CN110015129A - Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment - Google Patents
Battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN110015129A CN110015129A CN201710776101.1A CN201710776101A CN110015129A CN 110015129 A CN110015129 A CN 110015129A CN 201710776101 A CN201710776101 A CN 201710776101A CN 110015129 A CN110015129 A CN 110015129A
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- single battery
- battery
- self
- discharge rate
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/21—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules having the same nominal voltage
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/18—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries of two or more battery modules
- B60L58/22—Balancing the charge of battery modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0019—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using switched or multiplexed charge circuits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/40—Drive Train control parameters
- B60L2240/54—Drive Train control parameters related to batteries
- B60L2240/547—Voltage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
This disclosure relates to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipment, which comprises obtain the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack；Obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate；According to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized；According to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled.The target equilibrium duration as based on balancing procedure is calculated according to the internal resistance value of single battery to be equalized and with reference to the difference between internal resistance value, so more accurate, so that balancing procedure is also more accurate, avoids the too long or too short situation of balanced duration and occur.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to control technology field, and in particular, to a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium
And electronic equipment.
Background technique
The large-capacity battery for providing power source for electric car is commonly referred to as power battery.Vehicular dynamic battery generally by
Multiple single batteries are composed in series a module.With the use of battery, the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, monomer
Consistency is poor between battery, and due to the short -board effect of battery, battery capacity performance is restricted, and prevents battery capacity from abundant
It plays, the whole capacity of battery pack is caused to reduce.On the other hand, it after the otherness between each single battery is gradually expanded, will make
At certain single battery overcharges, certain single battery overdischarge influence battery life, damage battery, but also there may be
A large amount of heat causes cells burst or explosion.
Therefore, effective balanced management is carried out to electric automobile power battery, is conducive to improve each battery in battery pack
Consistency reduces the capacitance loss of battery, extends the service life and electric car continual mileage of battery, has highly important
Meaning.
Currently, carrying out balanced management to battery pack, it will usually acquire the battery letter of each single battery in battery pack in real time
Then breath determines according to the battery information of acquisition and needs equilibrium either with or without single battery, and having single battery to need
It is balanced to needing balanced single battery to carry out when weighing apparatus.During single battery is by equilibrium, if the equilibrium of single battery
Duration is too long, will increase the inconsistency of each single battery in the battery pack where it instead, causes equalization efficiency lower；Such as
The balanced duration of fruit single battery is too short, then portfolio effect is not achieved.Thus, how to accurately determine and needs balanced monomer electricity
The balanced duration in pond, is problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of this disclosure is to provide a kind of battery equalization method, system, vehicle, storage medium and electronic equipments, with excellent
Electrochemical cell balancing procedure.
To achieve the goals above, disclosure first aspect provides a kind of battery equalization method, which comprises
Obtain the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack；
Obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate；
According to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine the monomer to be equalized
The target equilibrium duration of battery；
According to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled.
Disclosure second aspect provides a kind of battery equalization system, comprising:
Balance module, acquisition module and control module,
The acquisition module is used for: obtaining the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack；
The control module is used for: balanced required reference self-discharge rate is obtained, and, according to the monomer electricity to be equalized
The self-discharge rate in pond and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized；
The balance module is used for: according to the target equilibrium duration, being carried out to the single battery to be equalized balanced.
The disclosure third aspect provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, should
Method described in disclosure first aspect is realized when program instruction is executed by processor.
Disclosure fourth aspect provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
Computer readable storage medium described in the disclosure third aspect；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
The 5th aspect of the disclosure provides a kind of vehicle, and the vehicle includes: described in battery pack and disclosure second aspect
Battery equalization system.
