CN110012712A - A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method - Google Patents

A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110012712A
CN110012712A CN201910403139.3A CN201910403139A CN110012712A CN 110012712 A CN110012712 A CN 110012712A CN 201910403139 A CN201910403139 A CN 201910403139A CN 110012712 A CN110012712 A CN 110012712A
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fertilizer
humic acid
content
organic
mass content
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常治河
李文圣
常亮
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Nintaus Bio Chemical Co Ltd
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Nintaus Bio Chemical Co Ltd
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
    • A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
    • A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
    • C05C5/00—Fertilisers containing other nitrates
    • C05C5/02—Fertilisers containing other nitrates containing sodium or potassium nitrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
    • C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
    • C05D9/02—Other inorganic fertilisers containing trace elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
    • C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
    • C05G3/80—Soil conditioners

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Soil Sciences (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of tobacco continuous cropping to plant good quality and high output fertilizing method, comprising the following steps: (1) when site preparation, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and each 30~40 kilograms of humic acid microelement organic fertilizer are complexed in bottom application high concentration balanced type humic acid per acre；(2) when ridging, double 10~12 kilograms of potassium nitrate of ditch bottom application per acre, 25~30 kilograms of the high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of high concentration；(3) when cave is applied, 5~6 kilograms of nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer, 5~6 kilograms of organic fertilizer of high humic acid zinc boron microelement are applied per acre.The present invention can be improved fertilizer nutrient utilization, improve crop anti-adversity, reduces various continuous cropping diseases and occurs, improves yield of tobacco and quality.

Description

A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method
Technical field
The present invention relates to tobacco planting technical fields more particularly to a kind of tobacco continuous cropping to plant good quality and high output fertilizing method.
Background technique
Tobacco is a kind of special industrial crops, and influenced will be big than general crop by applying fertilizer for the superiority and inferiority of quality, cigarette Grass happiness potassium avoids chlorine and avoids continuous cropping, sensitive to zinc, likes zinc, boron, requires nitrogenous fertilizer stringent.In tobacco fertilising, need that there is cigarette strain The condition of good root system and robust growth, should guarantee to obtain bigger biomass in mid-early stage, also guarantee prosperous growth end Phase nitrogenous fertilizer is not superfluous, otherwise influences to fall Huang, reduces quality.
Continuous cropping is also named continuous cropping, refers to and continuously plants same crop on one piece of field.Many continuous croppings are shown Disease is more, poor quality, low output or decline, this is continuous cropping obstacle, is also continuous cropping problem.Through studying, the basic original of continuous cropping obstacle Because being that continuous cropping plantation necessarily will appear different degrees of germ accumulation, certainly poison accumulation, trophic disturbance.And the first business of prevention and control continuous cropping obstacle It is the scarce nutrient of supplement crop institute, swashs and give birth to beneficial bacteria, harmful bacteria is killed in suppression, improves crop anti-adversity, stimulates the prosperous hair of crop root It is deep to prick, conversion or decrease poison harm certainly；Soil is followed by improved, culture fertility builds the good growing environment of crop, and satisfaction needs fertilizer Rule, the nutrition of abundance needed for providing good quality and high output simultaneously guarantee to continue stable market supply.
In order to guarantee the quality of tobacco, Shaoshi nitrogenous fertilizer, not organic fertilizer or careful Shi Shaoliang are formd in industry for a long time Organic fertilizer thinks little of the technology mode of continuous cropping obstacle prevention and control, causes tobacco Fertilization Level relatively low, root rot, black stem, virus The diseases such as disease, leaf spot occur seriously, and yield and quality is lower, and economic benefit cannot be guaranteed.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: a kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method is provided, fertilizer is can be improved and supports Divide utilization rate, improve crop anti-adversity, reduces various continuous cropping diseases and occur, improve yield of tobacco and quality.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, including following step It is rapid:
(1) when site preparation, concentration balance type humic acid complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and humic acid are micro in bottom application per acre Each 30~40 kilograms of element organic fertilizer；
(2) when ridging, double 10~12 kilograms of potassium nitrate of ditch bottom application per acre, the high organic nothing of potassium type complexing humic acid of high concentration 25~30 kilograms of machine compound fertilizer；
(3) when cave is applied, 5~6 kilograms of nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer, high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer 5~6 are applied per acre Kilogram.
Preferably, high concentration balanced type humic acid complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer is granular fertilizer, with nutrient Content meter, it is 40~45% that N-P-K content in compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, which is complexed, in the high concentration balanced type humic acid, total rotten Phytic acid content is 13.5~15%, and the content of organic matter is 20~25%.
