CN114192712B - Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline - Google Patents
Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline Download PDFInfo
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- CN114192712B CN114192712B CN202111635489.6A CN202111635489A CN114192712B CN 114192712 B CN114192712 B CN 114192712B CN 202111635489 A CN202111635489 A CN 202111635489A CN 114192712 B CN114192712 B CN 114192712B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J13/00—Details of machines for forging, pressing, or hammering
- B21J13/02—Dies or mountings therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/08—Upsetting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/10—Piercing billets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K1/00—Making machine elements
- B21K1/14—Making machine elements fittings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K27/00—Handling devices, e.g. for feeding, aligning, discharging, Cutting-off means; Arrangement thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21K—MAKING FORGED OR PRESSED METAL PRODUCTS, e.g. HORSE-SHOES, RIVETS, BOLTS OR WHEELS
- B21K29/00—Arrangements for heating or cooling during processing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a die forging forming die and a die forging forming method for a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline, belongs to the field of die forging, and aims to improve the material utilization rate. The die comprises a bottom die, an upsetting rod and a punch rod, wherein the upsetting rod comprises a planar upsetting rod and an inclined-plane upsetting rod, and the die forging working surface of the planar upsetting rod is a horizontally arranged plane; the die forging working surface of the inclined-plane type upsetting rod is a plane obliquely arranged and is vertically arranged, and the die forging working surface of the inclined-plane type upsetting rod is obliquely and downwards arranged from the corresponding side on the inner side of the die cavity of the bottom die to the corresponding side on the outer side of the die cavity of the bottom die. The forming method comprises preparing a blank; prefabricating a vertical section and a horizontal section of the forge piece; trimming the top end face of the vertical section; forming a vertical section and a horizontal section of the forging; and correcting the outer end face of the horizontal section. The invention realizes the accurate forming of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline forging, realizes the near-net forming, improves the material utilization rate, increases the deformation degree of each part, strengthens the compaction effect and reduces the quality risk of the forging.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of die forging, and particularly relates to a die forging forming die and a die forging forming method for a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline.
Background
The large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is a core component of a power device for driving coolant circulation in a nuclear reactor, has a structure shown in figure 1, and comprises a vertical pipeline section and a horizontal pipeline section, wherein a right-angle turn is formed between the vertical pipeline section and the horizontal pipeline section, large-circular-angle transition does not exist at the turn, the cross section is suddenly changed, the shape is abnormal, the wall of the whole pipeline is thin, the size is large, the weight reaches 1t, and the manufacturing difficulty is very high. The L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is an L-shaped pipeline with the wall thickness less than or equal to 1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section of the pipeline.
According to the traditional manufacturing method of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline, a cast steel ingot is manufactured in a free forging mode, in the manufacturing mode, the forging piece is difficult to forge and compact thoroughly, and an inner cavity cannot be forged, so that on one hand, the effective section of the forging piece is invisibly increased, and the quality risk of the forging piece is increased; on the other hand, the increase of ingot shape of steel ingot also leads to the reduction of material utilization rate, the large machining cutting amount after forging, and the increase of manufacturing cost and manufacturing period of forging.
In order to avoid the above drawbacks of the free forging method, a die forging manufacturing method is also provided, that is, a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline forging is formed through a die, as shown in fig. 2, the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline forging 7 has a similar appearance to that of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline, the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline forging 7 includes a vertical section 7A and a horizontal section 7B which are perpendicular to each other, and a blind hole 7C which is vertically recessed downward is formed in the vertical section 7A.
