CN109112574B - off-line connection process for prebaked anode of aluminum electrolytic cell - Google Patents
off-line connection process for prebaked anode of aluminum electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN109112574B CN109112574B CN201811217284.4A CN201811217284A CN109112574B CN 109112574 B CN109112574 B CN 109112574B CN 201811217284 A CN201811217284 A CN 201811217284A CN 109112574 B CN109112574 B CN 109112574B
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- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
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Abstract
the invention discloses an off-line continuous process for prebaked anodes of aluminum electrolytic cells, wherein new and old anodes are sintered and solidified into a whole in a sintering smoke discharge insulation box outside an electrolytic cell by using special sintering materials and the waste heat of the old anodes, the structural design of the original electrolytic cell is not changed, the main process operation of the original electrolytic cell is not influenced, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the reconstruction cost of the original electrolytic cell is not increased. The method comprises the steps of preparing a new anode carbon block, coating sintering and curing materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block, hanging an old anode carbon block from an electrolytic cell, placing the old anode carbon block on the new anode carbon block, sintering and curing the new anode and the old anode into a whole by utilizing the waste heat of the old anode, hanging the new anode and the old anode into the electrolytic cell to be used as an anode assembly to continuously participate in electrolysis, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum electrolysis, and particularly relates to an offline connection process for a prebaked anode of an aluminum electrolysis cell.
Background
In the modern aluminum electrolysis production process, anode carbon blocks hung on the upper part of a tank and cathodes fixed at the bottom of the tank are utilized to conduct high-current direct current, electrolyte with the main component of alumina (Al2O3) in the tank is electrolyzed, oxygen atoms react with the anode carbon blocks to generate CO2 and CO gas, the CO gas is discharged, pure aluminum melt is generated at the bottom of the tank, and the smelting of metal aluminum is completed. The prebaked anode is a main raw material used for aluminum electrolysis, is also an important component of an electrolytic cell and consists of a plurality of groups of anode carbon blocks, anode conductive metal rods or bars, a lifting device and accessories thereof, wherein the guide rod and the cast steel claw are connected into a whole by welding, and the cast steel claw and the carbon blocks are connected into a whole by casting phosphorus pig iron.
The existing aluminum electrolytic cell is of a rectangular structure, prebaked anodes are positioned on the upper part of the electrolytic cell and are closely arranged in the middle, anode carbon blocks are cubic, two rows of multiple groups of anode carbon blocks are hung on each electrolytic cell, an anode guide rod on the upper part of each anode carbon block is clamped on a horizontal anode bus on the upper part of the electrolytic cell, and the lower part of each anode carbon block is immersed in electrolyte. In aluminum electrolysis production, the anode serves to conduct current into the cell and participate in the redox reaction. The structure of the prior aluminum electrolytic cell is shown in figure 2.
the prebaked anode works intermittently in the electrolytic cell, the anode carbon block continuously consumes due to the participation of oxidation-reduction reaction, the thickness of the anode carbon block is consumed about 10-20 mm every day, when the carbon block is thinned to a certain degree, namely to be thinned to about 150mm, in order to avoid the aluminum liquid pollution caused by the contact of a guide rod metal assembly with electrolyte, the anode carbon block needs to be replaced, the old anode carbon block group is lifted out and replaced by a new anode carbon block, and the taken-out carbon block is called as a residual anode, so that the aluminum electrolytic cell is circularly replaced to ensure the smooth production of the aluminum electrolytic cell.
The traditional aluminum electrolysis production process which can not consume each prebaked anode carbon block has the following defects: (1) the anode carbon block can not be completely used for production and consumption, and more than 15 percent of anodes become anode scrap and are seriously wasted; (2) a large amount of electrolyte is adsorbed in the anode scrap, the main component is fluoride salt, and the anode scrap containing a large amount of fluoride salt has serious influence on environmental pollution; (3) in the actual production, when the anode scrap is over-thin steel claws and is eroded by electrolyte, iron elements at the casting position of phosphorus pig iron are fused into aluminum liquid, so that the quality of an aluminum finished product is influenced; (4) after each prebaked anode carbon block is consumed into a residual anode, in order to recycle the guide rod and the steel claw, a residual anode group with the guide rod needs to be sent to an anode assembly workshop to remove the residual anode carbon block and an original cast phosphorized pig iron ring, and then the residual anode carbon block is re-cast and connected with a new anode carbon block and then returned to the electrolysis workshop, so that the workload of the anode assembly workshop is heavy, the occupied spare quantity of the guide rod group is huge (the quantity of the general spare turnover guide rods of the electrolysis plant reaches 40-50% of the quantity of the guide rods of the grooves), and the transportation quantity in the plant.
at present, there are some researches, inventions and technical literatures related to the anode without or with little anode scrap generation in the prebaked aluminum electrolysis production process, such as:
1. patent application CN201010181570.7 discloses a prebaked aluminum cell, it is unnecessary to change anode carbon block anode scrap, it is connected with the boss of the upper part of the anode carbon block by the anode conductive clamping fixture, directly on the upper part of the anode carbon block which is consumed to a lower height, it is connected with the conductive bearing by the new anode carbon block, the upper carbon block is heightened by the bottom anode carbon block and is connected with the bottom carbon block, so as to satisfy the replacement of the anode carbon block without scrap in the aluminum cell, the technical scheme of the connection production is realized by heightening the anode carbon block of the anode conductive device of the prebaked aluminum cell. The technical scheme is as follows: the anode carbon block is provided with a convex platform and a concave groove which can be used for clamping and connecting with a clamping fixture and can also be used for inserting, buckling and heightening a lug boss of the bottom carbon block, and the bottom concave groove of the heightened anode carbon block is inserted and buckled on the upper lug boss of the heightened low anode carbon block on an electrolytic bath, so that the upper and lower anode carbon blocks are structurally connected into an integral anode carbon block. The anode carbon block is characterized in that the upper part of the anode carbon block is provided with a convex platform which can be clamped and connected with the anode conductive card clamping fixture and can be inserted and buckled and connected with the concave groove at the lower part of the heightened anode carbon block, the lower part of the anode carbon block is provided with a concave groove which can be inserted and buckled and connected with the convex platform at the upper part, the anode conductive card clamping fixture is clamped and connected with the convex platform at the upper part of the anode, and the like. This patent application adopts the principle of online continuous positive pole, need carry out online operation in the electrolysis trough that switches on heavy current, boss and recess that utilize the positive pole upper and lower part alternate the lock and connect newly, old positive pole, and the positive pole charcoal piece need carry out unsmooth groove platform processing, and every weight sends into the electrolysis trough under narrow and small groove interval and high ambient temperature at the new positive pole charcoal piece about a ton, this needs the operation of associated mechanism, this just needs to reform transform electrolysis trough upper portion conduction and bearing structure, lead to having very big change to traditional electrolysis technology operation custom, the expense that the aluminium cell was reformed transform has also been increased simultaneously, and the production cost is increased.