Through the above technical solutions, according to the self-discharge rate of single battery to be equalized in battery pack and self-discharge rate is referred to,
The target equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized is determined, then according to identified target equilibrium duration, to the list for needing equilibrium
Body battery carries out balanced.The target equilibrium duration as based on balancing procedure is the self-discharge rate according to single battery to be equalized
What the difference between reference self-discharge rate was calculated, thus it is more accurate, so that balancing procedure is also more accurate, keep away
Exempt from the too long or too short situation of balanced duration to occur.
Other feature and advantage of the disclosure will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is and to constitute part of specification for providing further understanding of the disclosure, with following tool
Body embodiment is used to explain the disclosure together, but does not constitute the limitation to the disclosure.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 2 is the signal that two single batteries of one embodiment of the disclosure share the battery equalization system of a balance module
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 4 is that two single batteries of another embodiment of the disclosure share showing for the battery equalization system of a balance module
It is intended to；
Fig. 5 is the flow diagram of the battery equalization method of one embodiment of the disclosure；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure.
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure.It should be understood that this place is retouched
The specific embodiment stated is only used for describing and explaining the disclosure, is not limited to the disclosure.
It is the schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 1.The battery equalization system includes: control
Molding block 101, acquisition module 102, balance module 103 and battery pack 104.
In one embodiment, all corresponding acquisition module 102 of every section single battery and a balance module 103.It is right
Different control channel and control module 101 should be passed through respectively in the acquisition module 102 and balance module 103 of same single battery
Connection.Control module may include control chip, control chip by two pins respectively with correspond to same single battery and adopting
Collection module is connected with balance module, and two pins and two channels correspond.
In this embodiment, control module 101 controls acquisition module 102 and 103 timesharing of balance module according to unit period
Conducting carries out the acquisition of battery information and the equilibrium of battery respectively, so that battery information acquisition and balanced timesharing carry out.Avoid electricity
When pond information collection and equilibrium carry out simultaneously, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 102 and
The connection of one balance module 103.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 102 be it is N number of, balance module 103 is N
It is a, as a result, control module 101 by 2 × N number of control channel, connect respectively with N number of acquisition module and N number of balance module.
In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack
Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one
Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module,
In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over
For connection.
Referring to fig. 2, two single batteries share a balance module, when the two section single batteries for sharing a balance module
When being required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, which replaces connection with every section single battery.Alternately connect
It can be the connection according to certain period alternately.111 institute of a single battery for example, with reference to Fig. 2, in two section single batteries
When paralleling switch 150 in corresponding parallel branch 15 is closed 2s under the control of control module 14, in two section single batteries
Paralleling switch 150 in parallel branch 15 corresponding to another single battery 111 disconnects 2s under the control of control module 14.
That is the paralleling switch 150 in the corresponding parallel branch 15 of each single battery 111 in two section single batteries, in balancing period
It is interior, it just was switched to off-state from closed state every two seconds, or be switched to closed state from off-state.It is adopting as a result,
On the basis of collecting module and balance module timesharing conducting, in balancing period, the single battery alternating of same balance module is shared
Connect with the shared balance module, realize balanced.
It is the structural schematic diagram of the battery equalization system of another embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 3.
The battery equalization system includes: control module 301, acquisition module 302, balance module 303 and battery pack 304.Its
In, battery pack 304 includes multiple concatenated single batteries.Control module 301 by control channel 305 with corresponding to same
The acquisition module 302 and balance module 303 of single battery connect.Control module is used to determine the list connecting with the control module
When body battery does not need to carry out equilibrium, control control module is connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively, control module is also used to
Determine that acquisition module and balance module are according to unit period point when needing progress balanced with the single battery that the control module connects
When multiplex channel 305.
One unit period includes: acquisition period and balancing period.Control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, is acquiring
The battery information of single battery is sampled in period, to obtain the battery information of single battery.Battery information includes at least
One of: voltage, electric current and temperature etc..In one embodiment, battery information can only include voltage value, as a result,
The voltage performance parameter of single battery can be obtained.In another embodiment, battery information can also include voltage value, electric current simultaneously
Value and temperature value etc., can be obtained the performance parameters such as SOC, internal resistance, the self-discharge rate of single battery as a result,.