Preferably, the humic acid microelement organic fertilizer is granular fertilizer, in terms of nutrient content, the rotten plant Total humic acid content is 20~25% in sour microelement organic fertilizer, and the content of organic matter is 50~55%, micronutrient levels >= 5%, N-P-K content >=5%.
Preferably, the potassium nitrate is agricultural type mealy crystal, in terms of nutrient content, nitrate nitrogen in the potassium nitrate Content >=13.5%, potassium oxide content >=45%.
Preferably, the high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the high concentration is granular fertilizer, with nutrient Content meter, N-P-K content >=45% in the high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of the high concentration, total humic acid Content >=10%, the content of organic matter >=20%.
Preferably, the nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer is granular fertilizer, in terms of nutrient content, the nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer Middle nitrate nitrogen content >=15.5%, nitrogen content >=32%, phosphorus pentoxide content 4%.
Preferably, the high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer is powdered fertilizer, described in terms of nutrient content Total humic acid content >=45% in high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer, Zn content >=2.5%, boron content >=1.5% have Machine matter content >=80%, phosphorus pentoxide content >=5%, nitrogen content >=1%.
Humic acid fertilizers have aggravation effect to the activity of Soil Microorganism, and especially soil azotobacter significantly increases It is more, significantly increase the content of nitrate, the nitrogen nutrition for enriching soil improves the nutritional condition of crop root；Humic acid Complex compound can be formed with microelement such as iron, aluminium, copper, manganese, zinc existing for some difficulty soluble salt forms etc., be that these elements are dissolved in water It is absorbed by crops；It so that the fertilizer efficiency of inorganic nitrogeneous fertilizer is become " slow, steady, long " from " sudden and violent, violent, short ", improve the fertilizer efficiency of fertilizer, make it It can be fully absorbed.
The nutrient for plants potassium of potassium nitrate, nitrogen total content up to 50% or so, there are good physicochemical properties, apply Have fertilizer efficiency high for tobacco, easily absorb, promote Winter wheat, increase tobacco production, has important work to cigarette quality is improved With.
Nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer is mostly high nitrogen formula, good water solubility compared to conventional composite fertilizer, and fertilizer efficiency is fast, is conducive to phosphorus, potash fertilizer The absorption of nutrient, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, avoids or reduces the nitrite accumulation in plant, meets supporting for crop different growing stages Divide demand, can be improved crop resistance and lodging tolerance.
According to GB/T 11957-2001 standard detection total humic acid, total humic acid be containing calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, The combined acid that microelement combines in boron etc., and total humic acid content is higher, and the middle microelement contained is also more.
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. fertilizing method of the invention has used a large amount of humic acid fertilizer, organic matter and microelement, humic acid contains Microelement in a large amount of, by by humic acid, organic matter and greatly, middle and trace element be effectively complexed together with reduce nutrient flow It loses, improves nutrient effective concentration, have the function of extending fertilizer efficiency, improve soil, built good growing environment to crop, So that bottom application effect is more preferable, increases dosage and be not easy to produce fertilizer damage, improve the utilization rate of npk nutrient.
2. fertilizing method of the invention is by by humic acid, organic matter be effectively complexed with big, middle and trace element together with subtract Few nutrient loss, improves nutrient effective concentration, extends fertilizer efficiency, nutrient longer can be provided for plant growth, without chasing after Fertile and blade face supplementary fertilizer reduces artificial investment, production cost reduction, while output increased 20~50% than traditional fertilization.
3. fertilizing method of the invention has used a large amount of humic acid fertilizer, organic matter and microelement, fertilizer ratio is closed Reason efficiently, can be such that SOIL CARBON AND NITROGEN ratio tends to reasonable, soil texture is effectively improved, and soil beneficial microbe is at multiplication Add, soil-borne disease is effectively suppressed, and the enhancing of tobacco resistance reduces the weight such as tobacco mosaic virus disease, black stem, rust Stubble disease occurs, and reduces the use of pesticide, is conducive to environmental protection.
Specific embodiment
The following is a clear and complete description of the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, it is clear that described embodiment Only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, the common skill in this field Art personnel every other embodiment obtained without making creative work belongs to the model that the present invention protects It encloses.
Embodiment 1
A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, transplants 1300 tobaccos per acre, comprising the following steps:
(1) when site preparation, bottom application high concentration balanced type humic acid complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and humic acid are micro per acre Each 40 kilograms of element organic fertilizer, the two can apply together after mixing, plough soil after can also applying (no particular order) respectively Ground；
(2) when ridging, 12 kilograms of potassium nitrate of double ditch bottom application and the high potassium type complexing humic acid organic-inorganic of 30 kilograms of high concentrations Compound fertilizer, the two can apply together after mixing, can also apply (no particular order) respectively and mix afterwards with soil；
(3) when transplanting, nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer and each 6 kilograms of boron microelement organic fertilizer of high humic acid zinc are applied in cave, and the two is mixed Cave is applied after even, and Shi Shiyu diameter 20 centimetres or so transplanting cave soil in cave mix.
