CN208362485U - A kind of energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system - Google Patents
A kind of energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN208362485U CN208362485U CN201721630816.8U CN201721630816U CN208362485U CN 208362485 U CN208362485 U CN 208362485U CN 201721630816 U CN201721630816 U CN 201721630816U CN 208362485 U CN208362485 U CN 208362485U
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- graphite
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- energy
- molten salt
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- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 84
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003064 anti-oxidating Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Neodymium Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 2
- REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium(3+) Chemical class [Al+3] REDXJYDRNCIFBQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011300 coal pitch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000875 corresponding Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002006 petroleum coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 praseodymium neodymium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001257 Nb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000748 compression moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007770 graphite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Inorganic materials [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002609 media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006011 modification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Rare earth molten salt electrolytic system, including graphite liner body are trained the utility model relates to a kind of energy-saving Wan An, and the external side of graphite liner is disposed with that anti-expanded graphite is cold to smash layer, inner protective layer, insulating layer, insulating layer, external protection；Wherein, opening is equipped at the top of the graphite liner body, its inside is a cavity, its bottom is equipped with placing groove wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, for metallic receptor to be arranged in the placing groove, the side wall of the graphite liner body is equipped with graphite anode, and conductive cover plate is provided with metallic cathode for the top of the graphite liner body and the metallic cathode extends from top to bottom and is vacantly set in the cavity of the graphite liner body.Energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system structure described in the utility model is simple, the consumption that can be improved metal production, improve current efficiency, reduce graphite, electric energy.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to molten-salt electrolysis equipment technical fields, are related to a kind of fused salt for producing light rare earth metal and alloy
A kind of electrolytic cell, and in particular to energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system.
Background technique
China rare earth molten-salt electrolysis industry originates from the 1980s, with the continuous development of science and technology, 4000~6000A
Rare earth electrolysis cell often has that electrolytic process parameter is unstable, production capacity is low, product homogeneity and stability are poor, it is difficult to realize big rule
The requirement of mould production.
The method of existing production rare earth metal and alloy is mainly fluoride smelt salt oxide electrolysis method, has been used
Cell construction mainly include the following types:
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN 2O3360596U discloses a kind of electrolytic cell, is built using concave-convex connecting method
It forms, although dimensionally being expanded, the dosage of electrolyte is 1500kg in Starting-up process, and electrolysis yield is
95%, material is not up to more optimal than also, and graphite consumption is larger.
The Chinese patent of Publication No. CN2372329Y discloses a kind of electrolytic cell, and cell lining therein is graphite block
It builds, there are carbonaceous knotting layer and refractory insulating layer in outside, this structure is not limited by graphite material size, and single tankage is reachable
10KA, while graphite anode is changed to seperated sheet and is placed in around cathode, carbon content is reduced in product, but the electrolytic cell stone
Ink masonry is relatively complicated, easily generation molten salt leakage phenomenon, is not easy to realize industrial applications.
For this purpose, we have proposed a kind of energy-saving Wan An to train rare earth molten salt electrolytic system, to solve the above problems.
Utility model content
One main purpose of the utility model is to overcome at least one defect in the prior art, provides a kind of energy conservation
Train rare earth molten salt electrolytic system in type Wan An.
In order to realize above-mentioned technical proposal, the utility model uses following technical scheme:
One aspect according to the present utility model provides a kind of energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system, including
Graphite liner body, the external side of graphite liner are disposed with that anti-expanded graphite is cold to smash layer, inner protective layer, insulating layer, insulation
Layer, external protection；
Wherein, opening is equipped at the top of the graphite liner body, its inside is a cavity, its bottom is equipped with wide at the top and narrow at the bottom put
Slot is set, is used to be arranged metallic receptor in the placing groove, the side wall of the graphite liner body is equipped with graphite anode, the stone
Conductive cover plate is provided with metallic cathode for the top of black inner lining body and the metallic cathode extends from top to bottom and is vacantly arranged
In in the cavity of the graphite liner body.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the graphite anode have structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the back side of the graphite anode are a flat surface, front be equipped with one to
The arc surface of sunken inside.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the graphite liner body are integrally formed.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the metallic receptor have structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, inside be
One receiving cavity.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the inner protective layer, external protection are made of steel shell.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the metallic cathode are metal tungsten cathode.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the graphite anode include two parts, and top half is antioxygen
Change layer, lower half portion is graphite electrolysis layer.
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the anti oxidation layer is 70-with a thickness of 70-100mm, length
200mm。
An embodiment according to the present utility model, the graphite electrolysis layer are with a thickness of 40-60mm, length
300—400mm。
As shown from the above technical solution, the utility model has at least one of following advantages and good effect:
Energy-saving Wan An training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system described in the utility model can improve metal production, improve electric current effect
Rate improves rare-earth yield, reduces the consumption of graphite, electric energy.
