CN110011703A - A kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system - Google Patents

A kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110011703A
CN110011703A CN201910459637.XA CN201910459637A CN110011703A CN 110011703 A CN110011703 A CN 110011703A CN 201910459637 A CN201910459637 A CN 201910459637A CN 110011703 A CN110011703 A CN 110011703A
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signal
cycle
voltage
wave
time
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张金木
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Fuzhou Alignment Mdt Infotech Ltd
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Fuzhou Alignment Mdt Infotech Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
    • G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
    • G01R19/2506—Arrangements for conditioning or analysing measured signals, e.g. for indicating peak values ; Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
    • G01R19/2509—Details concerning sampling, digitizing or waveform capturing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
    • G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
    • G05B19/0423—Input/output
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
    • G08C19/22—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses by varying the duration of individual pulses
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
    • G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
    • G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
    • G08C19/24—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses using time shift of pulses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
    • H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
    • H04B3/546—Combination of signalling, telemetering, protection
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/21—Pc I-O input output
    • G05B2219/21137—Analog to digital conversion, ADC, DAC
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25033—Pc structure of the system structure, control, syncronization, data, alarm, connect I-O line to interface
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
    • G05B2219/20—Pc systems
    • G05B2219/25—Pc structure of the system
    • G05B2219/25257—Microcontroller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04Q—SELECTING
    • H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
    • H04Q2209/80—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device
    • H04Q2209/82—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data
    • H04Q2209/823—Arrangements in the sub-station, i.e. sensing device where the sensing device takes the initiative of sending data where the data is sent when the measured values exceed a threshold, e.g. sending an alarm

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system, the data of measurement are uploaded to Centralized Controller by power line communication by measuring instrumentss, and a Centralized Controller is arranged in each transformer platform area.Each measuring instrumentss save the measurement data of acquisition under control synchronization time of Centralized Controller.Half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route between two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas, measurement data is summarized by the Centralized Controller of offer power line half-wave communication power supply, which accesses internet by being integrated with the Network Interface Module of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks.

Description

A kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system, measuring instrumentss lead to the data of measurement by power line Letter is uploaded to Centralized Controller, and a Centralized Controller is arranged in each transformer platform area.Each measuring instrumentss are in centralized control The lower measurement data for saving acquisition of control synchronization time of device.Road is utilized between two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas Lamp cable run realizes half wave communication of power line, summarizes measurement number by the Centralized Controller of offer power line half-wave communication power supply According to the Centralized Controller accesses internet by being integrated with the Network Interface Module of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks.
(2) background technique:
Current power line communication refers mainly to power line carrier communication and bi-directional Glenn shunt.Power line carrier communication PLC benefit Signal is transmitted by carrier system with existing power line.But distribution transformer has barrier action to power carrier signal, simultaneously Transmission has the very big loss of signal again between three-phase power line, so power carrier signal can only be in a distribution transformer platform area Transmission, and can only be transmitted in single-phase electricity line.In practical application, when power line zero load, point-to-point carrier signal can be transferred to Several kilometers, but when load is very heavy on power line, tens meters can only be transmitted, therefore power line carrier communication is only applied remote at present In journey meter reading, also need to cooperate other means of communication.
Bi-directional Glenn shunt TWACS, which is utilized, is added modulated signal in power-frequency voltage fundamental wave zero passage area, with the electricity in this region The distorted signal of pressure or current waveform carries information.TWACS system equipment exists only in substation and user terminal.Wherein by power transformation Standing to the channel of user terminal transmission is output channel, carries information using the modulation of voltage waveform, is passed from user terminal to substation Defeated channel is input channel, transmits information using the variation of current waveform.Its receiving and transmitting signal passes through coupling transformer and electricity The crosslinking of power net.
The detection of TW A CS signal is mainly based upon time-domain difference technology, these methods mostly data processing complex, in real time Property it is poor, equipment cost is high, needs to acquire a large amount of signal of multiple cycles relatively and carries out A/D conversion respectively, then carries out complicated meter It calculates, just can determine that the signal position is " 1 " or " 0 ", due to the preciseness of calculating, interference signal can seriously affect detected signal Judgement as a result, therefore original method be difficult China apply.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in the present invention, and the true and false judgement of synchrotimer and cycle signal is screened Reference paper is shown in my 2016 yearly correlation patents.
(3) summary of the invention:
Power line bi-directional Glenn shunt be when silicon-controlled 30 ° of triggering and conductings before zero crossing of modulation circuit, by every Modulated signal is generated from transformer, makes grid cyclic wave that short circuit distortion occur, exports the frequency of modulated signal in 200~600Hz Range, receiving end demodulate useful letter by acquisition, A/D conversion and the series of computation to multiple groups cycle distorted signal Breath.But China's power network uses isolated neutral or small current neutral grounding system, electricity consumption situation is complicated, the two-way power frequency of power line Communication can hardly find practical applications in China.
