rock where the roadway is located is much broken, the number of surrounding rock grouting equipment can be increased; if a floor heave phenomenon occurs in the roadway, the number of inverted arches can be increased; and if the vault and the two sides of the roadway are intense in ground pressure and deform greatly, the number of supporting stand columns can be increased. The uniform pressure relief layer is additionally arranged on the basis of a common U-shaped steel support structure, the setting load of the support structure is increased through a pressure relief effect of the uniform pressure relief layer, and a high deformation buffering capability is achieved; and meanwhile, a plurality of selectable measures are provided, and the U-shaped steel composite support structure and the construction method thereof can adapt to different stratum conditions, can save the cost, and are remarkable in economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soft rock roadway support field, and in particular to a kind of U-shaped steel composite support of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel
Structure and its construction method.
Background technology
Currently, pit mining depth increasingly increases, and " three-hypers one are disturbed " i.e. highland pressure, Thief zone, High-geotemperature and exploitation is disturbed
Dynamic increasingly serious, in the face of increasing deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, its supporting difficult problem is more projected.Soft rock mean low intensity,
Porosity is big, degree of consolidation is poor, by construction face cutting and air slaking affected significantly or the pines containing a large amount of easy expanded clay mineral,
Scattered, soft, incompetent beds.
The reason for soft-rock tunnel is difficult to supporting be：First, surrouding rock deformation has obvious time effect, shows as initial change
Shape speed is very big, and still with larger speed rheology is produced after deforming trend is stable, and the persistent period is very long, sometimes up to the several years it
Long；2nd, surrouding rock deformation has obvious steric effect, shows that surrouding rock deformation and steady statue are subject to the shadow of depth residing for tunnel
Ring serious and bigger than competent bed influence degree many；3rd, the deflection of soft-rock tunnel, not only the amount of crushing is big, easily emits
Fall, and base plate also expands strongly, and often with the two violent displacements helped, the especially rock stratum containing clay, easily immersion disintegrate and
Argillization causes bottom distension；4th, stress disturbance and environmental change, tunnel is subjected to neighbouring digging or repairs tunnel, the etch of water, support
Lose failure, blasting vibration and mining influence.
In prior art, shotcrete, Bolt net and jet, anchor note, prestress anchorage cable, anchor pole, Steel bar rack, concrete filled steel tube are defined
A series of supporting measures such as supporting, and U-shaped steel bracket supporting, its tension, comprcssive strength are higher, with good toughness, prop up
Support force and supporting intensity, especially in deep, weak stratum is widely used.But with gradually big, the traditional U-shaped steel bracket of supporting difficulty
The needs of Deep Mine are not gradually adapted to, its defect is mainly reflected in：Space after frame between U-shaped steel and country rock, causes support
Support action deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways can not in time be played；U-shaped steel bracket is formed by connecting by the U-shaped steel Jing card cables of polylith, in structure
Rely primarily on the contact surface positive pressure transmission that frictional force and connection clamp cable between U-shaped steel on coincidence face are provided by bolt
With performance bearing capacity, only there is one section of deformation in country rock, and produce after enough frictional force, competence exertion carrying effect, no
Setting load can be applied to country rock, with deformation controlling for rock surrounding gateways.
The Chinese patent of Application No. 200810004403.8, the U-shaped steel bracket lap segment connection that can be changed between contracting rigidity
Method, realizing the support initial stage has and allows the contractibility of compressive strain, later stage to be converted to not yieldable rigid support；And for example apply
Number for 201310432028.8 Chinese patent, can active control surrouding rock deformation U-shaped steel bracket, by hydraulic jack and liquid
Pressure pillar, to apply setting load to roadway surrounding rock, and can be adjusted flexibly the size and Orientation of support support force according to surrouding rock deformation；
For another example the Chinese patent of Application No. 201410151168.2, the U-shaped steel for encircleing interlock with anti-bottom be rigidly connected support and its
Construction method, upper frame, side lower limb, anti-bottom arch and the U-shaped steel of footing is rigidly connected, to form totally-enclosed supporting construction.
Above-mentioned technology is all the improvement made in the structure of U-shaped steel bracket, and the present invention is directed in prior art means, often
A kind of present situation in combination with slip casting, anchor pole, concrete spray coating, there is provided composite supporting construction, both flexible unloaded at the supporting initial stage
Pressure energy power, can couple hardness with softness in the rigid protection of the stable later stage offer strength of surrouding rock deformation again, deep dynamic pressure be controlled well soft
Rock gangway road.
