CN109112574A - A kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell - Google Patents
A kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN109112574A CN109112574A CN201811217284.4A CN201811217284A CN109112574A CN 109112574 A CN109112574 A CN 109112574A CN 201811217284 A CN201811217284 A CN 201811217284A CN 109112574 A CN109112574 A CN 109112574A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
- C25C3/12—Anodes
- C25C3/125—Anodes based on carbon
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell, newly, old anode utilizes dedicated agglomerated material and old anode waste heat, sintering curing is integrally formed in sintering smoke evacuation incubator outside electrolytic cell, the structure design of former electrolytic cell is not changed, the main technique operation of former electrolytic cell is not influenced, it is simple for structure, it is easy to operate, do not increase the improvement cost of former electrolytic cell.Including getting out new anode carbon block, in new anode carbon block upper surface coating sintering curing materials, old anode carbon block is hung out out of electrolytic cell to be placed on new anode carbon block, newly, old anode is integrally formed using old anode waste heat sintering curing, then is hung in slot and continued to participate in electrolysis as anode assemblies.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of aluminum electrolysis more particularly to a kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell.
Background technique
In modern aluminum electrolysis production technique, led using the anode carbon block for hanging on slot top and the cathode for being fixed on trench bottom
Logical heavy DC electricity, is aluminium oxide (Al to main component in slot2O3) electrolyte be electrolysed, oxygen atom and anode carbon block
Reaction generates CO2Fine aluminium melt is generated with the discharge of CO gas, slot bottom, completes the smelting of metallic aluminium.Prebaked anode is aluminium electroloysis institute
The important component of primary raw material and electrolytic cell, by multiple groups anode carbon block, anode conducting metallic rod or stick, lifting
Device and its attachment composition, are integrated between guide rod and casting steel claw by being welded to connect, raw by phosphorus between casting steel claw and carbon block
Iron casting is connected as one.
Existing aluminium cell is rectangle structure, and prebaked anode is located at the top close-packed arrays placed in the middle of electrolytic cell, sun
Pole carbon block is cubic shaped, hangs two rows of multiple groups anode carbon blocks on every electrolytic cell, anode carbon block leans on the anode of upper part
Guide rod is clipped on upper part of the electrolytic cell anode bus, and anode lower part is soaked in the electrolyte.In aluminum electrolysis, anode is played
Electric current is imported electrolytic cell and participates in the effect of redox reaction.Existing aluminum cell structure is as shown in Figure 2.
Prebaked anode is discontinuous work in a cell, and anode carbon block is constantly consumed because participating in redox reaction,
About daily consumption 10~20mm thickness, when carbon block it is thinning to a certain extent when, that is, when being thinned to 150mm or so, to avoid leading
Bar metal assembly contact electrolyte causes molten aluminum to pollute, it is necessary to replace anode carbon block, old anode carbon block group is hung out, with new
Anode carbon block replaces, and the carbon block of taking-up is known as anode scrap, and circulation, which substitutes, in this way ensures that aluminium cell smoothly produces.
Traditional aluminum electrolysis production technique that this every piece of pre-baked anode carbon blocks cannot all run out of has the disadvantage in that (1)
Anode carbon block cannot be entirely used for production consumption, and the anode for having about 15% or more is become anode scrap serious waste；(2) it is inhaled in anode scrap
Attached a large amount of electrolyte, main component are fluoride salts, and the anode scrap environmental pollution containing a large amount of fluoride salts influences serious；(3)
In actual production, when the excessively thin steel pawl of anode scrap is corroded by electrolyte, the ferro element at phosphorus pig iron casting can incorporate in molten aluminum, influence
Aluminium final product quality；(4) it after every piece of pre-baked anode carbon blocks consumption is at anode scrap, in order to reuse guide rod and steel pawl, requires band
The anode scrap group of guide rod is sent to that the phosphorus pig iron ring of anode assembling workshop removal anode scrap carbon block and former casting, casting connection is new again again
Potroom is returned after anode carbon block, causes that anode assembling shopwork amount is heavy, guide rod group occupies the huge (electrolysis plant of reserve level
General spare turnover guide rod quantity reaches the 40%~50% of slot guide rod quantity), freight volume in increase factory.
Currently, correlative study, the invention wound of anode scrap are not generated or generated less about anode in prd-baked Al electrolysis production process
Making has with technical literature, such as:
1, patent application CN201010181570.7 discloses a kind of pre-calcining electrolytic cell, does not need replacement anode carbon block
Anode scrap be clamped and connected with the boss on anode conducting clamping fixture and anode carbon block top, directly be depleted to compared with
The anode carbon block top of low clearance, it is carried out with new anode carbon block supplement increase and conduction load-bearing connect, make bottom anode charcoal
Block heightening its upper carbon block is connected together with bottom carbon block, is carried out the replacement of non-residual electrode anode carbon block to meet aluminium cell, is made pre-
Roasting anode electric-conducting device for aluminum electrolytic cell anode carbon block carries out mending the low technical matters scheme increased and be attached production.Its technical side
Case is: setting, which is configured with, on anode block can be used to carry out the operation that is clamped and connected with clamping fixture, and can be to bottom carbon block
Boss carries out the convex platform and concave groove that interspersed buckle-type increases connection, on electrolytic cell that the bottom for the anode block increased is recessed
Slot is interspersed to be fastened in the low anode carbon block upper boss increased, make up and down two anode carbon blocks constructions connect into a whole sun
Pole carbon block.Also disclose that " setting of the top of anode carbon block, which is configured with, both can carry out clamping company with anode conducting card clamping fixture
It connects, and the interspersed convex platform being fastened and connected can be carried out with anode carbon block lower concave slot is increased, the lower part of anode carbon block is provided with
The interspersed baltimore groove being fastened and connected can be carried out with upper boss ", " with anode conducting card clamping fixture and the boss on anode top into
Row be clamped and connected " etc. technical characteristics.The patent application uses the principle of on-line continuous anode, needs the electrolysis in conducting high current
On-line operation is carried out in slot, carries out interspersed new, the old anode that is fastened and connected, and sun using the boss and groove of anode top and the bottom
Pole carbon block needs to carry out tongue and groove platform processing, and each weight in one ton or so of new anode carbon block in narrow separation and pole
It is sent into electrolytic cell under high environment temperature, this needs related organization to operate, this just needs to be transformed upper part of the electrolytic cell conduction and load-bearing
Structure causes to be accustomed to traditional electrolyte technological operation have very big change, while also increasing the expense of aluminium cell transformation, increases
Production cost.
