CN110014112A - A kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and method - Google Patents
A kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110014112A CN110014112A CN201910434323.4A CN201910434323A CN110014112A CN 110014112 A CN110014112 A CN 110014112A CN 201910434323 A CN201910434323 A CN 201910434323A CN 110014112 A CN110014112 A CN 110014112A
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- forging stock
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/06—Heating or cooling methods or arrangements specially adapted for performing forging or pressing operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and method.Mold includes: upper die component, lower mold assemblies, formed punch, cavity plate and the pulse power.Upper die component includes punch fixing plate, and formed punch is inlaid on punch fixing plate；Lower mold assemblies include cavity plate fixed block, and cavity plate is fixedly arranged on cavity plate fixed block, and the type chamber of cavity plate is located at the underface of formed punch, and type chamber is for accommodating forging stock to be formed；One end of the pulse power is electrically connected with punch fixing plate, and the other end of the pulse power is electrically connected with cavity plate fixed block.The present invention quickly heats forging stock to be formed using pulse current, and heating time is short, and temperature rise amount is big, and die forming is high-efficient, can greatly improve the production efficiency of small thin and long shafts part and form quality, reduce production cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to small thin and long shafts part molding fields, assist microsecond delay mould more particularly to a kind of pulse current
Tool and method.
Background technique
Small thin and long shafts part connects as micro-satellite cluster transmission shaft, biomedical implant and microelectronic component
Fitting etc. has extensive use demand.Wherein, micro-satellite cluster transmission shaft and biomedical implant part mainly use titanium
The high intensity difficult-to-machine material such as alloy and high temperature alloy, machining deformation springback capacity is big, and cutting ability is poor, and machining accuracy is difficult to protect
Card, and temperature-room type plasticity is poor, and this proposes harshness to Plastic microforming process, mold design and loading method etc. and wants
It asks, so that being difficult to realize by the microsecond delay technology that mold applies load merely.Currently, general using conventional hot forming work
Skill shapes small thin and long shafts part.But that there are heating speeds is slow, die life is low, elongated for conventional high temperature forming technology
Axis squeezes the problems such as being easy cracking.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and methods, and heating time is short, temperature rise amount
Greatly, forming efficiency is high, can greatly improve the production efficiency of small thin and long shafts part, reduces production cost.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following schemes:
A kind of pulse current assists microsecond delay mold, the mold include: upper die component, lower mold assemblies, formed punch, cavity plate and
The pulse power；Wherein,
The upper die component includes punch fixing plate, and the formed punch is inlaid on the punch fixing plate；
The lower mold assemblies include cavity plate fixed block, and the cavity plate is fixedly arranged on the cavity plate fixed block, and the cavity plate
Type chamber be located at the underface of the formed punch, the type chamber is for accommodating forging stock to be formed；
One end of the pulse power is electrically connected with the punch fixing plate, the other end of the pulse power with it is described recessed
The electrical connection of mould fixed block.
Optionally, the mold further includes limited post, and the limited post is arranged in the punch fixing plate and the cavity plate
Between fixed block.
Optionally, the cavity plate includes fixed die plate insert and detachable die plate insert, the inner wall of the fixed die plate insert
Inner wall docking with the detachable die plate insert forms the type chamber.
Optionally, the lower mold assemblies further include: lower bolster, lower insulation plate, lower template, level-one mandril, second level mandril, wedge
Shape sliding block and push rod；Wherein,
The cavity plate fixed block, the lower bolster, the lower insulation plate and the lower template are from top to bottom sequentially overlapped and set
It sets, the detachable die plate insert is detachably connected on the cavity plate fixed block, and the lower end of the fixed die plate insert is inlaid in
The upper surface of the lower bolster；
The region of type chamber described in the lower bolster face offers lower bolster through-hole, and the lower bolster through-hole is for accommodating institute
State level-one mandril；
The lower insulation plate through-hole with the lower bolster through-hole face is offered on the lower insulation plate, the second level mandril
One end is located in the lower insulation plate through-hole, and the other end of the second level mandril is fixed on the wedge block, the wedge shape
Sliding block is located in the cavity of the lower template, and the inclined-plane of the push rod and the wedge block is slidably connected.