Such as: the invention discloses a die forging forming die and a die forging forming method for an ultra-large elbow bend, which have the application number of CN202110006778.3, and discloses a die forging forming process for the ultra-large elbow bend. On the basis of determining the shape characteristics of the right-angle elbow, the shape of a blank is designed; forging and forming a front blank in a die by using a special die; putting the blank into another specially-made die cavity, forming a horizontal section of a forge piece through upsetting rods and side plugs, and prefabricating a vertical section; and then forming a vertical section with a blind hole of the forge piece by using a punch, and sequentially carrying out quenching and tempering heat treatment, semi-finishing, flaw detection and finishing to obtain the right-angle elbow. The patent only provides a method for forming the right-angle elbow, and the size control of the end faces of the horizontal section and the vertical section of the forge piece cannot be accurately controlled. On the one hand, this patent sets up the end cap in order prefabricated horizontal hole at horizontal mouthpiece terminal surface to set up the end cap into the eccentric structure of terminal surface down, but the mould effect that fills of horizontal mouthpiece side top is greatly influenced to this structure equally, makes horizontal mouthpiece go up along forming very big natural circular arc, leads to the blank to lack the meat. Although the end face of the patent is also provided with a compensation structure (the diameter of a die cavity in the compensation range of the end face is increased), the effect of relieving the meat deficiency of the blank is very small; on the other hand, after the vertical section is punched and formed by the method, a better end face condition can be shown under the condition of thick wall, but the end face is formed into a horseshoe shape due to the friction condition difference under the condition of neglecting the thin wall, so that the forging blank on the low point side is lack of meat.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem of forming the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline and the problem of accurately controlling the sizes of the end surfaces of the vertical section and the horizontal section, greatly improves the material utilization rate and realizes the accurate forming of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the die forging forming die for the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline comprises a bottom die, upsetting rods and a punch stem, wherein a die cavity matched with the outline shape of an L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline blank is arranged in the bottom die, each upsetting rod comprises a planar upsetting rod and an inclined-plane upsetting rod which are independently arranged, and the die forging working face of the planar upsetting rod is a horizontally arranged plane; the die forging working face of the inclined plane type upsetting rod is a plane obliquely arranged, and the die forging working face of the inclined plane type upsetting rod is obliquely and downwards arranged from the corresponding side on the inner side of the die cavity of the bottom die to the corresponding side on the outer side of the die cavity of the bottom die along the vertical inclined plane type upsetting rod.
Further, the bottom die comprises an inner die and an outer die, and the outer die is sleeved outside the inner die;
the die cavity is arranged in the inner die and comprises a vertical die cavity section with the vertically arranged top end penetrating through the top wall of the inner die and a horizontal die cavity section with the horizontally arranged outer end penetrating through the side wall of the inner die; the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section extends to the inner side face of the outer die, the inner side face of the outer die is a vertical plane, and the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section is blocked by the inner side face of the outer die to form a horizontal section forming area.
Further, the length of the horizontal die cavity section of the inner die is L1, and the length of the horizontal section of the forming forge piece of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is L2, then: l1= L2+ 30-50 mm.
Furthermore, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the die forging working surface of the inclined-plane type upsetting rod is 50-100 mm.
A die forging forming method of a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline,
designing a forming forge piece and a die forging forming die according to the structural characteristics of the part of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline; the forming forge piece comprises a vertical section, a horizontal section and a blind hole arranged in the vertical section;
preparing a blank;
prefabricating a vertical section and a horizontal section of a formed forging piece:
placing the blank into a vertical die cavity section of the inner die, and performing primary upsetting on the blank by using a planar upsetting rod, wherein the primary upsetting stroke is L3= L0-200mm; the L0 is a plane upsetting rod for upsetting the blank so that the horizontal die cavity section is just fully filled with the required stroke;
trimming the top end face of the vertical section:
the inclined-plane type upsetting rod is adopted to replace a plane type upsetting rod for fine upsetting, the fine upsetting stroke is 100mm, and the top end of the vertical section is an inclined plane which is gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside;
forming a vertical section and a horizontal section of the formed forging piece:
replacing the punch rod, and vertically punching downwards to form a blind hole, wherein the diameter and the length of the blind hole meet the requirements of a finished product of the formed forged piece, so as to obtain the formed forged piece;
and correcting the outer end surface of the horizontal section to ensure that the outer end surface of the horizontal section is a plane which is horizontally vertical to the horizontal section.
Further, the preparation steps of the blank are as follows:
upsetting the steel ingot with the as-cast structure, performing solid drawing after upsetting, and taking a part with better quality after drawing to obtain a cylindrical blank;
and processing the cylindrical blank to obtain a blank.