2, patent application CN201610269342.2 is disclosed and " is opened up the more function of second layer dislocation lap joint on anode carbon block
Energy hole slot, load-bearing conducting beam pass through the multi-functional hole slot of second layer dislocation lap joint, penetrate through anode carbon block and are connected and provoked, just
New anode carbon block is placed above the anode carbon block of electrolysis ", " the load-bearing conducting beam proposes extension lifting by joining solid cross-arm connection
Device proposes the load-bearing for hanging lifting device connection upper anode carbon block when the anode carbon block scaling loss of electrolysis is close to load-bearing conducting beam
Conducting beam, connection auxiliary is linked up on the load-bearing conducting beam of anode carbon block above at this time, and hook lower part insertion lower section will be assisted positive
In the multi-functional hole slot of second layer dislocation lap joint of pole carbon block " etc. technical characteristics.The patent application uses the original of on-line continuous anode
Reason, transformation and increase anode hooking structure in electrolytic cell, the hole-opening groove on anode carbon block, and in the height of conducting high current
On-line operation is carried out in warm electrolytic cell.
3, patent application CN201610784249.5, disclose " including continuous anode carbon block, anode carbon block positioning push system
System, continuous anode carbon block crawler type displacement system, sliding power supply system and intelligence control system ", " the anode carbon block list
Member is cuboid or cube structure, and upper surface is provided with clamping block, and lower surface is provided with card holding trough, upper and lower surfaces
It is sawtooth corrugation face；Be respectively arranged with slideway in one group of opposite of side, slideway two sides are the area that is connected ", " when the sun of work
When pole carbon block upper surface is displaced downwardly to support bracket fastened horizontal position, anode carbon block positions the mobile pushing hands in supplying system, by water
Spare anode carbon block on flat bracket pushes, and spare anode carbon block moves in the horizontal direction, is moved to anode carbon block positioning and pushes away
The position for sending postive stop baffle in system is mounted in continuous anode carbon block, to guarantee the continuity of anode carbon block " etc. technologies it is special
Sign.The patent application is that anode conveying push structure, the space limited to very much by electrolytic cell are transformed and increased in electrolytic cell
Device, the hole-opening groove on anode carbon block are set, and carry out on-line operation in the high temperature electrolyser of conducting high current.
4, patent application CN201510906478.5 discloses a kind of " aluminium electroloysis continuous anode electrolytic cell, comprising: be set to
Continuous anode component on electrolytic cell, continuous anode component include the anode metal shell of lower ending opening, are set to anode metal shell
The lower ending opening of anode metal shell is extended in intracorporal anode bodies, the lower end of anode bodies, and anode bodies extend anode metal
The side of shell is equipped with several electrode bars, and anode metal shell is equipped with the anode feed hole for filler particles mixed raw material,
The side of lower ending opening be additionally provided with for cutting anode bodies for decline anode bodies height several cutting assemblies ", " electrolytic cell
It is equipped with support plate, the support plate is equipped with multiple electrodes mounting groove and for the filling towards filling aluminium oxide in electrolytic cell
It is open, the multiple continuous anode components of installation, the side of the anode metal shell is respectively corresponded in multiple electrode fitting grooves
Be additionally provided with deck, the anode metal shell is sticked in the support plate via the deck " etc. technical characteristics.The patent Shen
Please devise a kind of new groove profile for being totally different from traditional electrolyte slot, be grasped online in the electrolytic cell of conducting high current
Make, a variety of anode-supported clamping mechanisms of setting in slot, but the technology cannot be changed completely using the electrolytic cell of traditional online production
Become traditional electrolyte technological operation habit, and is equally utilized in the principle of line continuous anode.
In addition, patent application CN201710088066.4 (method and structure of prebaked anode aluminium electroloysis on-line joining process anode,
Publication No. is CN106676580A) and document " continuous prebaked anode cell _ Shen Zhengang used for aluminium electrolysis " and " continuous carbon anode preparation
Technique " etc. the prior arts, respectively research disclose a variety of methods for not generating anode scrap, be substantially the on-line operation on electrolytic cell
Structure, technique and method, be based in electrolytic cell increase or change anode hoisting structure, anode carbon block is processed into various
The complicated shapes such as dovetail groove, jack, slot assist conveying using various mechanism arrangements and connect new anode.But practical electrolysis plant
In production technology, temperature reaches 900 DEG C or more in electrolytic cell, and anode surface and periphery are covered with thickness up to 500mm's or more
Electrolyte crust, gap is minimum (< 50mm) between each anode carbon block, and operating environment is severe, and each electrolytic cell periphery work is empty
Between it is narrow, electrolytic cell be connected for a long time hundreds of thousands of amperes heavy DC electricity, magnetic field it is strong, these published technologies are in structure
Material, practical safety operation etc. need to be transformed cell construction, anode carbon there is also more impassable bottleneck problem
Block conductive structure significantly alters traditional handicraft operating habit, there are also reasons such as the complex-shaped manufacture difficulties of pre-baked anode carbon blocks,
There is presently no be widely popularized and carried out effective industry widespread adoption.
