CN110011700A - A kind of electricity consumption data acquisition management system - Google Patents
A kind of electricity consumption data acquisition management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN110011700A CN110011700A CN201910459630.8A CN201910459630A CN110011700A CN 110011700 A CN110011700 A CN 110011700A CN 201910459630 A CN201910459630 A CN 201910459630A CN 110011700 A CN110011700 A CN 110011700A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J13/00—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network
- H02J13/00006—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment
- H02J13/00007—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
- H02J13/00009—Circuit arrangements for providing remote indication of network conditions, e.g. an instantaneous record of the open or closed condition of each circuitbreaker in the network; Circuit arrangements for providing remote control of switching means in a power distribution network, e.g. switching in and out of current consumers by using a pulse code signal carried by the network characterised by information or instructions transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated power network element or electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission using pulsed signals
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- H02J13/0013—
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- H02J13/0075—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
- H04B3/542—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines the information being in digital form
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02B90/20—Smart grids as enabling technology in buildings sector
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/121—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using the power network as support for the transmission
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y04—INFORMATION OR COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES HAVING AN IMPACT ON OTHER TECHNOLOGY AREAS
- Y04S—SYSTEMS INTEGRATING TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO POWER NETWORK OPERATION, COMMUNICATION OR INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES FOR IMPROVING THE ELECTRICAL POWER GENERATION, TRANSMISSION, DISTRIBUTION, MANAGEMENT OR USAGE, i.e. SMART GRIDS
- Y04S40/00—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them
- Y04S40/12—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment
- Y04S40/126—Systems for electrical power generation, transmission, distribution or end-user application management characterised by the use of communication or information technologies, or communication or information technology specific aspects supporting them characterised by data transport means between the monitoring, controlling or managing units and monitored, controlled or operated electrical equipment using wireless data transmission
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Cable Transmission Systems, Equalization Of Radio And Reduction Of Echo (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity consumption data acquisition management systems, include Centralized Controller and each electric energy meter, using power line communication method, 0 area's specified point, which is crossed, to grid cyclic wave voltage sends wide pulse signal generation mutation current, as the position value of signal, Centralized Controller receives the data of each electric energy meter acquisition.Half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route between the Centralized Controller of different transformer platform areas, and communication data is summarized by the Centralized Controller in the transformer platform area of offer power line half-wave communication power supply.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity consumption data acquisition management systems, include Centralized Controller and each electric energy meter, using electric power
Line communication means crosses 0 area's specified point to grid cyclic wave voltage and sends wide pulse signal generation mutation current, and the position as signal takes
Value, Centralized Controller receive the data of each electric energy meter acquisition.Street lamp electricity is utilized between the Centralized Controller of different transformer platform areas
Half wave communication of power line is realized on cable road, is converged by the Centralized Controller in the transformer platform area of offer power line half-wave communication power supply
Total communication data.
(2) background technique:
Current power line communication refers mainly to power line carrier communication and bi-directional Glenn shunt.Power line carrier communication PLC benefit
Signal is transmitted by carrier system with existing power line.But distribution transformer has barrier action to power carrier signal, simultaneously
Transmission has the very big loss of signal again between three-phase power line, so power carrier signal can only be in a distribution transformer platform area
Transmission, and can only be transmitted in single-phase electricity line.In practical application, when power line zero load, point-to-point carrier signal can be transferred to
Several kilometers, but when load is very heavy on power line, tens meters can only be transmitted, therefore power line carrier communication is only applied remote at present
In journey meter reading, also need to cooperate other means of communication.
Bi-directional Glenn shunt TWACS, which is utilized, is added modulated signal in power-frequency voltage fundamental wave zero passage area, with the electricity in this region
The distorted signal of pressure or current waveform carries information.TWACS system equipment exists only in substation and user terminal.Wherein by power transformation
Standing to the channel of user terminal transmission is output channel, carries information using the modulation of voltage waveform, is passed from user terminal to substation
Defeated channel is input channel, transmits information using the variation of current waveform.Its receiving and transmitting signal passes through coupling transformer and electricity
The crosslinking of power net.
The detection of TW A CS signal is mainly based upon time-domain difference technology, these methods mostly data processing complex, in real time
Property it is poor, equipment cost is high, needs to acquire a large amount of signal of multiple cycles relatively and carries out A/D conversion respectively, then carries out complicated meter
It calculates, just can determine that the signal position is " 1 " or " 0 ", due to the preciseness of calculating, interference signal can seriously affect detected signal
Judgement as a result, therefore original method be difficult China apply.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in the present invention, and the true and false judgement of synchrotimer and cycle signal is screened
With reference to my 2016 yearly correlation patents.