2. patent application CN201610269342.2 discloses "set up the multi-functional hole groove of second floor dislocation overlap joint on the positive pole charcoal piece," the bearing conducting beam passes the multi-functional hole groove of second floor dislocation overlap joint, link up the positive pole charcoal piece and pick up it series connection, places new positive pole charcoal piece above the positive pole charcoal piece being electrolysis "," the bearing conducting beam is connected through linking solid cross arm and is carried and hang elevating gear, when the electrolytic positive pole charcoal piece burns out and is close to the bearing conducting beam, carries to hang the bearing conducting beam of elevating gear connection top positive pole charcoal piece, connects supplementary couple on the bearing conducting beam of top positive pole charcoal piece this moment, inserts the second floor dislocation overlap joint multi-functional hole inslot "of below positive pole charcoal piece with supplementary couple lower part" technical characterstic. The application of the patent adopts the principle of on-line continuous anodes, an anode hook structure is reformed and added in an electrolytic cell, a hole groove is arranged on an anode carbon block, and on-line operation is carried out in a high-temperature electrolytic cell which conducts large current.
3. the patent application CN201610784249.5 discloses that the unit comprises a continuous anode carbon block, an anode carbon block positioning and pushing system, a continuous anode carbon block crawler-type displacement system, a sliding power supply system and an intelligent control system, wherein the anode carbon block unit is of a cuboid or cube structure, the upper surface of the anode carbon block unit is provided with a clamping block, the lower surface of the anode carbon block unit is provided with a clamping groove, and the upper surface and the lower surface of the anode carbon block unit are both sawtooth corrugated surfaces; and the two sides of the slide way are fixedly connected regions, when the upper end surface of the working anode carbon block moves downwards to the horizontal position of the fixed support, the movable pushing hand in the anode carbon block positioning pushing system pushes the spare anode carbon block on the horizontal support, and the spare anode carbon block moves along the horizontal direction, moves to the position of the limit baffle in the anode carbon block positioning pushing system, and is installed on the continuous anode carbon blocks so as to ensure the continuity of the anode carbon blocks. The patent application is to reform transform and increase the positive pole in the electrolysis trough and carry propelling movement structure, and the device is set up in the other very limited space of electrolysis trough, and trompil hole slot is gone up to the positive pole charcoal piece, and carries out online operation in the high temperature electrolysis trough that switches on the heavy current.
4. patent application CN201510906478.5, discloses "an aluminum electrolysis continuous anode electrolytic cell, comprising: a continuous anode assembly arranged on the electrolytic tank, wherein the continuous anode assembly comprises an anode metal shell with an opening at the lower end and an anode body arranged in the anode metal shell, the lower end part of the anode body extends out of the opening at the lower end of the anode metal shell, a plurality of electrode bars are arranged on the periphery of the anode body extending out of the anode metal shell, an anode feed hole for filling particle mixed raw materials is arranged on the anode metal shell, a plurality of cutting assemblies for cutting the anode body to lower the height of the anode body are arranged on the periphery of the opening at the lower end, a support plate is arranged on the electrolytic tank, a plurality of electrode mounting grooves and filling openings for filling alumina into the electrolytic bath are arranged on the supporting plate, a plurality of continuous anode components are correspondingly mounted in the plurality of electrode mounting grooves respectively, the peripheral side of the anode metal shell is also provided with a clamping seat, and the anode metal shell is clamped on the supporting plate through the clamping seat. The patent application designs a new cell type completely different from the traditional electrolytic cell, carries out online operation in the electrolytic cell conducting high current, sets various anode supporting and clamping mechanisms in the cell, but the technology can not utilize the traditional electrolytic cell produced online, completely changes the traditional electrolysis process operation habit, and also adopts the principle of online continuous anode.
In addition, in patent application CN201710088066.4 (method and structure for online connection of anodes in prebaked anode aluminum electrolysis, publication No. CN106676580A) and the prior arts in documents "continuous prebaked anode for aluminum electrolysis — vibration class" and "continuous carbon anode preparation process", various methods for preventing generation of anode scrap are disclosed, which are basically structures, processes and methods for online operation on an electrolytic cell, and are based on adding or changing an anode hoisting structure in the electrolytic cell, processing anode carbon blocks into various complicated shapes such as dovetail grooves, insertion holes, insertion slots, etc., and using various mechanism devices to assist in conveying and connecting new anodes. However, in the actual production process of an electrolysis plant, the temperature in the electrolysis cell reaches above 900 ℃, the surface and the periphery of the anode are covered with electrolyte crusts with the thickness of above 500mm, the gap between each anode carbon block is extremely small (less than 50mm), the operation environment is severe, the working space around each electrolysis cell is narrow, the electrolysis cell conducts large-current direct current of hundreds of thousands of amperes for a long time, and the magnetic field is strong.
In view of the fact that the prior art is not really applied to production at present, the development of a novel off-line anode connection process which is different from other disclosed technologies, has low cost, is easy to realize, does not need to modify any structure of an existing electrolytic cell and an auxiliary multifunctional machine of an electrolytic workshop, does not need to greatly change the existing production operation habit, has small change of the shape of an anode carbon block, is easy to manufacture, greatly reduces the generation of residual anode and does not need to operate in a severe environment on the electrolytic cell is particularly urgent and important.
