CN106400053A - Integrally-formed aluminum electrolytic cell based on cathode inner liner and integral forming method thereof - Google Patents
Integrally-formed aluminum electrolytic cell based on cathode inner liner and integral forming method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106400053A CN106400053A CN201610456037.4A CN201610456037A CN106400053A CN 106400053 A CN106400053 A CN 106400053A CN 201610456037 A CN201610456037 A CN 201610456037A CN 106400053 A CN106400053 A CN 106400053A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/08—Cell construction, e.g. bottoms, walls, cathodes
Abstract
The invention discloses an integrally-formed aluminum electrolytic cell based on a cathode inner liner and an integral forming method thereof. The electrolytic cell structurally comprises an anode (1), an upper structure (2) and a lifting mechanism (3), wherein a cell inner liner is arranged at the lower part of the anode (1); a cradle frame and a cell casing (4) are arranged on the outer side face of the cell inner liner; side inner liner structures (6), a bottom cathode (7), a cathode steel bar (8) and a bottom inner liner structure (5) are arranged in the cell inner liner; the side inner liner structures (6) and a cathode carbon block (7) respectively adopt non-conducting silicon carbide paste based on cold ramming paste and conductive carbon paste based on the cold ramming paste; and when the electrolytic cell is subjected to furnace construction, integral rolling and forming and electrolytic roasting sintering are performed. According to the scheme provided by the invention, horizontal current in molten aluminum is reduced, and the fluctuation of the molten aluminum is reduced; and meanwhile, the path through which the molten aluminum possibly seeps out of the electrolytic cell is also lengthened, and the risk of furnace leakage is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of aluminum electrolysis is and in particular to a kind of aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation and its integral forming method.
Background technology
Traditional aluminium electrolytic cell cathode lays bottom of electrolytic tank negative electrode in trench bottom by the way of prefabricated negative electrode, lays sidepiece burner hearth using side wall carbon block, realizes electrolytic cell brickwork.But this kind of mode has the following disadvantages：1）Prick connecting between the prefabricated cathode carbon pieces of polylith and its carbon block solid thickener, the side wall carbon block of unlike material with prefabricated negative electrode and its solid thickener of bundle of being connected to each other etc. after baking, there is a problem of that shrinkage factor is inconsistent, easily ftracture, lead to runout risk big；2）, when being assembled into prefabricated negative electrode, both are difficult to combine closely for conductive rod iron and cathode carbon pieces, lead to contact drop big, and through-flow rear pressure drop increases；3）When in a cell prefabricated negative electrode being installed, limited by physical location, cathode steel bar concentrates in prefabricated negative electrode, make CURRENT DISTRIBUTION undesirable；4）Affected by the fixed dimension of prefabricated negative electrode and side wall carbon block it is difficult to control the horizontal current in aluminium liquid, lead to metal wave big, affect production efficiency；5）Prefabricated negative electrode and cathode assembling are costly；6）Repair in groove, overhaul when, it usually needs whole liner is excluded, more again lays prefabricated negative electrode, high cost, workload are big.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation and its integral forming method, by Pot Lining global formation, save prefabricated negative electrode and assembling procedure, improve cathode current distribution, reduce runout risk, the horizontal current reducing in aluminium liquid, reduce bottom land pressure drop, realize energy-efficient production, save electrolytic cell construction cost.In addition, also can repair and increasing material brickwork during overhaul by electrolytic cell, reduce maintenance cost and workload.
The present invention is realized in：
The present invention is such based on the aluminium cell of cathode inner lining global formation：The structure of this electrolytic cell includes anode, superstructure and hoisting mechanism, is provided with Pot Lining below anode, and the lateral surface of Pot Lining is provided with bassinet stand and pot shell, is provided with lateral lining structure, bottom cathode, cathode steel bar and bottom liner structure in Pot Lining；Wherein lateral lining structure and cathode carbon pieces are respectively adopted the nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener based on cold ramming paste and the conductive carbon paste based on cold ramming paste, integrally roll shaping in electrolytic cell brickwork, and by being electrolysed roasting sintering；Nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener resistivity based on cold ramming paste is more than 90 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 18MPa；Conductive carbon paste resistivity based on cold ramming paste is less than 35 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 20MPa.