The present invention relates to a kind of analog quantity remote collection alarm system, acquisition and teletransmission for various physical quantitys. Each measurement point includes measuring instrumentss and 1 to multiple sensors, and measuring instrumentss upload the data of measurement by power line communication To Centralized Controller, wiring installation is reduced using power line communication.One Centralized Controller is set in each transformer platform area. And it is used by national standard installation Three-hole socket for measuring instrumentss.Each measuring instrumentss are under control synchronization time of Centralized Controller The measurement data of acquisition is saved, the method combined with conventional timing is counted by grid cyclic wave and is generated the synchronization time, see institute Reference paper is stated, using synchronization time convenient for relatively more measured data.Two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas it Between using road lighting cable route realize half wave communication of power line, in the transformer platform area by offer power line half-wave communication power supply Centralized Controller summarizes measurement data, which is connect by being integrated with the Network Interface Module of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks Enter internet.It alarms when the data over run of measurement to remote computation machine management system.The power line communication and power line half Wave communication is two kinds of entirely different communication modes.
The power line communication of use is the essence by the signal sending point and signal receiving point that set to grid cyclic wave voltage It determines that communication is realized in position, sends a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to produce Raw mutation current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer On, to complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；It is described One positive rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.Because only sending single rectangular wave Broad pulse is to electric network influencing very little, and structure simple signal recall rate is high.The microcontroller STC15F2K60S of system, is adopted With external crystal-controlled oscillation, frequency 35MHz, signal procedure is write with assembler language, to reduce communication instruction holding time.Or using other Model High Speed Microcontroller.
The setting of signal transmitting and receiving position: it is crossed at 0 in the voltage of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle and 0 voltage comparator was set, in electricity A setting cycle voltage location setting signal voltage comparator between voltage 21V -40V of net week wave positive half cycle.In this way, The output of signal voltage comparator realizes overturning in two positions of all wave voltages of setting of a cycle positive half cycle.Cycle just The position of the setting week wave voltage of half cycle ascent stage is as the first signal location, all wave voltages of setting signal transmitting-receiving point Position is known as the first signal set point, cycle positive half cycle descending branch the setting week wave voltage position as second signal The cycle voltage location of position, setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal set point.Microcontroller STC15F2K60S can be with It is that rising edge triggers or failing edge triggers that external interrupt, which is arranged, has served as 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in power grid week The ascent stage of wave positive half cycle or descending branch, which generate after overturning triggering is interrupted, changes down trigger mode, or and by different interruptions Source generates interruption.
The condition that signal transmitting and receiving has: 0 voltage comparator of mistake and signal voltage comparator are all made of ns grades of height Fast voltage comparator.The time mistake that overturning and triggering are interrupted can reduce using High Speed Microcontroller and high speed voltage comparator Difference, and have the resolution ratio of sufficiently high detection overturning triggering break period, cooperate the position of signal to wipe the skill with synchrotimer Art means improve the recall rate that grid cyclic wave carries information.It needs to transmit by ns grades of high-speed power control switch basis signal Distance it is tests determined by transmitted positive 35V to a setting rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading between 60V in power grid Signal sending point on cycle, the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage are higher than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded.Basis signal The width of the tests determined rectangular wave broad pulse voltage of the distance that need to be transmitted is 0.3ms~0.5ms, can provide signal code 1A- 20A.It is displaced all wave voltages in the time of the signal location, so that the high speed voltage comparator of receiving end be made to connect in signal Sink is not overturn, is taken " 0 " to send as the position (BIT) in signal, is otherwise taken " 1 " to send for the position (BIT) in signal.Therefore only When the position value in signal overturn signal voltage comparator should in signal receiving point, due to interference be not flipped just have by Interference effect.