Disclosure of Invention
the invention provides an off-line connection process for prebaked anodes of aluminum electrolysis cells to solve the technical problems. The invention only needs to replace a small amount of residual poles in the production process, continuously uses a large amount of new anodes, does not need to modify any structure of the prior electrolytic cell and auxiliary multifunctional machinery of an electrolytic workshop, does not need to change the prior production operation habit greatly, has small change of the shapes of anode carbon blocks, is easy to manufacture, does not need to operate in a severe environment on the electrolytic cell, ensures that the anode carbon blocks are consumed as much as possible in the aluminum electrolysis production process, greatly reduces the generation of the residual poles, and solves the problems of the prior aluminum electrolysis process that a large amount of residual poles are generated, the serious environmental pollution is caused by fluorine electrolyte contained in the residual poles, the work of an anode assembly workshop is heavy, a turnover guide rod.
the off-line connection process of the invention is as follows: the traditional prototype anode is generally heated to a high temperature of more than 500 ℃ after being lifted out of the electrolytic bath, the prototype anode and a new anode coated with a sintering material are sintered by utilizing the waste heat of the prototype anode, and when the prototype anode is cooled too fast in a natural normal temperature environment and the waste heat is seriously wasted and is not enough to form a sintering reaction, the new anode is stored in a sintering smoke exhaust insulation box and sintered in the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, so that the waste heat temperature and the duration time required by complete sintering are met, and the effect of completely sintering the prototype anode into an integral anode assembly is achieved; sintering in the sintering smoke-discharging heat-insulating box can avoid the generated smoke and dust from inorganically discharging and polluting the workshop environment; the structure design of the original electrolytic cell is not changed, the main process operation of the original electrolytic cell is not influenced, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the reconstruction cost of the original electrolytic cell is not increased.
in order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an off-line connection process for prebaked anodes of aluminum electrolysis cells comprises the following steps:
(1) Preparing a new anode carbon block: placing the new anode carbon block in a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box beside an aluminum electrolytic cell, and coating sintering and solidifying materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block to form a smooth sintering and solidifying material layer which completely covers the upper surface, so as to obtain the new anode carbon block;
(2) hanging out the old anode carbon block: according to the needs of the process operation of the aluminum electrolytic cell, selecting old anode carbon blocks which are consumed to the residual thickness of 150 mm-500 mm from the online anodes of the aluminum electrolytic cell, opening a cell cover, raking and crusting openings according to the traditional anode replacement process, then loosening a small box clamp, and moving an aluminum guide rod and the high-temperature old anode carbon blocks fixed below the aluminum guide rod out of the aluminum electrolytic cell together through a crown block of an electrolysis shop;
(3) Inspecting and bottom surface treating the old anode carbon block: when the old anode carbon block in the step (2) is not put down and is hung by a crown block, an electrolysis operator in an electrolysis workshop visually inspects whether the bottom surface of the old anode carbon block is flat, whether the carbon block has cracks, whether the thickness of the carbon block is enough and whether the bottom surface has bonding impurities from the side under the condition of keeping a safe distance, and judges whether the old anode carbon block can be recycled;
(4) Aligning and assembling new and old anodes: hoisting the reusable high-temperature old anode carbon block in the step (3) into a sintering smoke exhaust insulation box by using an overhead traveling crane in an electrolysis shop, aligning and overlapping the old anode carbon block on the prepared new anode carbon block in the step (1), clamping the sintering curing material coated in the step (1) between the new anode and the old anode, aligning the new anode and the old anode up and down by using an alignment guide device in the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, and naturally forming pressure on the sintering curing material by the old anode carbon block due to the gravity of the old anode carbon block and a guide rod group;
(5) Sintering and curing: after the new and old anode carbon blocks are assembled, the heat insulation box is sealed, heat insulation materials are covered, and the sintering and solidifying materials clamped between the new and old anodes are sintered and solidified by utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature old anode carbon blocks, so that the new and old anode carbon blocks are sintered and connected into a whole to obtain an anode assembly connected with the new anode carbon block;
(6) Hanging into a groove: and (3) after sintering and curing are finished, opening the heat insulation box, when the anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, hoisting the anode assembly which is sintered and cured into a whole and contains the bottom new anode carbon block in the step (5) by using an electrolysis workshop crane together with the aluminum guide rod out of the heat insulation box, hoisting the anode assembly into the position of the vacant anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell, fixing the height, and putting the anode assembly into the aluminum electrolytic cell by using a small box clamp for continuous reaction.
All the on-line anodes in the electrolytic cell can be circularly connected with new anode carbon blocks off line according to the steps (1) to (6) to continue using the old anode carbon blocks, and the new anode carbon blocks can be circularly replaced and used when the anodes need to be replaced in the traditional aluminum electrolysis process. In the step (4), after the old anode carbon block is hung above the prepared new anode carbon block group in the sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box, the new anode and the old anode are vertically aligned by utilizing an alignment guide device in the sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box, and after the vertical alignment positions of the old anode carbon block and the new anode carbon block group are confirmed, the old anode carbon block is vertically aligned and superposed on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block group; in the step (5), the performances of the anode assembly in electric conduction, load bearing, bending resistance, compression resistance, tensile resistance and reaction activity meet the application performance requirements of the aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block.
Furthermore, the anode comprises a prototype carbon block and a special-shaped carbon block; the old anode carbon block is a prototype carbon block, a bowl hole and a step are reserved at the top of the old anode carbon block, and a guide rod and a steel claw can be poured into molten iron in an aluminum electrolysis assembly workshop to form an integrated traditional anode carbon block; the new anode carbon block is a special-shaped carbon block, the top of the new anode carbon block is not provided with a bowl hole and a step, and the upper part of the new anode carbon block is provided with a relatively flat surface of a horizontal groove for increasing the sintering grip; the upper surface of the special-shaped carbon block is a flat plane which is not smooth, and in order to increase the sintering holding force and keep stable connection, the upper surface of the special-shaped carbon block is provided with longitudinal and transverse grooves with the depth of more than or equal to 0.5mm and the width of more than or equal to 0.5mm or patterns capable of increasing the surface roughness; to increase the sintering grip, it is also possible to perform grooving or roughening of the bottom surface of the prototype anode.