The content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of U-shaped steel composite support for being suitable for deep moving to press soft rock tunnel
Protection structure and its construction method, this kind of supporting construction, both in supporting initial stage flexible pressure relief capability, again can be stable in surrouding rock deformation
Later stage provides the rigid protection of strength, couples hardness with softness.
To realize object above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs：
The U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, including anchor pole, anchor cable, U-shaped steel bracket, laminate layer is uniformly unloaded,
Anti- bottom arch and support post, the anchor pole and anchor cable are squeezed into first inside roadway surrounding rock, subsequently set up the U-shaped steel bracket,
Arrange between the U-shaped steel bracket and roadway surrounding rock it is described uniformly unload laminate layer, if country rock is more crushed residing for tunnel, can increase and adopt
Wall rock grouting equipment is used, if bottom distension phenomenon occurs in tunnel, can be increased and be encircleed using anti-bottom, if tunnel vault and two geostatic pressures helped are strong
And with moderate finite deformation, can increase and adopt support post.
Further, the U-shaped steel bracket is stalk Semicircular arched, is formed by connecting by card cable by multiple U-shaped steel, per two
U-shaped steel bracket described in frame by connection steel pole and bolt connection reinforce, model U21, U25 of the U-shaped steel, U29, U36 or
U44 types.
Further, the laminate layer of uniformly unloading is including polyester fiber net, obturator and bar-mat reinforcement, the polyester fiber net by
The braiding of polyester fiber silk is formed, and the obturator is the woven bag equipped with spoil, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block, thick
Spend for 100-800mm, the diameter R≤50mm of the spoil, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block, the low-intensity is waste and old
The intensity of concrete block is less than C15.
Further, the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of the deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, if country rock more breaks residing for tunnel
It is broken, can increase using wall rock grouting equipment, the wall rock grouting equipment includes many hollow grouting anchors and hollow grouting cable anchor,
The slurry material of injection is cement mortar or clay cement mortar, to fill closely knit wall-rock crack, forms grouting layer, reinforces, plays country rock certainly
Main bearing capacity.
Further, the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of the deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, if there is bottom distension phenomenon in tunnel, can
Increase and encircleed using anti-bottom, the anti-bottom arch includes the anti-bottom arch of lattice type steel bar net, cushion and anchor pole, the lattice type steel bar net
Anti- bottom arch is that, by the three-dimensional lattice rack of reinforcement welding, the cushion is for spoil, gangue or strength grade
C15-C30 concrete.
Further, the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of the deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, if tunnel vault and the two ground pressures helped
Strongly and with moderate finite deformation, can increase and adopt support post, the support post is wooden post or concrete filled steel tube column,
Can be upstanding post, Y-shaped column or "T"-shaped column.
The U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel, including following construction procedure：
A) tunnel is excavated according to tunnel design section shape and size, and in drift section injection 50mm thickness concrete levelings
Layer, design strength is not less than C20, to close country rock and prevent country rock imbibition, air slaking and surface crag to be caving, reduces tunnel
The concavo-convex difference on surface；
B) after the initial set of concrete leveling layer, country rock inside is squeezed into using the anchor pole and anchor cable and is exposed, by pallet
Fix with nut, to play a part of suspention, reinforce country rock；
C) the U-shaped steel bracket is set up, certain change is reserved between the U-shaped steel bracket and the concrete leveling layer
Shape amount, thickness is 100-800mm, arrange therebetween it is described uniformly unload laminate layer, the polyester fiber net is arranged first, subsequently set up institute
U-shaped steel bracket is stated, then arranges the obturator, finally lay the bar-mat reinforcement, to prevent the obturator and crag from dropping,
After the completion of construction, the deflection of roadway surrounding rock is monitored；
D) treat that uniformly unloading laminate layer produces certain deformation, reaches the 70% of deformation allowance, after roadway surrounding rock tends towards stability,
Gunite concrete spray-up covers the U-shaped steel bracket to close whole tunnel, completes supporting, to play closing country rock, protects U-shaped
The effect of steel bracket；
E) if country rock is more crushed residing for tunnel, can increase using wall rock grouting equipment, in step B) in increase arrangement it is many
Hollow grouting anchor described in root and hollow grouting cable anchor, and mortar depositing construction is carried out after roadway excavation, the slurry material of injection is water
Mud or clay cement mortar, to fill closely knit wall-rock crack, form surrounding rock consolidation circle, play the autonomous bearing capacity of country rock；
F) if bottom distension phenomenon occurs in tunnel, can increase and be encircleed using the anti-bottom, be backbreak downwards 500- by tunnel terrace first
600mm, is beaten anchor pole and is fixed by pallet and nut then to roadway floor, the anti-bottom arch of laying lattice type steel bar net, arranges institute
State cushion, last casting concrete terrace；
G) if tunnel vault and two geostatic pressures helped are strong and with moderate finite deformation, can increase using the support post.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the advantage that with effect and is：
(1) present invention meets the supporting thought of " first allow and resist afterwards ", first, by anchor pole, anchor cable, uniformly unloads laminate layer etc. actively
Supporting, completes country rock and allows pressure, release pressure from surrounding rock and deformation, after stable, by U-shaped steel bracket and gunite concrete, formed
Permanent support, meets the deformation rule of deep-well tunnel country rock.