Further, the blank is cylindrical, the periphery of the lower end face of the blank is a round angle, and the diameter of the round angle is 1/to 1/4 of the diameter of the blank; and a chamfer is arranged on the periphery of the upper end surface of the blank.
Further, the step of correcting the outer end face of the horizontal section comprises the following steps:
taking out the formed workpiece from the internal mold, vertically placing a horizontal section nozzle of the formed workpiece upwards, and locally heating the horizontal section nozzle within 100mm of the end face;
and (3) spreading and pressing the heating area by using an upper flat anvil, wherein the pressing amount is 30-50 mm, the spreading and pressing amount is 1/4-1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section, and a natural fillet is formed on the outer end surface of the horizontal section, so that the size of the horizontal section of the formed forging meets the requirement of a finished product of the formed forging.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the invention discloses a precise forming method of a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline, which adopts a plane type upsetting rod to carry out preliminary upsetting and then utilizes an inclined plane type upsetting rod to carry out precise upsetting, so that the end surface of a vertical section is precisely controlled; the horizontal die cavity section is filled with the blank after the planar upsetting rod, the inclined plane upsetting rod and the punch are formed, so that the end surface of the horizontal section is accurately controlled, the accurate forming of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline forming forge piece is realized, the near-net forming is realized, the utilization rate of materials is improved, the manufacturing cost is reduced, and the manufacturing period is greatly shortened.
The upsetting and drawing-out during the blank manufacturing process enables the original steel ingot to become compact after upsetting and drawing-out. And the subsequent process of expanding and pressing the end surface of the horizontal section is carried out again, so that the deformation degree of each part is increased, the compaction effect is strengthened, and the quality risk of the formed forged piece is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tube;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tube forming forging;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a die forging and forming die for a large L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipeline;
FIG. 4 is a schematic illustration of a blank;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a preliminary upsetting performed by the die forging forming die of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a secondary upsetting performed by the die forging forming die of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a punch hole using the die forging die of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the L0 mark;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a horizontal segment heater;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a horizontal segment of an end face being expanded;
fig. 11 is a right side view of fig. 10.
In the figure, a plane type upsetting rod 1, an inclined plane type upsetting rod 2, a punch 3, an inner die 4, a vertical die cavity section 4A, a horizontal die cavity section 4B, an outer die 5, a blank 6, a round angle 6A, a chamfer 6B, a forming forge piece 7, a vertical section 7A, a horizontal section 7B, a blind hole 7C, an upper flat anvil 8 and a heating device 9.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the die forging forming die for the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline comprises a bottom die, upsetting rods and a punch 3, wherein a die cavity matched with the outline shape of an L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline blank is arranged in the bottom die, each upsetting rod comprises a planar upsetting rod 1 and an inclined-plane upsetting rod 2 which are independently arranged, and the die forging working surface of the planar upsetting rod 1 is a horizontally arranged plane; the die forging working face of the inclined plane type upsetting rod 2 is a plane obliquely arranged, and the die forging working face of the vertical inclined plane type upsetting rod 2 is downwards arranged from the corresponding side on the inner side of the die cavity of the bottom die to the corresponding side on the outer side of the die cavity of the bottom die in an inclined mode.
The forging forming die of the existing ultra-large elbow bend has only one type of upsetting rod, namely a horizontal upsetting rod arranged on the horizontal forging working face, the upsetting rod is adopted to complete upsetting operation in the whole forging process, the end face after the upsetting process is completed is a horizontal plane, in the subsequent punching forming process of the punch 3, a blank is upwards and reversely extruded to form a hole, and the original horizontal end face is changed into a horseshoe shape due to the fact that the hole wall is thin and the friction conditions of the inner side and the outer side are different, and one side of the blank of a formed forging piece is short of meat.