Wherein, nonconducting lateral lining structure is deep into bottom cathode region, the horizontal direction path of suppression cathode current, make the more distribution of horizontal current in the cathode, reduce the horizontal current in aluminium liquid, reduce metal wave, also extend the road strength that aluminium liquid may penetrate electrolytic cell simultaneously, reduce runout risk.
The integral forming method being somebody's turn to do the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation is such：Cathode steel bar is configured in a cell according to desired CURRENT DISTRIBUTION, then less than 40oAt a temperature of C, integrally roll lateral lining structure and bottom cathode, form global formation cell lining, meanwhile, according to design requirement different shape and position, roll into the cathode construction of different types.
It is less than the bottom cathode of 35 μ Ω m using resistivity, corresponding material and structure are equipped with Pot Lining simultaneously, the material of wherein bottom liner structure adopts ceramic fibre material, calcium silicate products, fireclay insulating refractory or vermiculite insulation material, the material of lateral lining structure adopts ceramic fibre material, vermiculite insulation material, amorphous refractory or fireclay insulating refractory, so that heat loss is reduced, reduce production run energy consumption 10-15%.
Further, carry out one section or two-stage calcination by the way of combustion gas, heating plate or electric heating coke powder, whole roasting process adopts anti-oxidation airtight shove charge scheme, it is equipped with baking flue gas collection system, intensification electric current adopts flow-dividing control, and the heating-up time is not more than 240 hours so as to lateral lining structure and bottom cathode fully carbonize, resistivity is less than 35 μ Ω m, compression strength is not less than 20MPa, subsequently completes electrobath start.
Further, lateral lining structure and during bottom cathode global formation, thickener layer-built cables installation or roll, and with certain frequency, using machinery and manual mode of operation's successively rapping thickener, be progressively molded.
Further, repair in electrolytic cell, overhaul when, according to the damaged condition of lateral lining structure and bottom cathode, broken parts are carried out with sectional repair, substitute whole Pot Lining in the past and dig overhaul.
The present invention adopts the cold ramming paste material of excellent high conduction performance as bottom cathode material, the cold ramming paste material of the non-conductive performance of easy conductive is not as sidepiece insulation material, electrolytic cell brickwork is successively carried out by brickwork instrument, because Material shrinkage rate is little, flawless after negative electrode and sidepiece roasting, reduce bakie risk；Form trench bottom material and the material formation groove side wall composite material filling not easy conductive by filling the material of high conduction performance based on cold ramming paste simultaneously, bottom land current density can be improved, reduce bottom land pressure drop and groove sidepiece electric conductivity, can change on demand and positioning plus cathode steel bar, be conducive to reducing the distribution of melt zone horizontal current, increase cathode current distribution uniformity, finally realize energy consumption and reduce and improve efficiency.The present invention, due to saving prefabricated negative electrode and cathode assembling technique, roasting flow process, is also greatly reduced investment and production run expense, raises labour productivity.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the aluminum cell structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of conventional cathode structure：In figure：Rod iron non-uniform Distribution；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the overall cathode construction of the present invention：In figure：Rod iron is uniformly distributed；
Fig. 4 is that overall negative electrode reduces horizontal current structural representation；
Fig. 5 is overall cathode inner lining structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is overall cathode inner lining local light maintenance schematic diagram.
