CN109920235A - A kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording - Google Patents
A kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording Download PDFInfo
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- CN109920235A CN109920235A CN201910340759.7A CN201910340759A CN109920235A CN 109920235 A CN109920235 A CN 109920235A CN 201910340759 A CN201910340759 A CN 201910340759A CN 109920235 A CN109920235 A CN 109920235A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C17/00—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link
- G08C17/02—Arrangements for transmitting signals characterised by the use of a wireless electrical link using a radio link
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recordings, include Centralized Controller, zone controller, data acquisition module and each digital output water meter.Data acquisition module passes through the measurement data of the multiple digital output water meters of serial acquisition, and zone controller is transferred data to by power line communication, a zone controller is arranged in each building, Centralized Controller is transferred data in zone controller synchronization time of setting, Centralized Controller accesses 4G mobile radio communication network by wireless router and master station networks, and user accesses the computer management system of master station using cell phone application.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recordings, include Centralized Controller, zone controller, data
Acquisition module is crossed 0 area's specified point to grid cyclic wave voltage and is sent wide pulse signal generation mutation electricity using power line communication method
Stream, as the position value of signal, zone controller receives the data of each data collecting module collected, and is connect by wireless router
Enter 4G mobile radio communication network, from regardless of all mobile phone, computer and handheld mobile device can be used to realize wirelessly in where
Networking.
(2) background technique:
Current power line communication refers mainly to power line carrier communication and bi-directional Glenn shunt.Power line carrier communication PLC benefit
Signal is transmitted by carrier system with existing power line.But distribution transformer has barrier action to power carrier signal, simultaneously
Transmission has the very big loss of signal again between three-phase power line, so power carrier signal can only be in a distribution transformer platform area
Transmission, and can only be transmitted in single-phase electricity line.In practical application, when power line zero load, point-to-point carrier signal can be transferred to
Several kilometers, but when load is very heavy on power line, tens meters can only be transmitted, therefore power line carrier communication is only applied remote at present
In journey meter reading, also need to cooperate other means of communication.
Bi-directional Glenn shunt TWACS, which is utilized, is added modulated signal in power-frequency voltage fundamental wave zero passage area, with the electricity in this region
The distorted signal of pressure or current waveform carries information.TWACS system equipment exists only in substation and user terminal.Wherein by power transformation
Standing to the channel of user terminal transmission is output channel, carries information using the modulation of voltage waveform, is passed from user terminal to substation
Defeated channel is input channel, transmits information using the variation of current waveform.Its receiving and transmitting signal passes through coupling transformer and electricity
The crosslinking of power net.
The detection of TW A CS signal is mainly based upon time-domain difference technology, these methods mostly data processing complex, in real time
Property it is poor, equipment cost is high, needs to acquire a large amount of signal of multiple cycles relatively and carries out A/D conversion respectively, then carries out complicated meter
It calculates, just can determine that the signal position is " 1 " or " 0 ", due to the preciseness of calculating, interference signal can seriously affect detected signal
Judgement as a result, therefore original method be difficult China apply.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in the present invention, and the true and false judgement of synchrotimer and cycle signal is screened
With reference to my 2016 yearly correlation patents.
(3) summary of the invention:
Power line bi-directional Glenn shunt be when silicon-controlled 30 ° of triggering and conductings before zero crossing of modulation circuit, by every
Modulated signal is generated from transformer, makes grid cyclic wave that short circuit distortion occur, exports the frequency of modulated signal in 200~600Hz
Range, receiving end demodulate useful letter by acquisition, A/D conversion and the series of computation to multiple groups cycle distorted signal
Breath.But China's power network uses isolated neutral or small current neutral grounding system, electricity consumption situation is complicated, the two-way power frequency of power line
Communication can hardly find practical applications in China.