Further, the prototype carbon block is sintered with the special-shaped carbon block into a whole and then hung back to the electrolytic bath to continue to react, when the special-shaped carbon block and the sintering and solidifying material layer are consumed, the prototype carbon block is used for repeatedly sintering and connecting a new special-shaped carbon block until the prototype carbon block is consumed, cracks and looseness exist or the thickness of the prototype carbon block can damage a traditional steel claw and the reaction cannot be continued, and then the prototype carbon block is replaced according to the traditional anode scrap treatment process.
Further, in the step (1), the sintering and solidifying material is made of organic substances containing C, H, N, O elements and resin, the sintering and solidifying material has the characteristic of being capable of being sintered and solidified in the environment with the temperature of 150-900 ℃, and the electrical conductivity, the bearing capacity, the tensile strength, the breaking strength and the compressive strength, the impurity content and the reaction activity of the sintering and solidifying material meet the application performance requirements of the aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block.
Further, in the step (5), the sintering and solidifying material is sintered mainly by using the residual heat of the old anode carbon block which is taken out from the electrolytic bath and has a high temperature of more than or equal to 200 ℃, and when the residual heat of the old anode carbon block is not enough to complete the sintering and solidifying of the sintering and solidifying material, the sintering is completed by adopting a heating means in an auxiliary manner.
further, in the step (5), the height of the anode assembly can be adjusted according to the space of the aluminum electrolytic cell and the voltage drop of the electric conduction, the adjustment is realized by utilizing the prefabricated height of the new anode carbon block and the residual thickness of the old anode carbon block, and the adjustable range is 300-1000 mm.
Further, in the step (5), the sintering and curing time is 1-36 h, and the residual heat temperature corresponding to the old anode carbon block is 900-150 ℃.
Further, in step (6), the original carbon block connected with the guide rod steel claw according to the traditional anode structure is arranged below and between the upper and the newly-connected special-shaped carbon blocks, an anode assembly which is connected in a sintering way is arranged beside the electrolytic cell through sintering materials, and the anode assembly is alternately filled in the anode vacancy of the electrolytic cell.
Furthermore, the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box is a box-shaped device capable of realizing airtight heat insulation and organized smoke collection, is placed at the side of an operation channel of an aluminum electrolysis cell and can be shared by a plurality of electrolysis cells, one or more anode carbon blocks are arranged in the box and are stored and sintered, heat insulation materials are lined in the box, a movable door or a cover plate facilitating the entrance and exit of an anode group with a guide rod is arranged at the side and the top of the box, and the top or the side of the box is connected with a smoke exhaust channel.
The process does not change the structural design of the original aluminum electrolytic cell, does not influence the main process operation of the original aluminum electrolytic cell, has simple structure and simple and convenient operation, and does not increase the transformation cost of the original aluminum electrolytic cell. The off-line continuous process is different from other continuous anode process operation in the aluminum electrolysis cell, is not operated in the aluminum electrolysis cell, but is operated away from the production line, and is called as off-line process.
in the steps of the inspection of the old anode and the bottom surface treatment, when the old anode is judged to be reusable, the next step is carried out, if the old anode is not reusable, the old anode is placed in a residual anode tray according to the original anode replacement process, and the old anode is treated according to the traditional process; when the old anode carbon block cannot be reused only because the bottom surface contains impurities, workers can clean the impurities on the bottom surface of the old anode by using a long rod tool and can reuse the old anode carbon block.
in the off-line continuous process of the application, the traditional prototype anode generally has a high temperature of more than 500 ℃ after being lifted out of the electrolytic bath, the prototype anode and the new anode coated with the sintering material are sintered by utilizing the waste heat of the prototype anode, the prototype anode carbon block is cooled too fast in the natural normal temperature environment, the waste heat is seriously wasted and is not enough to form a sintering reaction, the new anode is stored in a sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, sintering is carried out in the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, the waste heat temperature and the duration time required by complete sintering are met, and the effect of completely sintering the prototype anode into an integral anode assembly is achieved; sintering in the sintering smoke-discharging heat-insulating box can avoid the generated smoke and dust from inorganically discharging and polluting the workshop environment; the structure design of the original electrolytic cell is not changed, the main process operation of the original electrolytic cell is not influenced, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the reconstruction cost of the original electrolytic cell is not increased.
due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the existing electrolytic plant which produces 50 million tons per year in the aluminum electrolysis process, the traditional process consumes 25 million tons of anodes and produces about 4 million tons of residual anodes per year, the price of a new anode is estimated according to 4000 yuan per ton, the selling price of the residual anodes is estimated according to 1500 yuan per ton, and the value of the residual anodes wasted per year is up to 1 hundred million yuan. By adopting the technology of the invention, half of the residual anode quantity is reduced every time a new anode carbon block is connected, and through practical production practice inspection, each prototype anode can be connected with more than 3 times of new anode carbon blocks on average, the residual anode quantity is reduced by more than 80% compared with the traditional process, and the cost of the anode carbon block saved every year is up to more than 8000 ten thousand yuan.
(2) According to the existing 50 ten thousand tons of electrolysis plants of aluminum electrolysis process, the number of the anode guide rod group is about 20000, the number of the anode assembly process is about 8000, and the value of each guide rod is 5000 yuan. By adopting the technology of the invention, the number of the turnover guide rod sets is reduced by half when a new anode carbon block is connected, and through practical production practice inspection, each prototype anode can be connected with more than 3 times of new anode carbon blocks on average, thus reducing the turnover guide rod sets by about 6000 compared with the traditional process, and saving the cost of the guide rod sets by more than 3000 ten thousand yuan.