Description of reference numerals：1- anode, 2- superstructure, 3- hoisting mechanism, 4- bassinet stand and pot shell, 5- bottom liner structure, 6- lateral lining structure, 7- bottom cathode, 8- cathode steel bar.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in Figure 1, Fig. 1 illustrates the structure of the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation of the present invention, as can be seen from the figure, the structure of this electrolytic cell includes anode 1, superstructure 2 and hoisting mechanism 3, it is provided with Pot Lining below anode 1, the lateral surface of Pot Lining is provided with bassinet stand and pot shell 4, is provided with lateral lining structure 6, bottom cathode 7, cathode steel bar 8 and bottom liner structure 5 in Pot Lining；Wherein lateral lining structure 6 and cathode carbon pieces 7 are respectively adopted the nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener based on cold ramming paste and the conductive carbon paste based on cold ramming paste, integrally roll shaping in electrolytic cell brickwork, and by being electrolysed roasting sintering；Nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener resistivity based on cold ramming paste is more than 90 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 18MPa；Conductive carbon paste resistivity based on cold ramming paste is less than 35 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 20MPa.
As can be seen from Figure 4, in the structure of this aluminium cell, nonconducting lateral lining structure 6 is deep into bottom cathode 7 region, the horizontal direction path of suppression cathode current, make the more distribution of horizontal current in the cathode, reduce the horizontal current in aluminium liquid, reduce metal wave, also extend the road strength that aluminium liquid may penetrate electrolytic cell simultaneously, reduce runout risk.
This aluminium cell is constructed using integral forming method, the effect of the method is as shown in Figures 2 and 3, wherein Fig. 2 illustrates prior art non-integral formation type electrolytic cell, and Fig. 3 shows the Integral forming type electrolytic cell of the present invention, the difference of the two is obvious, in fig. 2, because electrolytic cell is not global formation, cathode steel bar 8 is uniform in the position of bottom cathode 7, and cathode steel bar 8 can be configured in a cell according to desired CURRENT DISTRIBUTION, then less than 40oAt a temperature of C, integrally roll lateral lining structure 6 and bottom cathode 7, form global formation cell lining, meanwhile, according to design requirement different shape and position, roll into the cathode construction of different types.
The present invention uses resistivity to be less than the bottom cathode 6 of 35 μ Ω m，Cold ramming paste due to adopting possesses excellent electric conductivity，Carbon cathode body pressure drop reduces，On the other hand，Because bottom cathode 7 adopts the structure based on cathode inner lining global formation of the present invention，Contact between Carbon cathode and rod iron can get larger improvement，Thus reducing cathode assembling contact drop，Aluminum pot working voltage is finally made to obtain larger reduction，Corresponding material and structure should be equipped with Pot Lining simultaneously，Wherein Pot Lining bottom liner material should adopt ceramic fibre material、Calcium silicate products、Fireclay insulating refractory、Vermiculite insulation material etc.，Pot Lining lateral lining material should adopt ceramic fibre material、Vermiculite insulation material、Amorphous refractory、Fireclay insulating refractory etc.，Heat loss is finally made to reduce，Thus can reach reduction production run energy consumption 10-15%，As Fig. 5.
The present invention carries out one section or two-stage calcination by the way of combustion gas, heating plate or electric heating coke powder, whole roasting process adopts anti-oxidation airtight shove charge scheme, it is equipped with baking flue gas collection system, intensification electric current adopts flow-dividing control, heating-up time is not more than 240 hours, its lateral lining structure 6 and bottom cathode 7 is made fully to carbonize, resistivity is less than 35 μ Ω m, compression strength is not less than 20MPa, subsequently completes electrobath start.
When lateral lining structure 6 and bottom cathode 7 global formation, thickener layer-built cables installation or roll, and with certain frequency, using machinery and manual mode of operation's successively rapping thickener, be progressively molded.
Repair in electrolytic cell, overhaul when, according to the damaged condition of lateral lining structure 6 and bottom cathode 7, broken parts are carried out with sectional repair, substitute whole Pot Lining in the past and dig overhaul, such as Fig. 6.
Certainly, the concrete application example of the above simply present invention, the present invention also has the technical scheme that other embodiments, all employing equivalents or equivalent transformation are formed, all falls within protection domain of the presently claimed invention.