The present invention relates to a kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recordings, include Centralized Controller, zone controller, data
Acquisition module and each digital output water meter.Its digital output water meter selects pulse to export water meter, ultrasonic water meter, electromagnetic current
Meter etc., every water meter all may be provided with unique number and be stored in user's storage unit of Centralized Controller.Data acquisition module
Block passes through the measurement data of the multiple digital output water meters of serial acquisition, and transfers data to region control by power line communication
Device processed reduces wiring installation using power line communication.A zone controller is arranged in each building, in area's synchronization time of setting
Domain controller transfers data to Centralized Controller, and at this moment data acquisition module, which suspends to zone controller, transmits data.It concentrates
Controller accesses 4G mobile radio communication network by wireless router and master station networks, and user accesses master station using cell phone application
Computer management system.Microcontroller is communicated by serial ports with 4G wireless router in Centralized Controller, and wireless by 4G
Router accesses mobile radio communication network.
The power line communication of use is the essence by the signal sending point and signal receiving point that set to grid cyclic wave voltage
It determines that communication is realized in position, sends a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to produce
Raw mutation current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer
On, to complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；It is described
One positive rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.Because only sending single rectangular wave
Broad pulse is to electric network influencing very little, and structure simple signal recall rate is high.The microcontroller STC15F2K60S of system, is adopted
With external crystal-controlled oscillation, frequency 35MHz, signal procedure is write with assembler language, to reduce communication instruction holding time.Or using other
Model High Speed Microcontroller.
The setting of signal transmitting and receiving position: it is crossed at 0 in the voltage of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle and 0 voltage comparator was set, in electricity
A setting cycle voltage location setting signal voltage comparator between voltage 21V -40V of net week wave positive half cycle.In this way,
The output of signal voltage comparator realizes overturning in two positions of all wave voltages of setting of a cycle positive half cycle.Cycle just
The position of the setting week wave voltage of half cycle ascent stage is as the first signal location, all wave voltages of setting signal transmitting-receiving point
Position is known as the first signal set point, cycle positive half cycle descending branch the setting week wave voltage position as second signal
The cycle voltage location of position, setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal set point.Microcontroller STC15F2K60S can be with
It is that rising edge triggers or failing edge triggers that external interrupt, which is arranged, has served as 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in power grid week
The ascent stage of wave positive half cycle or descending branch, which generate after overturning triggering is interrupted, changes down trigger mode, or and by different interruptions
Source generates interruption.
The condition that signal transmitting and receiving has: 0 voltage comparator of mistake and signal voltage comparator are all made of ns grades of height
Fast voltage comparator.The time mistake that overturning and triggering are interrupted can reduce using High Speed Microcontroller and high speed voltage comparator
Difference, and have the resolution ratio of sufficiently high detection overturning triggering break period, cooperate the position of signal to wipe the skill with synchrotimer
Art means improve the recall rate that grid cyclic wave carries information.It needs to transmit by ns grades of high-speed power control switch basis signal
Distance it is tests determined by transmitted positive 35V to a setting rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading between 60V in power grid
Signal sending point on cycle, the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage are higher than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded.Basis signal
The width of the tests determined rectangular wave broad pulse voltage of the distance that need to be transmitted is 0.3ms~0.5ms, can provide signal code 1A-
20A.It is displaced all wave voltages in the time of the signal location, so that the high speed voltage comparator of receiving end be made to connect in signal
Sink is not overturn, is taken " 0 " to send as the position (BIT) in signal, is otherwise taken " 1 " to send for the position (BIT) in signal.Therefore only
When the position value in signal overturn signal voltage comparator should in signal receiving point, due to interference be not flipped just have by
Interference effect.
Signal receiving end setting: signal receiving end is made of High-speed Control switch and signal voltage comparator, in microcontroller
Device controls lower High-speed Control switch, and only the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point is opened.In the first signal transmitting and receiving point when week
Week wave voltage positive half cycle ascent stage wave voltage cross 0 interruption after, after the 0.1ms that is delayed connect High-speed Control switch, work as signal voltage
Comparator shutdown High-speed Control switch after the 0.3ms that is delayed after the overturning of the first signal transmitting and receiving point is interrupted；It is received and dispatched in second signal
Point is when signal voltage comparator is after week cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, wave voltage crossed 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedicAfter connect High-speed Control
Switch Tic=Ti2- 0.1ms, 0.1ms turns off High-speed Control and opens before cycle positive half cycle descending branch week, wave voltage crossed 0 interruption
It closes, in this way, the low-voltage window region around the first signal transmitting and receiving point and second signal transmitting-receiving point is formd, when the cycle of input
When voltage falls in low-voltage window region, High-speed Control is switched in an ON state, and signal voltage comparator is directly in all wave voltages
Signal receive position receive signal and measurement cycle time parameter, determine received signal whether setting signal receive
Within the scope of point tolerance, High-speed Control switch is in an off state other than low-voltage window region.Therefore, grid cyclic wave voltage is through height
Fast control switch control, only in two low-voltage window regions of cycle positive half cycle, directly filtering is followed by signal voltage ratio after conditioning
Compared with device input terminal, High-frequency Interference is filtered out by fundamental frequency signal re-demodulation signal of communication, grid cyclic wave high voltage has been isolated, is dropped
The low error as caused by bleeder circuit.