(2) present invention increased based on conventional U-shaped steel supporting, i.e. anchor pole, anchor cable, U-shaped steel and bar-mat reinforcement supporting measure
Uniformly unload laminate layer, country rock can be pressed well, be distributed evenly in whole support system, it is to avoid strong stress concentration and
Cause the local damage of supporting construction.
The effect of polyester fiber net：Performance is constant after its lightweight, soft, non-aging, pile things on, and mesh sheet is orthogonal
Muscle and rib, have higher bearing capacity in both direction in length and breadth, with flexible and release effect, by the uniform off-load of confined pressure in
On obturator；
The effect of obturator：1. connecting U-shaped steel bracket and country rock, at the supporting initial stage just lining power is produced；2. U-shaped steel bracket is made
Bear Even round pressure；3. low intensity, can produce larger deformation after pressing, for U-shaped steel bracket certain cushion space is provided；
4. the garbage spoil of effectively utilizes Mineral Engineering, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block, are the good of these garbages
One of processing mode.
(3) in view of the ground environment residing for tunnel is complicated and changeable, the invention provides plurality of optional measure：1. country rock is adopted
Grouting equipment is with the more broken situation of suitable for surrounding rock；2. anti-bottom is adopted to encircle to contain bottom distension phenomenon；3. adopt support post with
Prevent vault and the two consumingly pressures helped and deformation.Support form is flexible and changeable, has both adapted to different strata conditions, saves into again
This, with good economic benefits.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention one；
Fig. 2 is U-shaped steel supporting structure schematic diagram of the invention：
A () is the U-shaped steel supporting structure schematic diagram of single rack of the present invention；
B () is U-shaped steel bracket connection diagram of the invention；
Fig. 3 uniformly unloads lamination layer structure schematic diagram for the present invention；
Fig. 4 uniformly unloads polyester fiber web frame schematic diagram in laminate layer for the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention two；
Fig. 6 is anti-bottom arch structure schematic diagram of the invention：
A () encircles cross-sectional view for anti-bottom of the invention；
B () is that schematic diagram is encircleed at the anti-bottom of lattice type steel bar net of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is supporting upright column structure schematic diagram of the present invention：
A () is the structural representation that support post is upstanding post；
B () is the structural representation that support post is Y-shaped column；
C () is structural representation that support post is "T"-shaped column；
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention three；
In figure：1. tunnel, 2. concrete leveling layer, 31. anchor poles, 32. anchor cables, 33. pallets, 34. nuts, 35. hollow notes
Slurry anchor pole, 36. hollow grouting cable anchors, 37. grouting layers, 41. polyester fiber nets, 42. obturators, 43. bar-mat reinforcements, 5.U shaped steel
Frame, 51.U shaped steel, 52. card cables, 53. connection steel poles, 54. bolts, 6. concrete spray coating, the anti-bottom arch of 71. lattice type steel bar nets,
72. cushions, 73. concrete floors, 81. upstanding posts, 82. Y-shaped columns, 83. "T"-shaped columns
Specific embodiment
To make purpose, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In accompanying drawing, clear, complete description is carried out to the technical scheme in invention, it is clear that described embodiment is of the invention
A part of embodiment, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art are not having
The other embodiments obtained under the premise of creative work are made, protection scope of the present invention is belonged to.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1 to Fig. 8, the invention will be further described：
The U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel of the present invention, as shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 5 and Fig. 8, including anchor
Bar 31, anchor cable 32, U-shaped steel bracket 5, uniformly unload laminate layer (including polyester fiber net 41, obturator 42 and bar-mat reinforcement 43), anti-bottom arch
(including lattice type steel bar net anti-bottom arch 71, cushion 72 and concrete floor 73) and support post (including upstanding post 81,
Y-shaped column 82 and "T"-shaped column 83), anchor pole 31 and anchor cable 32 are squeezed into first inside the country rock of tunnel 1, subsequently set up U-shaped steel
Frame 5, arranges between U-shaped steel bracket 5 and the country rock of tunnel 1 and uniformly unload laminate layer, if country rock residing for tunnel 1 is more crushed, can increase
Using wall rock grouting equipment, if bottom distension phenomenon occurs in tunnel 1, can increase and be encircleed using anti-bottom, if the vault of tunnel 1 and the two ground pressures helped
Strongly and with moderate finite deformation, can increase and adopt support post.