Remaining farming operations uses general farming operations method.
The technical indicator of fertilizer used is as follows:
1. high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator:
N P and K total content is 45%, and wherein nitrogen (in terms of purity nitrogen element), phosphorus are (with P2O5Meter), potassium is (with K2O meter) be respectively 15%, total humic acid content is 15%, the content of organic matter 22%.
2. humic acid microelement organic fertilizer technique index:
Total humic acid content is 20%, the content of organic matter 50%, micronutrient levels 5%, and N P and K total content is 5%
3. potassium nitrate technical indicator:
Nitrate nitrogen content is 13.5%, K2O content is 45%
4. the high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator of high concentration:
N P and K total content is 45%, and wherein nitrogen (in terms of purity nitrogen element), phosphorus are (with P2O5Meter), potassium is (with K2O meter) be respectively 15%, 5%, 25%, total humic acid content is 11%, the content of organic matter 22%
5. nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer technical indicator:
Total nitrogen content is 32%, and wherein nitrate nitrogen content is 15.5%, and phosphorus content is (with P2O5Meter) it is 4%
6. high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer technique index:
Total humic acid content is 45%, the content of organic matter 80%, Zn content 2.5%, boron content 1.5%, P2O5Contain Amount is 5%, nitrogen content 1%
Embodiment 2
A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method, transplants 1300 tobaccos per acre, comprising the following steps:
(1) when site preparation, concentration balance type humic acid complexing compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and humic acid are micro in bottom application per acre Each 30 kilograms of element organic fertilizer, the two can apply together after mixing, plough soil after can also applying (no particular order) respectively Ground；
(2) when ridging, 10 kilograms of potassium nitrate of double ditch bottom application and the high potassium type complexing humic acid organic-inorganic of 25 kilograms of high concentrations Compound fertilizer, the two can apply together after mixing, can also apply (no particular order) respectively and mix afterwards with soil；
(3) when transplanting, nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer and each 5 kilograms of boron microelement organic fertilizer of high humic acid zinc are applied in cave, and the two is mixed Cave is applied after even, and Shi Shiyu diameter 20 centimetres or so transplanting cave soil in cave mix.
Remaining farming operations uses general farming operations method.
The technical indicator of fertilizer used is as follows:
1. high concentration balanced type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator:
N P and K total content is 45%, and wherein nitrogen (in terms of purity nitrogen element), phosphorus are (with P2O5Meter), potassium is (with K2O meter) be respectively 15%, 14.5%, 15.5%, total humic acid content is 17%, the content of organic matter 23%.
2. humic acid microelement organic fertilizer technique index:
Total humic acid content is 21%, the content of organic matter 52%, micronutrient levels 5%, and N P and K total content is 5.4%
3. potassium nitrate technical indicator:
Nitrate nitrogen content is 13.4%, K2O content is 45.2%
4. the high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer technical indicator of high concentration:
N P and K total content is 45%, and wherein nitrogen (in terms of purity nitrogen element), phosphorus are (with P2O5Meter), potassium is (with K2O meter) be respectively 14.5%, 5.5%, 25%, total humic acid content is 13%, the content of organic matter 22%
5. nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer technical indicator:
Total nitrogen content is 32.7%, and wherein nitrate nitrogen content is 15.8%, and phosphorus content is (with P2O5Meter) it is 4.2%
6. high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer technique index:
Total humic acid content is 45.7%, the content of organic matter 82%, Zn content 2.5%, boron content 1.5%, P2O5 Content is 5%, nitrogen content 1.3%
Reference examples 1
The fertilising step of the reference examples is same as Example 1, and difference place is that fertilizer used is different, specifically: bottom Fertilising material is 50 kilograms of inorganic composite fertilizer and 4 side of sheep dung, and ditching-fertilizing material is 15 kilograms and 4 kilograms of zinc sulfate of potassium nitrate, and cave is applied Fertilizer is 8 kilograms of nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer.
The experimental result of above embodiments and reference examples is as shown in Table 1.
One control experiment tables of data of table
Above-mentioned control experiment is implemented in 4~September in 2017 in the Henan Province town Xiangcheng County Wang Luo, and tobacco bred is all made of middle cigarette It transplants within 100th, Yu Siyue 20, late August harvesting terminates.