The erasing and repeating transmission of position value in signal: during transmitting terminal sends signal, when high-speed power control switch is opened
Afterwards, signal transmitted by transmitting terminal simultaneously receiving end signal voltage comparator receive, if received position value information with
The position value information of transmission is different, then then sends the erasing signal of this.Each data bit is erasable in each frame information
Retransmit, using control bit receive and dispatch erasing signal, if wipe twice in succession it is unsuccessful, that is, send erasing frame signal, to mention
High signal recall rate.Only when the quantity for being wiped free of position is more than setting value, just wipe and retransmission of information frame.
Information frame generates: system is the communication of two machines or principal and subordinate's multi-computer communication, is allocated in advance when for principal and subordinate's multi-computer communication
Synchronization time is used in the communication of each machine, and setting section synchronization time can communicate one or many, communicates multiple information frames every time, synchronization
Period timing terminates, and synchrotimer resets and restarts timing.
Institute's rheme is binary digit.Each information frame is made of start bit, data bit, stop bits.Every bit occupancy one
In the period, data bit totally 8, position value does not overturn the overturning to send position signal " 0 " in signal receiving point with signal voltage comparator
To send position signal " 1 ".Microcontroller records valid data digit and erase process occupied digit during transmitting-receiving,
Middle valid data digit shows that data bit transmission terminates when reaching 8 digit of setting.Wherein the first signal set point of data bit
For sending and receiving data, second signal set point is confirmation or the data that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is confirmation,
Sending " 0 " is erasing.It is to start to send that signal voltage comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point, in start bit, stop bits
In the first signal set point to send " 1 " end.The second signal set point of start bit and stop bits does not have to.
The compensation of signal transmitting and receiving location error: China's sinusoidal ac mains frequency be 50Hz, voltage effective value 220V,
Its instantaneous voltage u is calculated by following formula:
U=Umsin100 π t；.........................................1
In formula: UmFor China's network voltage peak value
As shown in Figure 1, system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time to the first signal set point
Time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time to second signal set point
Time interval is nominal value Tm2.The Tm1And Tm2It is calculated by 1 formula, u is to set all wave voltages in formula.
Simultaneously measured 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage mistake 0 overturn when time arrived for start time
The real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition when being
Between starting point to signal voltage comparator second signal position overturn when time interval real-time measurement values Tc2；Signal voltage ratio
It was arrived when second signal position is overturn between time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn compared with device
Every real-time measurement values Tc3；Cross 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles mistake 0 overturn when
Between between be divided into cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu.
Since power grid crosses the left and right shake that 0 error showed as at 0 point, but sending and receiving end synchronized 0 and to cross 0 overturning as base
Locating tab assembly cycle time parameter, crossing 0 shake influences very little to measurement cycle time parameter, therefore ignores 0 voltage comparator and cross 0
Overturning and timing error.When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are cycle period reality that is true, being detected simultaneously by
When measured value Tzu in 20ms and its error range, measure the cycle to cross 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage
The a reference value T of time interval when crossing 0 overturning for start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc01
The a reference value that 0 overturning is time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturn is crossed with this
Tc02, save the obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 30 to 50c01And Tc02And it calculates and is saved
Tc01Average value Tp1With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit.
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；………………2
By TbIt saves.TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing.