As shown in fig. 5, 6 and 7, the die forging forming die for the large L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipeline disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the plane-type upsetting rod 1 with the forging working surface being a horizontal plane and the inclined-plane-type upsetting rod 2 with the forging working surface being an inclined plane are arranged to work in a matching manner, the plane-type upsetting rod 1 can be firstly used for preliminarily upsetting, the vertical section 7A and the horizontal section 7B of the forged piece 7 are prefabricated and formed, then the inclined-plane-type upsetting rod 2 is used for upsetting, so that the top surface of the vertical section 7A is inclined downwards from the inner side to the outer side, the difference of friction conditions at two sides is compensated, the U-shaped degree of the end surface of the vertical section after punching forming is relieved, blanks flow upwards to the same height as much as possible in the subsequent punching forming process of the punch 3, and the size of the end surface of the vertical section 7A is accurately controlled.
In the existing die forging forming die for the ultra-large elbow bend, the outer end of the horizontal cavity section 4B of the inner die 4 is provided with a plug, so that a larger natural arc is formed on the upper edge of the horizontal section 7B of the forming forge piece 7 to cause the outer end of the horizontal section 7B to be short of meat, and in order to avoid the problem that the outer end surface of the horizontal section 7B is not full, in the invention, the bottom die comprises the inner die 4 and the outer die 5, and the outer die 5 is sleeved outside the inner die 4; the die cavity is arranged in the inner die 4 and comprises a vertical die cavity section 4A with the vertically arranged top end penetrating through the top wall of the inner die 4 and a horizontal die cavity section 4B with the horizontally arranged outer end penetrating through the side wall of the inner die 4; the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section 4B extends to the inner side face of the outer die 5, the inner side face of the outer die 5 is a vertical plane, and the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section 4B is blocked by the inner side face of the outer die 5 to form a horizontal section forming area. Namely, the plug is eliminated from the horizontal cavity section 4B, the inner side surface of the outer mold 5 is directly used as a plug, and then the natural fillet formed at the end of the horizontal section 7B is greatly reduced compared with the natural fillet formed by the plug, so that the elimination of the natural fillet formed by the end surface of the horizontal section 7B is facilitated.
Because the horizontal end face can not avoid producing natural round angle in the filling process, if the length of the horizontal die cavity section 4B of the inner die 4 is equal to the length of the horizontal section of the forming forge piece, the blank can lack meat. In order to effectively eliminate natural fillets, optimally, the length of a horizontal die cavity section 4B of the inner die 4 is L1, and the length of a horizontal section of a forming forge piece of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is L2, then: l1= L2+ 30-50 mm.
Preferably, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the swaging operation surface of the slope-type upsetting rod 2 is 50 to 100mm.
A die forging forming method of a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline,
designing a forming forge piece 7 and the die forging forming die according to the structural characteristics of the part of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline; the forming forge piece 7 comprises a vertical section 7A, a horizontal section 7B and a blind hole 7C arranged in the vertical section 7A.
Preparing a blank 6;
prefabricating a vertical section and a horizontal section of a formed forging piece:
placing the blank 6 into a vertical die cavity section 4A of the inner die 4, and performing primary upsetting on the blank 6 by using the planar upsetting rod 1, wherein the primary upsetting stroke is L3= L0- (150-250) mm; as shown in fig. 8, L0 is a stroke required for the flat upsetting rod 1 to upset the blank 6 so that the horizontal impression section 4B is just completely filled;
trimming the top end face of the vertical section:
replacing the flat-type upsetting rod 1 with the inclined-plane-type upsetting rod 2 to perform fine upsetting, wherein the fine upsetting stroke is 100mm, so that the top end of the vertical section is an inclined plane gradually inclined downwards from inside to outside;
forming a vertical section and a horizontal section of the formed forging piece:
replacing the punch 3, and vertically punching downwards to form a blind hole 7C, wherein the diameter and the length of the blind hole 7C meet the requirements of a finished product of a formed forged piece, so as to obtain the formed forged piece;
and correcting the outer end surface of the horizontal section to ensure that the outer end surface of the horizontal section is a plane which is horizontally vertical to the horizontal section.