Anchor pole 31 is high-strength prestressed anchor pole, and a diameter of Φ 18-22mm, length is 1200-2800mm, and spacing is 500-
800mm, array pitch is 500-800mm, and prestressing force is 50-70kN, and anchor cable 32 is high-strength prestressed anchor cable, a diameter of Φ 18-22mm,
Length is 6000-8000mm, and prefastening torque is not less than 150Nm.
Such as Fig. 2 (a) and (b), U-shaped steel bracket 5 is stalk Semicircular arched, connected by card cable 52 by multiple U-shaped steel 51 and
Into, per two framves, U-shaped steel bracket 5 is by the connection steel pole 53 and reinforcement by connection of bolt 54, model U21, U25 of U-shaped steel 51, U29,
U36 or U44 types.
Such as Fig. 3, laminate layer is uniformly unloaded including polyester fiber net 41, obturator 42 and bar-mat reinforcement 43, as shown in figure 4, polyester is fine
Dimension net 41 is formed by the braiding of polyester fiber silk, and the width of polyester fiber silk is 15mm, and the mesh of polyester fiber net 41 is rectangle, square
The specification of shape mesh is 100mm × 100mm, 150mm × 150mm or 200mm × 200mm, and obturator is equipped with spoil, gangue
Or the woven bag of low-intensity waste and old concrete block, thickness is 100-800mm, spoil, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block
Diameter R≤50mm, low-intensity waste and old concrete bulk strength is less than C15, and bar-mat reinforcement 43 forms by reinforcement welding, the diameter of reinforcing bar
For Φ 8-22mm, mesh is rhombus and no more than 40mm2。
As Fig. 5, wall rock grouting equipment include many hollow grouting anchors 35 and hollow grouting cable anchor 36, the slurry material of injection is
Cement mortar or clay cement mortar.
Such as Fig. 6 (a), anti-bottom arch includes the anti-bottom arch 71 of bar-mat reinforcement, cushion 72 and anchor pole 31, such as Fig. 6 (b), lattice steel
The anti-bottom arch 71 of muscle net is formed by reinforcement welding, and a diameter of Φ 8-22mm of reinforcing bar, cushion 72 is spoil, gangue or intensity etc.
Level be C15-C30 concrete, anchor pole 31 be high-strength prestressed anchor pole, a diameter of Φ 18-22mm, length is 2200-2800mm, in advance
Stress is 50-70kN.
If Fig. 7, support post are wooden post or concrete filled steel tube column, Fig. 7 (a) (b) is respectively and supports vertical with (c)
Post is upstanding post 81,83 3 kinds of forms of Y-shaped column 82 or "T"-shaped column.Upstanding post 81 is shown in Fig. 8 in the present invention
The structural representation of upper enforcement.