Measurement described above, wherein Tc1Or Tc01It is to cross 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in cycle just half
Week crossed on the basis of the flip-flop transition of 0 position and signal location, but actual measurement is after overturning triggering interruption with voltage comparator
On the basis of the timing time of timer, in this way, having served as triggering after mistake 0 of 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn
The process for interrupting and starting timer, there are time for each instructions, it need to be added in the timing time of the measurement；Meanwhile institute
The timing time for stating measurement, which need to subtract the triggering after the overturning of the first signal location, to interrupt and reads the instruction of process of timer and hold
The row time.The execution time for also needing an instruction being carrying out comprising microcontroller after overturning is interrupted in triggering after wherein overturning,
It can postpone interruption, and microcontroller STC15F2K60S is the single-chip microcontroller of 1T, this is easy to obtain the instruction time.Second
Signal location measures Tc2Or Tc02Similarly, T is measuredc3When be also similar to above.
The judgement of the cycle true and false: by Tc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2；Tzu makes comparisons respectively with 20ms, if fair at it respectively
Perhaps in cycle error range, then the cycle signal detected is very, otherwise to there is more overproof, the cycle detected
Signal is false.Not in communication period and in the T of communication periodc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2Difference is respectively set when making comparisons respectively
Cycle error range, since the first signal location of communication period and second signal position are shifted, and biggish cycle is taken to miss
Poor range.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in system, and wherein synchrotimer saves each cycle period and counted with 20ms
The cycle period aggregate-value of calculation is as synchronization time.When above-mentioned judgement cycle signal is true, saves Tzu and take 20ms and synchronometer
When device timing time be added, the value that will add up restores in synchrotimer, if the cycle signal detected be it is false, will be all
Wave signal is timing time during the vacation compared with 20ms is multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation, if in error range,
20ms is taken to be added multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation with synchrotimer timing time, when detecting that cycle signal is again
The time synchronisation time is accurately corrected when true, and otherwise using cycle signal is timing time and synchrotimer timing during the vacation
Time is added.It is ± 0.1Hz when generally running, when the relative error since power system frequency deviation allowable value is 0.2Hz
When more than 6ms, illustrate that power grid has occurred compared with major break down.
The synchronization of signal transmitting and receiving: communication is realized under control synchronization time.Communication transmits multiple information frames each time, often
At the beginning of secondary communication use synchronization time, be it is preset or by zone controller instruct arrange, according to power grid quality and letter
Number structure needs the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 to multiple setting byte numbers, and power grid quality takes well biggish set
Determine byte number.The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3。
Start the communication of next frame later, if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic, retransmits the information frame.
Realize that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
It connects.Centralized Controller, zone controller or data acquisition module in the call duration time gap of described two frames, respectively measurement and
Store Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, and calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Be averaged
Value Tk3, and it is stored in two groups of storage units, i.e. T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from depositing
Storage unit takes out Tk1、Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units.The storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2
And Tc3.Not in communication period, continuous 16 real-time measurement values T are measured respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3It is if screened to cycle signal
Vacation then resets the Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue measurement and storage when screening to cycle signal is true, deposit
One T of every deposit when fullc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while pressing one in 2 to 15
Number is taken out in setting, takes out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, calculates institute
The each group of T taken outc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2With
Tk3, using average value Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Reduce the influence of network voltage and frequency fluctuation.
Send the determination of signal time: communication is implemented in the single-phase phase line in a transformer platform area of power grid,
And it makes an appointment by the synchrotimer time and starts call duration time.Holding with address information is first broadcasted by zone controller when communication
Hand signal, when zone controller requires some data acquisition module to zone controller feedback information, the data acquisition module
Just information is sent to zone controller.Centralized Controller, zone controller or data acquisition module are same in the communication made an appointment
Before the step time receives and sends messages, it is necessary to screen out continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves, i.e., in real-time measurement storage unit
There are no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3It is then sequentially delayed until inspection
Until measuring 16.Transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, obtain with error compensation
The practical transmitting-receiving point T of first signald1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；………………………………………3
Td2=Tk2+Tb；………………………………………4
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；………………………………………5
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit.Send T after each frame informationk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated.
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to
Used rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switch
The timing length of signal timing device is easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, is used for Td1Point sends rectangle
The setting sending time T of wave broad pulsef1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；…………………………6
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；…………………………7
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset.