The plane type upsetting rod 1, the inclined plane type upsetting rod 2 and the punch 3 are assembled as shown in figure 2 and then fixed on an upper movable platform of a press; after the inner die 4 and the outer die 5 are assembled as shown in fig. 2, the inner die 4 and the outer die 5 are fixed on a lower movable platform of a press, the lower movable platform horizontally slides to the left to the outside of a working interval, the heated formed blank 6 is placed in the inner die 4, the lower movable platform horizontally slides to the right under the plane type upsetting rod 1 to enable a vertical die cavity section 4A of the inner die 4 to be superposed with the central axis of the plane type upsetting rod 1, the lower movable platform moves upwards to enable the plane type upsetting rod 1 to extend into the inner die 4, and the formed blank 6 is subjected to in-die upsetting, wherein the in-die upsetting stroke = stroke for upsetting to enable the horizontal section to be completely filled to 200mm, and a vertical section 7A and a horizontal section 7B of a prefabricated formed forging 7 are shown in fig. 5.
The lower movable platform moves downwards to the lowest position, the plane-type upsetting rod 1 is separated from the inner die 4, the upper movable platform slides leftwards to enable the inclined plane-type upsetting rod 2 to coincide with the central axis of the vertical section of the inner die 4, the lower point of the bottom surface is opposite to the outer side of the inner die 4 on the bottom surface of the inclined plane-type upsetting rod 2, and the lower point of the bottom surface is opposite to the inner side of the inner die 4. The lower movable platform moves upwards to enable the inclined plane type upsetting rod 2 to extend into the inner die 4, upsetting is carried out on a formed blank in the die, the stroke of upsetting in the die is 100mm, the blank continuously fills the horizontal section of the inner die 4, meanwhile, the end face of the vertical section 7A is prefabricated into an inclined plane with a high inner side and a low outer side, as shown in figure 6,
the lower movable platform moves downwards to the lowest position, the inclined plane type upsetting rod 2 is separated from the inner die 4, the upper movable platform slides leftwards to enable the central axis of the vertical section of the punch rod 3 and the inner die 4 to coincide, the lower movable platform moves upwards to enable the punch rod 3 to extend into the inner die 4, the blank continues to be filled into the inner die 4 to form a horizontal section, meanwhile, the vertical section enables the blank to be extruded upwards under the action of the punch rod to form a blind hole, and the height of the vertical section 7A reaches the size requirement of a formed forged piece, and the figure 7 is shown.
The lower movable platform moves downwards to the lowest position, the plunger 3 is separated from the inner die 4, the inner die 4 and the outer sleeve 5 on the lower movable platform are disassembled, the formed blank is taken out, after the blank is completely cooled to the room temperature, the formed blank is rotated by 90 degrees, the pipe nozzle of the original horizontal section is vertically upwards and is placed into the supporting seat 9, the local heating device 9 is adopted to locally heat the end face of the original horizontal section within the range of 100mm to 1100 ℃, and the local heating device 9 can be a resistance wire heater and other existing structures.
And taking out the local heating device, performing expanding pressing on the end face of the heated original horizontal section by using an upper flat anvil 8, wherein the pressing amount is 30-50 mm, the anvil feeding amount of the expanding pressing is 1/4-1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section, and eliminating a natural fillet remained on the end face during in-mold forming so that the size of the original horizontal section meets the requirement of a formed forging. Finally, a large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline which is formed by profiling with full structural characteristics, meets the requirements of the sizes of all parts and has good surface quality is obtained, as shown in figures 10 and 11.
Wherein, the preparation steps of the blank 6 are as follows: upsetting the steel ingot with the as-cast structure, performing solid drawing after upsetting, and taking a part with better quality after drawing to obtain a cylindrical blank;
the cylindrical blank is processed to obtain a blank 6.
If a low alloy steel ingot is selected, the steel ingot is heated to 1250 ℃, then upsetting, drawing and deformation are carried out, the original thick cast structure of the steel ingot is forged and compacted thoroughly, the head and the tail of the steel ingot are cut off, the middle section with better quality is taken, and the middle section is machined and subjected to ultrasonic inspection to be qualified to be used as a blank 6 for forming a forming forge piece 7 of the large L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipeline.