Graphite liner body described in the utility model be integrally formed, no longer use connecting method, easily expand with heat and contract with cold and
Deformation, devises that anti-expanded graphite is cold to smash layer thus.The corresponding metallic receptor of matching design, the metallic receptor are anti-ageing
Change, thermal deformation resistant, prolongs its service life.The corresponding graphite anode of matching design improves graphite anode service life, guarantees stone
Black anode depletion rate is uniform, reduces graphite anode disability rate.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, for ordinary skill people
For member, without creative efforts, it is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure that one embodiment of rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the top view that rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of metallic receptor described in the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of metal anode described in the utility model.
The reference numerals are as follows:
1- graphite liner body；
The anti-expanded graphite of 2- is cold to smash layer；
3- inner protective layer；
4- insulating layer；
5- insulating layer；
6- external protection；
7- metallic receptor；
8- graphite anode；
9- conductive cover plate；
10- metallic cathode.
Specific embodiment
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise indicated, the meaning of " plurality " is two or more.Term
The orientation or state relation of the instructions such as "inner", "upper", "lower" are orientation based on the figure or state relation, merely to just
In description the utility model and simplify description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning there must be specific side
Position is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " is pacified
Dress ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
To be mechanical connection, it is also possible to be electrically connected；It can be directly connected, it can also be indirectly connected through an intermediary.For this
For the those of ordinary skill in field, the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention is understood as the case may be.
It should be noted that the specification and claims of the utility model and term " first " in above-mentioned attached drawing,
" second " etc. is to be used to distinguish similar objects, without being used to describe a particular order or precedence order.It should be understood that in this way
The data used are interchangeable under appropriate circumstances, so as to the embodiments of the present invention described herein.
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is described in further detail the utility model.
It is that rare earth molten salt electrolytic system one is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model referring to Fig. 1,2,3,4, Fig. 1
The structural schematic diagram of embodiment, Fig. 2 train the top view of rare earth molten salt electrolytic system for the energy-saving Wan An of the utility model,
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of metallic receptor described in the utility model；Fig. 4 is that the structure of metal anode described in the utility model is shown
It is intended to.
Rare earth molten salt electrolytic system, including graphite liner body 1 are trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model, described
Graphite liner body 1 has been orderly arranged outside each that anti-expanded graphite is cold to smash layer 2, inner protective layer 3, insulating layer 4, insulating layer 5, external protection
6, metallic receptor 7, graphite anode 8, conductive cover plate 9, metallic cathode 10.
In the present invention, opening is equipped at the top of the graphite liner body 1, its inside is a cavity, its bottom is equipped with
Placing groove wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, the placing groove is interior for metallic receptor 7 to be arranged, and the side wall of the graphite liner body 1 is equipped with
The top of graphite anode 8, the graphite liner body 1 is provided with metallic cathode 10 and the metallic cathode 10 by conductive cover plate 9
Extend from top to bottom and is vacantly set in the cavity of the graphite liner body 1.Further, as shown in figure 4, the graphite is positive
Pole 8 has structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the back side of the graphite anode 8 is a flat surface, and front is equipped with a circular arc being recessed inwardly
Face.
Graphite liner body 1 described in the utility model is integrally formed, and reduces and opens electrolyte leakage in furnace and electrolytic process
The waste of generation overcomes and uses spliced design in the prior art, easily leads to the problem of electrolyte leakage.Due to using one
The molding graphite liner body 1 of formula, under the cavity for guaranteeing integral strength, the depth down of the graphite liner body 1, size add
Greatly, the capacity of electrolyte is improved, Faradaic current is increased to 15000A, and voltage is basically unchanged.
The ingredient of graphite liner body 1 described in the utility model include broken graphite, crystalline flake graphite, rare earth oxide, anthracite,
Petroleum coke, medium temperature coal pitch, bonding agent are made of the processing technology of ingredient, kneading, vibration compression moulding, baking inphases.
Further, graphite is broken: 1mm≤partial size≤2mm is 2-5%；
0.1mm≤partial size≤1mm is 2-15%；
0.01mm≤partial size≤0.1mm is 14-35%；
0.001mm≤partial size≤0.01mm is 20-40%；
Crystalline flake graphite: 2-25%；
Rare earth oxide: 12-15%；
Anthracite: 2-5%；
Petroleum coke: 2-5%；
Medium temperature coal pitch: 2-5%；
Bonding agent: 2-25%.
In the utility model, using insulating layer 4, the thermal insulation property of electrolytic cell is improved, heat loss is reduced.Shown guarantor
Warm layer 4 is the prior art, and the insulating layer 4 can be used insulating foam and be made.The metallic cathode 10 is metal tungsten cathode.Institute
State inner protective layer 3, external protection 6 is made of steel shell.
In the utility model, the metallic receptor 7 has structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and internal is a receiving cavity, gram
Taken the receiver service life in existing rare earth molten salt electrolytic it is short, easily by non-rare earth pollute defect.It is described in the utility model
It is 0.1~10% that ingredient, which includes tungsten, in metallic receptor 7, and molybdenum is 0.1~10%, and niobium is 50~99%.Using wide at the top and narrow at the bottom
Structure enters inside this metallic receptor 7 convenient for metal, while whole using tungsten, molybdenum, niobium alloy, so that service life is substantially
It improves, and the metal for entering this metallic receptor 7 is not easy to be contaminated.