In view of the prior art, not yet real practice is in production at present, and therefore, developing one kind, to be different from other public
Open inexpensive, the easy realization of technology, it is not necessary that existing electrolytic cell and any structure of potroom auxiliary multi-functional mechanical is transformed, need not
Significantly alter existing production operation habit, the small manufacture of anode carbon block shape change is easy and largely reduces anode scrap and generates, no
Must adverse circumstances are operated on electrolytic cell novel off-line type anode subsequent process it is especially urgent and important.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode for providing aluminium cell.This
Invention only needs to replace anode scrap on a small quantity in process of production, and a large amount of connect uses new anode, and without be transformed existing electrolytic cell and
Any structure of potroom auxiliary multi-functional mechanical, existing production operation habit need not be significantly alterred, anode carbon block shape changes
It moves small manufacture to be easy, adverse circumstances need not be operated on electrolytic cell, so that aluminum electrolysis anodic carbon block to the greatest extent may be used
It can consume, largely reduce anode scrap generation, solve existing aluminum electrolysis process and generate a large amount of anode scraps, because of the fluorine-containing electrolyte carry of anode scrap institute
Come Heavy environmental pollution, anode assembling shopwork it is heavy, turnover guide rod group occupy substantial contribution the problems such as.
Offline handshaking procedure of the invention are as follows: traditional prototype anode is general after being hung out electrolytic cell, and there are also 500 DEG C or more
High temperature, make prototype anode using the waste heat of prototype anode and be sintered with the new anode for being coated with agglomerated material, naturally often
When warm environment mesarcs anode cools down too fast waste heat waste wretched insufficiency to form sintering reaction, deposited using sintering smoke evacuation incubator
It puts new anode, be sintered in sintering smoke evacuation incubator, meet waste heat supply temperature and the duration of fully sintered needs, reach
The fully sintered effect for whole anode assemblies；It is sintered in sintering smoke evacuation incubator, the flue dust generated can also be avoided without group
Knit discharge, pollution workshop condition；The structure design for not changing former electrolytic cell does not influence the main technique operation of former electrolytic cell, knot
Structure is succinct, easy to operate, does not increase the improvement cost of former electrolytic cell.
In order to reach purpose described above, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell, comprising the following steps:
(1) new anode carbon block is got out: in the sintering smoke evacuation incubator that new anode carbon block is placed on beside aluminium cell,
The upper surface coating sintering curing materials of new anode carbon block form the sintering curing material layer of the smooth complete upper surface of covering,
Obtain new anode carbon block；
(2) it hangs out old anode carbon block: according to the needs of aluminium cell technological operation, being chosen in the online anode of aluminium cell
Being depleted to residual thickness is the old anode carbon block of 150mm~500mm, changes anodic process by tradition, first opens slot cover, takes off material and crust
Opening, then unclamp small box fastener, by crown blocks in electrolysis shop by aluminum guide and below the old anode carbon block of securing high temperature
Aluminium cell is removed together；
(3) old anode carbon block inspection and bottom surface processing: the electrolysis procedure work in potroom is the step of overhead traveling crane is hung out (2)
Old anode carbon block when not putting down also, in the case where keeping safe distance, visually inspect from the side old anode carbon block bottom surface it is whether smooth,
Whether carbon block has crackle, carbon block thickness, and whether enough, bottom surface has bonding impurity, judges whether old anode carbon block can weigh
It is multiple to utilize；
(4) new, old anode contraposition assembling: with crown blocks in electrolysis shop by the old sun of high temperature that can be reused of step (3)
Pole carbon block hang in sintering smoke evacuation incubator in, by old anode carbon block alignment be stacked and placed on the ready new anode carbon block of step (1) it
On, the sintering curing material of step (1) coating is accompanied between new, old anode, new, old anode is using in sintering smoke evacuation incubator
Guiding device consistency from top to bottom position is aligned, old anode carbon block is since the gravity of itself and guide rod group is to sintering curing material natural shape
At pressure；
(5) sintering curing: after new, old anode carbon block assembles, incubator being sealed, and is covered thermal insulation material, is utilized height
The waste heat of the old anode carbon block of temperature allows the sintering curing material being clipped between new, old anode to be sintered solidification, makes new, old anode carbon
Block sintering is connected to become an entirety, obtains the anode assemblies for connecting new anode carbon block；
(6) it hangs in slot: after the completion of sintering curing, opening incubator, when electrolytic cell needs replacing anode, with electrolysis vehicle
Between overhead traveling crane by step (5) sintering curing at the new anode carbon block containing bottom of an entirety anode assemblies together with aluminum guide one lift by crane
Out incubator, hang in the position of vacancy anode in aluminium cell, anode assemblies are put into aluminium electricity using small box clamp by fixed height
The reaction was continued in solution slot.
All online anodes can recycle according to above-mentioned steps (1)~(6) and be connected new anode carbon offline in electrolytic cell
Block continues to use old anode carbon block, and when needing replacing anode, recycling replacing is used in traditional aluminum electrolysis process.In step
(4), old anode carbon block is hung in sintering smoke evacuation incubator after the upper surface of ready new anode carbon block group, and new, old anode utilizes
Sintering smoke evacuation incubator in contraposition guiding device consistency from top to bottom position, confirm old anode carbon block with it is right above and below new anode carbon block group
Behind neat position, old anode carbon block is vertically aligned to the upper surface for being superimposed upon new anode carbon block group；In step (5), the anode unit
Part meets aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block application performance requirement in conduction, load-bearing, anti-folding and anti-pressing tension, the performance of reactivity.
Further, the anode has prototype carbon block and two kinds of special-shape carbon block；The old anode carbon block is prototype carbon block, is
There are bowl hole and halfpaces at top, can pour guide rod steel claw in aluminium electroloysis composing room progress molten iron and form integrated conventional anode
Carbon block；The new anode carbon block is special-shape carbon block, and no longer there are bowl hole and halfpace at the top of the new anode carbon block, top is to increase to burn
Knot grasping force and be provided with the relatively flat surface of level trough；The special-shape carbon block upper surface is more smooth but rough plane, is
Increase sintering grasping force, keep stable connection, which is provided with depth >=0.5mm, width >=0.5mm in length and breadth
Groove or the decorative pattern that concave-convex surface degree can be increased；For increase be sintered grasping force, additionally it is possible to by the bottom surface to prototype anode into
Row fluting or hair pulling treatment.
