CN110006619B - Multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling - Google Patents

Multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110006619B
CN110006619B CN201910435819.3A CN201910435819A CN110006619B CN 110006619 B CN110006619 B CN 110006619B CN 201910435819 A CN201910435819 A CN 201910435819A CN 110006619 B CN110006619 B CN 110006619B
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wind tunnel
air
simulation
simulator
winding
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CN110006619A (en
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杨庆山
曹曙阳
李珂
闫渤文
王振国
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/02Wind tunnels

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  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling, which comprises a wind tunnel flow passage, wherein a wind tunnel fan for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel flow passage, and a land environment test area and a water area environment test area are also arranged in the wind tunnel flow passage; the device comprises a ground environment test area and a water area environment test area, wherein the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area are respectively provided with an extreme airflow simulation device, or the wind tunnel flow channel comprises a straight line test section, the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with the extreme airflow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme airflows in the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area simultaneously. The multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling can simulate the effect of loads in land environment and water area environment on a building structure, simulate the real reflection condition of the building structure in various single wind field environments and simulate the real reflection condition of the building structure under the coupling effect of at least two wind fields.

Description

Multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnels, and particularly relates to a multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling.
Background
Wind tunnel (wind tunnel), a wind tunnel laboratory, is a pipe-like experimental device that is used to artificially generate and control air flow, to simulate the flow of air around an aircraft or entity, and to measure the effect of air flow on the entity and observe physical phenomena, and is one of the most commonly used and effective tools for performing aerodynamic experiments. The boundary layer wind tunnel is a long test section wind tunnel specially used for wind engineering tests and can be divided into a building wind tunnel, an environment wind tunnel, a special wind tunnel for automobiles and the like according to different purposes, wherein the building wind tunnel mainly performs wind resistance research of civil engineering structures, such as wind resistance research of structures of high-rise buildings, large bridges, power transmission towers and the like.
In a land environment, wind load is one of the main side loads of high-rise buildings. Along with the development of building structural forms such as large-span roofs, super high-rise buildings, large-span bridges and the like, in order to meet the design and construction requirements of the buildings, reliable wind tunnel test research means are required to be provided, the influence of the detailed structure of the structures is accurately simulated, and the test accuracy is ensured, so that a real reflection for testing and researching different wind loads and coupling effects of various wind loads of the building structural forms in a land environment is required to be developed.
The ocean environment has abundant resources, and under the situation that the contradiction between the shortage of global resources and energy supply and the rapid population growth is increasingly prominent, the development and the utilization of the ocean resources are the trend of global economic development. However, the ocean environment is quite complex, and various load coupling actions are faced for a long time to damage ocean engineering. There are many load conditions such as tornadoes, downbursts, waves and background winds. Therefore, there is also a need to develop a device for experimentally studying the true reflection of different loads and coupling of various loads in a water environment for different building structures.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling, which can simulate not only the effect of loads in land environments and water environments on a building structure, but also the real reflection condition of the building structure in various single wind field environments and the real reflection condition of the building structure in at least two wind field coupling effects.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the multifunctional wind tunnel simulating the multi-disaster coupling comprises a wind tunnel runner, wherein a wind tunnel fan for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel runner, and a land environment test area and a water area environment test area are also arranged in the wind tunnel runner;
the device comprises a land environment test area and a water area environment test area, wherein the land environment test area and the water area environment test area are respectively provided with an extreme air flow simulation device, or the wind tunnel flow channel comprises a straight line test section, the land environment test area and the water area environment test area are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with an extreme air flow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme air flow in the land environment test area and the water area environment test area at the same time;
the extreme air flow simulation device comprises a simulation device and a simulation test through hole formed in the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel, and a two-dimensional plane moving device is arranged on the simulation test through hole;
the two-dimensional plane moving device comprises a soft shielding belt covered on the simulation test through hole, a simulation air port is arranged on the soft shielding belt, and two ends of the soft shielding belt are respectively provided with a simulation air port moving mechanism for driving the soft shielding belt to move and enabling the simulation air port to move in a two-dimensional plane in the simulation test through hole area;
the simulated air port moving mechanism comprises a winding and unwinding roller for winding and unwinding the soft shielding tape and an axial moving mechanism for driving the winding and unwinding roller to move along the axial direction of the winding and unwinding roller;
the simulator comprises a simulator mounting frame which moves synchronously with the simulated air port, and a simulator for simulating extreme air flow is arranged on the simulator mounting frame.