Control module 301 determines according to the battery information for the single battery that acquisition module 302 acquires and needs to carry out equilibrium
Single battery to be equalized.For needing to open balanced single battery to be equalized, the control of control module 301 and the list to be equalized
The corresponding balance module of body battery carries out the single battery to be equalized balanced in balancing period.
As a result, in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the same control channel, control module are shared between acquisition module and balance module
Acquisition module and balance module are controlled, according to the unit period time-sharing multiplex control channel, avoids battery information acquisition and
When weighing while carrying out, the influence for the precision that euqalizing current acquires battery information；On the other hand, shown in FIG. 1 compared to above-mentioned
Embodiment reduces the number of channels requirement to control module chip, can save hardware cost.
In one embodiment, in the shared control channel of acquisition module and balance module, it is provided with a switch K, is controlled
Molding block 301 is connect with switch K, and by control switch K, realizes that timesharing is connect with acquisition module 302 or balance module 303.
When switch K is connect with acquisition module 302, control module 301 controls acquisition module 302, in collection period, to single battery
Carry out the acquisition of battery information；When switch K is connect with balance module 303, control module 301 controls 303 pairs of institutes of balance module
Corresponding single battery carries out balanced.
In one embodiment, shown in Figure 1, each single battery in battery respectively with an acquisition module 302 and
The connection of one balance module 303.If battery pack includes N number of single battery, acquisition module 302 be it is N number of, balance module 303 is N
A, control module 301 is connect with acquisition module and balance module respectively by N number of control channel as a result,.
In further embodiments, different single batteries can share balance module, for example, N number of monomer in battery pack
Battery, can share the same balance module or every preset quantity (for example, 2,3 or 5 etc.) a single battery shares one
Balance module etc..When thering are at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery for sharing a balance module,
In the balancing period of unit period, every section single battery in the balance module at least two section single batteries balanced with needs is handed over
For connection.
Referring to fig. 4, an illustrative diagram of a balance module is shared for two single batteries.When a shared equilibrium
When two section single batteries of module are required to equilibrium, in the balancing period of unit period, the balance module and every section monomer electricity
Pond alternately connects.Alternately connection can be the connection according to certain period alternately.As a result, in acquisition module and balance module point
When conducting on the basis of, in balancing period, share the single battery of the same balance module alternately equilibrium model shared with this
Block connection is realized balanced.
In one embodiment, acquisition module can be voltage acquisition chip, for acquiring the period, to the electricity of single battery
Pressure is acquired.
Referring to Fig. 5, based on battery equalization system shown in above-mentioned Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3 or Fig. 4 any embodiment, the disclosure one
The battery equalization method of embodiment includes:
In step s 51, the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack is obtained；
In step S52, balanced required reference self-discharge rate is obtained；
In step S53, according to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine institute
State the target equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized；
In step S54, according to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled.
Wherein, the self-discharge rate of single battery, for characterizing the capacitance loss situation and capacitance loss rate of single battery.
In one embodiment, when battery pack stops working and reaches stable state (t1 moment), it detects and records power battery pack
The open-circuit voltage values V1 of each single battery；When battery pack is again started up the moment (t2 moment) of start-up operation, detects and record dynamic
The open-circuit voltage values V2 of each single battery of power battery pack；According to each single battery open-circuit voltage values detected twice, calculate
The self-discharge rate η of each single battery out.
In one embodiment, above-mentioned steps S51 the following steps are included:
Under the battery pack after electricity, to each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the single battery reaches stable
First moment of state and in first moment the first open-circuit voltage values corresponding with the single battery；
When the battery pack powers on again, to each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the single battery powers on
The second moment and the single battery second moment the second open-circuit voltage values；
It is corresponding according to corresponding first open-circuit voltage values of the single battery and the second open-circuit voltage values and the single battery
The first moment and the second moment between duration, determine the self-discharge rate of the single battery.