(3) summary of the invention:
Power line bi-directional Glenn shunt be when silicon-controlled 30 ° of triggering and conductings before zero crossing of modulation circuit, by every
Modulated signal is generated from transformer, makes grid cyclic wave that short circuit distortion occur, exports the frequency of modulated signal in 200~600Hz
Range, receiving end demodulate useful letter by acquisition, A/D conversion and the series of computation to multiple groups cycle distorted signal
Breath.But China's power network uses isolated neutral or small current neutral grounding system, electricity consumption situation is complicated, the two-way power frequency of power line
Communication can hardly find practical applications in China.
The present invention relates to a kind of electricity consumption data acquisition management systems, are made of electric energy meter, Centralized Controller, communication system.
For electric energy meter using kilowatt-hour meter special chip AD7751 as electrical power measuring appliance, AD7751 is a kind of product-to frequency converter, energy
By two input analog signal (electric current and voltage) phase products and it is converted into accumulating directly proportional output frequency, Direct Digital to it
Change, current transformer and voltage transformer and its input signal conditioning circuit is cooperated to acquire energy data.In a transformer platform
The data acquired in area are uploaded to Centralized Controller by power line communication, two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas it
Between using road lighting cable route realize half wave communication of power line, in the transformer platform area by offer power line half-wave communication power supply
Centralized Controller summarizes communication data, and power line communication and half wave communication of power line are two kinds of entirely different communication modes.
The power line communication is the essence of the signal sending point and signal receiving point by the setting to grid cyclic wave voltage
It determines that communication is realized in position, sends a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to produce
Raw mutation current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer
On, to complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；It is described
One rectangular wave anode broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.Because only sending single rectangular wave
Broad pulse is to electric network influencing very little, and structure simple signal recall rate is high.The microcontroller STC15F2K60S of system, is adopted
With external crystal-controlled oscillation, frequency 35MHz, signal procedure is write with assembler language, to reduce communication instruction holding time.Or using other
Model High Speed Microcontroller.
The setting of signal transmitting and receiving position: it is crossed at 0 in the voltage of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle and 0 voltage comparator was set, in electricity
A setting cycle voltage location setting signal voltage comparator between voltage 21V -40V of net week wave positive half cycle.In this way,
The output of signal voltage comparator realizes overturning in two positions of all wave voltages of setting of a cycle positive half cycle.Cycle just
The position of the setting week wave voltage of half cycle ascent stage is as the first signal location, all wave voltages of setting signal transmitting-receiving point
Position is known as the first signal set point, cycle positive half cycle descending branch the setting week wave voltage position as second signal
The cycle voltage location of position, setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal set point.Microcontroller STC15F2K60S can be with
It is that rising edge triggers or failing edge triggers that external interrupt, which is arranged, has served as 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in power grid week
The ascent stage of wave positive half cycle or descending branch, which generate after overturning triggering is interrupted, changes down trigger mode, or and by different interruptions
Source generates interruption.
The condition that signal transmitting and receiving has: 0 voltage comparator of mistake and signal voltage comparator are all made of ns grades of height
Fast voltage comparator.The time mistake that overturning and triggering are interrupted can reduce using High Speed Microcontroller and high speed voltage comparator
Difference, and have the resolution ratio of sufficiently high detection overturning triggering break period, cooperate the position of signal to wipe the skill with synchrotimer
Art means improve the recall rate that grid cyclic wave carries information.By the transmission of ns grades of high-speed power control switch basis signals away from
From it is tests determined by transmitted positive 35V to a setting rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading between 60V in grid cyclic wave
On signal sending point, the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is higher than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded.Basis signal transmission
Width apart from tests determined rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is 0.3ms~0.5ms, can provide signal code 1A -20A.Make week
Wave voltage is displaced in the time of the signal location, so that the high speed voltage comparator of receiving end be made not turn in signal receiving point
Turn, takes " 1 " to send as the position (BIT) in signal, otherwise take " 0 " to send for the position (BIT) in signal.Therefore only when in signal
Position value overturn signal voltage comparator should in signal receiving point, since interference is not flipped just and has disturbed work
With.
Signal receiving end setting: signal receiving end is by twin voltage comparator, High-speed Control switch and signal voltage comparator
It constitutes, grid cyclic wave connects after electric resistance partial pressure with twin voltage comparator input terminal, and the setting of twin voltage comparator is rationed the power supply by wealthy family
The low-voltage window region that the threshold range of pressure and low threshold voltage is constituted.Under microcontroller control, when all wave voltages of input
When falling in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, make High-speed Control switch in an ON state, signal voltage compares
Device directly receives position in the signal of all wave voltages and receives signal and measurement cycle time parameter, whether determines received signal
In the signal receiving point error range of setting, make High-speed Control switch in an off state other than low-voltage window region.Cause
This, grid cyclic wave voltage is only directly conditioned in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle through High-speed Control switch control
Filtering is followed by signal voltage comparator input terminal, is filtered out High-frequency Interference and is passed through fundamental frequency signal re-demodulation signal of communication, every
From grid cyclic wave high voltage, the error as caused by bleeder circuit is reduced.Low-voltage window region is arranged in twin voltage comparator
When, it need to guarantee that the first signal location and second signal position are fallen in always in the low-voltage window region.
