CN108961729A - A kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system - Google Patents
A kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN108961729A CN108961729A CN201810821038.3A CN201810821038A CN108961729A CN 108961729 A CN108961729 A CN 108961729A CN 201810821038 A CN201810821038 A CN 201810821038A CN 108961729 A CN108961729 A CN 108961729A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
- G08C19/22—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses by varying the duration of individual pulses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08C—TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS FOR MEASURED VALUES, CONTROL OR SIMILAR SIGNALS
- G08C19/00—Electric signal transmission systems
- G08C19/16—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses
- G08C19/24—Electric signal transmission systems in which transmission is by pulses using time shift of pulses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B3/00—Line transmission systems
- H04B3/54—Systems for transmission via power distribution lines
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to line transmission systems
- H04B2203/54—Aspects of powerline communications not already covered by H04B3/54 and its subgroups
- H04B2203/5429—Applications for powerline communications
- H04B2203/5458—Monitor sensor; Alarm systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04Q—SELECTING
- H04Q2209/00—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems
- H04Q2209/60—Arrangements in telecontrol or telemetry systems for transmitting utility meters data, i.e. transmission of data from the reader of the utility meter
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
- Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management systems.One electric quantity monitoring instrument is set on the distribution line of each main electrical equipment, every electric quantity monitoring instrument includes one or several voltage transformer and current transformer, and the electricity data of each electric quantity monitoring instrument to collect sends centralized monitor processing to through power line communication.Centralized monitor accesses internet by Network Interface Module, and administrative staff can be used computer and handheld mobile device and access master station's computer management system at any time.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management systems, include centralized monitor and each electric quantity monitoring
Instrument is crossed 0 area's specified point to grid cyclic wave voltage and is sent wide pulse signal generation mutation current using power line communication method,
Grid cyclic wave is set to carry information.Centralized monitor receives the data of each electric quantity monitoring instrument to collect, and by being integrated with TCP/IP
The Network Interface Module of hardware protocol stacks accesses internet, so as to use computer and handheld mobile device to access remote computation
Machine management system.
(2) background technique:
Current power line communication refers mainly to power line carrier communication and bi-directional Glenn shunt.Power line carrier communication PLC benefit
Signal is transmitted by carrier system with existing power line.But distribution transformer has barrier action to power carrier signal, simultaneously
Transmission has the very big loss of signal again between three-phase power line, so power carrier signal can only be in a distribution transformer platform area
Transmission, and can only be transmitted in single-phase electricity line.In practical application, when power line zero load, point-to-point carrier signal can be transferred to
Several kilometers, but when load is very heavy on power line, tens meters can only be transmitted, therefore power line carrier communication is only applied remote at present
In journey meter reading, also need to cooperate other means of communication.
Bi-directional Glenn shunt TWACS, which is utilized, is added modulated signal in power-frequency voltage fundamental wave zero passage area, with the electricity in this region
The distorted signal of pressure or current waveform carries information.TWACS system equipment exists only in substation and user terminal.Wherein by power transformation
Standing to the channel of user terminal transmission is output channel, carries information using the modulation of voltage waveform, is passed from user terminal to substation
Defeated channel is input channel, transmits information using the variation of current waveform.Its receiving and transmitting signal passes through coupling transformer and electricity
The crosslinking of power net.
The detection of TW A CS signal is mainly based upon time-domain difference technology, these methods mostly data processing complex, in real time
Property it is poor, equipment cost is high, needs to acquire a large amount of signal of multiple cycles relatively and carries out A/D conversion respectively, then carries out complicated meter
It calculates, just can determine that the signal position is " 1 " or " 0 ", due to the preciseness of calculating, interference signal can seriously affect detected signal
Judgement as a result, therefore original method be difficult China apply.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in the present invention, and the true and false judgement of synchrotimer and cycle signal is screened
With reference to my 2016 yearly correlation patents.
(3) summary of the invention:
Power line bi-directional Glenn shunt be when silicon-controlled 30 ° of triggering and conductings before zero crossing of modulation circuit, by every
Modulated signal is generated from transformer, makes grid cyclic wave that short circuit distortion occur, exports the frequency of modulated signal in 200~600Hz
Range, receiving end demodulate useful letter by acquisition, A/D conversion and the series of computation to multiple groups cycle distorted signal
Breath.But China's power network uses isolated neutral or small current neutral grounding system, electricity consumption situation is complicated, the two-way power frequency of power line
Communication can hardly find practical applications in China.