After electricity under battery pack, to single battery each in battery pack, determine that the single battery reaches the of stable state
One moment and in the first moment the first open-circuit voltage values corresponding with the single battery.
It stops working after electricity under battery pack, when battery pack reaches stable state, for each monomer electricity in battery pack
The first moment t that the single battery reaches stable state is detected and is recorded in pond1With the open-circuit voltage values V of the single battery1。
When battery pack powers on again, to single battery each in battery pack, when determining the single battery powers on second
Carve and the single battery the second moment the second open-circuit voltage values.
Start-up operation is again started up when battery pack powers on again, at this time for each single battery in battery pack, detection is simultaneously
Record the second moment t that the single battery powers on2And the second open-circuit voltage values V at the moment2。
It is corresponding according to corresponding first open-circuit voltage values of the single battery and the second open-circuit voltage values and the single battery
The first moment and the second moment between duration, the ratio of voltage difference and duration is determined as to the self discharge of the single battery
Rate.
The calculation method of self-discharge rate value η are as follows:
(1) battery-based OCV-SOC curve finds out corresponding SOC1 and SOC2 according to detected V1 and V2；
(2) the SOC changing value Δ SOC of battery is calculated according to SOC1 and SOC2；
(3) capacitance C is expired according to Δ SOC and battery, calculates the battery capacity of self-discharge of battery releasing, Δ Q=Δ
SOC*C；
(4) value of battery self discharge rate η: η=Δ Q/ (t1-t2) is calculated.Self-discharge rate is bigger, then battery is in the process of standing
In, the capacity of self discharge loss is more, and residual capacity is fewer.
In step S52, determines and refer to self-discharge rate.
In one embodiment, can using the self-discharge rate of any of battery pack single battery as refer to self-discharge rate,
Such as using the self-discharge rate of Section 2 single battery in battery pack as self-discharge rate is referred to, or, self-discharge rate is most in battery pack
The self-discharge rate of big single battery, or, in battery pack the smallest single battery of self-discharge rate self-discharge rate, or, battery pack
Middle self-discharge rate comes the self-discharge rate (including the case where odd number single battery for battery pack) of the single battery of middle.
In another embodiment, the self discharge according to single battery each in battery pack is also possible to reference to self-discharge rate
What rate was calculated, such as: the average value of the self-discharge rate of each single battery in the group of pond, or, self-discharge rate is arranged in battery pack
In the average value (including the case where even number single battery for battery pack) of the self-discharge rate of two most intermediate single batteries.
Optionally, according to the self-discharge rate of single battery to be equalized and with reference to self-discharge rate, single battery to be equalized is determined
Target equilibrium duration, have and be not limited to mode identified below:
According to Δ Q=Δ η × t0Determine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that electricity is poor, and Δ η is putting certainly for single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate difference between electric rate and reference self-discharge rate, t0To between current time at the time of end for last equilibrium
Duration；
Target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/I, wherein t is target equilibrium duration, and I is single battery to be equalized
Euqalizing current.
It is different to needing balanced single battery to carry out balanced process with reference to self-discharge rate difference.Below to reference to certainly
Discharge rate is minimum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, maximum value and the case where average value, respectively
It is illustrated.
1) in the case where reference self-discharge rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, institute
State the self discharge determined between the self-discharge rate of at least one single battery and reference self-discharge rate needed for balanced judgement
Rate difference, comprising: determine putting between the self-discharge rate of following single battery and reference self-discharge rate needed for balanced judgement certainly
Electric rate difference:
The maximum single battery of self-discharge rate in the battery pack；Or
Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to self-discharge rate is the single battery of the minimum value.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that self-discharge rate difference is big at least one described single battery
After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one monomer electricity
Self-discharge rate difference is greater than or equal to the balanced single battery charging for opening threshold value in pond.