The erasing and repeating transmission of position value in signal: during transmitting terminal sends signal, when high-speed power control switch is opened
Afterwards, signal transmitted by transmitting terminal simultaneously receiving end signal voltage comparator receive, if received position value information with
The position value information of transmission is different, then then sends the erasing signal of this.Each data bit is erasable in each frame signal
It retransmits, erasing signal, if erasing is unsuccessful, that is, the erasing signal value information sent and received not phase is received and dispatched using control bit
Together, continue to send this erasing signal until sending successfully, then retransmit the position signal being wiped free of, other position signals that do not wipe are still
So effectively, to improve signal recall rate.Only when be wiped free of position quantity be more than setting value when, just wipe and retransmission of information
Frame.
Information frame generates: institute's rheme is binary digit.Each information frame is by start bit, address or data bit, stop bits
Composition.Every bit occupancy a cycle, address or data bit totally 8.Position value with signal voltage comparator signal receiving point not
Overturning overturns to send position signal " 1 " to send position signal " 0 ".Microcontroller recorded during transmitting-receiving effective address or
Data bits and the occupied digit of erase process show ground when wherein effective address or data bits reach 8 digit of setting
Location or data bit transmission terminate.Wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit is transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal
Set point is confirmation or the information that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 0 " is confirmation, and sending " 1 " is erasing.Start bit
It is to start to send that middle signal voltage comparator, which sends " 1 " in the first signal set point, and sending " 1 " in second signal set point is hair
Address frame is sent, sending " 0 " is data frame.Stop bits is in the first signal set point to send " 0 " end, and second signal set point is not
With.
The compensation of signal transmitting and receiving location error: China's sinusoidal ac mains frequency be 50Hz, voltage effective value 220V,
Its instantaneous voltage u is calculated by following formula:
U=Umsin100πt；…………………………….………….1
In formula: UmFor China's network voltage peak value
As shown in Figure 1, system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time to the first signal set point
Time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time to second signal set point
Time interval is nominal value Tm2.The Tm1And Tm2It is calculated by 1 formula, u is to set all wave voltages in formula.
Simultaneously measured 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage mistake 0 overturn when time arrived for start time
The real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition when being
Between starting point to signal voltage comparator second signal position overturn when time interval real-time measurement values Tc2；Signal voltage ratio
It was arrived when second signal position is overturn between time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn compared with device
Every real-time measurement values Tc3；Cross 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles mistake 0 overturn when
Between between be divided into cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu.
Since power grid crosses the left and right shake that 0 error showed as at 0 point, but sending and receiving end synchronized 0 and to cross 0 overturning as base
Locating tab assembly cycle time parameter, crossing 0 shake influences very little to measurement cycle time parameter, therefore ignores 0 voltage comparator and cross 0
Overturning and timing error.When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are cycle period reality that is true, being detected simultaneously by
When measured value Tzu in 20ms and its error range, measure the cycle to cross 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage
The a reference value T of time interval when crossing 0 overturning for start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc01
The a reference value that 0 overturning is time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturn is crossed with this
Tc02, save the obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 30 to 50c01And Tc02And it calculates and is saved
Tc01Average value Tp1With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit.
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；... ... ... ... 2 by TbIt saves.TbIllustrate reality for timing
The position of border signal transmitting and receiving point is higher.
Measurement described above, wherein Tc1Or Tc01It is to cross 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in cycle just half
Week crossed on the basis of the flip-flop transition of 0 position and signal location, but actual measurement is after overturning triggering interruption with voltage comparator
On the basis of the timing time of timer, in this way, having served as triggering after mistake 0 of 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn
The process for interrupting and starting timer, there are time for each instructions, it need to be added in the timing time of the measurement；Meanwhile institute
The timing time for stating measurement, which need to subtract the triggering after the overturning of the first signal location, to interrupt and reads the instruction of process of timer and hold
The row time.The execution time for also needing an instruction being carrying out comprising microcontroller after overturning is interrupted in triggering after wherein overturning,
It can postpone interruption, and microcontroller STC15F2K60S is the single-chip microcontroller of 1T, this is easy to obtain the instruction time.Second
Signal location measures Tc2Or Tc02Similarly, T is measuredc3When be also similar to above.
