CN110029362B - Split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block - Google Patents
Split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block Download PDFInfo
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- CN110029362B CN110029362B CN201910324943.2A CN201910324943A CN110029362B CN 110029362 B CN110029362 B CN 110029362B CN 201910324943 A CN201910324943 A CN 201910324943A CN 110029362 B CN110029362 B CN 110029362B
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- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
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- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block which comprises a carbon block body, wherein a carbon bowl is arranged on the carbon block body, a carbon bowl filling block is movably arranged in the carbon bowl, and the upper end surface of the carbon bowl filling block in the carbon bowl is flush with the upper end surface of the carbon bowl. The invention is matched with a casting-mechanical combined steel claw, can realize the continuous use of prebaked anodes, has short time for connecting new anode carbon blocks, low labor intensity and convenient use, increases the bonding area of the new and old carbon blocks, improves the connecting strength of the carbon blocks, reduces the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks, has low production cost, and the carbon block body and the split filling block can improve the production efficiency, improve the product qualification rate, reduce the energy consumption of unit products, reduce the breakage rate, have simple and convenient transportation, hoisting and installation, greatly reduce the cost of each link, and have the beneficial effects of excellent economic benefit and practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a prebaked anode carbon block of an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to a split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block.
Background
The modern aluminum electrolysis process adopts a prebaked anode to produce electrolytic aluminum. When the electrolytic cell is in operation, the anode assembly is composed of an aluminum guide rod, an explosion sheet, an anode steel claw, a phosphorus pig iron casting layer and a prebaked anode carbon block. The prebaked anode carbon block is generally rectangular and has a stable geometric shape, the size of the prebaked anode carbon block is different according to the size of the current of the electrolytic cell and the difference of the process by taking the stone tar and the pitch coke as aggregates and coal pitch as binders, and the current density of the prebaked anode carbon block is generally 0.68-0.9A/cm2Within the range, the usage period of each carbon block is generally about 30 days. In the electrolytic aluminum production process, the carbon anode continuously reacts with oxygen decomposed by the alumina electrolysis at high temperature, carbon dioxide gas is released and continuously consumed, the carbon anode needs to be replaced at regular time, and the replaced carbon block industry is called as anode scrap. The prebaked aluminum electrolysis production must generate a large amount of anode scrap, the generation of no anode scrap is in the last 60-70 th century, and the industrial dream that the prebaked aluminum electrolysis process is not realized until the prebaked aluminum electrolysis process is mature is realized.
The existing prebaked anode carbon block is a disposable product, and when changing the anode, firstly, the heat insulating materials around the anode scrap must be carefully knocked off by a multifunctional crown block, and then the guide rod, the steel claw and the anode scrap combined body are pulled out. After the residual anode is removed, a large amount of heat energy is taken away by the high-temperature residual anode, the molten electrolyte is directly exposed in front of eyes, and huge heat energy loss is caused by large-area heat radiation and convection at the high temperature of 930-950 ℃. The new anode is directly inserted into the electrolyte, so that a large amount of effective heat energy in the electrolytic cell needs to be absorbed, the electrolyte condensed on the surface of the cold carbon block enables the new carbon block to be non-conductive, and the new carbon block can normally work only after being replaced about one day.
The applicant of the present invention applies a series of aluminum electrolysis continuous anode production patents, such as Chinese patent 201710088066.4-prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis on-line anode connection method and structure, and reforms the anode steel claw and anode carbon block structure and the connection mode of the steel claw and the carbon block, and the continuous anode carbon block can directly butt joint with a new carbon block without consuming the carbon block to be very thin, so that the anode steel claw is not required to be worried of deformation and damage caused by ablation of high temperature electrolyte. Connecting the steel claw and the anode carbon block, casting aluminum water to replace phosphorus pig iron, gradually burning the anode carbon block in an electrolytic cell, enabling the surface temperature of the carbon block to reach about 750 ℃, enabling the melting point of aluminum to be 660 ℃, enabling the aluminum in the carbon bowl to be completely melted, unlocking the combined type mechanical steel claw, lifting the aluminum guide rod, and integrally removing the mechanical combined type anode steel claw. The carbon block with the steel claws removed is supported by the heat insulation materials sintered around the carbon block, remains in the original position and can bear huge heavy pressure without sinking.