In order to ensure that the blank 6 is smoothly filled in the forming process, the lower end face of the processed cylindrical blank 6 is rounded 6A according to 1/5-1/4 of the diameter of the blank 6. In order to avoid stress concentration, the upper end face of the blank 6 is chamfered 6B, and R is generally 30-50 mm.
Preferably, the step of modifying the outer end surface of the horizontal segment is: taking out the formed workpiece from the internal mold 4, vertically placing the horizontal section pipe nozzle of the formed workpiece upwards, and locally heating the end surface of the horizontal section pipe nozzle within 100 mm;
and (3) spreading and pressing the heating area by using an upper flat anvil 8, wherein the pressing amount is 30-50 mm, the spreading and pressing anvil amount is 1/4-1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section, and a natural fillet formed on the outer end face of the horizontal section after the punch 3 punches a hole is eliminated, so that the size of the horizontal section of the formed forge piece meets the requirement of the finished product of the formed forge piece. The nozzle end face of the horizontal section 7B is expanded and pressed, so that the compaction effect is strengthened, and the quality risk of a formed forged piece is reduced. The die forging forming method of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline, disclosed by the invention, can accurately control the size of the formed forging, improve the material utilization rate of the formed forging, reduce the manufacturing cost, greatly shorten the manufacturing period and realize near-net forming.
Claims (8)
1. Die forging forming die of large-scale L shape cavity thin-walled pipeline, including die block, mound pole and jumper bar (3), be provided with in the die block with the profile shape assorted impression of L shape cavity thin-walled pipeline blank, its characterized in that: the upsetting rod comprises a planar upsetting rod (1) and an inclined-plane upsetting rod (2) which are arranged independently, and a die forging working surface of the planar upsetting rod (1) is a horizontally arranged plane; the die forging working surface of the inclined plane type upsetting rod (2) is a plane which is obliquely arranged, and the die forging working surface of the vertical inclined plane type upsetting rod (2) is obliquely and downwards arranged from the corresponding side of the inner side of the die cavity of the bottom die to the corresponding side of the outer side of the die cavity of the bottom die;
the bottom die comprises an inner die (4) and an outer die (5), and the outer die (5) is sleeved outside the inner die (4);
the die cavity is arranged in the inner die (4) and comprises a vertical die cavity section (4A) with the top end penetrating through the top wall of the inner die (4) and a horizontal die cavity section (4B) with the outer end penetrating through the side wall of the inner die (4); the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section (4B) extends to the inner side face of the outer die (5), the inner side face of the outer die (5) is a vertical plane, and the outer end of the horizontal die cavity section (4B) is plugged by the inner side face of the outer die (5) to form a horizontal section forming area.
2. The die forging forming die for the large L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipeline, according to claim 1, wherein: the length of the horizontal die cavity section (4B) of the inner die (4) is L1, the length of the horizontal section of the forge piece of the L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is L2, and then: l1= L2+30 to 50mm.
3. The die-forging forming die for large-sized L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipes according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein: the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the die forging working surface of the inclined-surface type upsetting rod (2) is 50-100 mm.
4. The die forging forming method of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
designing a formed forging (7) and the die forging forming die according to the structural characteristics of the part of the large L-shaped hollow thin-walled pipeline, wherein the die forging forming die is as claimed in claim 3; the forming forge piece (7) comprises a vertical section (7A), a horizontal section (7B) and a blind hole (7C) arranged in the vertical section (7A);
preparing a blank (6);
prefabricating a vertical section and a horizontal section of the formed forging piece:
placing a blank (6) into a vertical die cavity section (4A) of an inner die (4), and performing primary upsetting on the blank (6) by using a plane-type upsetting rod (1), wherein the primary upsetting stroke is L3= L0- (150-250) mm; the L0 is a stroke required by the blank (6) which is subjected to upsetting by the planar upsetting rod (1) so that the horizontal impression section (4B) is just fully filled;
trimming the top end face of the vertical section:
the inclined-plane type upsetting rod (2) is adopted to replace the plane type upsetting rod (1) for fine upsetting, the fine upsetting stroke is 100mm, and the top end of the vertical section is an inclined plane which gradually inclines downwards from inside to outside;
forming a vertical section and a horizontal section of the forging piece:
replacing the punch rod (3), vertically punching downwards to form a blind hole (7C), wherein the diameter and the length of the blind hole (7C) meet the requirements of a finished product of the forged piece, and obtaining a formed forged piece;
and correcting the outer end surface of the horizontal section to ensure that the outer end surface of the horizontal section is a plane which is horizontally vertical to the horizontal section.