In the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, since rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
Rush that the voltage more therefore transmitted rectangular wave broad pulses high relative to all wave voltages are more powerful, the signal of generation receives
Point displacement is more, and displacement is uneven, sets turnover voltage in the other time segment signal voltage comparator of loading procedure, from
The voltage location of ON signal receiving point；Cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on the latter stage of cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, in this way, according to the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage actually used through test measurement receiving point
Shift the midpoint for determining the switching signal timer time of transmitting terminal and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan, connect signal
It receives more reliable.
Signal transmission process: transmitting terminal is crossed the overturning of 0 voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle ascent stage cycle and was generated in 0
It is disconnected, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, the sending time after making it be delayed falls in the signal sending point of all wave voltage settings, firing switch
Signal timing device simultaneously connects high-speed power control switch, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave, meeting
Make fundamental frequency in Td1Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline, and certain harmonic wave can be injected to system.
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction
The execution time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；………………………………………8
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin.………………………………………9
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time.
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, thus
Complete a signal modulation process.
In view of the decaying of signals transmission, and demodulation is using cycle voltage over zero as time reference, in this way
In Long Distant Transmit, the cycle voltage phase difference of sending and receiving end will cause setting and receives signal time position and actual signal signal
Occur deviation between time location and shadow communication performance, therefore when not taking the method for eliminating deviation, communication distance is limited
System is in same transformer platform area.
The demodulation of signal: signal voltage comparator of the receiving end when receiving signal is in the first signal location real-time measurement
Tc1Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc1Previous Tc1Subtract TbValue afterwards make comparisons whether
Within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determine that the first signal location receives position value in signal；Signal voltage comparator is second
The T of signal location real-time measurementc3Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc3Previous Tc3Subtract Tb
Whether value afterwards makes comparisons within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determines that second signal position receives position value in signal.
The control of signal transmitting power: when transmitting terminal switching signal timer fires and high-speed power control switch is connected
Afterwards, the external interrupt mouth of microcontroller opening signal receiving end immediately detects signal voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle first
The flip-flop transition of signal location and second signal position, with Td1And Td3It compares and whether shifts and its shift amount, if signal is electric
Press comparator flip-flop transition closer to Td1, illustrate to send rectangular wave broad pulse energy is relatively smaller or electric network impedance relatively
It is low.
If the signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition of measurement is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power, which controls, opens
It closes and increases rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is grid cyclic wave receiving and transmitting signal position data relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure block diagram of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording.
(5) specific embodiment:
A kind of circuit structure block diagram of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording is as shown in Figure 2.Comprising Centralized Controller,
Zone controller and data acquisition module.Centralized Controller and zone controller include signal sending end A, signal receiving end B,
Keyboard display module 10 and micro controller module 1.Centralized Controller also includes 4G wireless router 2.Data acquisition module is by believing
Number transmitting terminal A, signal receiving end B, digital output water meter 7 and micro controller module 1 are constituted, and Centralized Controller and region control
Device and data acquisition module use the power line communication.Master station be positioned at top layer computer management system by 4G without route
It is made of device, micro controller module and computer.
Signal sending end A, the signal of power line communication described in Centralized Controller, zone controller and data acquisition module
Receiving end B and micro controller module 1 are identical with the hardware configuration of power module 4.
The signal sending end A of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch 5, switching signal timer 3, electricity
Net voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output end.
The signal receiving end B of the power line communication is by High-speed Control switch 6, excessively 0 voltage comparator 8 and signal voltage ratio
It is constituted compared with device 9.It crosses 0 voltage comparator 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 is all made of ns grades of high speed voltage comparator MAX319.Institute
Stating high-speed power control switch is a kind of controllable DC-DC power source switch, D/C voltage after being converted by adjusting pulsewidth duty cycle adjustment
Height is used as signal voltage.
Micro controller module 1 uses High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S, this is a kind of single clock/machine cycle (1T)
Single-chip microcontroller, speed ratio STC12 also fast 20% is high speed/low-power consumption/superpower jamproof 8051 single-chip microcontroller of new generation, no AD
Conversion.
The single-phase firewire and zero curve of power grid connect the output port of signal sending end and the input port of receiving end, wherein power grid
Zero line grounding end.The window region network voltage control is in 55V voltage range, machine shell protective grounding, and has high electricity
The security warning of pressure area, trouble hunting should install the isolating transformer that no-load voltage ratio is 1:1 additional, avoid because of failure accidental shock.