Optionally, the mold further includes four guide sleeves and four guide posts, and four guide sleeves are symmetrical with the formed punch
On the cope plate, the upper end of each guide sleeve is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the cope plate center symmetric setting,
The upper end of each guide post is inserted into respectively in the lower end of a guide sleeve, the lower end of each guide post with it is described under
The upper surface of template is fixedly connected.
A kind of pulse current auxiliary micro-forming method, the method are used for the mold, which comprises
The upper die component is connect with press device, forging stock to be formed is placed in the type chamber；
Start the press device, the press device downlink drives formed punch to move downward so that the formed punch with it is described
There are precharge pressures between the upper surface of forging stock to be formed；
Starting impulse power supply heats the forging stock to be formed, maintains the temperature of the forging stock to be formed pre-
Figuration temperature；
Controlling the press device downlink drives the formed punch to continue to move downward, and makes the forging stock to be formed full of described
Type chamber.
Optionally, the pressure that the upper surface that the precharge pressure is applied to the forging stock to be formed generates is 3-5MPa.
Optionally, the predetermined forming temperature is greater than the recrystallization temperature of the forging stock to be formed, and lower than it is described at
The fusing point of die forging base.
The specific embodiment provided according to the present invention, the invention discloses following technical effects:
Pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold provided by the invention and method carry out forging stock to be formed using pulse current
Quickly heating, heating time is short, and temperature rise amount is big, and die forming is high-efficient, can greatly improve the life of small thin and long shafts part
Efficiency is produced, production cost is reduced.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without any creative labor, can also be according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that a kind of pulse current provided in an embodiment of the present invention assists microsecond delay mold；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of detachable die plate insert provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of level-one mandril provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of second level mandril provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that a kind of pulse current provided in an embodiment of the present invention assists micro-forming method；
Fig. 6 is the three dimensional structure diagram of dental implant provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts every other
Embodiment shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and methods, and heating time is short, temperature rise amount
Greatly, forming efficiency is high, can greatly improve the production efficiency of small thin and long shafts part, reduces production cost.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specific real
Applying mode, the present invention is described in further detail.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart that a kind of pulse current provided in an embodiment of the present invention assists microsecond delay mold.As shown in Figure 1,
A kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold, the mold include: upper die component, lower mold assemblies, formed punch 5, cavity plate and pulse electricity
Source 15.
The upper die component includes punch fixing plate 4, and the formed punch 5 is inlaid on the punch fixing plate 4.
The lower mold assemblies include cavity plate fixed block 8, and the cavity plate is fixedly arranged on the cavity plate fixed block 8, and described recessed
The type chamber of mould is located at the underface of the formed punch 5, and the type chamber is for accommodating forging stock 9 to be formed.
One end of the pulse power 15 is electrically connected with the punch fixing plate 4, the other end of the pulse power 15 with
The cavity plate fixed block 8 is electrically connected.In the present embodiment, one end of the first conducting wire 14 passes through a terminal and punch fixing plate
4 connections, the other end of the first conducting wire 14 are connect with one end of the pulse power 15, and one end of the second conducting wire 16 is connect by a conducting wire
Head is connect with cavity plate fixed block 8, and the other end of the second conducting wire 16 is connect with the other end of the pulse power 15.Pulse power electric current frequency
Rate is 100-1000Hz, current density 10-500A/mm2。
In order to guarantee there is enough safe distances between upper die component and lower mold assemblies, the mold further includes limited post
6, the limited post 6 is arranged between the punch fixing plate 5 and the cavity plate fixed block 8.In the present embodiment, the limited post
6 quantity is two, and two limited posts 6 are symmetricly set on the two sides of the formed punch 5.
The cavity plate includes fixed die plate insert 10 and detachable die plate insert 7, the anchor as a preferred method,
The docking of the inner wall of the inner wall of mould insert 10 and the detachable die plate insert 7 forms the type chamber for accommodating forging stock 9 to be formed.This reality
It applies in example, detachable die plate insert 7 and fixed die plate insert 10 pass through lock precision positioning.