Signal receiving end setting: signal receiving end is made of High-speed Control switch and signal voltage comparator, in microcontroller Device controls lower High-speed Control switch, and only the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point is opened.In the first signal transmitting and receiving point when week Week wave voltage positive half cycle ascent stage wave voltage cross 0 interruption after, after the 0.1ms that is delayed connect High-speed Control switch, work as signal voltage Comparator shutdown High-speed Control switch after the 0.3ms that is delayed after the overturning of the first signal transmitting and receiving point is interrupted；It is received and dispatched in second signal Point is when signal voltage comparator is after week cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, wave voltage crossed 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedicAfter connect High-speed Control Switch Tic=Ti2- 0.1ms, 0.1ms turns off High-speed Control and opens before cycle positive half cycle descending branch week, wave voltage crossed 0 interruption It closes, in this way, the low-voltage window region around the first signal transmitting and receiving point and second signal transmitting-receiving point is formd, when the cycle of input When voltage falls in low-voltage window region, High-speed Control is switched in an ON state, and signal voltage comparator is directly in all wave voltages Signal receive position receive signal and measurement cycle time parameter, determine received signal whether setting signal receive Within the scope of point tolerance, High-speed Control switch is in an off state other than low-voltage window region.Therefore, grid cyclic wave voltage is through height Fast control switch control, only in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle, directly filtering is followed by signal voltage ratio after conditioning Compared with device input terminal, High-frequency Interference is filtered out by fundamental frequency signal re-demodulation signal of communication, grid cyclic wave high voltage has been isolated, is dropped The low error as caused by bleeder circuit.
The erasing and repeating transmission of position value in signal: during transmitting terminal sends signal, when high-speed power control switch is opened Afterwards, signal transmitted by transmitting terminal simultaneously receiving end signal voltage comparator receive, if received position value information with The position value information of transmission is different, then then sends the erasing signal of this.Each data bit is erasable in each frame information Retransmit, using control bit receive and dispatch erasing signal, if wipe twice in succession it is unsuccessful, that is, send erasing frame signal, to mention High signal recall rate.Only when the quantity for being wiped free of position is more than setting value, just wipe and retransmission of information frame.
Information frame generates: institute's rheme is binary digit.Each information frame is by start bit, address or data bit, stop bits Composition.Every bit occupancy a cycle, address or data bit totally 9, position value with signal voltage comparator signal receiving point not Overturning overturns to send position signal " 0 " to send position signal " 1 ".Microcontroller records effective address or number during transmitting-receiving According to digit and the occupied digit of erase process, show address when wherein effective address or data bits reach 9 digit of setting Or data bit transmission terminates.Wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit is that transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal are set Fixed point is the information confirmed or the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is confirmation, and sending " 0 " is erasing.Address or number Sending " 0 " according to the 9th the first signal set point in position is to send address frame, and sending " 1 " is data frame.Signal voltage in start bit It is to start to send that comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point,.Stop bits is terminated in the first signal set point with sending " 1 ", The second signal set point of start bit and stop bits does not have to.
The compensation of signal transmitting and receiving location error: China's sinusoidal ac mains frequency be 50Hz, voltage effective value 220V, Its instantaneous voltage u is calculated by following formula:
U=Umsin100πt；…………………………………….1
In formula: UmFor China's network voltage peak value
As shown in Figure 1, system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time to the first signal set point Time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time to second signal set point Time interval is nominal value Tm2.The Tm1And Tm2It is calculated by 1 formula, u is to set all wave voltages in formula.
Simultaneously measured 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage mistake 0 overturn when time arrived for start time The real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition when being Between starting point to signal voltage comparator second signal position overturn when time interval real-time measurement values Tc2；Signal voltage ratio It was arrived when second signal position is overturn between time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn compared with device Every real-time measurement values Tc3；Cross 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles mistake 0 overturn when Between between be divided into cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu.
Since power grid crosses the left and right shake that 0 error showed as at 0 point, but sending and receiving end synchronized 0 and to cross 0 overturning as base Locating tab assembly cycle time parameter, crossing 0 shake influences very little to measurement cycle time parameter, therefore ignores 0 voltage comparator and cross 0 Overturning and timing error.When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are cycle period reality that is true, being detected simultaneously by When measured value Tzu in 20ms and its error range, measure the cycle to cross 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage The a reference value T of time interval when crossing 0 overturning for start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc01 The a reference value that 0 overturning is time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturn is crossed with this Tc02, save the obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 30 to 50c01And Tc02And it calculates and is saved Tc01Average value Tp1With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit.
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；………………2
By TbIt saves.TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing.
Measurement described above, wherein Tc1Or Tc01It is to cross 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in cycle just half Week crossed on the basis of the flip-flop transition of 0 position and signal location, but actual measurement is after overturning triggering interruption with voltage comparator On the basis of the timing time of timer, in this way, having served as triggering after mistake 0 of 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn The process for interrupting and starting timer, there are time for each instructions, it need to be added in the timing time of the measurement；Meanwhile institute The timing time for stating measurement, which need to subtract the triggering after the overturning of the first signal location, to interrupt and reads the instruction of process of timer and hold The row time.The execution time for also needing an instruction being carrying out comprising microcontroller after overturning is interrupted in triggering after wherein overturning, It can postpone interruption, and microcontroller STC15F2K60S is the single-chip microcontroller of 1T, this is easy to obtain the instruction time.Second Signal location measures Tc2Or Tc02Similarly, T is measuredc3When be also similar to above.