2 model F3836 of 4G wireless router, can also select other model routers.F3836 is industrial built in one kind
Grade 32 bit processors and technical grade wireless module provide 1 RS232 (or RS485/ using embedded real-time operating system
RS422) 4 ethernet lans, 1 Ethernet WAN and 1 WIFI interface, can connect WIFI equipment, ethernet device simultaneously
Data transparent transmission and routing function are realized with serial equipment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implementation method of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording, each user data of data collecting module collected pass through electricity
Line of force communication means is uploaded to zone controller, and zone controller accesses 4G mobile radio communication network by wireless router,
Realize Wireless Networking, it is characterised in that:
The power line communication of use is that the signal sending point and the accurate of signal receiving point by setting to grid cyclic wave voltage are determined
Communication is realized in position, and it is prominent to generate to send a rectangular wave broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting
Time-dependent current, the mutation current cause a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer,
To complete a signal modulation process, the signal receiving point demodulated signal that receiving end is set in grid cyclic wave voltage；Described one
A anode rectangular wave broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the setting signal sending point in grid cyclic wave voltage and
The modulating and demodulating signal step of setting signal receiving point includes:
It sends: crossing the overturning of 0 voltage comparator when the cycle that the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is arranged in and generated 0 interruption, after being delayed
Sending time after making it be delayed falls in the signal sending point of all wave voltage settings, and firing switch signal timing device simultaneously connects high speed
Power control switch, by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic wave；
Receive: High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point under microcontroller control, shape
At the low-voltage window region around the first signal transmitting and receiving point and second signal transmitting-receiving point.When all wave voltages of input fall in it is low
When voltage window mouth region, High-speed Control is switched in an ON state, and signal voltage comparator is directly received in the signal of all wave voltages
Position receive signal and measurement cycle time parameter, determine received signal whether setting signal receiving point error range
Interior, High-speed Control switch is in an off state other than low-voltage window region.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the signal sending point and signal receiving point of setting are in power grid
The voltage of cycle positive half cycle, which is crossed at 0, was arranged 0 voltage comparator, in a setting cycle voltage location of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Setting signal voltage comparator, the output of the signal voltage comparator a cycle positive half cycle all wave voltages of setting two
Realize overturning in a position；The cycle positive half cycle ascent stage the setting week wave voltage position as the first signal location,
The cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as the first signal set point, in the setting week of cycle positive half cycle descending branch
As second signal position, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal setting for the position of wave voltage
Point；
The signal voltage comparator is a setting cycle being arranged between voltage 21V -40V of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Voltage location.
4. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by:
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading is set in the positive 35V of the signal sending point on grid cyclic wave to the voltage value between 60V；
The width value of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is 0.3ms~0.5ms；Signal code value 1A -20A can be provided.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal receiving point demodulated signal in setting, includes
The signal that confirmation or erasing are sent from the signal sending point of setting, during transmitting terminal sends signal, letter transmitted by transmitting terminal
Number simultaneously receiving end receive, if received position value information is different from the position value information of transmission, then send the position
Erasing signal, each data bit is erasable in each frame information and retransmits, if wiping twice in succession unsuccessful, that is, sends
Wipe the signal of frame.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, institute's rheme value is received with signal voltage comparator in signal
Point does not overturn to send position signal " 0 ", overturns to send position signal " 1 ", and wherein the first signal set point of data bit is transmitting-receiving
Data, second signal set point are confirmation or the data that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 1 " is confirmation, is sent " 0 "
It is to start to send that wipe, in start bit, signal voltage comparator, which sends " 0 " in the first signal set point, and stop bits is in the first letter
To send " 1 " end, the second signal set point of start bit and stop bits does not have to for number set point.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of setting and the accurate of signal receiving point are determined
Position includes the error compensation of set signal sending point and signal receiving point, while crossing 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage ratio
Ns grades of high speed voltage comparators and High Speed Microcontroller are all made of compared with device.