In the present embodiment, the upper die component further includes cope plate 1, upper insulation plate 2 and upper padding plate 3, cope plate 1, it is upper absolutely
Listrium 2, upper padding plate 3, punch fixing plate 4 and limited post 6 are from top to bottom sequentially overlapped setting, cope plate 1 by screw and it is upper absolutely
Listrium 2 is detachably connected, and upper insulation plate 2 is connect by screw with impulsion fixed plate 4, and the upper end of formed punch 5 passes through punch fixing plate 4
It is inlaid in the middle part of 3 lower surface of upper padding plate afterwards.Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of detachable die plate insert provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Further, the lower mold assemblies further include: lower bolster 12, lower insulation plate 13, lower template 20, level-one mandril 11,
Second level mandril 17, wedge block 18 and push rod 19.Cavity plate fixed block 8, the lower bolster 12, the lower insulation plate 13 and it is described under
Template 20 is from top to bottom sequentially overlapped setting, and lower template 20 is detachably connected by screw with lower insulation plate 13, lower insulation plate 13
It is detachably connected by screw and cavity plate fixed block 8.For detachable die plate insert 7 by locating location, the detachable die plate insert 7 is logical
It crosses bolt to be detachably connected on the cavity plate fixed block 8, the lower end of the fixed die plate insert 10 is inlaid in the lower bolster
12 upper surface, and it is fixed by cavity plate fixed block 8.Cavity plate fixed block 8 is removable by the upper surface of screw and lower insulation plate 13
Unload connection.
The region of type chamber described in 12 face of lower bolster offers lower bolster through-hole, and the lower bolster through-hole is for accommodating
The level-one mandril 11.The lower insulation plate through-hole with the lower bolster through-hole face is offered on the lower insulation plate 13, it is described
One end of second level mandril 17 is located in the lower insulation plate through-hole, and it is sliding that the other end of the second level mandril 17 is fixed on the wedge shape
On block 18, the wedge block 18 is located in the cavity of the lower template 20, and the push rod 19 is oblique with the wedge block 18
Face is slidably connected, and adjusts the height of wedge block 18 by moving horizontally for push rod 19.Fig. 3 is provided in an embodiment of the present invention
The structural schematic diagram of level-one mandril.Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of second level mandril provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, push rod 19 is located in the cavity of lower template 20, and the water of push rod 19 is adjusted by the bolt on both sides
Prosposition is set.Level-one mandril 11 and second level mandril 17 be it is discontiguous, after part forming by adjust push rod 19 position, push
Sliding block 18 moves up, and then second level mandril 17 is made to push level-one mandril 11, and level-one mandril 11 ejects part.
As a preferred embodiment, the mold further include four guide sleeve (not shown) and four guide posts (in figure not
Display), four guide sleeves are that symmetrical centre is symmetricly set on the cope plate 1 with the formed punch 5, each guide sleeve
Upper end is fixedly connected with the lower surface of the cope plate 1, and the upper end of each guide post is inserted into the guide sleeve respectively
Lower end in, the lower end of each guide post is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the lower template 20.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart that a kind of pulse current provided in an embodiment of the present invention assists micro-forming method.The method is used
In the mold, as shown in Figure 5, which comprises
Step 201: the upper die component being connect with press device, forging stock to be formed is placed in the type chamber.
Step 202: starting the press device, the press device downlink drives formed punch to move downward, so that the punching
There are precharge pressures between head and the upper surface of the forging stock to be formed.The precharge pressure is applied to the forging stock to be formed
The pressure that upper surface generates is 3-5MPa.
Step 203: starting impulse power supply heats the forging stock to be formed, makes the temperature of the forging stock to be formed
Maintain predetermined forming temperature.The predetermined forming temperature is greater than the recrystallization temperature of the forging stock to be formed, and lower than described
The fusing point of forging stock to be formed.
Step 204: controlling the press device downlink and the formed punch is driven to continue to move downward, make the forging stock to be formed
Full of the type chamber.