The judgement of the cycle true and false: by Tc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2；Tzu makes comparisons respectively with 20ms, if fair at it respectively Perhaps in cycle error range, then the cycle signal detected is very, otherwise to there is more overproof, the cycle detected Signal is false.Not in communication period and in the T of communication periodc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2Difference is respectively set when making comparisons respectively Cycle error range, since the first signal location of communication period and second signal position are shifted, and biggish cycle is taken to miss Poor range.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in system, and wherein synchrotimer saves each cycle period and counted with 20ms The cycle period aggregate-value of calculation is as synchronization time.When above-mentioned judgement cycle signal is true, saves Tzu and take 20ms and synchronometer When device timing time be added, the value that will add up restores in synchrotimer, if the cycle signal detected be it is false, will be all Wave signal is timing time during the vacation compared with 20ms is multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation, if in error range, 20ms is taken to be added multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation with synchrotimer timing time, when detecting that cycle signal is again The time synchronisation time is accurately corrected when true, and otherwise using cycle signal is timing time and synchrotimer timing during the vacation Time is added.It is ± 0.1Hz when generally running, when the relative error since power system frequency deviation allowable value is 0.2Hz When more than 6ms, illustrate that power grid has occurred compared with major break down.
The synchronization of signal transmitting and receiving: communication is realized under control synchronization time.Communication transmits multiple information frames each time, often At the beginning of secondary communication use synchronization time, be it is preset or by Centralized Controller instruct arrange, according to power grid quality and letter Number structure needs the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 to multiple setting byte numbers, and power grid quality takes well biggish set Determine byte number.The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3。 Start the communication of next frame later, if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic, retransmits the information frame.
Realize that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits in the sending and receiving end of the communication information It connects.Centralized Controller or measuring instrumentss measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2And Tc3, And calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and be stored in respectively Two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、 Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units.The storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3.It is not communicating Period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15, Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3, use Average value Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Reduce the influence of network voltage and frequency fluctuation.
Send the determination of signal time: communication is implemented in the single-phase phase line in a transformer platform area of power grid, And it makes an appointment by the synchrotimer time and starts call duration time.Holding with address information is first broadcasted by Centralized Controller when communication Hand signal, when Centralized Controller requires some measuring instruments to Centralized Controller feedback information, measuring instrumentss ability Xiang Jizhong Controller sends information.Centralized Controller or measuring instrumentss are before the communication synchronization time made an appointment receives and sends messages, it is necessary to Continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves are screened out, i.e., have no less than 16 T in real-time measurement storage unitc1、Tc2With Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16.Transmitting terminal is from depositing T is taken out in storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With The practical sending point T of binary signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；………………………………………3
Td2=Tk2+Tb；………………………………………4
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；…………………………………………5
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit.Send T after each frame informationk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated.
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to Used rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switch The timing length of signal timing device is easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, is used for Td1Point sends rectangle The setting sending time T of wave broad pulsef1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；………………………………6
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；………………………………7
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset.
In the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, since rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave Rush that the voltage more therefore transmitted rectangular wave broad pulses high relative to all wave voltages are more powerful, the signal of generation receives Point displacement is more, sets turnover voltage in the other time segment signal voltage comparator of loading procedure, has been moved off signal reception The voltage location of point；Cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then the signal generated in the latter stage for loading on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse Receiving point displacement is more, determines hair in this way, shifting according to the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage actually used through test measurement receiving point The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of sending end and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan, receive signal more reliable.
Signal transmission process: transmitting terminal is crossed the overturning of 0 voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle ascent stage cycle and was generated in 0 It is disconnected, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device and high-speed power control switch is connected, single rectangular wave is wide Pulse voltage is superimposed on grid cyclic wave, makes fundamental frequency in Td1Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline, and Certain harmonic wave can be injected to system.
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction The execution time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；……………………………………………8
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin.……………………………………………9
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time.
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, thus Complete a signal modulation process.
In view of the decaying of signals transmission, and demodulation is using cycle voltage over zero as time reference, in this way In Long Distant Transmit, the cycle voltage phase difference of sending and receiving end will cause setting and receives signal time position and actual signal signal Occur deviation between time location and shadow communication performance, therefore when not taking the method for eliminating deviation, communication distance is limited System is in same transformer platform area.
The demodulation of signal: signal voltage comparator of the receiving end when receiving signal is in the first signal location real-time measurement Tc1Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc1Previous Tc1Subtract TbValue afterwards make comparisons whether Within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determine that the first signal location receives position value in signal；Signal voltage comparator is second The T of signal location real-time measurementc3Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc3Previous Tc3Subtract Tb Whether value afterwards makes comparisons within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determines that second signal position receives position value in signal.