8. according to claim 1 and method of claim 7, which is characterized in that signal sending point and signal receiving point
It is accurately positioned and its compensation method of error, to be first computing system crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as the time
O'clock to the first signal set point time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time
Time interval to second signal set point is nominal value Tm2；
And time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage overturns was measured as start time to signal electricity
Press the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition as start time
To the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc2；Signal voltage comparator exists
The reality of time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn was arrived in second signal position when overturning
When measured value Tc3；Cross time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles is overturn
For cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu；
When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are true, the cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu being detected simultaneously by
In 20ms and its error range, the cycle is measured to cross 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn and be
The a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc010 overturning is crossed with this
For a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc02, save 30 to
The obtained a reference value T of continuously measurement of a setting number in 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1
With the T savedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit；
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；
By TbIt saves, TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing；
The extremely multiple setting byte number of the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 is needed according to power grid quality and signal structure,
The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, start later
The communication of next frame retransmits the information frame if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic；
It realizes that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits and connects in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
Continuous, zone controller or data acquisition module measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2With
Tc3, and calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and deposit respectively
Enter two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、
Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units, the storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, do not communicating
Period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15,
Take out one group of T being finally stored inc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each
The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3；
It sends the determination of signal time: continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves must be screened out before receiving and sending messages, i.e., in fact
When measurement storage unit in have no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3
It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16, transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb,
Obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；
Td2=Tk2+Tb；
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit, T after each frame information is sentk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated；
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to being used
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switching signal determine
When device timing length, be easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, be used for Td1Point sends the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
The setting sending time T of punchingf1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset；
Rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, and rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is high more relative to all wave voltages
More, the signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, and cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement that generates of latter stage it is more, generate the uneven of the displacement, shift and determine through test measurement receiving point
The midpoint of the switching signal timer time of transmitting terminal and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan；
Signal transmission process: grid cyclic wave voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output port, when the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage
Cycle cross 0 voltage comparator overturning generated 0 interruption, through be delayed Ti1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device and height is connected
Fast power control switch can make fundamental frequency in T by single positive pulse voltage Signal averaging on grid cyclic waved1Or Td2's
Voltage generates small displacement on a timeline；
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction execution
Time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin；
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time；
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, to complete
Signal modulation process；
Above-mentioned TiAnd Ti2Value also according to receiving end signaling point displacement it is how many adjust in real time, method are as follows: if the letter of measurement
Number voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases rectangular wave broad pulse electricity
Pressure, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
9. a kind of device of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording, it is characterised in that including,
Signal sending end, signal receiving end and the microcontroller of power line communication described in zone controller and data acquisition module
The hardware configuration of module is identical；
The signal sending end of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch, switching signal timer；
The signal receiving end of the power line communication is switched by High-speed Control, crosses 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator structure
At.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the signal receiving end of the power line communication is by power grid
All wave voltages through High-speed Control switch control, cycle positive half cycle two low-voltage window regions directly after conditioning filtering be followed by
Signal voltage comparator input terminal, High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point, isolation
Grid cyclic wave high voltage, signal voltage comparator is directly when the signal of all wave voltages receives position and receives signal and measurement cycle
Between parameter；
The signal sending end of the power line communication, network voltage are connected to high-speed power control switch output end, in cycle just half
All ascent stage cycles cross the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
High-speed power control switch is connected, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810591370 | 2018-06-10 | ||
| CN2018105913705 | 2018-06-10 |
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| CN201910340759.7A Withdrawn CN109920235A (en) | 2018-06-10 | 2019-04-25 | A kind of residential area Water-flowmeter auto-recording |
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| EP1274199A2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-08 | Somfy | Radio controlled control device |
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| CN105894789A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2016-08-24 | 福州台江区超人电子有限公司 | Automatic meter reading system for running water supply pipe network |
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| EP1274199A2 (en) * | 2001-06-26 | 2003-01-08 | Somfy | Radio controlled control device |
| CN101299756A (en) * | 2007-05-02 | 2008-11-05 | 华硕电脑股份有限公司 | Method and related apparatus for handling packet discard in a wireless communication system |
| CN201196834Y (en) * | 2008-04-03 | 2009-02-18 | 中国电力科学研究院 | Industrial frequency communication system of power distribution network |
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Application publication date: 20190621 |