Embodiment one
With reference to Fig. 1~4, its construction procedure, method and relevant parameter are as follows：
A) tunnel 1 is excavated according to the design section shape of tunnel 1 and size, and in the section of tunnel 1 injection 50mm thickness concrete
Screed-coat 2, design strength is not less than C20, and match ratio is cement：Semen Benincasae piece：Sand：Water=1：2：2：0.45, and mix 2.5%
The accelerator of cement consumption；
B) after the initial set of concrete leveling layer, the inside of country rock 1 is squeezed into using anchor pole 31 and anchor cable 32 and is exposed, by pallet
33 and nut 34 fix, the specification of pallet used 33 is 150mm × 150mm × 150mm, and bearing capacity is not less than 150kN, anchor used
Bar 31 be high-strength prestressed anchor pole, diameter of phi 20mm, total length 2400mm, spacing 700mm, array pitch 700mm, in quincuncial arrangement,
Prestressing force 50kN, anchor cable 32 is high-strength prestressed anchor cable, diameter of phi 20mm, total length 7000mm, as shown in figure 1, at the top of tunnel 1
Arrangement one, two help each arrangement two, i.e. each section to arrange five anchor cables 32, prestressing force 150kN；
C) U-shaped steel bracket 5 is set up, certain change is reserved between the U-shaped steel bracket 5 and the concrete leveling layer 2
Shape amount, thickness is 100-800mm, and arrangement uniformly unloads laminate layer 4, and polyester fiber net 41 is arranged first, subsequently sets up U-shaped steel bracket 5,
Obturator 42 being arranged again, its thickness is 500mm, finally laying bar-mat reinforcement 43, shown in such as Fig. 2 (a) and (b), U-shaped steel bracket 5 is
Stalk Semicircular arched, is formed by connecting by 3 U-shaped steel 51 by card cable 52, and per two framves, U-shaped steel bracket 5 is by connecting the He of steel pole 53
The reinforcement by connection of bolt 54, the model U29 type of U-shaped steel 51, bar-mat reinforcement used 43 is formed by the reinforcement welding of diameter of phi 20mm, rule
Lattice are 3600mm × 2000mm, are paved with top board and two help and tense, and more than 100mm is overlapped between net, and use iron wire colligation；
D) treat that uniformly unloading laminate layer produces certain deformation, reaches the 70% of deformation allowance, the country rock of tunnel 1 tends towards stability
Afterwards, gunite concrete spray-up 6 covers U-shaped steel bracket 5 to close whole tunnel 1, complete supporting, and the concrete spray coating 6 sets
Meter intensity is not less than C20, and match ratio is cement：Semen Benincasae piece：Sand：Water=1：2：2：0.45, and mix 2.5% cement consumption
Accelerator.
Embodiment two
It is further excellent if country rock is more crushed and with bottom distension phenomenon on the basis of embodiment one with reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 6
Choosing increases mortar depositing construction equipment and anti-bottom arch, and construction procedure, method and the relevant parameter that it increases is as follows：
E) as shown in figure 5, in step B of embodiment one) in, arrange many hollow grouting anchors 35 and hollow grouting cable anchor
36, and mortar depositing construction is carried out after tunnel 1 is excavated, to form grouting layer 37, the slurry material of injection is clay cement mortar；
F) backbreak downwards 500-600mm by the terrace of tunnel 1, anchor pole 31 is beaten and by the He of pallet 33 then to the base plate of tunnel 1
Nut 34 is fixed, the anti-bottom arch 71 of laying lattice type steel bar net, and it is formed by the reinforcement welding of diameter of phi 10mm, arranges cushion
72, it is the concrete that strength grade is C15, and last casting concrete terrace 73 completes the construction of anti-bottom arch.
It is further preferred that squeezing into hollow grouting anchor 35 to the base plate of tunnel 1, mortar depositing construction is carried out, with the base plate of tunnel 1
Place forms grouting layer 37, and subsequently the anti-bottom arch 71 of arrangement lattice type steel bar net, arranges cushion 72, last casting concrete terrace
73, complete the construction of anti-bottom arch.
Remaining construction method, step and relevant parameter are identical with embodiment one.
Embodiment three
With reference to Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, on the basis of embodiment one and two, if the vault of tunnel 1 and two geostatic pressures helped it is strong and with
Moderate finite deformation, further preferably increases support post, and construction procedure, method and the relevant parameter that it increases is as follows：
G) support post 8 is set, and support post 8 is concrete filled steel tube column, and a diameter of 300mm of steel pipe, concrete sets
Meter intensity is C30, and match ratio is cement：Semen Benincasae piece：Sand：Water=1：2：2：0.45, Fig. 7 (a), (b), (c) are respectively supported
Column 8 be upstanding post 81, the structural representation of 83 3 kinds of forms of Y-shaped column 82 and "T"-shaped column.
The structural representation that upstanding post 81 is implemented in the present invention is shown in Fig. 8.
In fact construction method, step and relevant parameter are identical with embodiment one, two.
It should be noted that above example is only to illustrate technical scheme, rather than a limitation, although ginseng
The present invention is described in detail according to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood：It still can be right
Technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments is modified, or some technical characteristics therein are carried out with equivalent, and
These modifications are replaced, and do not make the spirit and model of the essence disengaging various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme of appropriate technical solution
Enclose.