Further, the axial moving mechanism comprises a screw rod which is arranged in parallel with the winding and unwinding roller and a moving plate which is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winding and unwinding roller in a rotating fit manner and axially moves synchronously with the winding and unwinding roller, and the screw rod is in threaded fit with the moving plate; the axial moving mechanism further comprises a first guide rail which is arranged in parallel with the winding and unwinding roller, and a second guide rail which is matched with the first guide rail is arranged on the moving plate.
Further, the two-dimensional plane moving device further comprises two guide rollers which are respectively positioned at two ends of the simulation test through hole and used for guiding the soft shielding belt, and the guide rollers are parallel to the winding and unwinding rollers and synchronously move axially with the winding and unwinding rollers.
Further, the width of the soft shielding belt is more than or equal to twice the width of the simulation test through hole, and the geometric center of the simulation tuyere is located on the central line of the soft shielding belt.
Further, two sides of the soft shielding belt are respectively provided with a clamping plate mechanism; the clamping plate mechanism comprises two clamping plates, the soft shielding belt is positioned between the two clamping plates, and two ends of the two clamping plates are respectively sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts of the winding and unwinding rollers in a rotating fit manner and axially move synchronously with the winding and unwinding rollers.
Further, be equipped with the first slide rail that is located vertical direction on the simulator mounting bracket, the simulator sliding fit is installed on the first slide rail, just be equipped with on the simulator mounting bracket and be used for the drive the simulator is followed first slide rail removes simulator actuating mechanism.
Further, the simulator mounting frame comprises two mutually parallel support rods, a second sliding rail which is perpendicular to the winding and unwinding roller and positioned in the horizontal direction is arranged on the support rods, a sliding mounting frame which is in sliding fit with the second sliding rail is arranged between the two support rods, the first sliding rail is fixedly arranged on the sliding mounting frame, and one end of the first sliding rail is fixedly connected with the soft shielding belt; the two ends of the supporting rod are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the two winding and unwinding rollers and synchronously move axially with the winding and unwinding rollers; a first hard mounting plate is arranged on the soft shielding belt corresponding to the simulated air port, and the first sliding rail is fixedly connected with the first hard mounting plate; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the simulator mounting rack comprises a second hard mounting plate which is fixedly mounted on the soft shielding belt and corresponds to the simulated air port, and the first sliding rail is fixedly mounted on the second hard mounting plate.
Further, a test bed positioned below the corresponding simulation test through hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the land environment test area, a lifting adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position height of the test bed is arranged below the test bed, and a rotating table for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure is arranged on the test bed;
the bottom vibration box for respectively generating downwind waves parallel to the flowing direction of the background wind and the lateral vibration box for generating crosswind waves perpendicular to the flowing direction of the background wind are arranged in the wave groove, and an openable cover plate is arranged at the notch of the wave groove.
Further, the wind tunnel flow channel is a direct-current flow channel, and the land environment test area and the water area environment test area are both arranged in the direct-current flow channel; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the wind tunnel flow channel is a backflow type flow channel, the backflow type flow channel comprises a first wind tunnel flow channel section and a second wind tunnel flow channel section, the first wind tunnel flow channel section and the second wind tunnel flow channel section are connected end to realize airflow circulation, the wind tunnel fan is installed in the first wind tunnel flow channel section, and the land environment test area and the water area environment test area are both arranged in the second wind tunnel flow channel section.