(3) According to the existing electrolytic plant which produces 50 ten thousand tons per year in the aluminum electrolysis process, an anode assembly workshop carries out 3 shifts production all the year, the number of workers in the workshop is more than 150, and the annual operation and maintenance cost of the whole workshop is about 4000 ten thousand yuan. After the technology of the invention is adopted, the residual anode treatment capacity is only within the original 20%, the workload of an anode assembly workshop is also reduced to within the original 20%, and the operation and maintenance cost is saved by more than 3000 ten thousand yuan each year.
(4) In the production process, only a small amount of residual anodes need to be replaced, the anodes are continuously used as much as possible, the heat preservation box is adopted in the off-line continuous process for heat preservation and organized smoke discharge and dust collection, meanwhile, the sintering and solidifying materials can fully utilize the waste heat of the old anode carbon blocks for sintering and solidifying, and the off-line continuous process comprises the following steps: the traditional prototype anode has a high temperature of more than 500 ℃ after being lifted out of the electrolytic tank, the prototype anode and a new anode coated with a sintering material are sintered by utilizing the waste heat of the prototype anode, the prototype anode is cooled too fast in a natural normal temperature environment, the waste heat is seriously insufficient to form a sintering reaction, the new anode is stored in an insulation box and sintered in the insulation box, the waste heat temperature and the duration time required by complete sintering are met, and the effect of completely sintering the original anode into an integral anode assembly is achieved.
(5) the application does not change the connection mode of the traditional aluminum guide rod and the anode carbon block, does not need to transform any structure of the traditional electrolysis bath and the auxiliary multifunctional machinery in the electrolysis workshop, does not need to change the existing production operation steps greatly, has small change of the shape of the anode carbon block, is easy to manufacture, does not need to work in the adverse environment on the electrolysis bath, does not change the structural design of the original electrolysis bath, does not influence the main process operation of the original electrolysis bath, has simple structure, is simple and convenient to operate, and reduces the transformation cost of the original electrolysis bath.
(6) The invention utilizes the sintering and solidifying material to sinter and solidify the old and new anodes into a whole under the action of the residual heat of the carbon blocks, and increases the sintering and smoke discharging heat preservation box according to the actual situation when necessary, for example, the temperature of the northern aluminum factory is increased when the temperature is reduced in winter, and the southern aluminum factory can not adopt the heat preservation box when the environmental temperature is generally higher.
(7) the sintering and solidifying material is made of organic substances containing C, H, N, O elements and resin, has the manufacturing cost similar to that of a prebaked anode, can be used as an anode to participate in the oxidation-reduction reaction of aluminum electrolysis, does not pollute aluminum liquid, does not increase pollutant discharge and does not increase the production cost of an electrolytic aluminum plant.
drawings
In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the drawings needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some examples of the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive step, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an old anode carbon block sintered and jointed with a new anode carbon block in the process of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a prior art aluminum electrolysis cell as described in the background art.
Detailed Description
the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples, and any modifications or substitutions in the basic spirit of the embodiments are included in the scope of the present invention as claimed in the claims.
example 1
In an electrolytic aluminum plant with normal production annual capacity of 50 ten thousand tons, the technology of the prebaked anode off-line connection process of the aluminum electrolytic cell is adopted, and the operation is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) preparing a new anode carbon block: placing a new anode carbon block with the thickness of 400mm in a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box beside an aluminum electrolytic cell, and coating sintering curing materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block to form a smooth sintering curing material layer which completely covers the upper surface, wherein the thickness of the material layer is about 5 mm;
(2) Hanging out the old anode carbon block: selecting an old anode which is consumed to the residual thickness of about 300mm from the online anodes of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and moving an aluminum guide rod and a high-temperature old anode carbon block fixed below the aluminum guide rod out of the aluminum electrolysis cell together by opening a cell cover, raking and crusting openings, loosening a small box clamp and using a crown block in an electrolysis shop according to the traditional process for replacing the anode;
(3) old anode inspection and bottom surface treatment: when an electrolysis operator hangs an old anode out of a crown block in an electrolysis workshop and does not put down the old anode, the operator keeps a safe distance beside the old anode to visually inspect that the bottom surface of the old anode is flat, the carbon block has no cracks, the thickness of the carbon block is proper, and a small amount of bonding impurities are arranged on the bottom surface of the old anode, judges that the old anode carbon block can be recycled, and cleans the impurities on the bottom surface of the old anode by using a long rod tool; detecting the temperature of the old carbon block by an operator by using an infrared temperature measuring gun to be about 700 ℃;
(4) Aligning and assembling new and old anodes: hoisting a high-temperature old anode carbon block into a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box by using an overhead traveling crane in an electrolysis shop, and overlapping the old anode carbon block on a new anode carbon block the upper surface of which is coated with a sintering material; the new anode and the old anode are aligned up and down; the old anode naturally forms pressure on the sintering and solidifying material layer because of the weight of the carbon block and the guide rod group;
(5) Sintering and curing: after the new and old anodes are assembled, sealing the heat insulation box, sintering and curing the sintering and curing material clamped between the new and old anodes by using the waste heat of the old anode carbon block with high temperature of about 700 ℃, wherein the sintering time is about 3 hours, so that the new and old anode carbon blocks are sintered and connected into a whole with the thickness of 705mm, and an anode assembly with the new anode carbon block connected is obtained for standby;
(6) hanging into a groove: when the anode of the electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, the anode assembly which is sintered and solidified into a whole and contains the bottom new anode carbon block is hoisted out of the insulation can together with the aluminum guide rod and into the position of the vacant anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell by using the crane in the electrolytic cell, the height is fixed, and the anode assembly is placed into the aluminum electrolytic cell by using a small box clamp for continuous reaction.
(7) after the anode assembly of the embodiment works in the tank for 25 days and the bottom new anode carbon block and the sintering material layer are all consumed, the new anode is continuously sintered according to the steps (1) to (6) to form a new anode assembly, and the new anode assembly is circularly replaced and used in the electrolysis process. The assembly is used for 5 times of co-circulation sintering until the old anode carbon block connected with the guide rod steel claw is thinned to the thickness of only 150mm, and then the old anode carbon block is taken as a residual anode and sent to an anode assembly workshop for treatment.