Further, the prototype carbon block is completed to hang to return in electrolytic cell after being integrated with special-shape carbon block sintering to continue to participate in
Reaction reuses prototype carbon block and repeats new different of sintering connection after special-shape carbon block and sintering curing material layer run out of
Type carbon block, until be depleted to prototype carbon block crackle loosened or its thickness may damage traditional steel pawl and can not the reaction was continued
When, then prototype carbon block is replaced by traditional novel residual anode processing technique.
Further, in step (1), the sintering curing material is by the organic substance containing C, H, N, O element, resin system
At, the sintering curing material have can in 150 DEG C~900 DEG C temperature environments sintering curing characteristic, after being sintered solidification
Meet aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block application in terms of its electric conductivity, load-bearing, tension bending and compressive strength, impurity content, reactivity
Performance requirement.
Further, in step (5), the sintering curing material, mainly utilize taken out from electrolytic cell >=200 DEG C
The old anode carbon block of high temperature waste heat complete sintering, when the residual temperature of old anode carbon block be not enough to by sintering curing material complete be sintered
When solidification, assist completing sintering using heating means.
Further, in step (5), the height of the anode assemblies can according to aluminium cell space, conductive pressure drop into
Row adjustment realizes adjustment, the range that can be adjusted using the prefabricated height of new anode carbon block and the residual thickness of old anode carbon block
For 300~1000mm.
Further, in step (5), the time of the sintering curing is 1~36h, the waste heat temperature of corresponding old anode carbon block
Degree is 900~150 DEG C.
Further, in step (6), according to the prototype carbon block of conventional anode structure connection guide steel pawl in upper, new connecting
Special-shape carbon block under, it is intermediate the anode assemblies that sintering connects are completed by agglomerated material, be placed in by electrolytic cell, rotation is filled up
On anode electrolytic cell vacancy.
Further, the sintering smoke evacuation incubator is to be able to achieve sealed thermal insulating and the organized box dress for collecting flue gas
It sets, is placed on aluminium cell operation path side, can be shared for more electrolytic cells, be internally provided with one or more anodes
The work that carbon block storage and sintering station, cabinet inner lining as thermal insulation material, side and top are provided with convenient for the anode unit disengaging with guide rod
Dynamic door or cover board, top or side are connected with discharge flue.
The application technique does not change the structure design of primary aluminum electrolytic cell, does not influence the main technique operation of primary aluminum electrolytic cell,
It is simple for structure, it is easy to operate, do not increase the improvement cost of primary aluminum electrolytic cell.The offline subsequent process of the application and other are inscribed in slot
Continuous anodic process operation is different, is not operated in aluminium cell, but leave production line and operated, therefore be known as offline
Technique.
In old anode inspection and bottom surface processing step, when judging that old anode can reuse, into next step,
If placing it in anode scrap pallet by original change poles technique, being handled by traditional handicraft when the not reproducible utilization of old anode；When old
For anode carbon block only because bottom surface is contained impurity and cannot be reused, staff can clean up old sun with long rod tool
Pole bottom surface impurity, can reuse.
In the offline handshaking procedure of the application, generally there are also 500 DEG C or more after being hung out electrolytic cell for traditional prototype anode
High temperature makes prototype anode using the waste heat of prototype anode and is sintered with the new anode for being coated with agglomerated material, in natural room temperature
When environment mesarcs anode carbon block cools down too fast waste heat waste wretched insufficiency to form sintering reaction, using sintering smoke evacuation incubator
It stores new anode, be sintered in sintering smoke evacuation incubator, meet waste heat supply temperature and the duration of fully sintered needs, reach
To the fully sintered effect for whole anode assemblies；Sintering smoke evacuation incubator in be sintered, can also avoid generate flue dust without
Tissue discharge, pollution workshop condition；The structure design for not changing former electrolytic cell does not influence the main technique operation of former electrolytic cell,
It is simple for structure, it is easy to operate, do not increase the improvement cost of former electrolytic cell.
Since present invention employs above technical schemes, have the advantages that
(1) for producing 500000 tons of electrolysis plant per year by existing aluminum electrolysis process, traditional handicraft will consume 250,000 tons of sun every year
Pole generates about 40,000 tons of anode scraps, and new anode price takes out price according to 1500 metaevaluation per ton, often according to 4000 yuan per ton, anode scrap
Up to 100,000,000 yuan of year waste anode scrap value.Primary new anode carbon block is connected using the technology of the present invention is every, just reduces the anode scrap of half
Amount, by actual production practice test, average every piece of prototype anode can connect 3 times or more new anode carbon blocks, compare traditional handicraft
80% or more anode scrap amount is reduced, the anode carbon block expense saved every year is up to 80,000,000 yuan or more.
(2) for producing 500000 tons of electrolysis plant per year by existing aluminum electrolysis process, anode rod group is in slot number about 20000
Part, anode assembling process have enough to meet the need guide rod group about 8000, and every guide rod is worth 5000 yuan.It is connected once using the technology of the present invention is every
New anode carbon block just reduces the turnover guide rod group quantity of half, by actual production practice test, average every piece of prototype anode energy
Enough connecting 3 times or more new anode carbon blocks, reduce turnover guide rod group about 6000 than traditional handicraft, the guide rod group expense of saving is up to
30000000 yuan or more.