The present invention relates to a kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management systems.Factory's new product is online or adds high-power
Equipment, it is often necessary to reconfigure distribution system, will usually measure the electrical parameter of every distribution line.In each main use
One electric quantity monitoring instrument is set on the distribution line of electric equipment, and every electric quantity monitoring instrument includes one or several mutual induction of voltage
Device and current transformer, the three-phase voltage of electric quantity monitoring instrument monitoring distribution line, three-phase current, active power, reactive power,
Power factor synchronizes sampling by the ADC of electric quantity monitoring instrument, and carries out conditioning transformation, each electric quantity monitoring to sampled signal
The electricity data of instrument to collect sends centralized monitor processing to through power line communication, reduces wiring work using power line communication
Journey.A centralized monitor is installed in each workshop, and centralized monitor is by being integrated with the network interface of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks
Module accesses internet, and the computer management system that computer and handheld mobile device access master station at any time can be used in administrative staff
System.
The power line communication of use is the signal sending point and signal receiving point by the setting to grid cyclic wave voltage
It is accurately positioned, sends a rectangle broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to generate mutation electricity
Stream, which causes a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer, to complete
Signal modulation process, signal receiving point demodulated signal of the receiving end in the setting of grid cyclic wave voltage；One anode
Broad pulse refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.Because only sending single rectangular wave broad pulse to power grid shadow
Very little is rung, and structure simple signal recall rate is high.The microcontroller STC15F2K60S of system, using external crystal-controlled oscillation, frequency
35MHz, signal procedure are write with assembler language, to reduce communication instruction holding time.Or use other model high speed microcontrollers
Device.
The setting of signal transmitting and receiving position: it is crossed at 0 in the voltage of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle and 0 voltage comparator was set, in electricity
A setting cycle voltage location setting signal voltage comparator between voltage 21V -40V of net week wave positive half cycle.In this way,
The output of signal voltage comparator realizes overturning in two positions of all wave voltages of setting of a cycle positive half cycle.Cycle just
The position of the setting week wave voltage of half cycle ascent stage is as the first signal location, all wave voltages of setting signal transmitting-receiving point
Position is known as the first signal set point, cycle positive half cycle descending branch the setting week wave voltage position as second signal
The cycle voltage location of position, setting signal transmitting-receiving point is known as second signal set point.Microcontroller STC15F2K60S can be with
It is that rising edge triggers or failing edge triggers that external interrupt, which is arranged, has served as 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in power grid week
The ascent stage of wave positive half cycle or descending branch, which generate after overturning triggering is interrupted, changes down trigger mode, or and by different interruptions
Source generates interruption.
The condition that signal transmitting and receiving has: 0 voltage comparator of mistake and signal voltage comparator are all made of ns grades of height
Fast voltage comparator.The time mistake that overturning and triggering are interrupted can reduce using High Speed Microcontroller and high speed voltage comparator
Difference, and have the resolution ratio of sufficiently high detection overturning triggering break period, cooperate the position of signal to wipe the skill with synchrotimer
Art means improve the recall rate that grid cyclic wave carries information.It needs to transmit by ns grades of high-speed power control switch basis signal
Distance it is tests determined by transmitted positive 35V to a setting rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading between 60V in power grid
Signal sending point on cycle, the rectangular wave broad pulse voltage are higher than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded.Basis signal
The width of the tests determined rectangular wave broad pulse voltage of the distance that need to be transmitted is 0.3ms~0.5ms, can provide signal code 1A-
20A.It is displaced all wave voltages in the time of the signal location, so that the high speed voltage comparator of receiving end be made to connect in signal
Sink is not overturn, is taken " 1 " to send as the position (BIT) in signal, is otherwise taken " 0 " to send for the position (BIT) in signal.Therefore only
When the position value in signal overturn signal voltage comparator should in signal receiving point, due to interference be not flipped just have by
Interference effect.