Compared with the original traditional single anode replacement process, the method comprises the following steps: the traditional single anode is 650mm in thickness, and the residual anode with the thickness of 150mm after 500mm consumption is sent to an anode assembly workshop for processing, wherein the actual waste rate of the residual anode is 23%; after the technology of the invention is adopted, the thickness of the traditional prototype anode carbon block is 650mm, 5 new special-shaped anode carbon blocks with the thickness of 400mm are continuously used, the anode carbon block with the thickness of 5x400mm +5x5mm +500mm which is 2525mm and the residual anode with the thickness of 150mm are consumed, the actual waste rate of the residual anode is only 5.6%, the utilization rate of the anode carbon block is improved by 17.4% without increasing and reconstructing any mechanism and device of an electrolytic cell, increasing the production cost and changing the traditional operation habit of the electrolytic cell, and the operation load rate of an anode assembly workshop is reduced to one fourth of the operation load rate of the traditional process.
Example 2
In an electrolytic aluminum plant with normal production annual capacity of 50 ten thousand tons, the technology of the prebaked anode off-line connection process of the aluminum electrolytic cell is adopted, and the operation is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) Preparing a new anode carbon block: placing a new anode carbon block with the thickness of 450mm in a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box beside an aluminum electrolytic cell, and coating sintering curing materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block to form a smooth sintering curing material layer which completely covers the upper surface, wherein the thickness of the material layer is about 8 mm;
(2) Hanging out the old anode carbon block: selecting an old anode which is consumed to the residual thickness of about 250mm from the online anodes of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and moving an aluminum guide rod and a high-temperature old anode carbon block fixed below the aluminum guide rod out of the aluminum electrolysis cell together by opening a cell cover, raking and crusting openings, loosening a small box clamp and using a crown block in an electrolysis shop according to the traditional process for replacing the anode;
(3) Old anode inspection and bottom surface treatment: when an electrolysis operator hangs an old anode out of a crown block in an electrolysis workshop and does not put down the old anode, the operator keeps a safe distance beside the old anode to visually inspect that the bottom surface of the old anode is flat, the carbon block has no cracks, the thickness of the carbon block is proper, and a small amount of bonding impurities are arranged on the bottom surface of the old anode, judges that the old anode carbon block can be recycled, and cleans the impurities on the bottom surface of the old anode by using a long rod tool; detecting the temperature of the old carbon block by an operator by using an infrared temperature measuring gun to be about 600 ℃;
(4) Aligning and assembling new and old anodes: hoisting a high-temperature old anode carbon block into a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box by using an overhead traveling crane in an electrolysis shop, and overlapping the old anode carbon block on a new anode carbon block the upper surface of which is coated with a sintering material; the new anode and the old anode are aligned up and down; the old anode naturally forms pressure on the sintering and solidifying material layer because of the weight of the carbon block and the guide rod group;
(5) Sintering and curing: after the new and old anodes are assembled, the heat insulation box is sealed, the sintering and solidifying material clamped between the new and old anodes is sintered and solidified by utilizing the waste heat of the old anode carbon block with high temperature of about 600 ℃, the sintering time is about 4.5 hours, the new and old anode carbon blocks are sintered and connected into a whole with the thickness of 708mm, and an anode assembly connected with the new anode carbon block is obtained for standby;
(6) Hanging into a groove: when the anode of the electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, the anode assembly which is sintered and solidified into a whole and contains the bottom new anode carbon block is hoisted out of the insulation can together with the aluminum guide rod and into the position of the vacant anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell by using the crane in the electrolytic cell, the height is fixed, and the anode assembly is placed into the aluminum electrolytic cell by using a small box clamp for continuous reaction.
(7) After the anode assembly of the embodiment is operated in the tank for 29 days and the bottom new anode carbon block and the sintering material layer are all consumed, the new anode is continuously sintered according to the steps (1) to (6) to form a new anode assembly, and the new anode assembly is circularly replaced and used in the electrolysis process. The assembly is used for 4 times of co-circulation sintering until the old anode carbon block connected with the guide rod steel claw is thinned to the thickness of only 140mm, and then the old anode carbon block is taken as a residual anode and sent to an anode assembly workshop for treatment.
compared with the original traditional single anode replacement process, the method comprises the following steps: the traditional single anode is 650mm in thickness, and the residual anode with the thickness of 140mm after 510mm is consumed is sent to an anode assembly workshop for processing, wherein the actual waste rate of the residual anode is 21.5%; after the technology of the invention is adopted, the thickness of the traditional prototype anode carbon block is 650mm, 4 new special-shaped anode carbon blocks with the thickness of 450mm are continuously used, the anode carbon block with the thickness of 4x450mm +4x8mm +510mm which is 2342mm and the residual anode with the thickness of 140mm are consumed, the actual waste rate of the residual anode is only 5.7%, the utilization rate of the anode carbon block is improved by 15.8 percentage points under the conditions of not increasing and reconstructing any mechanism device of an electrolytic cell, not increasing the production cost and not changing the traditional operation habit of the electrolytic cell, and the operation load rate of an anode assembly workshop is reduced to one fourth of the operation load rate of the traditional process.