(3) for producing 500000 tons of electrolysis plant per year by existing aluminum electrolysis process, the annual 3 classes of break tours in anode assembling workshop are raw
It produces, it is more than 150 people of shop worker's quantity, complete about 40,000,000 yuan of operation and maintenance cost of workshop year.It is residual after the technology of the present invention
Pole treating capacity is only within original 20%, and the workload in anode assembling workshop also reduces within original 20%, operation and maintenance
Expense saves 30,000,000 yuan or more every year.
(4) present invention need to only replace anode scrap on a small quantity in process of production, and as much as possible connect uses anode, offline to connect
Process is kept the temperature using incubator, smoke evacuation is gathered dust in a organized way, while sintering curing material can be allowed to make full use of old anode carbon block
Waste heat be sintered solidification, offline handshaking procedure: there are also 500 DEG C or more of height after being hung out electrolytic cell for traditional prototype anode
Temperature makes prototype anode using the waste heat of prototype anode and is sintered with the new anode for being coated with agglomerated material, in natural room temperature ring
Mesarcs anode cooling in border is too fast, when waste heat wastes wretched insufficiency to form sintering reaction, stores new anode using incubator,
It is sintered in incubator, meets waste heat supply temperature and the duration of fully sintered needs, reach fully sintered for whole anode
The effect of component.
(5) the application does not change the connection type of traditional aluminum guide and anode carbon block, it is not necessary that existing electrolytic cell and electricity is transformed
It solves workshop and assists any structure of multi-functional mechanical, it is not necessary to significantly alter existing production operation step, the change of anode carbon block shape
Small manufacture is easy, it is not necessary to which adverse circumstances work on electrolytic cell, do not change the structure design of former electrolytic cell, do not influence former electricity
The main technique operation of slot is solved, it is simple for structure, it is easy to operate, reduce the improvement cost of former electrolytic cell.
(6) using sintering curing material, by new and old anode, sintering curing under the action of carbon block waste heat is one whole to the present invention
Body increases sintering smoke evacuation incubator if necessary according to the actual situation, such as reduces appropriate to the occasion increase in northern aluminium manufacturer's winter temperature,
Southern aluminium manufacturer's environment temperature can not use incubator when generally higher.
(7) the application sintering curing material is made of the organic substance containing C, H, N, O element, resin, manufacturing cost with
Prebaked anode cost is close, equally can be used as the redox reaction that anode participates in aluminium electroloysis, does not pollute molten aluminum, do not increase pollution
Object discharge does not increase electrolytic aluminium factory production cost.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate more clearly of present example or technical solution in the prior art, to embodiment or will show below
There is in technical description required attached drawing do simply to introduce, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only the present invention
Some examples to those skilled in the art, can also be attached according to these under the premise of not paying creativeness
Figure obtains other attached drawings:
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram when the old anode carbon block sintering of the application technique connects new anode carbon block；
Fig. 2 is prior art aluminium cell schematic diagram described in background technique.
Specific embodiment
The mode of a specific embodiment of the invention implementation example is described in further detail below, but the present invention
These embodiments are not limited to, any improvement or replacement on the present embodiment essence spirit still falls within right of the present invention and want
Seek range claimed.
Embodiment 1
Be 500,000 tons of electrolytic aluminium factory in the annual capacity that one normally produces, using it is of the invention " a kind of aluminium cell
The offline subsequent process of prebaked anode " technology operates according to the following steps:
(1) it gets out new anode carbon block: the sintering beside aluminium cell will be placed on a thickness of the new anode carbon block of 400mm and arranged
In cigarette incubator, in the upper surface coating sintering curing materials of new anode carbon block, the burning of the smooth complete upper surface of covering is formed
Tie curing material layer, layer thickness about 5mm；
(2) it hangs out old anode carbon block: choosing one in the online anode of aluminium cell and be depleted to residual thickness about 300mm's
Old anode, technique when changing anode according to tradition is by opening slot cover, taking off material and crust opening, unclamp small box fastener, pass through electricity
By aluminum guide and below, the old anode carbon block of securing high temperature removes aluminium cell to solution workshop overhead traveling crane together；
(3) old anode inspection and bottom surface processing: electrolysis procedure work when crown blocks in electrolysis shop hangs out old anode and does not put down also,
Keeping safe distance to visually inspect from the side, smooth old anode bottom surface, carbon block flawless, carbon block thickness is suitable, bottom surface is with few
Amount bonding impurity, judges that old anode carbon block can reuse and clean up old anode bottom surface impurity with long rod tool；Operative employee
With old about 700 DEG C of charcoal deblocking temperature of infrared temperature-measuring gun detection；
(4) the old anode carbon block of high temperature new, old anode contraposition assembling: is hung in into sintering smoke evacuation incubator with crown blocks in electrolysis shop
In, old anode carbon block is stacked and placed on upper surface and has been had been coated on the new anode carbon block of agglomerated material；Newly, old anode consistency from top to bottom
Position；Old anode is because of the weight of itself carbon block and guide rod group to sintering curing material layer self-assembling formation pressure；
(5) sintering curing: after new, old anode unit installs, incubator being sealed, and utilizes the old anode of about 700 DEG C of high temperature
The waste heat of carbon block allows the sintering curing material being clipped between new, old anode to be sintered solidification, sintering time about 3 hours, make it is new,
Old anode carbon block sintering is connected to become the entirety with a thickness of 705mm, and the anode assemblies that acquisition continues new anode carbon block wait for
With；
(6) it hangs in slot: with crown blocks in electrolysis shop that sintering curing is whole at one when electrolytic cell needs replacing anode
The anode assemblies of the new anode carbon block containing bottom of body hang out incubator together with aluminum guide, hang in vacancy anode in aluminium cell
Position, anode assemblies are put into aluminium cell that the reaction was continued using small box clamp by fixed height.
(7) equal in slot work, bottom new anode carbon block and agglomerated material layer by 25 days to the embodiment anode assemblies
After ruing out of, and new anode is connected according to above-mentioned steps (1)~(6) cycle sintering, form new anode assemblies, in electrolysis work
Recycling replacing uses in skill.The component is total to cycle sintering and has used 5 times, until the old anode carbon block connecting with guide rod steel claw is thinning
After there was only 150mm to thickness, send as anode scrap to anode composing room and handle.