Signal receiving end setting: reception isolating transformer, the twin voltage comparator, height that signal receiving end is 1:1 by no-load voltage ratio
Fast control switch and signal voltage comparator are constituted, and the received isolating transformer of grid cyclic wave voltage of receiving end is connected to high speed and controls
All wave voltages of switch input terminal mouth processed, output port connect after electric resistance partial pressure with twin voltage comparator input terminal, double electricity
The low-voltage window region being made of the threshold range of high threshold voltage and low threshold voltage is arranged in pressure comparator.In microcontroller control
Under system, when all wave voltages of input fall in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, it is in High-speed Control switch
On-state, signal voltage comparator directly receive position in the signal of all wave voltages and receive signal and measurement cycle time ginseng
Number, determines received signal whether in the signal receiving point error range of setting, and high speed is made other than low-voltage window region
Control switch is in an off state.Therefore, all wave voltages are through High-speed Control switch control, only in two low electricity of cycle positive half cycle
Directly filtering is followed by signal voltage comparator input terminal pressure window region after conditioning, is filtered out High-frequency Interference and is passed through fundamental frequency signal
Cycle high voltage has been isolated in re-demodulation signal of communication, reduces the error as caused by bleeder circuit.The setting of twin voltage comparator
When low-voltage window region, it need to guarantee that the first signal location and second signal position are fallen in always in the low-voltage window region.
The erasing and repeating transmission of position value in signal: during transmitting terminal sends signal, when high-speed power control switch is opened
Afterwards, signal transmitted by transmitting terminal simultaneously receiving end signal voltage comparator receive, if received position value information with
The position value information of transmission is different, then then sends the erasing signal of this.Each data bit is erasable in each frame signal
It retransmits, erasing signal, if erasing is unsuccessful, that is, the erasing signal value information sent and received not phase is received and dispatched using control bit
Together, continue to send this erasing signal until sending successfully, then retransmit the position signal being wiped free of, other position signals that do not wipe are still
So effectively, to improve signal recall rate.Only when be wiped free of position quantity be more than setting value when, just wipe and retransmission of information
Frame.
Information frame generates: system is the communication of two machines or principal and subordinate's multi-computer communication, is allocated in advance when for principal and subordinate's multi-computer communication
Synchronization time is used in the communication of each machine, and setting section synchronization time can communicate one or many, communicates multiple information frames every time, synchronization
Period timing terminates, and synchrotimer resets and restarts timing.
Institute's rheme is binary digit.Each information frame is made of start bit, data bit, stop bits.Start bit and end
The every bit occupancy a cycle in position, data bit totally 8, two periods of every bit occupancy.Position value is with signal voltage comparator in signal
Receiving point does not overturn to send position signal " 1 ", overturns to send position signal " 0 ".Microcontroller records effectively during transmitting-receiving
Data bits and the occupied digit of erase process show that data bit passes when wherein valid data digit reaches 8 digit of setting
Send end.When first signal set point of each data bit sends position signal " 1 " or " 0 ", position signal " 1 " that second round sends or
" 0 " is with the period 1 on the contrary, its two kinds are combined " 1 ", " 0 " and " 0 ", " 1 " as position signal two different values.Second round
Second signal set point is confirmation or the data that the first signal set point of erasing is sent, and sending " 0 " is confirmation, and sending " 1 " is to wipe
It removes.It is to start to send that signal voltage comparator, which sends " 1 " in the first signal set point, in start bit, and stop bits is set in the first signal
Fixed point is terminated with sending " 0 ", and the second signal set point of start bit and stop bits does not have to.
The compensation of signal transmitting and receiving location error: China's sinusoidal ac mains frequency be 50Hz, voltage effective value 220V,
Its instantaneous voltage u is calculated by following formula:
U=Umsin100 π t；……………………….………….1
In formula: UmFor China's network voltage peak value
As shown in Figure 1, system is crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as start time to the first signal set point
Time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time to second signal set point
Time interval is nominal value Tm2.The Tm1And Tm2It is calculated by 1 formula, u is to set all wave voltages in formula.
Simultaneously measured 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage mistake 0 overturn when time arrived for start time
The real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition when being
Between starting point to signal voltage comparator second signal position overturn when time interval real-time measurement values Tc2；Signal voltage ratio
It was arrived when second signal position is overturn between time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn compared with device
Every real-time measurement values Tc3；Cross 0 voltage comparator the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles mistake 0 overturn when
Between between be divided into cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu.
Since power grid crosses the left and right shake that 0 error showed as at 0 point, but sending and receiving end synchronized 0 and to cross 0 overturning as base
Locating tab assembly cycle time parameter, crossing 0 shake influences very little to measurement cycle time parameter, therefore ignores 0 voltage comparator and cross 0
Overturning and timing error.When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are cycle period reality that is true, being detected simultaneously by
When measured value Tzu in 20ms and its error range, measure the cycle to cross 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage
The a reference value T of time interval when crossing 0 overturning for start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc01
The a reference value that 0 overturning is time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturn is crossed with this
Tc02, save the continuous T of a setting number in 30 to 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1With protected
The T depositedc02Average value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit.
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；………………2
By TbIt saves.TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing.