The pure titanium dental implant preparation of Ultra-fine Grained is more difficult, and the deformation difficulty of pure titanium is larger, and machining deformation springback capacity is big, needs
It to shape at a higher temperature, but heating time is too long in electric furnace, ultra-fine grain can grow up, and influence the various aspects of implant
Performance.The characteristics of titanium dental implant pure for Ultra-fine Grained, uses a kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mould provided by the invention
Tool and method, can be such that heating time sharply shortens, to ensure that the properties of implant.Below with the pure titanium tooth of Ultra-fine Grained
For the forming of section's implant, specific implementation process of the invention is introduced:
Step 1: mold is installed on press device, then detachable die plate insert 7 is mounted on cavity plate fixed block 10,
Then the suitably pure titanium blank 9 of size is placed in concave die cavity.Pure titanium blank 9 selects the pure titanium forging stock of TA1, a diameter of
2mm, a length of 18mm.Start press machine manual mode, press device downlink drives formed punch 5 to move downward and connects with 9 upper surface of blank
Touching, when press force sensor is that 10-20N makes to stop, to guarantee that formed punch 5 compresses blank 9.
Step 2: the pulse power 15 is connected on punch fixing plate 4 and cavity plate fixed block 8 by conducting wire, starting impulse
Power supply 15 is arranged current parameters, heats to pure titanium forging stock 9, keep the temperature after reaching predetermined forming temperature.Pulse power electric current
Frequency is 200Hz, current density 280-350A/mm2.Forming temperature is 880-950 DEG C, soaking time 0.5-2min, excellent
The soaking time of choosing is 1min.
In practical application, usable infrared radiation thermometer measures the real time temperature of pure titanium forging stock.It can also be on the pulse power
Different output electric currents is set, and after a certain period of time to blank heating, blank temperature can tend towards stability electric current, reach a fixed value.
Different electric currents corresponds to different equilibrium temperatures, and suitable electric current is selected to heat, and can reach desired set temperature after stablizing.
Step 3: drafts and movement speed is arranged in starting press machine automatic control mode, and formed punch 5 applies forging stock 9 and makees
Firmly, make blank 9 full of mold cavity.
Since the volume of type chamber is it is known that calculating the volume of blank, can calculate blank full of mold cavity makes base
The volume under pressure of material.Part forming can also be simulated with software, obtain required maximum pressure, setting upper pressure limit is come in experiment
Limit, when reaching corresponding pressure, that is, can determine that blank fills up type chamber.
Step 4: the pulse power 15 is closed after the completion of squeezing, after cooling, 5 backhaul of formed punch is separated with cavity plate, is unloaded detachable
Die plate insert 7 is taken out the miniature parts of forming by level-one mandril 11 and second level mandril 17.
Fig. 6 is the three dimensional structure diagram of dental implant provided in an embodiment of the present invention.The head shape of dental implant
Shape can adjust according to actual needs, it is only necessary to change the cavity shape of detachable die plate insert, the head shape of implant can be with
Change.
When pulse current passes through moulding material, the parameter of the pulse power and the shape of moulding material can all influence shape material
Temperature.In general, the column billet cross section product of identical material is bigger, height is shorter, the temperature of material is then under same electric current
It is lower.Therefore, as pure titanium forging stock height reduces, cross-sectional area increases, blank temperature has apparent reduction, in order to maintain base
Expect that forming temperature in fixed interval, needs to increase accordingly pulse current value after blank temperature is lower than preset value.
The miniature axial workpiece of high length-diameter ratio such as micro-type dental implant, pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold do not need dedicated
Press device can both use on baby press, can also use in Material Testing Machine, have good applicability,
The dependence to mold assembly and equipment precision is greatly reduced, small thin and long shafts part high quality, low cost, batch are realized
Manufacture.
The auxiliary manufacturing process of pulse current is used for high length-diameter ratio axial workpiece die-forging forming by the present invention, auxiliary using pulse current
Technology is helped to be substantially reduced pure titanium material resistance of deformation, plasticity significantly improves, or even has superplastic ability, material heating speed pole
Fastly, heating speed has shortened within several seconds to a few minutes from several minutes of even a few hours of common electric furnace, substantially increases
Production efficiency reduces production cost, can shape the small longaxones parts that filling quality is good, dimensional accuracy is high.
Meanwhile mold uses dismountable die plate insert, carries out precision positioning to mold by latching, by exhausted up and down
Listrium guarantees safe insulation during electric current is passed through blank, and detachable Die Design reduces mold difficulty of processing, convenient for dress
With replacement, the service life of mold is extended, guarantees the forming accuracy of implant by concave die cavity cooperation, greatly reduces
Dependence to mold assembly and equipment precision.
Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, the highlights of each of the examples are with other
The difference of embodiment, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.
Used herein a specific example illustrates the principle and implementation of the invention, and above embodiments are said
It is bright to be merely used to help understand method and its core concept of the invention；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, foundation
Thought of the invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation manner and application range.In conclusion the content of the present specification is not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of pulse current assists microsecond delay mold, which is characterized in that the mold includes: upper die component, lower mold assemblies, punching
Head, cavity plate and the pulse power；Wherein,
The upper die component includes punch fixing plate, and the formed punch is inlaid on the punch fixing plate；
The lower mold assemblies include cavity plate fixed block, and the cavity plate is fixedly arranged on the cavity plate fixed block, and the type of the cavity plate
Chamber is located at the underface of the formed punch, and the type chamber is for accommodating forging stock to be formed；
One end of the pulse power is electrically connected with the punch fixing plate, and the other end of the pulse power and the cavity plate are solid
Determine block electrical connection.
2. mold according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mold further includes limited post, the limited post setting
Between the punch fixing plate and the cavity plate fixed block.
3. mold according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the cavity plate includes fixed die plate insert and detachable female die embedding
The inner wall docking of block, the inner wall of the fixed die plate insert and the detachable die plate insert forms the type chamber.
4. mold according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the lower mold assemblies further include: lower bolster, lower insulation plate,
Lower template, level-one mandril, second level mandril, wedge block and push rod；Wherein,
The cavity plate fixed block, the lower bolster, the lower insulation plate and the lower template are from top to bottom sequentially overlapped setting, institute
Detachable die plate insert is stated to be detachably connected on the cavity plate fixed block, the lower end of the fixed die plate insert be inlaid in it is described under
The upper surface of backing plate；
The region of type chamber described in the lower bolster face offers lower bolster through-hole, and the lower bolster through-hole is for accommodating described one
Grade mandril；
The lower insulation plate through-hole with the lower bolster through-hole face, one end of the second level mandril are offered on the lower insulation plate
In the lower insulation plate through-hole, the other end of the second level mandril is fixed on the wedge block, the wedge block
In the cavity of the lower template, the inclined-plane of the push rod and the wedge block is slidably connected.
5. mold according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the mold further includes four guide sleeves and four guide posts, and four
A guide sleeve is symmetricly set on the cope plate by symmetrical centre of the formed punch, and the upper end of each guide sleeve is and institute
The lower surface for stating cope plate is fixedly connected, and the upper end of each guide post is inserted into respectively in the lower end of a guide sleeve, often
The lower end of a guide post is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the lower template.
6. a kind of pulse current assists micro-forming method, the method is used for the described in any item molds of claim 1-5, described
Method includes:
The upper die component is connect with press device, forging stock to be formed is placed in the type chamber；
Start the press device, the press device downlink drives formed punch to move downward so that the formed punch and it is described at
There are precharge pressures between the upper surface of die forging base；
Starting impulse power supply heats the forging stock to be formed, maintains the temperature of the forging stock to be formed and makes a reservation for into
Shape temperature；
Controlling the press device downlink drives the formed punch to continue to move downward, and makes the forging stock to be formed full of the type
Chamber.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the precharge pressure is applied to the upper of the forging stock to be formed
The pressure that end face generates is 3-5MPa.
8. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized in that, the predetermined forming temperature is greater than the forging stock to be formed
Recrystallization temperature, and it is lower than the fusing point of the forging stock to be formed.
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| CN201910434323.4A CN110014112A (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | A kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and method |
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| CN201910434323.4A CN110014112A (en) | 2019-05-23 | 2019-05-23 | A kind of pulse current auxiliary microsecond delay mold and method |
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| CN111375721A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-07-07 | 哈尔滨工业大学（威海） | Device and method for preparing ultrafine crystals of material difficult to deform |
| CN115026237A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-09-09 | 河北工程大学 | Cold heading die and cold heading process |
| CN115026237B (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2023-12-19 | 河北工程大学 | Cold heading die and cold heading process |
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Application publication date: 20190716 |