Further, the simulator adopts a tornado simulator, a downburst simulator or a downburst gust simulator; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the simulator adopts a multifunctional simulator, the multifunctional simulator comprises a central air duct, a first diversion air duct and a second diversion air duct, and a simulation fan is arranged in the central air duct;
the air inlet end of the first diversion air channel is communicated with the air outlet end of the simulation fan, the air outlet end of the first diversion air channel is communicated with the air inlet end of the simulation fan, and a first valve is arranged between the air inlet end of the first diversion air channel and the air outlet end of the simulation fan;
the air inlet end of the second diversion air duct is communicated with the air outlet end of the simulation fan, and a second valve is arranged between the air inlet end of the second diversion air duct and the air outlet end of the simulation fan; the air outlet end of the second diversion air duct is arranged around one end of the central air duct, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulated fan, or the air outlet end of the second diversion air duct is provided with an annular air outlet, and the annular air outlet mask is arranged outside one end of the central air duct, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulated fan;
the central air duct is provided with a second air inlet channel positioned between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first diversion air duct, and the second air inlet channel is provided with a third valve;
and a fourth valve positioned between the second air inlet channel and the air outlet end of the first diversion air channel is arranged on the central air channel.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling, the land environment test area and the water area environment test area are arranged in the wind tunnel flow channel, the land environment test area can simulate the actual reflection of a building structure built on land under the coupling action of different wind loads and various wind loads in the land environment, and the water area environment test area can simulate the actual reflection of the building structure built in water areas (sea, lake and river) under the coupling action of different loads and various loads in the water area environment; meanwhile, by arranging the extreme air flow simulation device, various extreme air flow effects such as tornadoes, downburst flows, downburst gusts and the like can be simulated by adopting the simulator, and the wind tunnel fan is combined to simulate background wind, so that the real reflection condition of the building structure in various single wind field environments can be simulated, and the real reflection condition of the building structure in at least two wind field coupling effects can be simulated.
Drawings
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clear, the present invention provides the following drawings for description:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a multi-functional wind tunnel embodiment 1 of the present invention simulating multi-disaster coupling;
FIG. 2 is a detail A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a detail B of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is detail C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a top view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is detail D of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a multi-function simulator;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional wind tunnel embodiment 2 simulating multi-disaster coupling according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a detail E of FIG. 8;
FIG. 10 is a top view of FIG. 9;
fig. 11 is a detail F of 10.
Reference numerals illustrate:
1-a wind tunnel runner; 1 a-a first wind tunnel runner section; 1 b-a second wind tunnel flow path section; 1 c-guide piece; 2-a wind tunnel fan; 3-land environmental test area; 4-a water area environment test area; 5-a soft shielding tape; 6-simulating a tuyere; 7, winding and unwinding rollers; 8-simulator mounting rack; 9-a simulator; 10-winding and unwinding motors; 11-winding and unwinding gearboxes; 12-screw; 13-a moving plate; 14-a screw motor; 15-a screw rod gearbox; 16-a first rail; 17-a second rail; 18-guiding rollers; 19-clamping plates; 20-a first slide rail; 21-supporting rods; 22-a sliding mounting frame; 23-a first hard mounting plate; 24-a second hard mounting plate; 25-test stand; 26-a lifting adjusting mechanism; 27-a rotating table; 28-a rotating electric machine; 29-a gear transmission; 30-wave grooves; 30 a-a bottom vibrating box; 30 b-side vibrating boxes; 30 c-cover plate; 31-a central air duct; 32-a first diversion air duct; 33-a second diversion air duct; 34-a first valve; 35-a second valve; 36-a second air inlet duct; 37-third valve; 38-fourth valve; 39-fifth valve; 40-honeycomb device; 41-an electric motor; 42-impeller; 43-a guide cover; 44-a deflector; 45-simulator drive screw; 46-simulator drive motor; 47-slide.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific examples, which are not intended to limit the invention, so that those skilled in the art may better understand the invention and practice it.
Example 1
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional wind tunnel embodiment 1 simulating multi-disaster coupling according to the present invention. The multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling comprises a wind tunnel runner 1, wherein a wind tunnel fan 2 for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel runner 1, and a land environment test area 3 and a water area environment test area 4 are also arranged in the wind tunnel runner 1. The ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are respectively provided with an extreme airflow simulation device, or the wind tunnel runner 1 comprises a straight line test section, the ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with the extreme airflow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme airflows in the ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 at the same time. The wind tunnel runner 1 of the embodiment comprises a straight line test section, the land environment test section 3 and the water area environment test section 4 are both arranged in the straight line test section, and an extreme air flow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme air flow in the land environment test section 3 and the water area environment test section 4 at the same time is arranged in the straight line test section.