Measurement described above, wherein Tc1Or Tc01It is to cross 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage comparator in cycle just half
Week crossed on the basis of the flip-flop transition of 0 position and signal location, but actual measurement is after overturning triggering interruption with voltage comparator
On the basis of the timing time of timer, in this way, having served as triggering after mistake 0 of 0 voltage comparator in the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn
The process for interrupting and starting timer, there are time for each instructions, it need to be added in the timing time of the measurement；Meanwhile institute
The timing time for stating measurement, which need to subtract the triggering after the overturning of the first signal location, to interrupt and reads the instruction of process of timer and hold
The row time.The execution time for also needing an instruction being carrying out comprising microcontroller after overturning is interrupted in triggering after wherein overturning,
It can postpone interruption, and microcontroller STC15F2K60S is the single-chip microcontroller of 1T, this is easy to obtain the instruction time.Second
Signal location measures Tc2Or Tc02Similarly, T is measuredc3When be also similar to above.
The judgement of the cycle true and false: by Tc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2；Tzu makes comparisons respectively with 20ms, if fair at it respectively
Perhaps in cycle error range, then the cycle signal detected is very, otherwise to there is more overproof, the cycle detected
Signal is false.Not in communication period and in the T of communication periodc1With Tp1；Tc2With Tp2Difference is respectively set when making comparisons respectively
Cycle error range, since the first signal location of communication period and second signal position are shifted, and biggish cycle is taken to miss
Poor range.
Clock timer and synchrotimer is arranged in system, and wherein synchrotimer saves each cycle period and counted with 20ms
The cycle period aggregate-value of calculation is as synchronization time.When above-mentioned judgement cycle signal is true, saves Tzu and take 20ms and synchronometer
When device timing time be added, the value that will add up restores in synchrotimer, if the cycle signal detected be it is false, will be all
Wave signal is timing time during the vacation compared with 20ms is multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation, if in error range,
20ms is taken to be added multiplied by the product for cycle during the vacation with synchrotimer timing time, when detecting that cycle signal is again
The time synchronisation time is accurately corrected when true, and otherwise using cycle signal is timing time and synchrotimer timing during the vacation
Time is added.It is ± 0.1Hz when generally running, when the relative error since power system frequency deviation allowable value is 0.2Hz
When more than 6ms, illustrate that power grid has occurred compared with major break down.
The synchronization of signal transmitting and receiving: communication is realized under control synchronization time.Communication transmits multiple information frames each time, often
At the beginning of secondary communication use synchronization time, be it is preset or by centralized monitor instruct arrange, according to power grid quality and letter
Number structure needs the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 to multiple setting byte numbers, and power grid quality takes well biggish set
Determine byte number.The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for update Tc1, Tc2 and
Tc3.The communication of next frame since next cycle retransmits the information if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic
Frame.
Realize that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
It connects.Centralized monitor or electric quantity monitoring instrument measure respectively and store Tc1, T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc2
And Tc3, and calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and respectively
It is stored in two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit is taken out when from storage unit
Tk1、Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units.The storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3.Do not exist
Communication period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If it is false for screening to cycle signal, reset
The Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue measurement and storage when screening to cycle signal is true, often deposited when being filled with
Enter a Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while being taken out by a setting in 2 to 15
Number takes out the T of last one group of depositc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out every
One group of Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3, adopt
With average value Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Reduce the influence of network voltage and frequency fluctuation.
Send the determination of signal time: communication is implemented in the single-phase phase line in a transformer platform area of power grid,
And it makes an appointment by the synchrotimer time and starts call duration time.Holding with address information is first broadcasted by centralized monitor when communication
Hand signal, when centralized monitor requires some electric quantity monitoring instrument to centralized monitor feedback information, the electric quantity monitoring instrument
Just information is sent to centralized monitor.Centralized monitor or electric quantity monitoring instrument are in the communication synchronization time transmitting-receiving letter made an appointment
Before breath, it is necessary to screen out continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves, i.e., have no less than 16 in real-time measurement storage unit
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3It is then sequentially delayed until detecting that 16 are
Only.Transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb, it is real to obtain the first signal with error compensation
Border transmitting-receiving point Td1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1-Tb；………………………………………3
Td2=Tk2+Tb；………………………………………4
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3-Tb；………………………………………5
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit.Send T after each frame informationk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated.
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to
Used rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switch
The timing length of signal timing device is easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, is used for Td1Point sends rectangle
The setting sending time T of wave broad pulsef1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；………………………………6
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；………………………………7
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset.