Specifically, the case where reference self-discharge rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery
Under, only the self-discharge rate of the maximum single battery of self-discharge rate in battery pack can be made the difference with reference to self-discharge rate, and then sentences
Whether the maximum single battery of self-discharge rate is to need balanced single battery in disconnected battery pack.Such embodiment is only capable of judging
Whether one single battery needs equilibrium.
In the case where reference self-discharge rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, may be used also
With by the self-discharge rate of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of self-discharge rate, with reference self discharge
Rate makes the difference, and then judges the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the smallest single battery of self-discharge rate, if is desirable
Balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge to remove in battery pack and put certainly
Other monomers battery except the electric the smallest single battery of rate, if be to need balanced single battery.
In the case where reference self-discharge rate is the minimum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, to need
Wanting balanced single battery to carry out balanced process is: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, is all made of master
Dynamic equilibrium charges to the single battery for needing equilibrium.
2) in the case where reference self-discharge rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, institute
State the self discharge determined between the self-discharge rate of at least one single battery and reference self-discharge rate needed for balanced judgement
Rate difference, comprising: determine putting between the self-discharge rate of following single battery and reference self-discharge rate needed for balanced judgement certainly
Electric rate difference:
The smallest single battery of self-discharge rate in the battery pack；Or
Other monomers battery in the battery pack in addition to self-discharge rate is the single battery of the maximum value.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that self-discharge rate difference is big at least one described single battery
After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes: control at least one monomer electricity
Self-discharge rate difference is greater than or equal to the balanced single battery electric discharge for opening threshold value in pond.
Specifically, the case where reference self-discharge rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery
Under, only the self-discharge rate of the smallest single battery of self-discharge rate in battery pack can be made the difference with reference to self-discharge rate, and then sentences
Whether the smallest single battery of self-discharge rate is to need balanced single battery in disconnected battery pack.Such embodiment is only capable of judging
Whether one single battery needs equilibrium.
In the case where reference self-discharge rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, may be used also
With by the self-discharge rate of the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of self-discharge rate, with reference self discharge
Rate makes the difference, and then judges the other monomers battery in battery pack in addition to the maximum single battery of self-discharge rate, if is desirable
Balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can disposably judge to remove in battery pack and put certainly
Other monomers battery except the electric maximum single battery of rate, if be to need balanced single battery.
In the case where reference self-discharge rate is the maximum value in battery pack in the self-discharge rate of each single battery, to need
Wanting balanced single battery to carry out balanced process is: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, be all made of by
Dynamic equilibrium discharges to the single battery for needing equilibrium.
3) described in the case where reference self-discharge rate is the average value of the self-discharge rate of each single battery in battery pack
Determine the self-discharge rate between the self-discharge rate of at least one single battery and reference self-discharge rate needed for balanced judgement
Difference, comprising: determine in the battery pack self-discharge rate of each single battery and described with reference to putting between self-discharge rate certainly
Electric rate difference.
Correspondingly, determining that needing balanced single battery is that self-discharge rate difference is big at least one described single battery
After the balanced single battery for opening threshold value, the method also includes:
It controls the single battery that self-discharge rate is less than the average value in the single battery for needing equilibrium to discharge, and controls
The single battery that self-discharge rate is greater than the average value in the single battery for needing equilibrium is made to charge.
Specifically, the case where reference self-discharge rate is the average value of the self-discharge rate of each single battery in battery pack
Under, the self-discharge rate of single battery each in battery pack can be made the difference with reference to self-discharge rate, and then judge each in battery pack
Whether a single battery is to need balanced single battery.Such embodiment is a kind of mode of batch judgement, can be disposable
Judge whether each single battery is to need balanced single battery in battery pack.