By table one as it can be seen that watering in planting process using fertilizing method of the invention compared to conventional fertilizing method, The number of pesticide significantly reduces, and thereby reduces artificial investment and economic cost, and tobacco black shank, mosaic disease, root-rot The common tobacco diseases disease incidence such as disease is very low, and the enhancing of tobacco resistance, growing environment is good, and npk nutrient utilization rate is up to 70% or more, nutrient longer is provided for tobacco growing, without subsequent additional fertilising, nutrient flow vector is few, while mu Output increased 20~50%, High Quality Tobacco accounting also obtained significantly being promoted, and cigarette quality is high.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which comprises the following steps:
(1) when site preparation, compound organic and inorganic fertilizer and humic acid microelement is complexed in bottom application high concentration balanced type humic acid per acre Each 30~40 kilograms of organic fertilizer；
(2) when ridging, double 10~12 kilograms of potassium nitrate of ditch bottom application per acre, the high potassium type complexing humic acid organic and inorganic compound of high concentration 25~30 kilograms of complex fertilizer；
(3) when cave is applied, 5~6 kilograms of nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer is applied per acre, and high humic acid zinc boron microelement organic fertilizer 5~6 is public Jin.
2. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the height It is granular fertilizer that compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, which is complexed, in concentration balance type humic acid, in terms of nutrient content, the high concentration balance Type humic acid be complexed compound organic and inorganic fertilizer in N P and K mass content be 40~45%, total humic acid mass content be 13.5~ 15%, quality of organic matter content is 20~25%.
3. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the corruption Phytic acid microelement organic fertilizer is granular fertilizer, total rotten in the humic acid microelement organic fertilizer in terms of nutrient content Phytic acid mass content is 20~25%, and quality of organic matter content is 50~55%, microelement mass content >=5%, N P and K Mass content >=5%.
4. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the nitre Sour potassium is agricultural type mealy crystal, in terms of nutrient content, nitrate nitrogen mass content >=13.5%, potassium oxide in the potassium nitrate Mass content >=45%.
5. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the height The high potassium type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer of concentration is granular fertilizer, in terms of nutrient content, the high potassium of the high concentration N P and K mass content >=45% in type complexing humic acid compound organic and inorganic fertilizer, total humic acid mass content >=10% are organic Matter mass content >=20%.
6. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the nitre Sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer is granular fertilizer, in terms of nutrient content, nitrate nitrogen mass content in the nitre sulfenyl high nitrogen fertilizer >= 15.5%, total nitrogen mass content >=32%, phosphorus pentoxide mass content 4%.
7. a kind of tobacco continuous cropping according to claim 1 plants good quality and high output fertilizing method, which is characterized in that the height Zinc humic acid boron microelement organic fertilizer is powdered fertilizer, and in terms of nutrient content, the high humic acid zinc boron microelement has Total humic acid mass content >=45% in machine fertilizer, zinc mass content >=2.5%, boron mass content >=1.5%, quality of organic matter contain Amount >=80%, phosphorus pentoxide mass content >=5%, nitrogen mass content >=1%.
CN201910403139.3A 2019-05-15 2019-05-15 A kind of tobacco continuous cropping plantation good quality and high output fertilizing method Withdrawn CN110012712A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN103141256A (en) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-12 河南农业大学 Tobacco culturing method applying large holes for concentrated fertilization
CN104387211A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 Special nutrient package fertilizer for Honghua Dajinyuan species tobacco and preparation method thereof
CN105175100A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-12-23 郑州金正生物化工有限公司 Organic and inorganic composite fertilizer and preparation method therefor
CN105801216A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-07-27 史丹利化肥贵港有限公司 Tobacco special fertilizer
CN108440163A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-08-24 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 A kind of special set meal fertilizer of yellow earth plantation tobacco and its fertilizing method

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102267828A (en) * 2010-06-07 2011-12-07 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 Special basal fertilizer used in ecological tobacco leaf plantation
CN103141256A (en) * 2013-03-12 2013-06-12 河南农业大学 Tobacco culturing method applying large holes for concentrated fertilization
CN104387211A (en) * 2014-11-17 2015-03-04 云南省烟草公司昆明市公司 Special nutrient package fertilizer for Honghua Dajinyuan species tobacco and preparation method thereof
CN105175100A (en) * 2015-07-07 2015-12-23 郑州金正生物化工有限公司 Organic and inorganic composite fertilizer and preparation method therefor
CN105801216A (en) * 2016-04-19 2016-07-27 史丹利化肥贵港有限公司 Tobacco special fertilizer
CN108440163A (en) * 2018-06-11 2018-08-24 广西中烟工业有限责任公司 A kind of special set meal fertilizer of yellow earth plantation tobacco and its fertilizing method

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Application publication date: 20190716