In the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage, since rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
Rush that the voltage more therefore transmitted rectangular wave broad pulses high relative to all wave voltages are more powerful, the signal of generation receives
Point displacement is more, sets turnover voltage in the other time segment signal voltage comparator of loading procedure, has been moved off signal reception
The voltage location of point；Cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then the signal generated in the latter stage for loading on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
Receiving point displacement is more, in this way, the switching signal according to the tests determined transmitting terminal of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage actually used
The midpoint of timer time and Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan, receive signal more reliable.
Signal transmission process: the transmission isolating transformer that no-load voltage ratio of the grid cyclic wave voltage through transmitting terminal is 1:1 is connected to high speed
Power control switch output port is crossed 0 voltage comparator when the cycle of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage and is turned under microcontroller control
It changes the line of production and gave birth to 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device and high-speed power control switch is connected, it will be single
Positive pulse voltage signal through send isolating transformer be superimposed on grid cyclic wave, make fundamental frequency in Td1Or Td2Voltage exist
Small displacement is generated on time shaft, and certain harmonic wave can be injected to system.
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction
The execution time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1-Tin；…………………………………………8
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2-Tin.………………………………………9
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time.
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, thus
Complete a signal modulation process.
In view of the decaying of signals transmission, and demodulation is using cycle voltage over zero as time reference, in this way
In Long Distant Transmit, the cycle voltage phase difference of sending and receiving end will cause setting and receives signal time position and actual signal signal
Occur deviation between time location and shadow communication performance, therefore when not taking the method for eliminating deviation, communication distance is limited
System is in same transformer platform area.
The demodulation of signal: signal voltage comparator of the receiving end when receiving signal is in the first signal location real-time measurement
Tc1Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc1Previous Tc1Subtract TbValue afterwards make comparisons whether
Within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determine that the first signal location receives position value in signal；Signal voltage comparator is second
The T of signal location real-time measurementc3Subtract TbRear value and the T being finally stored in is taken out from memoryc3Previous Tc3Subtract Tb
Whether value afterwards makes comparisons within the scope of the signal errors of permission, determines that second signal position receives position value in signal.
The control of signal transmitting power: when transmitting terminal switching signal timer fires and high-speed power control switch is connected
Afterwards, the external interrupt mouth of microcontroller opening signal receiving end immediately detects signal voltage comparator in cycle positive half cycle first
The flip-flop transition of signal location and second signal position, with Td1It compares and whether shifts and its shift amount with Td3, if signal is electric
Press comparator flip-flop transition closer to Td1, illustrate to send rectangular wave broad pulse energy is relatively smaller or electric network impedance relatively
It is low.
If signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, if signal voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
(4) Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is grid cyclic wave receiving and transmitting signal position data relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is a kind of circuit structure block diagram of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system.
(5) specific embodiment:
A kind of circuit structure block diagram of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system is as shown in Figure 2.It is supervised including concentrating
Control device and multiple electric quantity monitoring instrument.Centralized monitor is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, Network Interface Module 2, keyboard
Display module 10 and micro controller module 1 are constituted.Electric quantity monitoring instrument is by signal sending end A, signal receiving end B, mutual induction of voltage
Device and current transformer 11 and micro controller module 1 are constituted.Centralized monitor and electric quantity monitoring instrument are logical using the power line
Letter.Master station is to be made of positioned at the computer management system of top layer router and computer.
Signal sending end A, the signal receiving end B of power line communication described in centralized monitor and electric quantity monitoring instrument and micro-
Controller module 1 is identical with the hardware configuration of power module 4.
The signal sending end A of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch 5, switching signal timer 3, electricity
Net voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output end.
The signal receiving end B of the power line communication is compared by twin voltage comparator 7, High-speed Control switch 6,0 voltage excessively
Device 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are constituted.Grid cyclic wave connects after electric resistance partial pressure with 7 input terminal of twin voltage comparator, crosses 0 electricity
Pressure comparator 8 and signal voltage comparator 9 are all made of ns grades of high speed voltage comparator MAX319.The high-speed power control is opened
Pass is a kind of controllable DC-DC power source switch, and D/C voltage height is used as signal electric after being converted by adjusting pulsewidth duty cycle adjustment
Pressure.
Micro controller module 1 uses High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S, this is a kind of single clock/machine cycle (1T)
Single-chip microcontroller, speed ratio STC12 also fast 20% is high speed/low-power consumption/superpower jamproof 8051 single-chip microcontroller of new generation, no AD
Conversion.