However, the carbon bowl on the old carbon block with the steel claw removed is hollow, when the old carbon block is connected with the new carbon block, the carbon bowl on the old carbon block is hollow, so that the bonding area on the old carbon block is small, the old carbon block and the new carbon block are not firmly bonded, the overall strength of the bonded anode carbon block is poor, the conductive contact is small, the overall resistance of the bonded anode carbon block is increased, the voltage drop is increased, the electrolysis energy consumption is large, and the production cost is high.
The production process of prebaked anode carbon block is well known in the prior art, and comprises the steps of kneading carbon particles with various particle sizes, tar and asphalt, forming the carbon particles by green block vibration (or extrusion), and baking and sintering the carbon particles. The design of a carbon block die and the vibration (or extrusion) molding of a green block are adopted, and when a special roasting furnace is used for roasting, a large amount of coke powder is used for separating and cushioning the green block, but protrusions, particularly a plurality of protrusions, are arranged on the carbon block. When the carbon block with the bulge is molded, the carbon paste of the bulge part is difficult to fill, the compactness is low, even the loss is caused, and the qualified rate of the green block is low; the green carbon block weighs about one ton, has a large volume, and is low in strength and fragile. The convex part is easy to be damaged by transportation and hoisting during charging, the coke powder separation and cushion amount is large, the effective charging amount is small, the energy consumption is large, the product deformation is large, and the qualified rate is low; when the roasted carbon block is transported from a carbon plant to an aluminum plant, corresponding protection measures are needed to protect the bulges, and the method is time-consuming, labor-consuming, difficult to transport, high in cost and high in damage rate.
The method for connecting the pre-baked anode aluminum electrolysis online with the anode and the structure of the pre-baked anode carbon block with a plurality of convex parts on the upper part and the lower part of the carbon block disclosed in the Chinese patent 201710088066.4 have the problems of difficult molding, roasting and transportation, high energy consumption, low yield and high cost.
In summary, the prior art has the following technical defects: 1. the existing prebaked anode for producing electrolytic aluminum causes huge heat energy loss when replacing the anode, wastes electric energy when replacing the anode, has high working environment temperature when replacing the anode, extremely bad labor condition, large waste of carbon materials and serious environmental pollution; 2. the method and structure for on-line connection of anode for prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis disclosed in chinese patent 201710088066.4, when an old carbon block is to be connected with a new carbon block, because the carbon bowl on the old carbon block is hollow, the bonding area on the old carbon block is small, which causes the old carbon block and the new carbon block to be bonded insecurely, the overall strength of the bonded anode carbon block is poor, and the conductive contact is small, the overall resistance of the bonded anode carbon block is increased, the voltage drop is increased, the electrolysis energy consumption is large, and the production cost is high; 3. the existing prebaked anode carbon block with a plurality of convex parts on the upper and lower parts of the anode carbon block has the problems of difficult molding, roasting and transportation, high energy consumption, low yield and high cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block. The invention is matched with the casting-mechanical combined steel claw, can realize the continuous use of the prebaked anode, has short time for connecting the new anode carbon block, low labor intensity and convenient use, increases the bonding area of the new and old carbon blocks, improves the connecting intensity of the carbon blocks, reduces the integral resistance of the anode carbon block, has low production cost, and has the characteristics of simple manufacture, roasting, transportation and use of the carbon block body and the split type filling block, high manufacture product rate, low cost and low cost.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block comprises a carbon block body, wherein a carbon bowl is arranged on the carbon block body, a carbon bowl filling block is movably arranged in the carbon bowl, and the upper end surface of the carbon bowl filling block in the carbon bowl is flush with the upper end surface of the carbon bowl.
In the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block, the carbon block body at the bottom of the carbon bowl is provided with a mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove.
In the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block, the middle of the upper part of the carbon block body is movably connected with the raised head through the connecting raised head bonding groove.
In the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block, the center of the bottom of the carbon block body is provided with a connecting groove.
In the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block, the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon block body are both provided with a stemming layer.
In the split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block, the thickness of the stemming layer is 1-2 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the continuous prebaked anode carbon block with the split type filling block structure, the carbon bowl filling block and the carbon block mold used in the preparation of the carbon block body have simple and reasonable structures, and the continuous prebaked anode carbon block green block has high molding rate and high qualification rate. The method for connecting the pre-baked anode aluminum electrolysis online anode disclosed in the original Chinese patent 201710088066.4 and the structure of the pre-baked anode carbon block are provided with a plurality of convex parts at the upper part and the lower part of the carbon block, and the qualification rate of the green block is 80 percent. The qualification rate of the carbon block green blocks is 99 percent, and the production cost of the unit green block forming procedure is greatly reduced.