The judgement of the cycle true and false: by Tc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2；Tzu makes comparisons respectively with 20ms, if fair at it respectively
Perhaps in cycle error range, then the cycle signal detected is very, otherwise to there is more overproof, the cycle detected
Signal is false.Not in communication period and in the T of communication periodc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2Difference is respectively set when making comparisons respectively
Cycle error range, since the first signal location of communication period and second signal position are shifted, and biggish cycle is taken to miss
Poor range.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in system, and wherein synchrotimer saves each cycle period and counted with 20ms
The cycle period aggregate-value of calculation is as synchronization time.When above-mentioned judgement cycle signal is true, T is savedzuAnd take 20ms and synchronometer
When device timing time be added, the value that will add up restores in synchrotimer, if the cycle signal detected be it is false, will be all
Wave signal is timing time during the vacation compared with 20ms is multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation, if in error range,
20ms is taken to be added multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation with synchrotimer timing time, when detecting that cycle signal is again
The time synchronisation time is accurately corrected when true, and otherwise using cycle signal is timing time and synchrotimer timing during the vacation
Time is added.It is ± 0.1Hz when generally running, when the relative error since power system frequency deviation allowable value is 0.2Hz
When more than 6ms, illustrate that power grid has occurred compared with major break down.
The synchronization of signal transmitting and receiving: communication is realized under control synchronization time.Communication transmits multiple information frames each time, often
At the beginning of secondary communication use synchronization time, be it is preset or by Centralized Controller instruct arrange, according to power grid quality and letter
Number structure needs the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 to multiple setting byte numbers, and power grid quality takes well biggish set
Determine byte number.The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3。
Start the communication of next frame later, if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic, retransmits the information frame.
Realize that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
It connects.Centralized Controller or electric energy meter measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2And Tc3, and
Calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and it is stored in two respectively
Group storage unit, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、Tk2
And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units.The storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3.Not in communication period
Between, continuous 16 real-time measurement values T are measured respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15,
Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each
The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3, use
Average value Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Reduce the influence of network voltage and frequency fluctuation.
Send the determination of signal time: communication is implemented in the single-phase phase line in a transformer platform area of power grid,
And it makes an appointment by the synchrotimer time and starts call duration time.Holding with address information is first broadcasted by Centralized Controller when communication
Hand signal, when Centralized Controller requires some electric energy meter to Centralized Controller feedback information, the electric energy meter is just to centralized control
Device sends information.Centralized Controller or electric energy meter are before the communication synchronization time made an appointment receives and sends messages, it is necessary to screen out
Continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves, i.e., have no less than 16 T in real-time measurement storage unitc1、Tc2And Tc3, such as
Continuous 16 T are not detected in fruitc1、Tc2And Tc3It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16.Transmitting terminal is from storage unit
Middle taking-up Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1And second signal
Practical sending point Td2:
Td1=Tk1-Tb；…………………………………………3
Td2=Tk2+Tb；…………………………………………4
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3-Tb；…………………………………………5
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit.Send T after each frame informationk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated.
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to
Used rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switch
The timing length of signal timing device is easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, is used for Td1Point sends rectangle
The setting sending time T of wave broad pulsef1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；……………………………6
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；……………………………7
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset.
In the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, since rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
Rush that the voltage more therefore transmitted rectangular wave broad pulses high relative to all wave voltages are more powerful, the signal of generation receives
Point displacement is more, sets turnover voltage in the other time segment signal voltage comparator of loading procedure, has been moved off signal reception
The voltage location of point；Cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then the signal generated in the latter stage for loading on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
Receiving point displacement is more, in this way, shifting according to the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage actually used through test measurement receiving point, determines hair
The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of sending end and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan, receive signal more reliable.
Signal transmission process: transmitting terminal is crossed the overturning of 0 voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle ascent stage cycle and was generated in 0
It is disconnected, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device and high-speed power control switch is connected, single rectangular wave is wide
Pulse voltage is superimposed on grid cyclic wave, makes fundamental frequency in Td1Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline, and
Certain harmonic wave can be injected to system.
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction
The execution time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；………………………………………………8
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin.………………………………………………9
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time.
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, thus
Complete a signal modulation process.
In view of the decaying of signals transmission, and demodulation is using cycle voltage over zero as time reference, in this way
In Long Distant Transmit, the cycle voltage phase difference of sending and receiving end will cause setting and receives signal time position and actual signal signal
Occur deviation between time location and shadow communication performance, therefore when not taking the method for eliminating deviation, communication distance is limited
System is in same transformer platform area.
The demodulation of signal: signal voltage comparator of the receiving end when receiving signal is in the first signal location real-time measurement
Tc1Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc1Previous Tc1Subtract TbValue afterwards make comparisons whether
Within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determine that the first signal location receives position value in signal；Signal voltage comparator is second
The T of signal location real-time measurementc3Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc3Previous Tc3Subtract Tb
Whether value afterwards makes comparisons within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determines that second signal position receives position value in signal.
The control of signal transmitting power: when transmitting terminal switching signal timer fires and high-speed power control switch is connected
Afterwards, the external interrupt mouth of microcontroller opening signal receiving end immediately detects signal voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle first
The flip-flop transition of signal location and second signal position, with Td1And Td3It compares and whether shifts and its shift amount, if measurement
Signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, illustrate to send rectangular wave broad pulse energy is relatively smaller or electric network impedance phase
To lower.
If signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
Half wave communication of power line is used between different transformer platform areas:
Half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route between the Centralized Controller of different transformer platform areas, by mentioning
Summarize communication data for the Centralized Controller in the transformer platform area of power line half-wave communication power supply.
Street lamp uses three phase mains or single phase poaer supply, and it is more that the former expends cable, the latter's threephase load balanced differences.For convenience
Street lamps control on road, each street lamp loop load current are generally no greater than 20A, if smaller using LED light load current.
Street lamp only in night, do not power daytime by work, and intelligent monitor controls opening and closing and the operating mode of each street lamp when work.
It is stopped working using street lamp on daytime and realizes half wave communication of power line, the utilization of street lamp power circuit will be greatly improved
Rate.Half wave communication particular content of power line is shown in granted patent ZL2016104477381 filed in the present inventor's on June 10th, 2016
Hereinafter referred to as reference paper.
Power line half-wave communication line both ends and each street-lamp node are respectively provided with Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit.It is wherein electric
Line of force half-wave communication line is known as beginning close to one end of street lamp intelligent monitoring device, provides power line half-wave communication power supply, another
End is known as terminal, and main controller is the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node in half wave communication of power line at beginning
Control instruction transmitter, referred to as master controller, power supply conversion is detected in master controller when half wave communication of power line
Switch to power line cycle near zero-crossing point.
Fig. 3 is the electrical schematic block diagram of each node Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit.KA is the single-phase double of beginning in figure
Power supply automatic switching circuit, it is zero curve that wherein street lamp power supply, road lamp power supply route L1, which is firewire N1, this is terminated at street lamp intelligent monitoring device.Electric power
It is zero curve that line half-wave telecommunication source line L2, which is firewire N2,.KA is the one end for accessing power line half-wave communication power supply in figure, and KC is electricity
The terminal node of half wave communication of the line of force, be in another transformer platform area, the end KC for half wave communication of power line main controller with
Communication channel passes through Phototube Coupling between micro controller module in the Centralized Controller of the power line communication of locating transformer platform area.
KB is the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node between half wave communication both ends of power line.As figure, KA, KB and
KC basic circuit structure is identical.DN is street-lamp node, and FU is fuse.
Half wave communication of power line is staggered with the street lamp working time, and the time is by main controller meter in half wave communication of the end KA power line
When control, usually L1, N1 are not charged, and the main controller of half wave communication of power line installs the cycle detection circuit of L1, a N1, if
Detect that L1, N1 there are cycle signal, illustrate that public lighting circuit with or repair, suspends half wave communication of power line.
After being switched to half wave communication of power line, power module S3 connects with power line half wave power supply, saves as each conversion
The direct current driving power supply of DC coil contactor and relay in the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of point.Therefore power line half
Wave communication power supply L2, N2 are to provide the electricity that each switching node Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit keeps conversion work state
Source.
In the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node and terminal node, by power line half wave power supply through capacitor
It is sent into power module 4 after C decompression, bridge rectifier, the power supply of microcontroller S1 is provided.The capacity of capacitor C in 1u to 2.2u or so,
Microcontroller S1 selects 89C4051.
Cycle input module S5 is by powerline power supply through resistance decompression, diode pressure stabilizing for microcontroller in KA, KB and KC
S1 makees cycle detection.
The driving of DC coil contactor K1 and relay K2, relay K3 are provided by power module S3.Main order before communicating
Controller first issues a switching command to KA, makes relay K2 line Bao get electricity, normally opened touching through the driving of signal amplifier 2 in KA
Head K21 is attracted, so that it is electric to obtain DC coil contactor K1, normally closed interlock K12 is disconnected, and normally open contact K11 is attracted, K2 power loss
Electric supply switching is realized in K1 self-insurance afterwards.Sign off master controller issues a recovery street lamp in cycle near zero-crossing point and supplies
It is electric that the switching command of electricity obtains relay K3, and normally closed interlock K31 disconnects K1 power loss K11 disconnection K12 closure street lamp and restores electricity
State.
Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit KA, KC and the KB of the control instruction from master controller to each switching node
It sends, the cycle input module S5 of each node receives the control instruction of master controller.L2, N2 in half wave communication of power line at
In half wave communication half-wave power supply state, each cycle time only has half of cycle power supply to be known as a power supply half cycles.It is described
Control instruction includes address bit and control bit, and 30 to 50 cycle times power supplies, the power supply cycle is arranged in every instruction beginning
After capacitor charging in power module S4, the reception of microcontroller S1 is provided and saves the electric energy of instruction, is spaced a week thereafter
The wave time is start bit, is then address bit and instruction code position, sets 5 cycle times altogether as address bit, wherein preceding 3 power supplies
Half cycles are whole street-lamp nodes address, and rear 2 power supply half cycles are terminal node address, every 2 power supplies half cycles middle ware
Every a power supply half cycles, forming 3 power supply half cycles is beginning node address, and 3 cycle times are instruction code thereafter, preceding
2 power supply half cycles are communication sign on, and rear 1 power supply half cycles are sign off instruction, when being finally spaced a cycle
Between be stop position.Command content and relay status determine current working status according to behaviour to each node microcontroller S1 based on the received
Work sequence executing instruction operations, such as communication start first receive beginning node instruction later to be terminal node instruction, then
It is only each street-lamp node instruction, node instruction other nodes in beginning can not receive when communication starts, and the instruction that each node receives is equal
It saves, determines for operation order, it is deleted after sign off and saves content.Instruction saves in memory, then sequentially takes
Instruction execution out.Half wave communication of power line starts, and master controller sends power supply to KC after beginning KA completes power supply switching
Switching command, finally sends cutting road lamp power supply instruction to the KB of each street-lamp node, KC with KB power supply handoff procedure is identical.Communication
End is to start the switching of beginning node power again after other nodes complete switching.
In Fig. 3 power line half-wave telecommunication circuit S8 only include communications electronics switch in reference paper, switch drive module,
Cycle discriminator circuit and main controller are opened for communications electronics in mains AC power supply L2, N2 and Fig. 3 of half wave communication of power line
It closes the input terminal of S6 and the switch drive module in reference paper, cycle discriminator circuit input terminal is connected, wherein main controller S7
With the micro controller module 1 in Centralized Controller S9 through RS232 port communications, Centralized Controller S9 and power line half-wave telecommunication circuit
Connection between S8 and Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit is only in the end KC communication channel at the end KA and the difference at the end KC
In plus Phototube Coupling S10, this is because belonging to same transformation in the end KA Centralized Controller S9 and power line half-wave telecommunication circuit S8
The area Qi Tai is to belong to differently transformer platform area at the end KC.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is grid cyclic wave receiving and transmitting signal position data relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure block diagram of electricity consumption data acquisition management system；
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure block diagram that half wave communication of power line is realized using road lighting cable route.
(5) specific embodiment:
A kind of circuit structure of electricity consumption data acquisition management system is as shown in Figures 2 and 3.By Centralized Controller and multiple electricity
It can table and communication system composition.Centralized Controller is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, computer 2,1 structure of micro controller module
At.Electric energy meter is made of signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, electric energy metering module 10 and micro controller module 1, centralized control
Device and electric energy meter use the power line communication.Electric energy metering module 10 uses kilowatt-hour meter special chip AD7751.Centralized control
Micro controller module 1 in device is connect by RS232 with computer, and some computers pass through USB-RS232 without RS232 interface and turn
Parallel operation connection, so as to the data for using computer and printer processes to acquire.
Signal sending end A, signal receiving end B and the microcontroller of power line communication described in Centralized Controller and electric energy meter
Module 1 is identical with the hardware configuration of power module 4.
The signal sending end A of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch 5, switching signal timer 3, electricity
Net voltage is connected to the output end of high-speed power control switch 5.
The signal receiving end B of the power line communication is compared by twin voltage comparator 7, High-speed Control switch 6,0 voltage excessively
Device 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are constituted.Grid cyclic wave connects after electric resistance partial pressure with 7 input terminal of twin voltage comparator, crosses 0 electricity
Pressure comparator 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are all made of ns grades of high speed voltage comparator MAX319.The high-speed power control is opened
Pass is a kind of controllable DC-DC power source switch, and D/C voltage height is used as signal electric after being converted by adjusting pulsewidth duty cycle adjustment
Pressure.
Micro controller module 1 uses High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S, this is a kind of single clock/machine cycle (1T)
Single-chip microcontroller, speed ratio STC12 also fast 20% is high speed/low-power consumption/superpower jamproof 8051 single-chip microcontroller of new generation, no AD
Conversion.