Transmitting terminal and receiving end are all made of the isolating transformer that primary and secondary no-load voltage ratio is 1:1, select the biggish height of magnetic flux density
Silicon steel sheet does iron core, increases iron core section and simultaneously between upper and lower two iron core plus air gap gasket and uses shell type structure, makes magnetic circuit not
Saturation is caused, can be reduced the distortion for sending signal in this way.
Network Interface Module 2 in centralized monitor, which uses, is integrated with the W5100 Ethernet mould of TCP/IP hardware protocol stacks
Block, or use other network interface chips.High Speed Microcontroller STC15F2K60S and Network Interface Module 2 in micro controller module 1
Between use SPI serial bus communication mode, data to be sent are reached into W5100, are then passed through data by W5100 subpackage
Internet is dealt into master station.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of implementation method of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system, centralized monitor and electric quantity monitoring instrument use
Power line communication, the data that centralized monitor receives each electric quantity monitoring instrument to collect access internet by Network Interface Module,
It is characterized by:
The power line communication of use is by the accurate of the signal sending point of the setting to grid cyclic wave voltage and signal receiving point
Positioning sends a rectangle broad pulse of communication positive or negative pole in the signal sending point of setting to generating mutation current,
The electric current causes a voltage drop to be superimposed on grid voltage waveform on the short-circuit impedance of distribution transformer, to complete primary
Signal modulation process, signal receiving point demodulated signal of the receiving end in the setting of grid cyclic wave voltage；One wide arteries and veins of anode
Punching refers to that the high level part of pulse returns 0 from 0 to height.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of the setting in grid cyclic wave voltage
Modulating and demodulating signal step with the signal receiving point of setting includes:
It sends: crossing the overturning of 0 voltage comparator when the cycle that the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is arranged in and generated 0 interruption, after being delayed
Its sending time falls in the signal sending point of the setting of all wave voltages, and firing switch signal timing device simultaneously connects high-speed power control
Single positive pulse voltage signal is superimposed on grid cyclic wave by switch through sending isolating transformer；
It receives: the low-voltage window being made of the threshold range of high threshold voltage and low threshold voltage being arranged by twin voltage comparator
Mouth region, when all wave voltages of input fall in the low-voltage window region of twin voltage comparator setting, makes under microcontroller control
High-speed Control switch in an ON state, signal voltage comparator directly all wave voltages signal receive position receive signal and
Cycle time parameter is measured, received signal is determined whether in the signal receiving point error range of setting, in low-voltage window
Make High-speed Control switch in an off state other than mouth region.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, it is characterized in that, the signal sending point and signal receiving point of setting are in power grid
The voltage of cycle positive half cycle, which is crossed at 0, was arranged 0 voltage comparator, in a setting cycle voltage location of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Setting signal voltage comparator, the output of signal voltage comparator is in two positions for setting all wave voltages of a cycle positive half cycle
Set realization overturning；The cycle positive half cycle ascent stage the setting week wave voltage position as the first signal location, setting
The cycle voltage location of signal transmitting and receiving point is known as the first signal set point, in the setting cycle electricity of cycle positive half cycle descending branch
The position of pressure is known as second signal set point as second signal position, the cycle voltage location of setting signal transmitting-receiving point；
The signal voltage comparator is a setting cycle being arranged between voltage 21V -40V of grid cyclic wave positive half cycle
Voltage location.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein the distance that basis signal need to transmit when sending signal is through testing
It determines:
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage-drop loading is set in the positive 35V of the signal sending point on grid cyclic wave to the voltage value between 60V；
The rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is higher by value than the voltage for the grid cyclic wave position being loaded；The width value of rectangular wave broad pulse voltage
For 0.3ms~0.5ms；Signal code value 1A -20A can be provided.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal receiving point demodulated signal in setting, includes
The signal that confirmation or erasing are sent from the signal sending point of setting, during transmitting terminal sends signal, letter transmitted by transmitting terminal
Number simultaneously receiving end receive, if received position value information is different from the position value information of transmission, then send the position
Erasing signal, each data bit is erasable in each frame information and retransmits.