Example 3
In an electrolytic aluminum plant with normal production annual capacity of 50 ten thousand tons, the technology of the prebaked anode off-line connection process of the aluminum electrolytic cell is adopted, and the operation is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) preparing a new anode carbon block: putting a new anode carbon block with the thickness of 350mm in a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box beside an aluminum electrolytic cell, and coating sintering curing materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block to form a smooth sintering curing material layer which covers the complete upper surface, wherein the thickness of the material layer is about 5 mm;
(2) Hanging out the old anode carbon block: selecting an old anode which is consumed to the residual thickness of about 350mm from the online anodes of the aluminum electrolysis cell, and moving an aluminum guide rod and a high-temperature old anode carbon block fixed below the aluminum guide rod out of the aluminum electrolysis cell together by opening a cell cover, raking and crusting openings, loosening a small box clamp and using a crown block in an electrolysis shop according to the traditional process for replacing the anode;
(3) Old anode inspection and bottom surface treatment: when an electrolysis operator hangs an old anode out of a crown block in an electrolysis workshop and does not put down the old anode, the operator keeps a safe distance beside the old anode to visually inspect that the bottom surface of the old anode is flat, the carbon block has no cracks, the thickness of the carbon block is proper, and a small amount of bonding impurities are arranged on the bottom surface of the old anode, judges that the old anode carbon block can be recycled, and cleans the impurities on the bottom surface of the old anode by using a long rod tool; detecting the temperature of the old carbon block by an operator by using an infrared temperature measuring gun to be about 800 ℃;
(4) aligning and assembling new and old anodes: hoisting a high-temperature old anode carbon block into a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box by using an overhead traveling crane in an electrolysis shop, and overlapping the old anode carbon block on a new anode carbon block the upper surface of which is coated with a sintering material; the new anode and the old anode are aligned up and down; the old anode naturally forms pressure on the sintering and solidifying material layer because of the weight of the carbon block and the guide rod group;
(5) Sintering and curing: after the new and old anodes are assembled, sealing the heat insulation box, sintering and curing the sintering and curing material clamped between the new and old anodes by using the waste heat of the old anode carbon block with high temperature of about 800 ℃, wherein the sintering time is about 2.5 hours, so that the new and old anode carbon blocks are sintered and connected into a whole with the thickness of 705mm, and an anode assembly connected with the new anode carbon block is obtained for standby;
(6) Hanging into a groove: when the anode of the electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, the anode assembly which is sintered and solidified into a whole and contains the bottom new anode carbon block is hoisted out of the insulation can together with the aluminum guide rod and into the position of the vacant anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell by using the crane in the electrolytic cell, the height is fixed, and the anode assembly is placed into the aluminum electrolytic cell by using a small box clamp for continuous reaction.
(7) And (3) after the anode assembly works in the tank for 22 days and the bottom new anode carbon block and the sintering material layer are all consumed, circularly sintering and continuing a new anode according to the steps (1) to (6) to form a new anode assembly, and circularly replacing and using the new anode assembly in the electrolysis process. The assembly is used for 6 times of co-circulation sintering until the old anode carbon block connected with the guide rod steel claw is thinned to the thickness of only 150mm, and then the old anode carbon block is taken as a residual anode and sent to an anode assembly workshop for treatment.
Compared with the original traditional single anode replacement process, the method comprises the following steps: the traditional single anode is 650mm in thickness, and the residual anode with the thickness of 150mm after 500mm consumption is sent to an anode assembly workshop for processing, wherein the actual waste rate of the residual anode is 23%; after the technology of the invention is adopted, the thickness of the traditional prototype anode carbon block is 650mm, 6 new special-shaped anode carbon blocks with the thickness of 350mm are continuously used, the anode carbon block with the thickness of 6x350mm +6x5mm +500mm which is 2630mm and the residual anode with the thickness of 150mm are consumed totally, the actual waste rate of the residual anode is only 5.4 percent, the utilization rate of the anode carbon block is improved by 17.6 percent points under the conditions of not increasing and reconstructing any mechanism device of an electrolytic cell, not increasing the production cost and not changing the traditional operation habit of the electrolytic cell, and the operation load rate of an anode assembly workshop is reduced to one fourth of the operation load rate of the traditional process.
The invention has the characteristics that the structure of an electrolytic cell needs to be modified, various mechanism devices need to be added at the relevant parts of the electrolytic cell, the shape of the carbon block needs to be changed to increase the manufacturing difficulty of the anode carbon block, the anode is basically connected on line and the like in all the disclosed technologies with similar functions.
The invention utilizes the waste heat of the old carbon block to be connected outside the electrolytic cell in an off-line sintering way, does not modify any structure of the prior electrolytic cell and auxiliary multifunctional machinery of an electrolytic workshop, does not change the prior production operation habit, has small change of the shape of the anode carbon block, is easy to manufacture, and does not need to operate in the severe environment of the electrolytic cell.
In conclusion, the invention does not need to modify any structure of the prior electrolytic cell and any auxiliary multifunctional machinery of an electrolytic workshop, does not need to greatly change the prior production operation habit, has small change of the shape of the anode carbon block, is easy to manufacture, does not need to operate in a severe environment on the electrolytic cell, only needs to replace a small amount of residual anodes in the production process, and continuously uses a large amount of new anodes, so that the anode carbon block is consumed as much as possible in the aluminum electrolysis production process, the generation of the residual anodes is greatly reduced, and the problems of the prior aluminum electrolysis process, serious environmental pollution caused by fluorine electrolyte contained in the residual anodes, heavy work of an anode assembly workshop, large capital occupation of a turnover guide rod group and the like are. The off-line connection process of the invention is as follows: the traditional prototype anode has a high temperature of more than 500 ℃ after being lifted out of the electrolytic bath, the prototype anode and a new anode coated with a sintering material are sintered by utilizing the waste heat of the prototype anode, and when the prototype anode is cooled too fast in a natural normal temperature environment and the waste heat is seriously wasted and is not enough to form a sintering reaction, the new anode is stored in a sintering smoke exhaust insulation box and sintered in the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, so that the waste heat temperature and the duration time required by complete sintering are met, and the effect of completely sintering the prototype anode into an integral anode assembly is achieved; sintering in the sintering smoke-discharging heat-insulating box can avoid the generated smoke and dust from inorganically discharging and polluting the workshop environment; the structure design of the original electrolytic cell is not changed, the main process operation of the original electrolytic cell is not influenced, the structure is simple, the operation is simple and convenient, and the reconstruction cost of the original electrolytic cell is not increased.