The present embodiment and the single anode change process ration of original tradition: traditional single anode thickness 650mm, consumption 500mm
The anode scrap of residue 150mm thickness afterwards send to anode composing room and handles, and the practical waste rate of anode scrap is 23%；Using skill of the present invention
New special-shaped anode carbon block postoperative, that traditional prototype anode carbon block thickness 650mm, connecting have used 5 pieces of 400mm thick, consumes altogether
The anode scrap of the anode carbon block of 5x400mm+5x5mm+500mm=2525mm thickness, residue 150mm thickness, the practical waste rate of anode scrap
Only 5.6%, do not increase and be transformed any mechanism arrangement of electrolytic cell, do not increase production cost, do not change electrolytic cell tradition behaviour
Under conditions of work is accustomed to, anode carbon block utilization rate improves 17.4 percentage points, and the operating load rate in anode assembling workshop
It is reduced to a quarter of former traditional handicraft.
Embodiment 2
Be 500,000 tons of electrolytic aluminium factory in the annual capacity that one normally produces, using it is of the invention " a kind of aluminium cell
The offline subsequent process of prebaked anode " technology operates according to the following steps:
(1) it gets out new anode carbon block: the sintering beside aluminium cell will be placed on a thickness of the new anode carbon block of 450mm and arranged
In cigarette incubator, in the upper surface coating sintering curing materials of new anode carbon block, the burning of the smooth complete upper surface of covering is formed
Tie curing material layer, layer thickness about 8mm；
(2) it hangs out old anode carbon block: choosing one in the online anode of aluminium cell and be depleted to residual thickness about 250mm's
Old anode, technique when changing anode according to tradition is by opening slot cover, taking off material and crust opening, unclamp small box fastener, pass through electricity
By aluminum guide and below, the old anode carbon block of securing high temperature removes aluminium cell to solution workshop overhead traveling crane together；
(3) old anode inspection and bottom surface processing: electrolysis procedure work when crown blocks in electrolysis shop hangs out old anode and does not put down also,
Keeping safe distance to visually inspect from the side, smooth old anode bottom surface, carbon block flawless, carbon block thickness is suitable, bottom surface is with few
Amount bonding impurity, judges that old anode carbon block can reuse and clean up old anode bottom surface impurity with long rod tool；Operative employee
With old about 600 DEG C of charcoal deblocking temperature of infrared temperature-measuring gun detection；
(4) the old anode carbon block of high temperature new, old anode contraposition assembling: is hung in into sintering smoke evacuation incubator with crown blocks in electrolysis shop
In, old anode carbon block is stacked and placed on upper surface and has been had been coated on the new anode carbon block of agglomerated material；Newly, old anode consistency from top to bottom
Position；Old anode is because of the weight of itself carbon block and guide rod group to sintering curing material layer self-assembling formation pressure；
(5) sintering curing: after new, old anode unit installs, incubator being sealed, and utilizes the old anode of about 600 DEG C of high temperature
The waste heat of carbon block allows the sintering curing material being clipped between new, old anode to be sintered solidification, sintering time about 4.5 hours, makes
Newly, old anode carbon block sintering is connected to become the entirety with a thickness of 708mm, obtains the anode assemblies for continuing new anode carbon block
For use；
(6) it hangs in slot: with crown blocks in electrolysis shop that sintering curing is whole at one when electrolytic cell needs replacing anode
The anode assemblies of the new anode carbon block containing bottom of body hang out incubator together with aluminum guide, hang in vacancy anode in aluminium cell
Position, anode assemblies are put into aluminium cell that the reaction was continued using small box clamp by fixed height.
(7) equal in slot work, bottom new anode carbon block and agglomerated material layer by 29 days to the embodiment anode assemblies
After ruing out of, and new anode is connected according to above-mentioned steps (1)~(6) cycle sintering, form new anode assemblies, in electrolysis work
Recycling replacing uses in skill.The component is total to cycle sintering and has used 4 times, until the old anode carbon block connecting with guide rod steel claw is thinning
After there was only 140mm to thickness, send as anode scrap to anode composing room and handle.
The present embodiment and the single anode change process ration of original tradition: traditional single anode thickness 650mm, consumption 510mm
The anode scrap of residue 140mm thickness afterwards send to anode composing room and handles, and the practical waste rate of anode scrap is 21.5%；Using the present invention
After technology, the new special-shaped anode carbon block that traditional prototype anode carbon block thickness 650mm, connecting have used 4 pieces of 450mm thick consumes altogether
The anode scrap of the anode carbon block of 4x450mm+4x8mm+510mm=2342mm thickness, residue 140mm thickness, the practical waste rate of anode scrap
Only 5.7%, do not increase and be transformed any mechanism arrangement of electrolytic cell, do not increase production cost, do not change electrolytic cell tradition behaviour
Under conditions of work is accustomed to, anode carbon block utilization rate improves 15.8 percentage points, and the operating load rate in anode assembling workshop
It is reduced to a quarter of former traditional handicraft.