6. according to the method described in claim 5, it is characterized in that, position value with signal voltage comparator signal receiving point not
Overturning overturns to send position signal " 1 " to send position signal " 0 ", the first signal set point of each data bit sends position signal " 1 "
Or when " 0 ", second round send position signal " 1 " or " 0 " with the period 1 on the contrary, its two kinds are combined " 1 ", " 0 " and " 0 ", " 1 "
As position signal two different values, the second signal set point of second round is to confirm or wipe the first signal set point to send
Data, sending " 0 " is confirmation, and sending " 1 " is erasing, and signal voltage comparator is sent in the first signal set point in start bit
" 1 " is to start to send, and stop bits is terminated in the first signal set point with sending " 0 ", and the second signal of start bit and stop bits is set
Fixed point does not have to.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein the signal sending point of setting and the accurate of signal receiving point are determined
Position includes the error compensation of set signal sending point and signal receiving point, while crossing 0 voltage comparator and signal voltage ratio
Ns grades of high speed voltage comparators and High Speed Microcontroller are all made of compared with device.
8. according to claim 1 and method of claim 7, which is characterized in that signal sending point and signal receiving point
It is accurately positioned and its compensation method of error, to be first computing system crossed at 0 using the voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage as the time
O'clock to the first signal set point time interval be nominal value Tm1；The voltage of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is crossed at 0 as start time
Time interval to second signal set point is nominal value Tm2；
And time of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage overturns was measured as start time to signal electricity
Press the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the comparator when the first signal location is overturnc1；This spent for 0 flip-flop transition as start time
To the real-time measurement values T of time interval of the signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc2；Signal voltage comparator exists
The reality of time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle descending branch is overturn was arrived in second signal position when overturning
When measured value Tc3；Cross time interval of 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of the cycle positive half cycle ascent stage of two adjacent cycles is overturn
For cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu；
When the cycle and its two adjacent cycles that detect are true, the cycle period real-time measurement values Tzu being detected simultaneously by
In 20ms and its error range, the cycle is measured to cross 0 voltage comparator when the mistake 0 of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage is overturn and be
The a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when the first signal location is overturnc010 overturning is crossed with this
For a reference value T of time interval of the start time to signal voltage comparator when second signal position is overturnc02, save 30 to
The continuous T of a setting number in 50c01And Tc02And calculate saved Tc01Average value Tp1With the T savedc02It is flat
Mean value Tp2, by Tp1And Tp2It is stored in corresponding storage unit；
The then error compensation value T of signal voltage comparator flip-flop transitionbIt is determined by following formula:
Tb={ (Tm2- Tm1)-(Tp2- Tp1)}÷2；
By TbIt saves, TbIllustrate that the position of actual signal transmitting-receiving point is higher for timing；
The extremely multiple setting byte number of the data bit occupancy in each frame information 1 is needed according to power grid quality and signal structure,
The clock timer time there are two cycle period is stayed after each frame traffic, for updating Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, from next week
Wave starts the communication of next frame, if detecting that cycle signal is vacation in a frame traffic, retransmits the information frame；
It realizes that the cycle in communication sequentially synchronizes by the start bit of each frame information, stop bits and connects in the sending and receiving end of the communication information
Continuous, centralized monitor or electric quantity monitoring instrument measure respectively and store T in the call duration time gap of described two framesc1、Tc2With
Tc3, and calculate separately two real-time measurement values Tc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3, and deposit respectively
Enter two groups of storage units, i.e. Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Storage unit and Tk1、Tk2And Tk3Storage unit, when from storage unit take out Tk1、
Tk2And Tk3After reset two groups of storage units, the storage unit can store 16 real-time measurement values Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, do not communicating
Period measures continuous 16 real-time measurement values T respectivelyc1、Tc2And Tc3If screen to cycle signal be it is false, described in clearing
Tc1、Tc2And Tc3Respective storage unit, continue to measure when screening to cycle signal is true and store, it is every when being filled with to be stored in one
A Tc1、Tc2And Tc3, first remove a T being stored at firstc1、Tc2And Tc3, while number is taken out by a setting in 2 to 15,
Take out the T of last one group of depositc1、Tc2And Tc3, when power grid quality difference, number is taken out in the smaller setting of choosing, and calculating is taken out each
The T of groupc1Average value Tk1、Tc2Average value Tk2And Tc3Average value Tk3And replace the T originally savedk1、Tk2And Tk3；
It sends the determination of signal time: continuous no less than 16 grid cyclic waves must be screened out before receiving and sending messages, i.e., in fact