2. The carbon bowl filling block and the carbon block body of the continuous prebaked anode carbon block with the split type filling block structure are convenient to transport and hoist during roasting, high in working efficiency, difficult to damage a raw block, thin in coke powder interlayer thickness, high in effective loading rate of a roasting furnace, low in energy consumption of single roasting, small in deformation and high in finished product qualification rate. The method for connecting the pre-baked anode aluminum electrolysis online anode disclosed in the original Chinese patent 201710088066.4 and the structure of the pre-baked anode carbon block are provided with a plurality of convex parts at the upper part and the lower part of the carbon block, and the qualification rate of the green block in the roasting process is 90 percent. The yield of the green block in the roasting process is 99%, and the unit cost of the roasting process is greatly reduced.
3. When the carbon bowl filling block is installed on the electrolytic cell, a certain movable yielding space is formed by inserting the carbon bowl filling block into the carbon bowl, the installation precision requirement is low, the installation is smoother, and when new and old carbon blocks are connected, the carbon bowl filling block can be conveniently filled and installed in the carbon bowl.
4. The invention relates to a split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block which is matched with a casting-mechanical composite steel claw for use, wherein a steel claw sheet on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw enters a mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove on a carbon block body at the bottom of a carbon bowl, after the carbon block body is hooked on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw, the steel claw sheet on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is connected with the carbon bowl on the carbon block body through aluminum water casting and is rigidly connected at normal temperature, and after the connection is finished, an anode carbon block at the lower end of the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is placed into an electrolytic bath for electrolysis.
5. When the anode carbon block at the lower end of the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is electrolyzed on an electrolytic bath and consumed until the thickness of the carbon block body is 250-300mm, the anode carbon block is an old anode carbon block which is the best time for connecting a new anode carbon block, when the carbon block body is used in the electrolytic bath, because the aluminum water in the carbon bowl on the carbon block body is molten and the aluminum water in the carbon bowl plays a role in conducting the casting-mechanical composite steel claw, the carbon bowl and the carbon block body, and simultaneously, the steel claw sheet on the aluminum water casting-mechanical composite steel claw can freely unlock and rotate in the molten aluminum water, the aluminum water casting-mechanical composite steel claw on the old anode carbon block is unlocked from the mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove on the carbon block body at the bottom of the carbon bowl, the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is taken out and then connected with the new anode carbon block, for standby, because the hardened heat-insulating covering material at the periphery of the old anode carbon block body supports, the old anode carbon block body is always left on the electrolytic bath and does not move in situ, and the old anode carbon block body cannot fall down after the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is removed, and can bear huge force and cannot fall down;
6. when connecting a new anode carbon block on casting-mechanical composite steel with an old anode carbon block, firstly smearing foam mud on a carbon bowl filling block, inserting the carbon bowl filling block into a carbon bowl on the body of the old anode carbon block, extruding molten aluminum in the carbon bowl, enabling the upper end surface of the carbon bowl filling block in the carbon bowl to be flush with the upper end surface of the carbon bowl, smearing foam mud on a connecting convex head to be inserted into a connecting convex head bonding groove on the body of the old anode carbon block, bonding the connecting convex head in the connecting convex head bonding groove through the foam mud, smearing foam mud on the connecting convex head on the upper end surface of the body of the old anode carbon block and the surface of the carbon bowl filling block, positioning and butting the new anode carbon block on the casting-mechanical composite steel with the old anode carbon block, enabling the connecting convex head on the body of the old anode carbon block to enter a connecting groove in the center of the bottom of the new anode carbon block, and bonding the connecting convex head with the connecting groove through the foam mud, while realizing the positioning connection, the filling rate of the continuous prebaked anode carbon blocks is improved, the bonding area of the new and old anode carbon blocks is increased, the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks is reduced, the connection strength of the carbon blocks is improved, meanwhile, a prefabricated stemming layer with the thickness of 1-2mm is adhered to the bottom surface of the new anode carbon block body, under the high-temperature softening of the old carbon blocks and the gravity extrusion of the new anode carbon blocks and the steel claws, the stemming fills the gaps between the upper plane and the lower plane of the bodies of the new and old carbon blocks, then the stemming is sintered by utilizing the self high temperature of the electrolytic bath, the stable adhesion of the new and the old anode carbon blocks is realized, the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks is reduced, the voltage drop is small, the energy consumption of electrolysis is small, and the generation of residual anode is eliminated, the utilization rate of the anode carbon block is increased to nearly 100% from the original 70-80%, and the ton aluminum consumption of the anode carbon block in the electrolytic aluminum production process can be greatly reduced.