In the case where reference self-discharge rate is the average value of the self-discharge rate of each single battery in battery pack, to needs
Balanced single battery carries out balanced process: no matter battery pack is in charged state or discharge condition, to needing equilibrium
Single battery in self-discharge rate be greater than the single battery of the average value, active equalization is all made of, to needing balanced monomer electricity
The single battery that self-discharge rate is greater than the average value in pond charges；It is flat less than this to self-discharge rate in the single battery for needing equilibrium
The single battery of mean value is all made of passive equilibrium, and the list of the average value is less than to self-discharge rate in the single battery for needing equilibrium
Body battery discharge.
It should be understood that then continuation is according at least one monomer electricity in battery pack if it is determined that not needing balanced single battery
The self-discharge rate in pond judges whether the single battery of equilibrium in need.When determining without needing to carry out balanced single battery,
Control module can be without movement, so that the corresponding balance module of any battery is not turned on.
It is the schematic diagram of the balance module of one embodiment of the disclosure referring to Fig. 6.Single battery to be equalized is controlled to carry out
Weighing apparatus needs that above-mentioned balanced judgement is combined to carry out.The step of being judged according to equilibrium, determines that the balanced way of single battery to be equalized is
Passive equilibrium (discharging single battery to be equalized) or active equalization (fill single battery to be equalized
Electricity), and corresponding balance module is connected.
Referring to Fig. 6, for passive balanced, balance module includes: a resistance 811, the corresponding equilibrium of each single battery
Module, i.e., the both ends of an every section single battery resistance in parallel.
For needing to carry out passive balanced single battery to be equalized, control module controls the single battery to be equalized and its
Shunt circuit conducting between corresponding resistance, to execute the passive equilibrium to the single battery.Referring to Fig. 6, control module is logical
The conducting of control switch module 812 is crossed, realizes the conducting of the shunt circuit between the corresponding resistance of single battery to be equalized.
Resistance 811 can be fixed value resistance or variable resistance.In one embodiment, resistance 811 can be positive temperature coefficient
Thermistor, can variation with temperature and change, the euqalizing current generated when thus adjustable balanced, and then automatically adjust electricity
The calorific value of the equal balance system in pond, and finally control effectively to the temperature of battery equalization system.
Referring to Fig. 6, for active equalization, balance module includes in parallel with each of battery pack single battery 95
Charging paths 94, charging paths 94 and single battery 95 correspond, and each charging paths 94 are all connected to generator 92, hair
Motor 92 is connect with engine 91 by gear mechanism.
For needing to carry out the single battery to be equalized of active equalization, control module control and the single battery pair to be equalized
The charging paths 94 answered are connected.When engine 91 rotates, then generator 92 is driven to generate electricity, thus by 92 electricity amount of generator
It is conveyed to single battery to be equalized, increases the electricity of the single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Fig. 6, when generator 92 is alternating current generator, balance module further includes and the concatenated rectifier of generator 92
93, each charging paths 130 are connected the rectifier 132.It is converted by the alternating current that rectifier 93 issues generator 92
After direct current, generator 92 can be made to can be used in charging to single battery to be equalized.
Referring to Fig. 6, control module can be connected by controlling switch 96 corresponding with single battery to be equalized, so that should be to equal
The corresponding charging paths conducting of the single battery that weighs, executes the active equalization to single battery to be equalized.
In further embodiments, in addition to shown in fig. 6, charged using generator to single battery outside, can also lead to
The starting battery crossed in vehicle is that single battery to be equalized charges.
It in another embodiment,, can also will be to be equalized outside parallel resistance and single battery to be equalized in addition to shown in fig. 6
Single battery is in parallel with the starting battery of vehicle, the electricity that single battery to be equalized is released is filled with starting battery, realization is treated
It is effectively avoided energy waste while the equilibrium of balanced single battery.