The extreme air flow simulation device of the embodiment comprises a simulation device and a simulation test through hole formed in the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel 1, wherein a two-dimensional plane moving device is arranged on the simulation test through hole. The two-dimensional plane moving device of the embodiment comprises a soft shielding belt 5 covered on a simulation test through hole, wherein a simulation air port 6 is arranged on the soft shielding belt 5, and two ends of the soft shielding belt 5 are respectively provided with a simulation air port moving mechanism for driving the soft shielding belt to move and enabling the simulation air port 6 to move in a two-dimensional plane in a simulation test through hole area. The simulated tuyere moving mechanism of this embodiment includes a wind-up and wind-down roller 7 for winding up and unwinding the soft shielding tape 5 and an axial moving mechanism for driving the wind-up and wind-down roller 7 to move in the axial direction thereof. The simulator of the present embodiment includes a simulator mount 8 that moves in synchronization with the simulated tuyere 6, and a simulator 9 for simulating extreme air flow is installed on the simulator mount 8.
The winding and unwinding roller 7 of this embodiment is provided with a winding and unwinding driving mechanism for driving the winding and unwinding roller to rotate so as to wind or unwind the soft shielding tape 5. The winding and unwinding driving mechanism of the embodiment comprises a winding and unwinding motor 10 and a winding and unwinding gearbox 11 in transmission connection with the winding and unwinding motor 10, and an output shaft of the winding and unwinding gearbox 11 is in transmission connection with the winding and unwinding roller 7. The simulated air port 6 can be driven to move in the axial direction perpendicular to the winding and unwinding rollers 7 by respectively controlling the winding and unwinding motors 10 connected with the two winding and unwinding rollers 7 in a transmission way to synchronously rotate.
The axial moving mechanism of the embodiment comprises a screw 12 arranged in parallel with the winding and unwinding roller 7 and a moving plate 13 which is rotationally matched and sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winding and unwinding roller 7 and axially moves synchronously with the winding and unwinding roller 7, wherein the screw 12 is in threaded fit with the moving plate 13. Preferably, both ends of the rotating shaft of the winding and unwinding roller 7 are respectively provided with a moving plate 13 in rotary fit with the rotating shaft, and the two moving plates 13 are in threaded fit with the screw 12, so that the winding and unwinding roller 7 can move more stably along the axial direction. The screw rod 12 of the embodiment is provided with a screw rod driving mechanism for driving the screw rod to rotate; the screw rod driving mechanism comprises a screw rod motor 14 and a screw rod gearbox 15 in transmission connection with the screw rod motor 14, and an output shaft of the screw rod gearbox 15 is in transmission connection with the screw rod 12. By controlling the two screw rod motors 14 to synchronously rotate, the two winding and unwinding rollers 7 can be driven to synchronously move along the axial direction of the winding and unwinding rollers 7, and then the simulated air port 6 is driven to move along the axial direction of the winding and unwinding rollers 7. Preferably, the axial moving mechanism of the present embodiment further includes a first guide rail 16 disposed parallel to the winding and unwinding roller 7, and the moving plate 13 is provided with a second guide rail 17 matched with the first guide rail 16 for moving and guiding.
The two-dimensional plane moving device of the embodiment further comprises two guide rollers 18 which are respectively positioned at two ends of the through hole of the simulation test and used for guiding the soft shielding tape 5, and the guide rollers 18 are parallel to the winding and unwinding rollers 7 and synchronously move axially with the winding and unwinding rollers 7. The device is used for guiding the soft shielding strip 5, so that the soft shielding strip 5 can be always and completely covered on the simulation test through hole.
The width of the soft shielding strip 5 in this embodiment is equal to or greater than twice the width of the through hole for the simulation test, and the geometric center of the simulation tuyere 6 falls on the center line of the soft shielding strip 5. Thus, the two-dimensional plane moving area of the simulated tuyere 6 can completely cover the area where the simulated test through hole is located.