Embodiment 3
Be 500,000 tons of electrolytic aluminium factory in the annual capacity that one normally produces, using it is of the invention " a kind of aluminium cell
The offline subsequent process of prebaked anode " technology operates according to the following steps:
(1) it gets out new anode carbon block: the sintering beside aluminium cell will be placed on a thickness of the new anode carbon block of 350mm and arranged
In cigarette incubator, in the upper surface coating sintering curing materials of new anode carbon block, the burning of the smooth complete upper surface of covering is formed
Tie curing material layer, layer thickness about 5mm；
(2) it hangs out old anode carbon block: choosing one in the online anode of aluminium cell and be depleted to residual thickness about 350mm's
Old anode, technique when changing anode according to tradition is by opening slot cover, taking off material and crust opening, unclamp small box fastener, pass through electricity
By aluminum guide and below, the old anode carbon block of securing high temperature removes aluminium cell to solution workshop overhead traveling crane together；
(3) old anode inspection and bottom surface processing: electrolysis procedure work when crown blocks in electrolysis shop hangs out old anode and does not put down also,
Keeping safe distance to visually inspect from the side, smooth old anode bottom surface, carbon block flawless, carbon block thickness is suitable, bottom surface is with few
Amount bonding impurity, judges that old anode carbon block can reuse and clean up old anode bottom surface impurity with long rod tool；Operative employee
With old about 800 DEG C of charcoal deblocking temperature of infrared temperature-measuring gun detection；
(4) the old anode carbon block of high temperature new, old anode contraposition assembling: is hung in into sintering smoke evacuation incubator with crown blocks in electrolysis shop
In, old anode carbon block is stacked and placed on upper surface and has been had been coated on the new anode carbon block of agglomerated material；Newly, old anode consistency from top to bottom
Position；Old anode is because of the weight of itself carbon block and guide rod group to sintering curing material layer self-assembling formation pressure；
(5) sintering curing: after new, old anode unit installs, incubator being sealed, and utilizes the old anode of about 800 DEG C of high temperature
The waste heat of carbon block allows the sintering curing material being clipped between new, old anode to be sintered solidification, sintering time about 2.5 hours, makes
Newly, old anode carbon block sintering is connected to become the entirety with a thickness of 705mm, obtains the anode assemblies for continuing new anode carbon block
For use；
(6) it hangs in slot: with crown blocks in electrolysis shop that sintering curing is whole at one when electrolytic cell needs replacing anode
The anode assemblies of the new anode carbon block containing bottom of body hang out incubator together with aluminum guide, hang in vacancy anode in aluminium cell
Position, anode assemblies are put into aluminium cell that the reaction was continued using small box clamp by fixed height.
(7) it was run out of in slot work, bottom new anode carbon block and agglomerated material layer by 22 days to anode assemblies
Afterwards, and according to above-mentioned steps (1)~(6) cycle sintering new anode is connected, forms new anode assemblies, is recycled in electrolysis process
Replacement uses.The component is total to cycle sintering and has used 6 times, until the old anode carbon block connecting with guide rod steel claw is thinned to thickness only
After having 150mm, send as anode scrap to anode composing room and handle.
The present embodiment and the single anode change process ration of original tradition: traditional single anode thickness 650mm, consumption 500mm
The anode scrap of residue 150mm thickness afterwards send to anode composing room and handles, and the practical waste rate of anode scrap is 23%；Using skill of the present invention
New special-shaped anode carbon block postoperative, that traditional prototype anode carbon block thickness 650mm, connecting have used 6 pieces of 350mm thick, consumes altogether
The anode scrap of the anode carbon block of 6x350mm+6x5mm+500mm=2630mm thickness, residue 150mm thickness, the practical waste rate of anode scrap
Only 5.4%, do not increase and be transformed any mechanism arrangement of electrolytic cell, do not increase production cost, do not change electrolytic cell tradition behaviour
Under conditions of work is accustomed to, anode carbon block utilization rate improves 17.6 percentage points, and the operating load rate in anode assembling workshop
It is reduced to a quarter of former traditional handicraft.
The present invention is acted on all published other to be needed to be transformed cell construction, needs be electrolysed in similar technology
Slot association position increases various mechanism arrangements, needs to change the block-shaped increase anode carbon block manufacture difficulty of charcoal, is substantially online
, there is difference substantially in the features such as jointed anode.
Present invention sintering connection offline outside electrolytic cell using the waste heat of old carbon block, existing electrolytic cell and electrolysis vehicle are not transformed
Between any structure of auxiliary multi-functional mechanical, do not change existing production operation habit, the small manufacture of anode carbon block shape change is easy, no
It adverse circumstances must be operated on electrolytic cell, disclosed by the invention is a kind of completely new innovation for being totally different from conventional art
Technique.
In conclusion the present invention is without being transformed existing electrolytic cell and any structure of potroom auxiliary multi-functional mechanical, no
Must significantly alter existing production operation habit, anode carbon block shape change it is small manufacture be easy, need not on electrolytic cell severe ring
Border is operated, and only needs to replace anode scrap on a small quantity in process of production, and a large amount of connect uses new anode, so that aluminum electrolysis process
Anodic carbon block consumes as far as possible, and anode scrap generation is greatly decreased, and solves existing aluminum electrolysis process and generates a large amount of anode scraps, because of anode scrap
The Heavy environmental pollution that comes of fluorine-containing electrolyte carry, anode assembling shopwork be heavy, turnover guide rod group occupies substantial contribution etc.