In conclusion, the invention is matched with the casting-mechanical combined steel claw, can realize the continuous use of prebaked anodes, has short time for connecting new anode carbon blocks, low labor intensity and convenient use, increases the bonding area of the new and old carbon blocks, improves the connecting strength of the carbon blocks, reduces the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks, has low production cost, and can improve the production efficiency, improve the product qualification rate, reduce the energy consumption of unit products, reduce the breakage rate, and be convenient for transportation, hoisting and installation, greatly reduce the cost of each link, and has the beneficial effects of excellent economic benefit and practical value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic connection diagram of new and old carbon blocks of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are: 1-carbon block body, 2-connecting groove, 3-mud layer, 4-mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove, 5-carbon bowl, 6-carbon bowl filling block, 7-connecting raised head and 8-connecting raised head bonding groove.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples, which are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples are given. A split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block is shown in figure 1-2 and comprises a carbon block body 1, wherein a carbon bowl 5 is arranged on the carbon block body 1, a carbon bowl filling block 6 is movably arranged in the carbon bowl 5, and the upper end face of the carbon bowl filling block 6 in the carbon bowl 5 is flush with the upper end face of the carbon bowl 5.
And a mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove 4 is arranged on the carbon block body 1 at the bottom of the carbon bowl 5.
The middle of the upper part of the carbon block body 1 is movably connected with a raised head 7 through a connecting raised head bonding groove 8.
The center of the bottom of the carbon block body 1 is provided with a connecting groove 2.
The upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon block body 1 are both provided with a stemming layer 3.
The thickness of the stemming layer 3 is 1-2 mm.
According to the invention, the carbon bowl filling block 6 is manufactured independently, the carbon bowl 5 is inserted below the carbon bowl filling block 6 to form a certain movable yielding space, the carbon bowl filling block 6 is convenient to be smeared with foam mud to be filled and installed in the carbon bowl 5 when new and old carbon blocks are connected, and the carbon bowl filling block 6 is convenient to be installed when the new and old carbon blocks are connected.
The split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block is used in cooperation with a casting-mechanical composite steel claw, a steel claw sheet on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw enters a mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove 4 on a carbon block body 1 at the bottom of a carbon bowl 5, after the carbon block body 1 is hooked on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw, the steel claw sheet on the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is connected with the carbon bowl connecting ring 5 on the carbon block body 1 through aluminum water casting and is rigidly connected at normal temperature, and after the connection is finished, the anode carbon block at the lower end of the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is placed into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis.
When the anode carbon block at the lower end of the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is electrolyzed on an electrolytic bath and consumed until the thickness of the carbon block body 1 is 250-300mm, the anode carbon block is an old anode carbon block which is the best occasion for connecting a new anode carbon block, when the carbon block body 1 is used in the electrolytic bath, as the aluminum water in the carbon bowl 5 on the carbon block body 1 is molten and the aluminum water in the carbon bowl 5 plays a role in conducting electricity between the casting-mechanical composite steel claw and the carbon bowl 5 and the carbon block body 1, and simultaneously, the steel claw sheet on the aluminum water casting-mechanical composite steel claw can be freely unlocked and rotated in the molten aluminum water, the aluminum water casting-mechanical composite steel claw on the old anode carbon block is unlocked from the mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove 4 on the carbon block body 1 at the bottom of the carbon bowl 5, the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is taken out and then connected with the new anode carbon block, for standby, because the hardened heat-insulating covering material at the periphery of the old anode carbon block body 1 supports, the old anode carbon block body 1 is always left on the electrolytic bath and does not move in situ, and can not fall down after the casting-mechanical composite steel claw is removed, and can bear huge force and also can not fall down;