When measurement storage unit in have no less than 16 Tc1、Tc2And Tc3If continuous 16 T are not detectedc1、Tc2And Tc3
It is then sequentially delayed until detecting 16, transmitting terminal takes out T from storage unitk1、Tk2And Tk3Value add T respectivelyb,
Obtain the practical transmitting-receiving point T of the first signal with error compensationd1With the practical sending point T of second signald2:
Td1=Tk1- Tb；
Td2=Tk2+Tb；
The practical receiving point T of second signal with error compensationd3:
Td3=Tk3- Tb；
Save Td1、Td2And Td3In respective storage unit, T after each frame information is sentk1、Tk2And Tk3All it is updated；
When sending signal, microcontroller uses T respectivelyd1And Td2As switching signal timer timing midpoint and according to being used
Rectangular wave broad pulse voltage levels take certain offset, then using the spaced time of rectangular wave broad pulse as switching signal determine
When device timing length, be easy to calculate high-speed power control switch turn-on time point, that is, be used for Td1Point sends the wide arteries and veins of rectangular wave
The setting sending time T of punchingf1And Td2The setting sending time T of the rectangular wave broad pulse of pointf2:
Tf1=Td1(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
Tf2=Td2(Tm/ 2)-Tan；
T in formulamFor signal rectangular wave broad pulse width, TanFor the offset；
Rectangular wave broad pulse loads on the initial stage of cycle positive half cycle, and rectangular wave broad pulse voltage is high more relative to all wave voltages
More, the signal receiving point displacement of generation is more, and cycle positive half cycle descending branch is then to load on cycle process in rectangular wave broad pulse
The signal receiving point displacement that generates of latter stage it is more, the midpoint of the switching signal timer time of tests determined transmitting terminal
With Td1Or Td2Between offset Tan；
Signal transmission process: grid cyclic wave voltage is connected to high-speed power control switch output port through sending isolating transformer, when
The cycle of cycle positive half cycle ascent stage crosses the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch is believed
Number timer simultaneously connects high-speed power control switch, and single positive pulse voltage signal is superimposed on electricity through sending isolating transformer
On net week wave, make fundamental frequency in Td1Or Td2Voltage generate small displacement on a timeline；
If crossing interrupt handling routine after 0 interruption, starting measurement Tc1Timer with connect switching signal timer instruction execution
Time is Tin
When to Td1When sending signal:
Ti=Tf1- Tin；
When to Td2When sending signal:
Ti2=Tf2- Tin；
TiAnd Ti2Signaling point displacement of the value also according to receiving end how many adjust in real time；
Closing high-speed power control switch in the interrupt service program when interrupting is overflowed in switching signal timer timing, to complete
Signal modulation process；
Above-mentioned Ti2Value also according to receiving end signaling point displacement it is how many adjust in real time, method are as follows: if signal voltage compares
Device flip-flop transition is closer to Td1, then microcontroller control high-speed power control switch increases rectangular wave broad pulse voltage, if letter
Number voltage comparator flip-flop transition is closer to Td2Then reduce Ti2Time.
9. a kind of device of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system, it is characterised in that including,
Signal sending end, signal receiving end and the microcontroller of power line communication described in centralized monitor and electric quantity monitoring instrument
The hardware configuration of module is identical；
The signal sending end of the power line communication is made of high-speed power control switch, switching signal timer；
The signal receiving end of the power line communication is switched by twin voltage comparator, High-speed Control, crosses 0 voltage comparator and signal
Voltage comparator is constituted.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the signal receiving end of the power line communication is by power grid
All wave voltages through High-speed Control switch control, cycle positive half cycle two low-voltage window regions directly after conditioning filtering be followed by
Signal voltage comparator input terminal, High-speed Control switch only open by the low-voltage window region around signal transmitting and receiving point, isolation
Grid cyclic wave high voltage, signal voltage comparator is directly when the signal of all wave voltages receives position and receives signal and measurement cycle
Between parameter；
The signal sending end of the power line communication, network voltage are connected to high-speed power control switch output end, in cycle just half
All ascent stage cycles cross the overturning of 0 voltage comparator and generated 0 interruption, through the T that is delayedi1Or Ti2Afterwards, firing switch signal timing device is simultaneously
High-speed power control switch is connected, by single rectangular wave broad pulse voltage superposition on grid cyclic wave.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810591345 | 2018-06-10 | ||
| CN2018105913457 | 2018-06-10 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810821038.3A Withdrawn CN108961729A (en) | 2018-06-10 | 2018-07-24 | A kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system |
| CN201910400143.4A Withdrawn CN110021159A (en) | 2018-06-10 | 2019-05-14 | A kind of Factory Electric Power data acquisition management system |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN (2) | CN108961729A (en) |
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2018
- 2018-07-24 CN CN201810821038.3A patent/CN108961729A/en not_active Withdrawn
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Application publication date: 20181207 |