The single-phase firewire and zero curve of power grid connect the input port of signal sending end output port and receiving end, wherein power grid
Zero line grounding end.The window region network voltage control is in 55V voltage range, machine shell protective grounding, and has high voltage
The security warning in area, trouble hunting should install the isolating transformer that no-load voltage ratio is 1:1 additional, avoid because of failure accidental shock.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implementation method of electricity consumption data acquisition management system, it is characterised in that:
The electricity consumption data that electric energy meter acquires each electricity consumer in a transformer platform area is uploaded to collection by power line communication method
Middle controller realizes that power line half-wave is logical using road lighting cable route between two Centralized Controllers of different transformer platform areas
Letter；
The power line communication is determined by the signal sending point of the setting to grid cyclic wave voltage and the accurate of signal receiving point
Communication is realized in position, and it is prominent to generate to send a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting
Time-dependent current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer,
To complete a signal modulation process, signal receiving point demodulated signal of the receiving end in the setting of grid cyclic wave voltage；It is described
One positive rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of the setting in grid cyclic wave voltage
Modulating and demodulating signal step with the signal receiving point of setting includes:
It sends: crossing the overturning of 0 voltage comparator when the cycle that the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is arranged in and generated 0 interruption, after being delayed
Time after making it be delayed falls in the signal sending point of the setting of all wave voltages, and firing switch signal timing device simultaneously connects high speed electricity
Source control switch, by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave；
It receives: the low-voltage window being made of the threshold range of high threshold voltage and low threshold voltage being arranged by twin voltage comparator
Mouth region, when all wave voltages of input fall in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, makes under microcontroller control
High-speed Control switch in an ON state, signal voltage comparator directly all wave voltages signal receive position receive signal and
Cycle time parameter is measured, received signal is determined whether in the signal receiving point error range of setting, in low-voltage window
Make High-speed Control switch in an off state other than mouth region.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the signal sending point and signal receiving point of setting are in power grid
The voltage of cycle positive half cycle, which is crossed at 0, was arranged 0 voltage comparator, in a setting cycle voltage location of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Setting signal voltage comparator, the output of the signal voltage comparator a cycle positive half cycle all wave voltages of setting two
Realize overturning in a position；The cycle positive half cycle ascent stage the setting week wave voltage position as the first signal location,
The cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as the first signal set point, in the setting week of cycle positive half cycle descending branch
As second signal position, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal setting for the position of wave voltage
Point；
The signal voltage comparator is a setting cycle being arranged between voltage 21V -40V of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Voltage location；
It is described by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave, being by a positive 35V to the setting square between 60V
Shape wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading in the signal sending point on grid cyclic wave, the width value of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage be 0.3ms~
0.5ms can provide signal code value 1A -20A.
4. realizing electric power using road lighting cable route between the Centralized Controller of difference transformer platform area according to claim 1
The method of half wave communication of line, it is characterized in that being respectively provided with Double power of single-phase source at power line half-wave communication line both ends and each street-lamp node
Automatic switching circuit, wherein power line half-wave communication line is known as beginning close to one end of street lamp intelligent monitoring device, and the other end claims
For terminal, main controller is the control of the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node in half wave communication of power line at beginning
Commander sender processed, referred to as master controller, power supply conversion is to detect electricity in master controller when half wave communication of power line
Line of force cycle near zero-crossing point Qie Huan ﹔
After being switched to half wave communication of power line, power module (S3) connects with power line half wave power supply, as each switching node
Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit in the direct current Qu of DC coil contactor and relay move electricity Yuan ﹔
In the Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each street-lamp node and terminal node, dropped by power line half wave power supply through capacitor C
Pressure is sent into power module (S4) after bridge rectifier, provide microcontroller (control instruction described in S1) electricity Yuan ﹔ from master controller to
The Double power of single-phase source automatic switching circuit of each switching node is sent, and the cycle input module of each node receives the control of master controller
System instruction, in half wave communication of power line, electric supply is in half wave communication half-wave power supply state, each cycle time only has
Half of cycle power supply is known as a half cycle ﹔ of power supply
The control instruction includes address bit and control bit, and 30 to 50 cycle times power supplies are arranged in every instruction beginning, should
Cycle power after capacitor charging in power module (S4), the reception of microcontroller (S1) is provided and saves the electric energy of instruction,
Being spaced cycle time afterwards is start bit, is then address bit and instruction code position, sets 5 cycle times altogether as address bit,
Wherein preceding 3 power supply half cycles are whole street-lamp nodes address, and rear 2 power supply half cycles are terminal node address, every 2 power supplies
One power supply half cycles of half cycles midfeather, forming 3 power supply half cycles is beginning node address, thereafter 3 cycle time
For instruction code, preceding 2 power supply half cycles are communication sign on, and rear 1 power supply half cycles are sign off instruction, between last
It is stop position every a cycle time, instruction saves in memory, then sequentially takes out instruction execution, half wave communication of power line
Start, other nodes start to switch after beginning node completes power supply switching, otherwise sign off is cut in the completion of other nodes
Start node power switching in beginning after changing again.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal receiving point demodulated signal in setting, includes
The signal that confirmation or erasing are sent from the signal sending point of setting, during transmitting terminal sends signal, letter transmitted by transmitting terminal
Number simultaneously receiving end receive, if received position value information is different from the position value information of transmission, then send the position
Erasing signal, each data bit is erasable in each frame information and retransmits, if erasing is unsuccessful, continues to send this wiping
Except signal until sending successfully.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, institute's rheme value is received with signal voltage comparator in signal
Point does not overturn to send position signal " 1 ", overturns to send position signal " 0 ", wherein the first signal set point of address or data bit
For transmitting-receiving address or data, second signal set point is confirmation or the information that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 0 " is
Confirmation, sending " 1 " is erasing, and it is to start to send that signal voltage comparator, which sends " 1 " in the first signal set point, in start bit,
It is to send address frame that second signal set point, which sends " 1 ", and sending " 0 " is data frame, and stop bits is in the first signal set point to send out
" 0 " is sent to terminate, second signal set point does not have to.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of setting and the accurate of signal receiving point are determined
Position includes the error compensation of set signal sending point and signal receiving point, while crossing 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage ratio
Ns grades of high speed voltage comparators and High Speed Microcontroller are all made of compared with device.