it will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (9)
1. An off-line connection process for prebaked anodes of aluminum electrolysis cells is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Preparing a new anode carbon block: placing the new anode carbon block in a sintering smoke-discharging heat-preserving box beside an aluminum electrolytic cell, and coating sintering and solidifying materials on the upper surface of the new anode carbon block to form a smooth sintering and solidifying material layer which completely covers the upper surface, so as to obtain the new anode carbon block;
(2) Hanging out the old anode carbon block: according to the needs of the process operation of the aluminum electrolytic cell, selecting old anode carbon blocks which are consumed to the residual thickness of 150 mm-500 mm from the online anodes of the aluminum electrolytic cell, opening a cell cover, raking and crusting openings according to the traditional anode replacement process, then loosening a small box clamp, and moving an aluminum guide rod and the high-temperature old anode carbon blocks fixed below the aluminum guide rod out of the aluminum electrolytic cell together through a crown block of an electrolysis shop;
(3) Inspecting and bottom surface treating the old anode carbon block: when the old anode carbon block in the step (2) is not put down and is hung by a crown block, an electrolysis operator in an electrolysis workshop visually inspects whether the bottom surface of the old anode carbon block is flat, whether the carbon block has cracks, whether the thickness of the carbon block is enough and whether the bottom surface has bonding impurities from the side under the condition of keeping a safe distance, and judges whether the old anode carbon block can be recycled;
(4) Aligning and assembling new and old anodes: hoisting the reusable high-temperature old anode carbon block in the step (3) into a sintering smoke exhaust insulation box by using an overhead traveling crane in an electrolysis shop, aligning and overlapping the old anode carbon block on the prepared new anode carbon block in the step (1), clamping the sintering curing material coated in the step (1) between the new anode and the old anode, aligning the new anode and the old anode up and down by using an alignment guide device in the sintering smoke exhaust insulation box, and naturally forming pressure on the sintering curing material by the old anode carbon block due to the gravity of the old anode carbon block and a guide rod group;
(5) sintering and curing: after the new and old anode carbon blocks are assembled, the heat insulation box is sealed, heat insulation materials are covered, and the sintering and solidifying materials clamped between the new and old anodes are sintered and solidified by utilizing the waste heat of the high-temperature old anode carbon blocks, so that the new and old anode carbon blocks are sintered and connected into a whole to obtain an anode assembly connected with the new anode carbon block;
(6) Hanging into a groove: and (3) after sintering and curing are finished, opening the heat insulation box, when the anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell needs to be replaced, hoisting the anode assembly which is sintered and cured into a whole and contains the bottom new anode carbon block in the step (5) by using an electrolysis workshop crane together with the aluminum guide rod out of the heat insulation box, hoisting the anode assembly into the position of the vacant anode in the aluminum electrolytic cell, fixing the height, and putting the anode assembly into the aluminum electrolytic cell by using a small box clamp for continuous reaction.
2. the off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: the anode comprises a prototype carbon block and a special-shaped carbon block; the old anode carbon block is a prototype carbon block, a bowl hole and a step are reserved at the top of the old anode carbon block, and a guide rod and a steel claw can be poured into molten iron in an aluminum electrolysis assembly workshop to form an integrated traditional anode carbon block; the new anode carbon block is a special-shaped carbon block, the top of the new anode carbon block is not provided with a bowl hole and a step, and the upper part of the new anode carbon block is provided with a relatively flat surface of a horizontal groove for increasing the sintering grip; the upper surface of the special-shaped carbon block is a flat plane which is not smooth, and in order to increase the sintering holding force and keep stable connection, the upper surface of the special-shaped carbon block is provided with longitudinal and transverse grooves with the depth of more than or equal to 0.5mm and the width of more than or equal to 0.5mm or patterns capable of increasing the surface roughness; to increase the sintering grip, it is also possible to perform grooving or roughening of the bottom surface of the prototype anode.
3. The off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 2, wherein: and after the special-shaped carbon block and the sintering and solidifying material layer are consumed, the prototype carbon block is repeatedly used for sintering and connecting a new special-shaped carbon block until the prototype carbon block is consumed to crack and loosen or the thickness of the prototype carbon block can damage the traditional steel claw and cannot continue to react, and the prototype carbon block is replaced according to the traditional anode scrap treatment process.
4. the off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the sintering and curing material is made of C, H, N, O element-containing organic substance and resin, the sintering and curing material has the characteristic of being capable of sintering and curing at the temperature of 150-900 ℃, and the conductivity, the bearing, the tensile strength, the compressive strength, the impurity content and the reaction activity of the sintering and curing material all meet the application performance requirements of the aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block.
5. The off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the sintering and solidifying material is sintered mainly by using the residual heat of the old anode carbon block which is taken out from the electrolytic bath and has a high temperature of more than or equal to 200 ℃, and when the residual heat of the old anode carbon block is not enough to complete the sintering and solidifying of the sintering and solidifying material, the sintering is completed by adopting a heating means.
6. The off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the height of the anode assembly can be adjusted according to the space of the aluminum electrolytic cell and the voltage drop of the electric conduction, the adjustment is realized by utilizing the prefabricated height of the new anode carbon block and the residual thickness of the old anode carbon block, and the adjustable range is 300-1000 mm.
7. the off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (5), the sintering and curing time is 1-36 h, and the waste heat temperature corresponding to the old anode carbon block is 900-150 ℃.
8. The off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: in step (6), the original carbon block connected with the guide rod steel claw according to the traditional anode structure is arranged below and between the upper and the newly-connected special-shaped carbon blocks to complete the anode assembly connected by sintering materials, and the anode assembly is placed beside the electrolytic cell and alternately filled in the anode vacancy of the electrolytic cell.
9. The off-line connection process of the prebaked anode of the aluminum electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: the sintering smoke discharging insulation box is a box-shaped device capable of realizing closed insulation and collecting smoke in an organized manner, is placed beside an aluminum electrolysis cell operation channel and can be shared by a plurality of electrolysis cells, one or more anode carbon blocks are arranged in the box-shaped device and used for storing and sintering stations, insulation materials are lined in the box body, a movable door or a cover plate facilitating the entrance and exit of an anode group with a guide rod is arranged on the side edge and the top of the box-shaped device, and the top or the side of the box-shaped device is connected with a smoke.
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