The control of signal transmitting power: when transmitting terminal switching signal timer fires and high-speed power control switch is connected Afterwards, the external interrupt mouth of microcontroller opening signal receiving end immediately detects signal voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle first The flip-flop transition of signal location and second signal position, with Td1And Td3It compares and whether shifts and its shift amount, if measurement Signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, illustrate to send rectangular wave broad pulse energy is relatively smaller or electric network impedance phase To lower.If signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then increase TiTime, if rectangular wave broad pulse voltage ratio Compared with device flip-flop transition closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
Half wave communication of power line is used between different transformer platform areas:
Half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route between the Centralized Controller of two different transformer platform areas, Communication data is summarized by the Centralized Controller in the transformer platform area of offer power line half-wave communication power supply.
Street lamp uses three phase mains or single phase poaer supply, and it is more that the former expends cable, the latter's threephase load balanced differences.For convenience Street lamps control on road, each street lamp loop load current are generally no greater than 20A, if smaller using LED light load current. Street lamp only in night, do not power daytime by work, and intelligent monitor controls opening and closing and the operating mode of each street lamp when work.
It is stopped working using street lamp on daytime and realizes half wave communication of power line, the utilization of street lamp power circuit will be greatly improved Rate.Half wave communication particular content of power line is shown in granted patent ZL2016104477381 filed in the present inventor's on June 10th, 2016 Hereinafter referred to as reference paper.
Power line half-wave communication line both ends and each street-lamp node are respectively provided with Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit.It is wherein electric Line of force half-wave communication line is known as beginning close to one end of street lamp intelligent monitoring device, provides power line half-wave communication power supply, another End is known as terminal, and main controller is the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node in half wave communication of power line at beginning Control instruction transmitter, referred to as master controller, power supply conversion is detected in master controller when half wave communication of power line Switch to power line cycle near zero-crossing point.
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic block diagram of each node Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit.KA is the single-phase double of beginning in figure Power supply automatic switching circuit, it is zero curve that wherein street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply route L1, which is firewire N1, this is terminated at street lamp intelligent monitoring device.Electric power It is zero curve that line half-wave telecommunication source line L2, which is firewire N2,.KA is the one end for accessing power line half-wave communication power supply in figure, and KC is electricity The terminal node of half wave communication of the line of force, be in another transformer platform area, the end KC for half wave communication of power line main controller with Communication channel passes through Phototube Coupling between micro controller module in the Centralized Controller of the power line communication of locating transformer platform area. KB is the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node between half wave communication both ends of power line.As figure, KA, KB and KC basic circuit structure is identical.DN is street-lamp node, and FU is fuse.
Half wave communication of power line is staggered with the street lamp working time, and the time is by main controller meter in half wave communication of the end KA power line When control, usually L1, N1 are not charged, and the main controller of half wave communication of power line installs the cycle detection circuit of L1, a N1, if Detect that L1, N1 there are cycle signal, illustrate that public lighting circuit with or repair, suspends half wave communication of power line.
After being switched to half wave communication of power line, power module S3 connects with power line half wave power supply, saves as each conversion The direct current driving power supply of DC coil contactor and relay in the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of point.Therefore power line half Wave communication power supply L2, N2 are to provide the electricity that each switching node Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit keeps conversion work state Source.
In the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node and terminal node, by power line half wave power supply through capacitor It is sent into power module 4 after C decompression, bridge rectifier, the power supply of microcontroller S1 is provided.The capacity of capacitor C in 1u to 2.2u or so, Microcontroller S1 selects 89C4051.
Cycle input module S5 is by powerline power supply through resistance decompression, diode pressure stabilizing for microcontroller in KA, KB and KC S1 makees cycle detection.
The driving of DC coil contactor K1 and relay K2, relay K3 are provided by power module S3.Main order before communicating Controller first issues a switching command to KA, makes relay K2 line Bao get electricity, normally opened touching through the driving of signal amplifier 2 in KA Head K21 is attracted, so that it is electric to obtain DC coil contactor K1, normally closed interlock K12 is disconnected, and normally open contact K11 is attracted, K2 power loss Electric supply switching is realized in K1 self-insurance afterwards.Sign off master controller issues a recovery street lamp in cycle near zero-crossing point and supplies It is electric that the switching command of electricity obtains relay K3, and normally closed interlock K31 disconnects K1 power loss K11 disconnection K12 closure street lamp and restores electricity State.
Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit KA, KC and the KB of the control instruction from master controller to each switching node It sends, the cycle input module S5 of each node receives the control instruction of master controller.L2, N2 in half wave communication of power line at In half wave communication half-wave power supply state, each cycle time only has half of cycle power supply to be known as a power supply half cycles.It is described Control instruction includes address bit and control bit, and 30 to 50 cycle times power supplies, the power supply cycle is arranged in every instruction beginning After capacitor charging in power module S4, the reception of microcontroller S1 is provided and saves the electric energy of instruction, is spaced a week thereafter The wave time is start bit, is then address bit and instruction code position, sets 5 cycle times altogether as address bit, wherein preceding 3 power supplies Half cycles are whole street-lamp nodes address, and rear 2 power supply half cycles are terminal node address, every 2 power supplies half cycles middle ware Every a power supply half cycles, forming 3 power supply half cycles is beginning node address, and 3 cycle times are instruction code thereafter, preceding 2 power supply half cycles are communication sign on, and rear 1 power supply half cycles are sign off instruction, when being finally spaced a cycle Between be stop position.Command content and relay status determine current working status according to behaviour to each node microcontroller S1 based on the received Work sequence executing instruction operations, such as communication start first receive beginning node instruction later to be terminal node instruction, then It is only each street-lamp node instruction, node instruction other nodes in beginning can not receive when communication starts, and the instruction that each node receives is equal It saves, determines for operation order, it is deleted after sign off and saves content.Instruction saves in memory, then sequentially takes Instruction execution out.Half wave communication of power line starts, and master controller sends power supply to KC after beginning KA completes power supply switching Switching command, finally sends cutting road lamp power supply instruction to the KB of each street-lamp node, KC with KB power supply handoff procedure is identical.Communication End is to start the switching of beginning node power again after other nodes complete switching.
In Fig. 3 power line half-wave telecommunication circuit S8 only include communications electronics switch in reference paper, switch drive module, Cycle discriminator circuit and main controller are opened for communications electronics in mains AC power supply L2, N2 and Fig. 3 of half wave communication of power line It closes the input terminal of S6 and the switch drive module in reference paper, cycle discriminator circuit input terminal is connected, wherein main controller S7 With the micro controller module 1 in Centralized Controller S9 through RS232 port communications, Centralized Controller S9 and power line half-wave telecommunication circuit Connection between S8 and Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit is only in the end KC communication channel at the end KA and the difference at the end KC In plus Phototube Coupling S10, this is because belonging to same transformation in the end KA Centralized Controller S9 and power line half-wave telecommunication circuit S8 The area Qi Tai is to belong to differently transformer platform area at the end KC.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is grid cyclic wave receiving and transmitting signal position data relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure block diagram of analog quantity remote collection alarm system.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram that half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route.
(5) specific embodiment:
A kind of circuit structure of analog quantity remote collection alarm system is as shown in Figures 2 and 3.Including Centralized Controller and more A measuring instrumentss.Centralized Controller is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, Network Interface Module 2,1 structure of micro controller module At.Measuring instrumentss are made of signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, sensor 7 and micro controller module 1.Centralized Controller with Measuring instrumentss use the power line communication.
Signal sending end A, signal receiving end B and the microcontroller of power line communication described in Centralized Controller and measuring instrumentss Device module 1 is identical with the hardware configuration of power module 4.
The signal sending end A of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch 5, switching signal timer 3, electricity Net voltage is connected to the output end of high-speed power control switch 5.
The signal receiving end B of the power line communication is by High-speed Control switch 6, excessively 0 voltage comparator 8 and signal voltage ratio It is constituted compared with device 9.It crosses 0 voltage comparator 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 is all made of ns grades of high speed voltage comparator MAX319.
Micro controller module 1 uses High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S, this is a kind of single clock/machine cycle (1T) Single-chip microcontroller, speed ratio STC12 also fast 20% is high speed/low-power consumption/superpower jamproof 8051 single-chip microcontroller of new generation, no AD Conversion.
The single-phase firewire and zero curve of power grid connect the output port of signal sending end and the input port of receiving end, wherein power grid Zero line grounding end.The window region network voltage control is in 55V voltage range, machine shell protective grounding, and has high electricity The security warning of pressure area, trouble hunting should install the isolating transformer that no-load voltage ratio is 1:1 additional, avoid because of failure accidental shock.