8. according to claim 1 and method of claim 7, which is characterized in that signal sending point and signal receiving point
It is accurately positioned and its compensation method of error is that first computing system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time
Time interval to the first signal set point is nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 to be arrived for start time
The time interval of second signal set point is nominal value Tm2；
And time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage overturns was measured as start time to signal electricity
Press the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition as start time
To the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc2；Signal voltage comparator exists
The reality of time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn was arrived in second signal position when overturning
When measured value Tc3；Cross time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles is overturn
For cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu；
When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are true, the cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu being detected simultaneously by
In 20ms and its error range, the cycle is measured to cross 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn and be
The a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc010 overturning is crossed with this
For a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc02, save 30 to
The obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1
With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit；
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；
By TbIt saves, TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing；
The extremely multiple setting byte number of the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 is needed according to power grid quality and signal structure,
The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, start later
The communication of next frame retransmits the information frame if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic；
It realizes that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits and connects in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
Continuous, Centralized Controller or electric energy meter measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2And Tc3, and point
It Ji Suan not two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and it is stored in two groups respectively
Storage unit, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、Tk2With
Tk3After reset two groups of storage units, the storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, not in communication period,
Continuous 16 real-time measurement values T are measured respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If it is false for screening to cycle signal, the T is resetc1、
Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15, it takes
One group of T being finally stored in outc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, calculates each group taken out
Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3；
It sends the determination of signal time: continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves must be screened out before receiving and sending messages, i.e., in fact
When measurement storage unit in have no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3
It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16, transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb,
Obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；
Td2=Tk2+Tb；
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit, T after each frame information is sentk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated；
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to being used
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switching signal determine
When device timing length, be easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, be used for Td1Point sends the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
The setting sending time T of punchingf1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset；
Rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, and rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is high more relative to all wave voltages
More, the signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, and cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement that generates of latter stage it is more, it is uneven to generate the displacement, shifts through test measurement receiving point and determines hair
The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of sending end and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan；
Signal transmission process: grid cyclic wave voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output port through sending, when cycle positive half cycle
The cycle of ascent stage crosses the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
Connecting high-speed power control switch can make fundamental frequency in T by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic waved1
Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline；
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction execution
Time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin；
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time；
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, to complete
Signal modulation process；
Above-mentioned Ti2Value also according to receiving end signaling point displacement it is how many adjust in real time, method are as follows: if the signal electricity of measurement
Press comparator flip-flop transition closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases rectangular wave broad pulse voltage,
If signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
9. a kind of device of electricity consumption data acquisition management system, it is characterised in that including,
The signal sending end of power line communication described in Centralized Controller and electric energy meter, signal receiving end and micro controller module
Hardware configuration is identical,
The signal sending end of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch, switching signal timer；
The signal receiving end of the power line communication is switched by twin voltage comparator, High-speed Control, crosses 0 voltage comparator and signal
Voltage comparator is constituted.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the signal receiving end of the power line communication is by power grid
All wave voltages are through High-speed Control switch control, and only in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle, directly filtering is followed by after conditioning
To signal voltage comparator input terminal, High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point, isolation
Grid cyclic wave high voltage, signal voltage comparator directly receive position in the signal of all wave voltages and receive signal and measurement cycle
Time parameter；
The signal sending end of the power line communication, network voltage are connected to high-speed power control switch output end, in cycle just half
All ascent stage cycles cross the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
High-speed power control switch is connected, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810591421 | 2018-06-10 | ||
| CN2018105914214 | 2018-06-10 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111487456A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-08-04 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for extracting characteristic signal from power frequency signal and file management method |
| CN116187825A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-05-30 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Safety electricity utilization detection method and system |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111487456A (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2020-08-04 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for extracting characteristic signal from power frequency signal and file management method |
| CN111487456B (en) * | 2020-03-27 | 2021-11-16 | 威胜信息技术股份有限公司 | Method and system for extracting characteristic signal from power frequency signal and file management method |
| CN116187825A (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2023-05-30 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Safety electricity utilization detection method and system |
| CN116187825B (en) * | 2023-01-03 | 2024-03-29 | 北京智芯微电子科技有限公司 | Safety electricity utilization detection method and system |
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Application publication date: 20190712 |