As described above, in embodiment of the disclosure, multiple single batteries can share a balance module, when one shared
When having at least two section single batteries to need balanced in the more piece single battery of balance module, the balance module is balanced with needs extremely
Every section single battery in few two section single batteries alternately connects, and carries out respectively balanced.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of vehicle, including above-mentioned battery equalization system.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, it is stored thereon with computer program
Instruction, the program instruction realize above-mentioned battery equalization method when being executed by processor.
Correspondingly, the embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising: aforementioned computer readable storage medium storing program for executing；With
And one or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
The preferred embodiment of the disclosure is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the disclosure is not limited to above-mentioned reality
The detail in mode is applied, in the range of the technology design of the disclosure, a variety of letters can be carried out to the technical solution of the disclosure
Monotropic type, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the disclosure.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the disclosure to it is various can
No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
Claims (23)
1. a kind of battery equalization method characterized by comprising
Obtain the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack；
Obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate；
According to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine the single battery to be equalized
Target equilibrium duration；
According to the target equilibrium duration, the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized is controlled.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the self-discharge rate according to the single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate is referred to described, determines the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to Δ Q=Δ η × t0Determine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ η is the single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate and the self-discharge rate difference with reference between self-discharge rate, t0At the time of for last balanced terminate to it is current when
Duration between quarter；
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/I, wherein t is the target equilibrium duration, and I is the list to be equalized
The euqalizing current of body battery.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein the self discharge for obtaining each single battery in battery pack
Rate, comprising:
Under the battery pack after electricity, to each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the single battery reaches stable state
The first moment and in first moment the first open-circuit voltage values corresponding with the single battery；
When the battery pack powers on again, to each single battery in the battery pack, the single battery powers on is determined
The second open-circuit voltage values of two moment and the single battery at second moment；
According to corresponding first open-circuit voltage values of the single battery and the second open-circuit voltage values and the single battery corresponding the
Duration between one moment and the second moment determines the self-discharge rate of the single battery.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the self-discharge rate according to the single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate is referred to described, determines the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
Self-discharge rate is referred to described according to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized, determines self-discharge rate difference；
According to the preset corresponding relationship between the self-discharge rate and self-discharge rate difference duration balanced with target, institute is determined
State the target equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein described obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate, comprising:
Minimum value in the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
It is described according to the target equilibrium duration, control the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to the target equilibrium duration, the single battery charging to be equalized is controlled.
6. the method according to claim 1, wherein described obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate, comprising:
Maximum value in the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
It is described according to the target equilibrium duration, control the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
According to the target equilibrium duration, the single battery electric discharge to be equalized is controlled.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein described obtain balanced required reference self-discharge rate, comprising:
The average value of the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
It is described according to the target equilibrium duration, control the equilibrium of the single battery to be equalized, comprising:
The single battery electric discharge that self-discharge rate in the single battery to be equalized is less than the average value is controlled, and described in control
The single battery that self-discharge rate is greater than the average value in single battery to be equalized charges.
8. -7 any method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method also includes:
According to the battery parameter information of single battery each in the battery pack, the monomer to be equalized is determined from the battery pack
Battery, wherein the battery parameter information include load voltage values, SOC value, internal resistance value, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate,
And at least one of time rate of change, the voltage change ratio are used to characterize the load voltage values of single battery with physics quantitative change
The variation changing unit value and generating, the electric quantity change rate are to change the load voltage values of single battery needed for unit value to be filled with
Or release electricity, the time rate of change be make single battery load voltage values change unit value needed for charging duration or
Electric discharge duration.
9. a kind of battery equalization system characterized by comprising
Balance module, acquisition module and control module,
The acquisition module is used for: obtaining the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized in battery pack；
The control module is used for: balanced required reference self-discharge rate is obtained, and, according to the single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate and it is described refer to self-discharge rate, determine the target equilibrium duration of the single battery to be equalized；
The balance module is used for: according to the target equilibrium duration, being carried out to the single battery to be equalized balanced.
10. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
According to Δ Q=Δ η × t0Determine that electricity is poor, wherein Δ Q is that the electricity is poor, and Δ η is the single battery to be equalized
Self-discharge rate and the self-discharge rate difference with reference between self-discharge rate, t0At the time of for last balanced terminate to it is current when
Duration between quarter；
The target equilibrium duration is determined according to t=Δ Q/I, wherein t is the target equilibrium duration, and I is the list to be equalized
The euqalizing current of body battery.
11. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the acquisition module is used for:
Under the battery pack after electricity, to each single battery in the battery pack, determine that the single battery reaches stable state
The first moment and in first moment the first open-circuit voltage values corresponding with the single battery；
When the battery pack powers on again, to each single battery in the battery pack, the single battery powers on is determined
The second open-circuit voltage values of two moment and the single battery at second moment；
According to corresponding first open-circuit voltage values of the single battery and the second open-circuit voltage values and the single battery corresponding the
Duration between one moment and the second moment determines the self-discharge rate of the single battery.
12. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Self-discharge rate is referred to described according to the self-discharge rate of the single battery to be equalized, determines self-discharge rate difference；And
According to the preset corresponding relationship between the self-discharge rate difference and self-discharge rate difference duration balanced with target, institute is determined
State the target equilibrium duration of single battery to be equalized.
13. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Minimum value in the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
The balance module is used for:
According to the target equilibrium duration, charge to the single battery to be equalized.
14. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
Maximum value in the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
The balance module is used for:
According to the target equilibrium duration, discharge the single battery to be equalized.
15. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
The average value of the self-discharge rate of single battery each in the battery pack is determined as described with reference to self-discharge rate；
The balance module is used for:
The single battery for being less than the average value to self-discharge rate in the single battery to be equalized discharges, and to described to equal
The single battery that self-discharge rate is greater than the average value in the single battery of weighing apparatus charges.
16. according to any battery equalization system of claim 9-15, which is characterized in that the control module is used for:
According to the battery parameter information of single battery each in the battery pack, the monomer to be equalized is determined from the battery pack
Battery, wherein the battery parameter information include load voltage values, SOC value, internal resistance value, voltage change ratio, electric quantity change rate,
And at least one of time rate of change, the voltage change ratio are used to characterize the load voltage values of single battery with physics quantitative change
The variation changing unit value and generating, the electric quantity change rate are to change the load voltage values of single battery needed for unit value to be filled with
Or release electricity, the time rate of change be make single battery load voltage values change unit value needed for charging duration or
Electric discharge duration.
17. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module by channel with
Acquisition module corresponding to same single battery is connected with balance module,
The control module is used for when determination does not need to carry out balanced with the single battery that the control module connects, described in control
Control module is connected with corresponding sampling module；Alternatively,
The control module is also used to the acquisition when the single battery determined with the control module connects needs progress balanced
Channel described in module and the balance module time-sharing multiplex.
18. battery equalization system according to claim 17, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip,
The control chip is by a pin and one channel and corresponding to the acquisition module and equilibrium model of same single battery
Block connection.
19. battery equalization system according to claim 9, which is characterized in that the control module passes through two channels point
It is not connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery.
20. battery equalization system according to claim 19, which is characterized in that the control module includes control chip,
The control chip is connect with the acquisition module and balance module for corresponding to same single battery respectively by two pins, described
Two pins and described two channels correspond.
21. a kind of computer readable storage medium, is stored thereon with computer program instructions, which is characterized in that the program instruction
Claim 1-8 described in any item methods are realized when being executed by processor.
22. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising
Computer readable storage medium described in claim 21；And
One or more processor, for executing the program in the computer readable storage medium.
23. a kind of vehicle, which is characterized in that the vehicle includes: battery pack and the described in any item electricity of claim 9-20
The equal balance system in pond.
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| CN111323713A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-06-23 | Oppo（重庆）智能科技有限公司 | Battery testing method, testing device, production system and readable storage medium |
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