Network Interface Module 2 in Centralized Controller, which uses, is integrated with the W5100 Ethernet mould of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks Block, or use other network interface chips.High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S and Network Interface Module 2 in micro controller module 1 Between use SPI serial bus communication mode, data to be sent are reached into W5100, are then passed through data by W5100 subpackage Internet is dealt into remote computer.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of implementation method of analog quantity remote collection alarm system, it is characterised in that:
The data of measurement are uploaded to Centralized Controller by power line communication by measuring instrumentss, are arranged in each transformer platform area One Centralized Controller, each measuring instrumentss save the measurement data of acquisition under control synchronization time of Centralized Controller, described The method that synchronization time is counted by grid cyclic wave and conventional timing combines generates, using synchronization time convenient for relatively more measured Data realize half wave communication of power line using road lighting cable route between two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas, by The Centralized Controller provided in the transformer platform area of power line half-wave communication power supply summarizes measurement data, which passes through It is integrated with the Network Interface Module access internet of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks, the power line communication and half wave communication of power line It is two kinds of entirely different communication modes；
The power line communication of use is that the signal sending point and the accurate of signal receiving point by setting to grid cyclic wave voltage are determined Communication is realized in position, and it is prominent to generate to send a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting Time-dependent current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer, To complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；Described one A anode rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the setting signal sending point in grid cyclic wave voltage and The modulating and demodulating signal step of setting signal receiving point includes:
It sends: crossing the overturning of 0 voltage comparator when the cycle that the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is arranged in and generated 0 interruption, after being delayed Time after making it be delayed falls in the signal sending point of all wave voltage settings, and firing switch signal timing device simultaneously connects high-speed power Control switch, by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave；
Receive: High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point under microcontroller control, shape At the low-voltage window region around the first signal transmitting and receiving point and second signal transmitting-receiving point, when all wave voltages of input fall in it is low When voltage window mouth region, High-speed Control is switched in an ON state, and signal voltage comparator is directly received in the signal of all wave voltages Position receive signal and measurement cycle time parameter, determine received signal whether setting signal receiving point error range Interior, High-speed Control switch is in an off state other than low-voltage window region.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the signal sending point and signal receiving point of setting are in power grid The voltage of cycle positive half cycle, which is crossed at 0, was arranged 0 voltage comparator, in a setting cycle voltage location of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle Setting signal voltage comparator, the output of the signal voltage comparator a cycle positive half cycle all wave voltages of setting two Realize overturning in a position；The cycle positive half cycle ascent stage the setting week wave voltage position as the first signal location, The cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as the first signal set point, in the setting week of cycle positive half cycle descending branch As second signal position, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal setting for the position of wave voltage Point；
The signal voltage comparator is a setting cycle being arranged between voltage 21V -40V of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle Voltage location；
It is described by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave, being by a positive 35V to the setting square between 60V Shape wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading in the signal sending point on grid cyclic wave, the width value of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage be 0.3ms~ 0.5ms can provide signal code value 1A -20A.
4. realizing electric power using road lighting cable route between the Centralized Controller of difference transformer platform area according to claim 1 The method of half wave communication of line, it is characterized in that being respectively provided with Double power of single-phase source at power line half-wave communication line both ends and each street-lamp node Automatic switching circuit, wherein power line half-wave communication line is known as beginning close to one end of street lamp intelligent monitoring device, and the other end claims For terminal, main controller is the control of the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node in half wave communication of power line at beginning Commander sender processed, referred to as master controller, power supply conversion is to detect electricity in master controller when half wave communication of power line Line of force cycle near zero-crossing point Qie Huan ﹔
After being switched to half wave communication of power line, power module (S3) connects with power line half wave power supply, as each switching node Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit in the direct current Qu of DC coil contactor and relay move electricity Yuan ﹔
In the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node and terminal node, dropped by power line half wave power supply through capacitor C Pressure is sent into power module (S4) after bridge rectifier, provide microcontroller (control instruction described in S1) electricity Yuan ﹔ from master controller to The Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node is sent, and the cycle input module of each node receives the control of master controller System instruction, in half wave communication of power line, electric supply is in half wave communication half-wave power supply state, each cycle time only has Half of cycle power supply is known as a half cycle ﹔ of power supply
The control instruction includes address bit and control bit, and 30 to 50 cycle times power supplies are arranged in every instruction beginning, should Cycle power after capacitor charging in power module (S4), the reception of microcontroller (S1) is provided and saves the electric energy of instruction, Being spaced cycle time afterwards is start bit, is then address bit and instruction code position, sets 5 cycle times altogether as address bit, Wherein preceding 3 power supply half cycles are whole street-lamp nodes address, and rear 2 power supply half cycles are terminal node address, every 2 power supplies One power supply half cycles of half cycles midfeather, forming 3 power supply half cycles is beginning node address, thereafter 3 cycle time For instruction code, preceding 2 power supply half cycles are communication sign on, and rear 1 power supply half cycles are sign off instruction, between last It is stop position every a cycle time, instruction saves in memory, then sequentially takes out instruction execution, half wave communication of power line Start, other nodes start to switch after beginning node completes power supply switching, otherwise sign off is cut in the completion of other nodes Start node power switching in beginning after changing again.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal receiving point demodulated signal in setting, includes The signal that confirmation or erasing are sent from the signal sending point of setting, during transmitting terminal sends signal, letter transmitted by transmitting terminal Number simultaneously receiving end receive, if received position value information is different from the position value information of transmission, then send the position Erasing signal, each data bit is erasable in each frame information and retransmits, if wiping twice in succession unsuccessful, that is, sends The signal for wiping frame, to improve signal recall rate.