The two sides of the soft shielding belt 5 of the embodiment are respectively provided with a clamping plate mechanism. The clamping plate mechanism of the embodiment comprises two clamping plates 19, the soft shielding belt 5 is positioned between the two clamping plates 19, and two ends of the two clamping plates 19 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the corresponding winding and unwinding rollers 7 in a rotating fit manner and axially move synchronously with the winding and unwinding rollers 7. Two ends of the two clamping plates 19 in the embodiment are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the corresponding winding and unwinding roller 7 and the guide roller 18 in a rotating fit manner. By arranging the clamping plate mechanism, the soft shielding belt 5 can be prevented from deforming under the action of the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1 in the area positioned at the middle part of the simulation test through hole, and further the interference to the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is avoided.
The simulator mounting frame 8 of the present embodiment is provided with a first slide rail 20 located in the vertical direction, the simulator 9 is mounted on the first slide rail 20 in a sliding fit manner, and the simulator mounting frame 8 is provided with a simulator driving mechanism for driving the simulator 9 to move along the first slide rail 20. The simulator mounting frame 8 of the present embodiment is provided with a slider 44 slidably matched with the first sliding rail 20, the simulator driving mechanism of the present embodiment includes a simulator driving screw 45 parallel to the first sliding rail 20, the simulator driving screw 45 is in threaded fit with one of the sliders 44, and a simulator driving motor 46 for driving the simulator driving screw 45 to rotate is fixedly mounted on the first sliding rail 20. Through setting up the first slide rail that is located vertical orientation on the simulator mounting bracket, so, can drive the tornado simulator and remove in vertical orientation along first slide rail, the simulator is on the basis of following the two-dimensional plane removal that the simulation wind gap was synchronous, can realize three-dimensional removal.
The simulator mounting frame 8 of the embodiment comprises two mutually parallel support rods 21, wherein the support rods 21 are provided with second sliding rails which are perpendicular to the winding and unwinding roller 7 and positioned in the horizontal direction, a sliding mounting frame 22 which is in sliding fit with the second sliding rails is arranged between the two support rods 21, a first sliding rail 20 is fixedly arranged on the sliding mounting frame 22, and one end of the first sliding rail 20 is fixedly connected with the soft shielding belt 5; two ends of the supporting rod 21 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the two winding and unwinding rollers 7 and synchronously move axially with the winding and unwinding rollers 7; the soft shielding belt 5 is correspondingly provided with a first hard mounting plate 23 corresponding to the simulated tuyere 6, and the first sliding rail 20 is fixedly connected with the first hard mounting plate 23. Thus, the sliding mounting frame 22 can slide along the second sliding rail under the driving of the soft shielding belt 5 and move along the axial direction of the winding and unwinding roller 7 under the driving of the axial movement of the winding and unwinding roller 7. The first sliding rails 20 of this embodiment are uniformly distributed in a ring shape with respect to the axis of the simulated tuyere 6.
The bottom surface of the land area test area 3 of this embodiment is provided with a test stand 25 located below the corresponding simulation test through hole, the lower part of the test stand 25 is provided with a lifting adjusting mechanism 26 for adjusting the position height thereof, and the test stand 25 is provided with a rotating stand 27 for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure. Specifically, the middle part of the test stand 25 of this embodiment is provided with a circular through hole, the rotating stand 27 is rotatably mounted in the circular through hole, and the test stand 25 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotating stand 27 to rotate. The driving mechanism of the present embodiment includes a rotary motor 28, and a gear transmission mechanism 29 is provided between the rotary motor 28 and the rotation shaft of the test stand 27.
The wave groove 30 is arranged below the bottom surface of the water area environment test area 4 in the embodiment, a bottom vibration box 30a for respectively generating downwind waves parallel to the flowing direction of the background wind and a lateral vibration box 30b for generating crosswind waves perpendicular to the flowing direction of the background wind are arranged in the wave groove 30, and an openable cover plate 30c is arranged at the notch of the wave groove 30. By the cooperation between the bottom vibration box 30a and the side vibration box 30b, waves with any included angle with the flowing direction of the background wind can be simulated in the wave groove 30, and will not be described again. Wave absorber is also arranged in the wave groove 30 of the embodiment.