Problem.Offline handshaking procedure of the invention are as follows: traditional prototype anode after being hung out electrolytic cell there are also 500 DEG C or more of high temperature,
Make prototype anode using the waste heat of prototype anode to be sintered with the new anode for being coated with agglomerated material, in natural normal temperature environment
When prototype anode cools down too fast waste heat waste wretched insufficiency to form sintering reaction, using the new sun of sintering smoke evacuation incubator storage
Pole is sintered in sintering smoke evacuation incubator, is met waste heat supply temperature and the duration of fully sintered needs, is reached complete burning
Become the effect of whole anode assemblies；Sintering smoke evacuation incubator in be sintered, can also avoid generate flue dust uncontrollable discharge,
Pollute workshop condition；The structure design for not changing former electrolytic cell does not influence the main technique operation of former electrolytic cell, simple for structure,
It is easy to operate, do not increase the improvement cost of former electrolytic cell.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in other specific forms.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended
Claim rather than above description limit, it is intended that the institute that will be fallen within the meaning and scope of the equivalent elements of the claims
It changes and includes within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of offline subsequent process of the prebaked anode of aluminium cell, which comprises the following steps:
(1) new anode carbon block is got out: in the sintering smoke evacuation incubator that new anode carbon block is placed on beside aluminium cell, in new sun
The upper surface coating sintering curing materials of pole carbon block form the sintering curing material layer of the smooth complete upper surface of covering, obtain
New anode carbon block；
(2) it hangs out old anode carbon block: according to the needs of aluminium cell technological operation, consumption is chosen in the online anode of aluminium cell
It is the old anode carbon block of 150mm~500mm to residual thickness, changes anodic process by tradition, first opens slot cover, takes off material and crust is opened
Mouthful, then unclamp small box fastener, by crown blocks in electrolysis shop by aluminum guide and below the old anode carbon block one of securing high temperature
Play removal aluminium cell；
(3) old anode carbon block inspection and bottom surface processing: electrolysis procedure work in potroom the step of overhead traveling crane is hung out (2) it is old
When anode carbon block is not put down also, in the case where keeping safe distance, visually inspect whether old anode carbon block bottom surface smooth, carbon block from the side
Whether having crackle, carbon block thickness, whether enough, bottom surface has bonding impurity, judges whether old anode carbon block can repeat benefit
With；
(4) new, old anode contraposition assembling: with crown blocks in electrolysis shop by the old anode carbon of high temperature that can be reused of step (3)
Block is hung in sintering smoke evacuation incubator, and the alignment of old anode carbon block is stacked and placed on the ready new anode carbon block of step (1),
Newly, the sintering curing material of step (1) coating is accompanied between old anode, new, old anode utilizes pair in sintering smoke evacuation incubator
Position guiding device consistency from top to bottom position, old anode carbon block is since the gravity of itself and guide rod group is to sintering curing material self-assembling formation
Pressure；
(5) sintering curing: after new, old anode carbon block assembles, incubator being sealed, and covers thermal insulation material, old using high temperature
The waste heat of anode carbon block allows the sintering curing material being clipped between new, old anode to be sintered solidification, burns new, old anode carbon block
Knot is connected to become an entirety, obtains the anode assemblies for connecting new anode carbon block；
(6) it hangs in slot: after the completion of sintering curing, incubator is opened, when electrolytic cell needs replacing anode, with potroom day
Step (5) sintering curing is hung out guarantor together with aluminum guide at the anode assemblies of the new anode carbon block containing bottom of an entirety by vehicle
Anode assemblies are put into aluminium cell using small box clamp by incubator, the position for hanging in vacancy anode in aluminium cell, fixed height
It is interior that the reaction was continued.
2. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the sun
There are prototype carbon block and two kinds of special-shape carbon block in pole；The old anode carbon block is prototype carbon block, is top there are bowl hole and halfpace, can
Guide rod steel claw, which is poured, in aluminium electroloysis composing room progress molten iron forms integrated conventional anode carbon block；The new anode carbon block is different
Type carbon block, no longer there are bowl hole and halfpace, top is to increase sintering grasping force and be provided with level trough at new anode carbon block top
Compared with flat surface；The special-shape carbon block upper surface is more smooth but rough plane, to increase sintering grasping force, keeping connection
Stablize, which, which is provided with depth >=0.5mm, width >=0.5mm, groove or can increase concave-convex surface in length and breadth
The decorative pattern of degree；Grasping force is sintered to increase, additionally it is possible to which fluting or hair pulling treatment are carried out by the bottom surface to prototype anode.
3. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the original
Type carbon block is completed to hang to return to continue to participate in electrolytic cell after being integrated with special-shape carbon block sintering to react, when special-shape carbon block and sintering are solid
After change material layer runs out of, reuses prototype carbon block and repeat the new special-shape carbon block of sintering connection, until being depleted to prototype charcoal
Crackle has loosened block or its thickness may damage traditional steel pawl and can not be when the reaction was continued, then prototype carbon block is pressed traditional anode scrap
Treatment process is replaced.
4. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(1), the sintering curing material is made of the organic substance containing C, H, N, O element, resin, which has energy
It is anti-to be sintered its electric conductivity after solidification, the anti-folding of load-bearing, tension for the characteristic of sintering curing in 150 DEG C~900 DEG C temperature environments
Meet aluminum electrolysis anode carbon block application performance requirement in terms of Compressive Strength, impurity content, reactivity.
5. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(5), the sintering curing material, mainly utilize taken out from electrolytic cell >=waste heat of 200 DEG C of the old anode carbon block of high temperature
Sintering is completed, it is auxiliary using heating means when the residual temperature of old anode carbon block is not enough to sintering curing material completing sintering curing
Completion is helped to be sintered.
6. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(5), the height of the anode assemblies can be adjusted according to aluminium cell space, conductive pressure drop, utilize new anode carbon block
Prefabricated height and the residual thickness of old anode carbon block realize adjustment, and the range that can be adjusted is 300~1000mm.
7. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(5), the time of the sintering curing is 1~36h, and the waste heat supply temperature of corresponding old anode carbon block is 900~150 DEG C.
8. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: in step
(6), according to the prototype carbon block of conventional anode structure connection guide steel pawl special-shape carbon block that is upper, newly connecting under, centre passes through
Agglomerated material completes the anode assemblies of sintering connection, is placed in by electrolytic cell, rotation is filled up on anode electrolytic cell vacancy.
9. a kind of offline subsequent process of prebaked anode of aluminium cell according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the burning
Knot smoke evacuation incubator is to be able to achieve sealed thermal insulating and the organized box-type device for collecting flue gas, and it is logical to be placed on aluminium cell operation
Roadside can be shared for more electrolytic cells, be internally provided with one or more anode carbon block storages and be sintered station, in cabinet
Serve as a contrast thermal insulation material, the dodge gate or cover board that side and top are provided with convenient for the anode unit disengaging with guide rod, top or side connection
There is discharge flue.
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