5. The die forging method for large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tube according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation steps of the blank (6) are as follows:
upsetting the steel ingot with the as-cast structure, performing solid drawing after upsetting, and taking a part with better quality after drawing to obtain a cylindrical blank;
and processing the cylindrical blank to obtain a blank (6).
6. The die forging method for large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tubes according to claim 5, wherein: the blank (6) is cylindrical, the periphery of the lower end face of the blank (6) is a fillet (6A), and the diameter of the fillet (6A) is 1/5-1/4 of that of the blank (6); the outer periphery of the upper end surface of the blank (6) is provided with a chamfer (6B).
7. The die forging method for large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tubes according to claim 4, wherein: the step of correcting the outer end face of the horizontal section comprises the following steps:
taking out the formed workpiece from the internal mold (4), vertically placing a horizontal section pipe nozzle of the formed workpiece upwards, and locally heating the end surface of the horizontal section pipe nozzle within 100 mm;
and (3) an upper flat anvil (8) is used for expanding and pressing the heating area, the rolling reduction is 30-50 mm, the expanding and pressing anvil amount is 1/4-1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section, and a natural fillet formed on the outer end face of the horizontal section is eliminated, so that the size of the horizontal section of the forge piece meets the requirement of the forge piece finished product.
8. The die forging method for large L-shaped hollow thin-walled tube according to claim 4, wherein: the pipe wall thickness of the large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipe forming forging is less than or equal to 1/3 of the diameter of the vertical section (7A).
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111635489.6A CN114192712B (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline |
| PCT/CN2022/085530 WO2023115752A1 (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2022-04-07 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large l-shaped hollow thin-walled pipe |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111635489.6A CN114192712B (en) | 2021-12-22 | 2021-12-22 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN114192712A CN114192712A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
| CN114192712B true CN114192712B (en) | 2023-01-20 |
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| WO (1) | WO2023115752A1 (en) |
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| CN114192712B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-01-20 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH1147870A (en) * | 1997-07-24 | 1999-02-23 | Musashi Seimitsu Ind Co Ltd | Formation of hollow member |
| CN1339343A (en) * | 2000-08-25 | 2002-03-13 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Shearing and extruding formation method for large valve body and similar parts |
| CN104690200A (en) * | 2013-12-10 | 2015-06-10 | 陕西宏远航空锻造有限责任公司 | Forging method for hollow forging |
| JP5968374B2 (en) * | 2014-07-29 | 2016-08-10 | 株式会社ヤマナカゴーキン | Manufacturing method for forged products with holes |
| CN104826972B (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2016-10-05 | 上海交通大学 | The continuous upsetting die of I shape joint and forming technology thereof |
| KR20190070412A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2019-06-21 | (주)태상 | Forged ball for ball-valve |
| CN108213295B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-16 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Ozzle forging method and nuclear power main pump pump case profiling forging technology |
| CN110449542B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-09-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Forming method of die forging with long lugs on annular outer edge |
| CN112775378B (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2023-03-24 | 中国第一重型机械股份公司 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for ultra-large type elbow |
| CN114192712B (en) * | 2021-12-22 | 2023-01-20 | 二重（德阳）重型装备有限公司 | Die forging forming die and die forging forming method for large L-shaped hollow thin-wall pipeline |
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| CN114192712A (en) | 2022-03-18 |
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