Specifically, the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is a direct-current flow channel, and the land environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are both arranged in the direct-current flow channel; or, the wind tunnel runner 1 is a backflow type runner, the backflow type runner comprises a first wind tunnel runner section 1a and a second wind tunnel runner section 1b, the first wind tunnel runner section 1a and the second wind tunnel runner section 1b are connected end to realize airflow circulation, the wind tunnel fan 2 is installed in the first wind tunnel runner section 1a, and the land environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are both arranged in the second wind tunnel runner section 1 b. The wind tunnel flow channel of the embodiment adopts a backflow flow channel, namely the multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of the embodiment is a backflow wind tunnel. Wherein the cross-sectional area of the first wind tunnel channel section 1a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second wind tunnel channel section 1b, i.e. the velocity of the background wind flow in the first wind tunnel channel section 1a is greater than the velocity in the second wind tunnel channel section 1 b. A guide piece 1c for guiding the background air flow is arranged at the bending position between the first wind tunnel flow channel section 1a and the second wind tunnel flow channel section 1 b.
In particular, the simulator 9 may employ a tornado simulator, a downburst simulator, or a downburst gust simulator. The simulator of the embodiment adopts a multifunctional simulator, the multifunctional simulator comprises a central air duct 31, a first diversion air duct 32 and a second diversion air duct 33, and a simulation fan is arranged in the central air duct 31. The simulated fan of the present embodiment includes a motor 41 and an impeller 42 mounted on an output shaft of the motor 41; a guide cover 43 is also arranged outside the motor 41.
The air inlet end of the first air guide duct 32 of this embodiment is communicated with the air outlet end of the analog fan, the air outlet end of the first air guide duct 32 is communicated with the air inlet end of the analog fan, and a first valve 34 is arranged between the air inlet end of the first air guide duct 32 and the air outlet end of the analog fan. Preferably, the first air guide channels 32 are annularly and uniformly distributed by at least two with the axis of the central air channel 31 as a central line, and the first air guide channels 32 in this embodiment are annularly and uniformly distributed by 4 with the axis of the central air channel 31 as a central line, so that the air flow can be effectively dispersed, the resistance can be reduced, and the air flow distribution is more uniform. The air outlet end of the first air guiding duct 32 of the present embodiment is provided with a fifth valve 39, which can prevent the first air guiding duct 32 from affecting the air flow in the central air duct 31.
The air inlet end of the second diversion air duct 33 is communicated with the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and a second valve 35 is arranged between the air inlet end of the second diversion air duct 33 and the air outlet end of the simulated fan; the air outlet end of the second air guide duct 33 is arranged around one end of the central air duct 31, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the analog fan, or the air outlet end of the second air guide duct 33 is provided with an annular air outlet, and an annular air outlet mask is arranged outside one end of the central air duct 31, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the analog fan. Specifically, the air outlet end of the second air guiding duct 33 is uniformly distributed around the central duct 31 in an annular shape, or the annular air outlet is coaxially arranged with the central duct 31. The air outlet end of the second air guiding duct 33 of this embodiment is provided with an annular air outlet.
The central air duct 31 of the embodiment is provided with a second air inlet channel 36 positioned between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first diversion air duct 32, and the second air inlet channel 36 is provided with a third valve 37; preferably, the second air inlet duct 36 is uniformly distributed in a ring shape relative to the axis of the central air duct 31, so that the distribution of the inlet air flow is more uniform.
The central air duct 31 of the present embodiment is provided with a fourth valve 38 located between the second air inlet channel 36 and the air outlet end of the first air guiding duct 32. The axis of the central air duct 31 of the embodiment is located in the vertical direction, the air outlet end of the simulation fan is located above the air inlet end of the simulation fan, and the bottom end of the central air duct 31 is provided with a honeycomb device 40. Preferably, the corners of the central air duct 31, the first air guide duct 32 and the second air guide duct 33 are respectively provided with a guide plate 44 for guiding the air flow.