The cold ingredient for smashing layer 2 of anti-expanded graphite described in the utility model include: graphite powder 50~80%, graphite block 2~
20%, rare earth oxyfluoride 2~5%, graphite tar 2~10%.The anti-expanded graphite is cold smash layer 2 using the graphite of bulk and
Rare earth clinker oxyfluoride, reduces the cold volatilization for smashing layer 2 of anti-expanded graphite, effective protection graphite liner body 1 and extends in graphite
The service life of liner body 1.
In order to reduce 8 disability rate of graphite anode, extend 8 service life of graphite anode, using upper thick and lower thin design scheme,
Increase the thickness of graphite at gas-liquid two-phase；Meanwhile in order to guarantee 8 uniform current density of graphite anode, during front with cathode is
The heart uses 1/4 circular arc, and the back side uses the scheme of plane, guarantees the uniform consumption of graphite anode 8.Its 10 electric current of matched metal cathode
Density is 4-5A/cm2, 8 current density of graphite anode is 0.8-1A/cm2。
Further, the graphite anode 8 is divided to for two parts, and top half is anti oxidation layer, with a thickness of 70-
100mm, length are 70-200mm, and lower half portion is graphite electrolysis layer, and with a thickness of 40-60mm, length is 300-
400mm.In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 4, the plane width at the back side of the graphite anode 8 is 30-80mm, and the side of two sides
Face is also plane, and the width of side is 30-50mm.
Rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model, as shown in Figure 2 position installation row
Column, and electrolytic cell body is non-hermetic type；Three metallic cathodes 10 are configured, material is tungsten, diameter 85mm；Fluoride molten salt body
Set member range of choice are as follows: 75~98% (wt.%) ReF3,2~25% (wt.%) LiF；It is passed through direct current, electrolysis temperature is
1060±30℃；Its 10 current density of matched metal cathode is 4-5A/cm2, 8 current density of graphite anode is 0.8-1A/cm2；Electricity
Solution product metal neodymium or praseodymium neodymium are precipitated on metallic cathode 10, then enter metallic receptor 7 along metallic cathode 10.Its electric current
Efficiency is 88%, and the ingredient of gained neodymium metal (praseodymium neodymium) is C<0.03%, Si<0.03%, Fe<0.2%, RE>99%.
Electrolyzer system described in the utility model is applied in actual industrial production, and average of the whole year creation data is such as
Under:
Faradaic current: 15000 amperes
Yield: 15 tons/month；
Direct consumption of electr ic energy average value: 6.5 degree/kilogram；
Graphite consumption: 160 kilograms/month；
Sole anode graphite elapsed time: 50 hours；
Material ratio: 1.1997；
Pot life: 2 years；
Groove body service life: 4 years；
Current efficiency: 88%.
In conclusion training rare earth molten salt electrolytic system in energy-saving Wan An described in the utility model can improve metal production,
The consumption for improving current efficiency, reducing graphite, electric energy.
It should be appreciated that the utility model is not limited in its application to the detailed construction and arrangement of component proposed in this paper
Mode.The utility model can have other embodiments, and can realize and execute in many ways.Aforesaid deformation form
It is fallen in the scope of the utility model with modification.It should be appreciated that the utility model disclosed and defined herein extends
It is mentioned to text and/or drawings or all alternative combinations of two or more apparent independent features.It is described herein
Embodiment illustrate to become known for realize the best mode of the utility model, and those skilled in the art will be enable to utilize
The utility model.
Claims (10)
1. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An, which is characterized in that including graphite liner body, in the graphite
Liner body has been orderly arranged outside each that anti-expanded graphite is cold to smash layer, inner protective layer, insulating layer, insulating layer, external protection；
Wherein, opening is equipped at the top of the graphite liner body, its inside is a cavity, its bottom is equipped with placement wide at the top and narrow at the bottom
Slot, the placing groove is interior for metallic receptor to be arranged, and the side wall of the graphite liner body is equipped with graphite anode, the graphite
Conductive cover plate is provided with metallic cathode for the top of inner lining body and the metallic cathode extends from top to bottom and is vacantly set to
In the cavity of the graphite liner body.
2. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stone
Black anode has structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom.
3. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the stone
The back side of black anode is a flat surface, and front is equipped with an arc surface being recessed inwardly.
4. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stone
Black inner lining body is integrally formed.
5. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gold
Belonging to receiver has structure wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and internal is a receiving cavity.
6. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in described
Protective layer, external protection are made of steel shell.
7. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the gold
Category cathode is metal tungsten cathode.
8. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the stone
Black anode includes two parts, and top half is anti oxidation layer, and lower half portion is graphite electrolysis layer.
9. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described anti-
Oxide layer is 70-200mm with a thickness of 70-100mm, length.
10. rare earth molten salt electrolytic system is trained in a kind of energy-saving Wan An according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described
Graphite electrolysis layer is 300-400mm with a thickness of 40-60mm, length.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111778524A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-16 | 吴高武 | Leak-proof rare earth metal electrolytic tank device |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111778524A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-16 | 吴高武 | Leak-proof rare earth metal electrolytic tank device |
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