when connecting a new anode carbon block on cast-mechanical composite steel with an old anode carbon block, firstly smearing foam mud on a carbon bowl filling block 6, inserting the carbon bowl filling block into a carbon bowl 5 on an old anode carbon block body 1, extruding aluminum water in the carbon bowl 5, enabling the upper end surface of the carbon bowl filling block 6 in the carbon bowl 5 to be flush with the upper end surface of the carbon bowl 5, smearing foam mud on a connecting convex head 7 to be inserted into a connecting convex head bonding groove 8 on the old anode carbon block body 1, bonding the connecting convex head 7 in the connecting convex head bonding groove 8 through the foam mud, then smearing foam on the connecting convex head on the upper end surface of the old anode carbon block body 1 and the surface of the carbon bowl filling block 6, positioning and butting the new anode carbon block on the cast-mechanical composite steel with the old anode carbon block, enabling the connecting convex head 7 on the old anode carbon block body 1 to enter a connecting groove 2 in the center of the bottom of the new anode carbon block body 1, the connecting raised head 7 is bonded with the connecting groove 2 through the foam mud, the filling rate of the continuous prebaked anode carbon block is improved while the positioning connection is realized, the bonding area of a new and an old anode carbon blocks is increased, the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks is reduced, the connecting strength of the carbon blocks is improved, meanwhile, a prefabricated stemming layer 3 with the thickness of 1-2mm is adhered on the bottom surface of the new anode carbon block body 1, the stemming fills the gaps between the upper plane and the lower plane of the new and the old carbon block bodies 1 under the high-temperature softening of the old carbon blocks and the gravity extrusion of the new anode carbon blocks and the steel claws, then the stemming is sintered by utilizing the self high temperature of an electrolytic cell, the stable bonding of the new and the old anode carbon blocks is realized, the integral resistance of the anode carbon blocks is reduced, the pressure drop is small, the electrolytic energy consumption is small, the generation of residual anode carbon blocks is eliminated, the utilization rate of the anode carbon blocks, can greatly reduce the ton aluminum consumption of the anode carbon block in the electrolytic aluminum production process.
Claims (6)
1. A split type filling block continuous prebaked anode carbon block is characterized in that: the carbon bowl filling device comprises a carbon block body (1), wherein a carbon bowl (5) is arranged on the carbon block body (1), a carbon bowl filling block (6) is movably arranged in the carbon bowl (5), and the upper end surface of the carbon bowl filling block (6) in the carbon bowl (5) is flush with the upper end surface of the carbon bowl (5).
2. The split type filler block continuous prebaked anode carbon block according to claim 1, wherein: and a mechanical steel claw connecting ring groove (4) is arranged on the carbon block body (1) at the bottom of the carbon bowl (5).
3. The split type filler block continuous prebaked anode carbon block according to claim 1, wherein: the middle of the upper part of the carbon block body (1) is movably connected with a raised head (7) through a connecting raised head bonding groove (8).
4. The split type filler block continuous prebaked anode carbon block according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the bottom of the carbon block body (1) is provided with a connecting groove (2).
5. The split type filler block continuous prebaked anode carbon block according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface and the lower surface of the carbon block body (1) are respectively provided with a stemming layer (3).
6. The split type filler block continuous prebaked anode carbon block of claim 5, wherein: the thickness of the stemming layer (3) is 1-2 mm.
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| CN102260883A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 高伟 | Structure of pre-baked aluminum electrolytic cell for heightening and connecting anode carbon blocks |
| CN105543894A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-05-04 | 周俊和 | Anode carbon block structure for prebaking aluminum cell with no residue anode |
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| CN106676580A (en) * | 2017-02-19 | 2017-05-17 | 周俊和 | On-line anode connecting method and structure for prebaked anode aluminium electrolysis |
| CN207958523U (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-10-12 | 青海百河铝业有限责任公司 | A kind of aluminium electrolysis bath energy-conserving anode group |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO321709B1 (en) * | 2004-02-20 | 2006-06-26 | Stig Torvund | Current rail, electrode mass and electrode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102260883A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 高伟 | Structure of pre-baked aluminum electrolytic cell for heightening and connecting anode carbon blocks |
| WO2016088001A1 (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-06-09 | Dubai Aluminium Pjsc | Electrolytic pot for hall-heroult process, having a cathode formed of high and low cathode blocks |
| CN105543894A (en) * | 2016-02-26 | 2016-05-04 | 周俊和 | Anode carbon block structure for prebaking aluminum cell with no residue anode |
| CN106676580A (en) * | 2017-02-19 | 2017-05-17 | 周俊和 | On-line anode connecting method and structure for prebaked anode aluminium electrolysis |
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