Specifically, the method for tornado and downburst flow of the multifunctional simulator of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
1) The tornado simulation method comprises the following steps: closing the first valve 4 and the third valve 7, opening the second valve 5 and the fourth valve 8, starting the simulation fan, enabling air flow to enter the simulation fan from one end of the central air channel 1, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulation fan, discharging the air flow through the second air flow channel 3 after passing through the simulation fan, enabling the air flow discharged through the second air flow channel 3 to enter the simulation fan from one end of the central air channel 1, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulation fan, forming air flow circulation, and forming a simulated tornado at one end of the central air channel 1, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulation fan;
2) The simulation method of the down-burst is as follows: closing the second valve 5 and the fourth valve 8, opening the first valve 4 and the third valve 7, starting the simulation fan, enabling air flow to enter the air inlet end of the simulation fan from the second air inlet channel 6, enabling air flow to enter the first diversion air channel 2 through the simulation fan, enabling the air flow in the first diversion air channel 2 to flow back to one end of the central air channel 1, which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulation fan, and forming simulated downburst.
Namely, the multifunctional simulator of the embodiment can simulate tornado by arranging the central air duct, the first diversion air duct and the second diversion air duct, closing the first diversion air duct and the second air inlet channel and opening the second simulation air duct; closing the second diversion air duct, and opening the first diversion air duct and the second air inlet channel, so that downward storm flow can be simulated; the tornado and downburst two-in-one simulation device can simulate tornado and downburst.
The multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling is characterized in that a land environment test area and a water area environment test area are arranged in a wind tunnel flow channel, the land environment test area can simulate the actual reflection of different wind loads and various wind load coupling actions of a building structure built on land in the land environment, and the water area environment test area can simulate the actual reflection of different loads and various load coupling actions of the building structure built in a water area (sea, lake and river) in the water area environment; meanwhile, by arranging the extreme air flow simulation device, various extreme air flow effects such as tornadoes, downburst flows, downburst gusts and the like can be simulated by adopting the simulator, and the wind tunnel fan is combined to simulate background wind, so that the real reflection condition of the building structure in various single wind field environments can be simulated, and the real reflection condition of the building structure in at least two wind field coupling effects can be simulated.
Example 2
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional wind tunnel embodiment 2 simulating multi-disaster coupling according to the present invention. The multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling comprises a wind tunnel runner 1, wherein a wind tunnel fan 2 for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel runner 1, and a land environment test area 3 and a water area environment test area 4 are also arranged in the wind tunnel runner 1. The ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are respectively provided with an extreme airflow simulation device, or the wind tunnel runner 1 comprises a straight line test section, the ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with the extreme airflow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme airflows in the ground environment test area 3 and the water area environment test area 4 at the same time. The wind tunnel runner 1 of the embodiment comprises a straight line test section, the land environment test section 3 and the water area environment test section 4 are both arranged in the straight line test section, and an extreme air flow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme air flow in the land environment test section 3 and the water area environment test section 4 at the same time is arranged in the straight line test section.
The extreme air flow simulation device of the embodiment comprises a simulation device and a simulation test through hole formed in the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel 1, wherein a two-dimensional plane moving device is arranged on the simulation test through hole. The two-dimensional plane moving device of the embodiment comprises a soft shielding belt 5 covered on a simulation test through hole, wherein a simulation air port 6 is arranged on the soft shielding belt 5, and two ends of the soft shielding belt 5 are respectively provided with a simulation air port moving mechanism for driving the soft shielding belt to move and enabling the simulation air port 6 to move in a two-dimensional plane in a simulation test through hole area. The simulated tuyere moving mechanism of this embodiment includes a wind-up and wind-down roller 7 for winding up and unwinding the soft shielding tape 5 and an axial moving mechanism for driving the wind-up and wind-down roller 7 to move in the axial direction thereof. The simulator of the present embodiment includes a simulator mount 8 that moves in synchronization with the simulated tuyere 6, and a simulator 9 for simulating extreme air flow is installed on the simulator mount 8.