Claims (7)
1. the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation it is characterised in that：The structure of this electrolytic cell includes anode（1）, superstructure（2）And hoisting mechanism（3）, in anode（1）Lower section is provided with Pot Lining, and the lateral surface of Pot Lining is provided with bassinet stand and pot shell（4）, in Pot Lining, it is provided with lateral lining structure（6）, bottom cathode（7）, cathode steel bar（8）With bottom liner structure（5）；Wherein lateral lining structure（6）With cathode carbon pieces（7）It is respectively adopted the nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener based on cold ramming paste and the conductive carbon paste based on cold ramming paste, integrally roll shaping in electrolytic cell brickwork, and by being electrolysed roasting sintering；Nonconductive carbon SiClx thickener resistivity based on cold ramming paste is more than 90 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 18MPa；Conductive carbon paste resistivity based on cold ramming paste is less than 35 μ Ω m, and compression strength is not less than 20MPa.
2. the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Nonconducting lateral lining structure（6）It is deep into bottom cathode（7）Region, the horizontal direction path of suppression cathode current, make the more distribution of horizontal current in the cathode, reduce the horizontal current in aluminium liquid, reduce metal wave, also extend the road strength that aluminium liquid may penetrate electrolytic cell simultaneously, reduce runout risk.
3. a kind of integral forming method of the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that：Cathode steel bar（8）Configured in a cell according to desired CURRENT DISTRIBUTION, then less than 40oAt a temperature of C, integrally roll lateral lining structure（6）And bottom cathode（7）, form global formation cell lining, meanwhile, according to design requirement different shape and position, roll into the cathode construction of different types.
4. the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation according to claim 3 integral forming method it is characterised in that：It is less than the bottom cathode of 35 μ Ω m using resistivity（7）, corresponding material and structure, wherein bottom liner structure are equipped with Pot Lining simultaneously（5）Material adopt ceramic fibre material, calcium silicate products, fireclay insulating refractory or vermiculite insulation material, lateral lining structure（6）Material adopt ceramic fibre material, vermiculite insulation material, amorphous refractory or fireclay insulating refractory, so that heat loss is reduced, reduce production run energy consumption 10-15%.
5. the aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation according to claim 4 integral forming method it is characterised in that：Carry out one section or two-stage calcination by the way of combustion gas, heating plate or electric heating coke powder, whole roasting process adopts anti-oxidation airtight shove charge scheme, is equipped with baking flue gas collection system, and intensification electric current adopts flow-dividing control, heating-up time is not more than 240 hours so as to lateral lining structure（6）And bottom cathode（7）Fully carbonize, resistivity is less than 35 μ Ω m, compression strength is not less than 20MPa, subsequently completes electrobath start.
6. the integral forming method according to the claim aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation according to claim 5 it is characterised in that：Lateral lining structure（6）And bottom cathode（7）During global formation, thickener layer-built cables installation or roll, and with certain frequency, using machinery and manual mode of operation's successively rapping thickener, be progressively molded.
7. the integral forming method according to the claim aluminium cell based on cathode inner lining global formation according to claim 6 it is characterised in that：Repair in electrolytic cell, overhaul when, according to lateral lining structure（6）And bottom cathode（7）Damaged condition, broken parts are carried out with sectional repair, substitute whole Pot Lining in the past and dig overhaul.
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| CN201610456037.4A CN106400053A (en) | 2016-06-22 | 2016-06-22 | Integrally-formed aluminum electrolytic cell based on cathode inner liner and integral forming method thereof |
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| CN108004568A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of rare earth electrolysis cell inner lining structure and rare earth electrolysis cell |
| CN108193235A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of rare earth electrolysis cell electrode structure and rare earth electrolysis cell |
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| CN107236970A (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2017-10-10 | 山东南山铝业股份有限公司 | The method for repairing and mending of electrolytic cell sideways furnace wall |
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| CN108004568A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-08 | 中南大学 | A kind of rare earth electrolysis cell inner lining structure and rare earth electrolysis cell |
| CN108193235A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-22 | 中南大学 | A kind of rare earth electrolysis cell electrode structure and rare earth electrolysis cell |
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Application publication date: 20170215 |