Claims (7)
1. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel and its construction method, it is characterised in that including anchor pole (31),
Anchor cable (32), U-shaped steel bracket (5), laminate layer, anti-bottom arch and support post are uniformly unloaded, the anchor pole (31) and anchor cable (32) are first
Squeeze into inside country rock, subsequently set up the U-shaped steel bracket (5), in the U-shaped steel bracket (5) and tunnel (1) country rock middle setting
It is described uniformly to unload laminate layer, if country rock residing for tunnel (1) is more crushed, can increase using wall rock grouting equipment, if tunnel (1) occurs
Bottom distension phenomenon, can increase and be encircleed using anti-bottom, if tunnel (1) vault and two geostatic pressures helped are strong and with moderate finite deformation, can increase
Using support post.
2. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is that the U-shaped steel bracket (5) is stalk Semicircular arched, is formed by connecting by card cable (52) by multiple U-shaped steel (51), per two
U-shaped steel bracket (5) described in frame by steel pole (53) and bolt (54) reinforcement by connection, model U21 of the U-shaped steel (51),
U25, U29, U36 or U44 type.
3. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is that the laminate layer of uniformly unloading is including polyester fiber net (41), obturator (42) and bar-mat reinforcement (43), the polyester fiber net
(41) formed by the braiding of polyester fiber silk, the obturator (42) is equipped with spoil, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block
Woven bag, thickness is 100-800mm, the diameter R≤50mm of the spoil, gangue or low-intensity waste and old concrete block, institute
The intensity for stating low-intensity waste and old concrete block is less than C15.
4. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is, if country rock residing for tunnel (1) is more crushed, can to increase using wall rock grouting equipment, the wall rock grouting equipment includes many
Root hollow grouting anchor (35) and hollow grouting cable anchor (36), the slurry material of injection is cement grouting material or clay cement mortar.
5. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is, if bottom distension phenomenon occurs in tunnel (1), can to increase and be encircleed using anti-bottom, the anti-bottom arch includes the anti-bottom arch of lattice type steel bar net
(71), cushion (72) and anchor pole (31), anti-bottom arch (71) of the lattice type steel bar net is by the three-dimensional lattice of reinforcement welding
Structure formula rack, the cushion (72) is spoil, gangue or strength grade for C15-C30 concrete.
6. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is, if tunnel (1) vault and two geostatic pressures helped are strong and with moderate finite deformation, can to increase and adopt support post, the support
Column is wooden studs or concrete filled steel tube column, can be vertical struts (81), Y-shaped column (82) or "T"-shaped column
(83)。
7. the U-shaped steel composite supporting construction of deep moving to press soft rock tunnel according to claim 1 and its construction method, its feature
It is, including following construction procedure：
A), tunnel (1) is excavated according to tunnel (1) design section shape and size, and in tunnel (1) section injection 50mm thickness coagulations
Native screed-coat (2), design strength is not less than C20；
B), after concrete leveling layer (2) initial set, country rock inside is squeezed into using the anchor pole (31) and anchor cable (32) and is exposed,
It is fixed by pallet (33) and nut (34)；
C), the U-shaped steel bracket (5) is set up, one is reserved between the U-shaped steel bracket (5) and the concrete leveling layer (2)
Fixed deflection, thickness is 100-800mm, arrange therebetween it is described uniformly unload laminate layer, the polyester fiber net is arranged first, subsequently
The U-shaped steel bracket is set up, then arranges the obturator, finally lay the bar-mat reinforcement, after the completion of construction, monitored tunnel (1)
The deflection of country rock；
D), treat that uniformly unloading laminate layer produces certain deformation, reaches the 70% of deformation allowance, after tunnel (1) country rock tends towards stability,
Gunite concrete spray-up (6) covers the U-shaped steel bracket (5) to close whole tunnel (1), completes supporting；
E) if, country rock residing for tunnel (1) more crush, can increase using wall rock grouting equipment, in step B) in increase arrangement it is many
Hollow grouting anchor described in root (35) and the hollow grouting cable anchor (36), and mortar depositing construction is carried out after tunnel (1) excavates,
The slurry material of injection is cement mortar or clay cement mortar；
F) if, tunnel (1) there is bottom distension phenomenon, can increase and be encircleed using anti-bottom, backbreak downwards 500- by tunnel (1) terrace first
600mm, then to tunnel (1) base plate the anchor pole (31) and, laying lattice fixed by pallet (33) and nut (34) are squeezed into
(71) are encircleed at the anti-bottom of formula bar-mat reinforcement, arrange the cushion (72), last casting concrete terrace (73)；
G) if, tunnel (1) vault and two geostatic pressures helped it is strong and with moderate finite deformation, can increase using the support post.
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