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, institute's rheme value is received with signal voltage comparator in signal Point does not overturn to send position signal " 0 ", overturns to send position signal " 1 ", wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit For transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal set point is confirmation or the information that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is Confirmation, sending " 0 " is erasing, and it is to send address frame that address or data bit the 9th the first signal set point, which send " 0 ", is sent " 1 " is data frame, and it is to start to send that signal voltage comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point, in start bit, and stop bits exists First signal set point is terminated with sending " 1 ", and the second signal set point of start bit and stop bits does not have to.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of setting and the accurate of signal receiving point are determined Position includes the error compensation of set signal sending point and signal receiving point, while crossing 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage ratio Ns grades of high speed voltage comparators and High Speed Microcontroller are all made of compared with device.
8. according to claim 1 and method of claim 7, which is characterized in that signal sending point and signal receiving point It is accurately positioned and its compensation method of error, to be first computing system crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as the time O'clock to the first signal set point time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time Time interval to second signal set point is nominal value Tm2；
And time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage overturns was measured as start time to signal electricity Press the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition as start time To the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc2；Signal voltage comparator exists The reality of time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn was arrived in second signal position when overturning When measured value Tc3；Cross time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles is overturn For cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu；
When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are true, the cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu being detected simultaneously by In 20ms and its error range, the cycle is measured to cross 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn and be The a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc010 overturning is crossed with this For a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc02, save 30 to The obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1 With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit；
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；
By TbIt saves, TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing；
The extremely multiple setting byte number of the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 is needed according to power grid quality and signal structure, The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, start later The communication of next frame retransmits the information frame if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic；
It realizes that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits and connects in the sending and receiving end of the communication information Continuous, Centralized Controller or measuring instrumentss measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2And Tc3, and Calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and it is stored in two respectively Group storage unit, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、Tk2 And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units, the storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, not in communication period Between, continuous 16 real-time measurement values T are measured respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15, Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3；
It sends the determination of signal time: continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves must be screened out before receiving and sending messages, i.e., in fact When measurement storage unit in have no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3 It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16, transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, Obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；
Td2=Tk2+Tb；
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit, T after each frame information is sentk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated；
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to being used Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switching signal determine When device timing length, be easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, be used for Td1Point sends the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave The setting sending time T of punchingf1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset；
Rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, and rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is high more relative to all wave voltages More, the signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, and cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse The signal receiving point displacement that generates of latter stage it is more, it is uneven to generate the displacement, shifts through test measurement receiving point and determines hair The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of sending end and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan；
Signal transmission process: grid cyclic wave voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output port, when the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage Cycle cross 0 voltage comparator overturning generated 0 interruption, through be delayed Ti1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device and height is connected Fast power control switch can make fundamental frequency in T by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic waved1Or Td2's Voltage generates small displacement on a timeline；
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction execution Time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin；
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time；
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, to complete Signal modulation process；
Above-mentioned Ti2Value also according to receiving end signaling point displacement it is how many adjust in real time, method are as follows: if the signal electricity of measurement Press comparator flip-flop transition closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, If signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
9. a kind of device of analog quantity remote collection alarm system, it is characterised in that including,
Signal sending end, signal receiving end and the micro controller module of power line communication described in Centralized Controller and measuring instrumentss Hardware configuration it is identical；
The signal sending end of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch, switching signal timer；
The signal receiving end of the power line communication is switched by High-speed Control, crosses 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator structure At.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the signal receiving end of the power line communication is by power grid All wave voltages through High-speed Control switch control, cycle positive half cycle two low-voltage window regions directly after conditioning filtering be followed by Signal voltage comparator input terminal, High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point, isolation Grid cyclic wave high voltage, signal voltage comparator is directly when the signal of all wave voltages receives position and receives signal and measurement cycle Between parameter；
The signal sending end of the power line communication, network voltage are connected to high-speed power control switch output end, in cycle just half All ascent stage cycles cross the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously High-speed power control switch is connected, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave.
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