The two sides of the soft shielding belt 5 of the embodiment are respectively provided with a clamping plate mechanism. The clamping plate mechanism of the embodiment comprises two clamping plates 19, the soft shielding belt 5 is positioned between the two clamping plates 19, and two ends of the two clamping plates 19 are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the corresponding winding and unwinding rollers 7 in a rotating fit manner and axially move synchronously with the winding and unwinding rollers 7. Two ends of the two clamping plates 19 in the embodiment are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the corresponding winding and unwinding roller 7 and the guide roller 18 in a rotating fit manner. By arranging the clamping plate mechanism, the soft shielding belt 5 can be prevented from deforming under the action of the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1 in the area positioned at the middle part of the simulation test through hole, and further the interference to the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is avoided.
The simulator mounting frame 8 of the present embodiment is provided with a first slide rail 20 located in the vertical direction, the simulator 9 is mounted on the first slide rail 20 in a sliding fit manner, and the simulator mounting frame 8 is provided with a simulator driving mechanism for driving the simulator 9 to move along the first slide rail 20. The simulator mounting frame 8 of the present embodiment is provided with a slider 44 slidably matched with the first sliding rail 20, the simulator driving mechanism of the present embodiment includes a simulator driving screw 45 parallel to the first sliding rail 20, the simulator driving screw 45 is in threaded fit with one of the sliders 44, and a simulator driving motor 46 for driving the simulator driving screw 45 to rotate is fixedly mounted on the first sliding rail 20. Through setting up the first slide rail that is located vertical orientation on the simulator mounting bracket, so, can drive the tornado simulator and remove in vertical orientation along first slide rail, the simulator is on the basis of following the two-dimensional plane removal that the simulation wind gap was synchronous, can realize three-dimensional removal.
The simulator mount 8 of the present embodiment includes a second hard mounting plate 24 fixedly mounted on the soft shielding tape 5 and disposed in correspondence with the simulated tuyere 6, and the first slide rail 20 is fixedly mounted on the second hard mounting plate 24. The simulator mounting frame 8 is in sliding fit with clamping plates 19 respectively positioned at two sides of the soft shielding tape 5. In this way, the simulator mounting frame 8 can be driven to move synchronously with the simulated tuyere 6 by using the second hard mounting plate 24.
Other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment 1, and will not be described again.
The above-described embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully explaining the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art based on the present invention, and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the invention is subject to the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling is characterized in that: the device comprises a wind tunnel flow channel (1), wherein a wind tunnel fan (2) for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel flow channel (1), and a land environment test area (3) and a water area environment test area (4) are also arranged in the wind tunnel flow channel (1);
the device comprises a land environment test area (3) and a water area environment test area (4), wherein the land environment test area (3) and the water area environment test area (4) are respectively provided with an extreme air flow simulation device, or the wind tunnel flow channel (1) comprises a straight line test section, the land environment test area (3) and the water area environment test area (4) are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with an extreme air flow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme air flow in the land environment test area (3) and the water area environment test area (4) at the same time;
the extreme air flow simulation device comprises a simulation device and a simulation test through hole formed in the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel (1), and a two-dimensional plane moving device is arranged on the simulation test through hole;
the two-dimensional plane moving device comprises a soft shielding belt (5) covered on the simulation test through hole, a simulation air port (6) is arranged on the soft shielding belt (5), and two ends of the soft shielding belt (5) are respectively provided with a simulation air port moving mechanism for driving the soft shielding belt to move and enabling the simulation air port (6) to move in a two-dimensional plane in the simulation test through hole area;
the simulated air port moving mechanism comprises a winding and unwinding roller (7) for winding and unwinding the soft shielding tape (5) and an axial moving mechanism for driving the winding and unwinding roller (7) to move along the axial direction of the winding and unwinding roller;
the simulator comprises a simulator mounting frame (8) which moves synchronously with the simulated air port (6), and a simulator (9) for simulating extreme air flow is arranged on the simulator mounting frame (8);
the axial moving mechanism comprises a screw rod (12) which is arranged in parallel with the winding and unwinding roller (7) and a moving plate (13) which is sleeved on the rotating shaft of the winding and unwinding roller (7) in a rotating fit manner and moves axially synchronously with the winding and unwinding roller (7), and the screw rod (12) is in threaded fit with the moving plate (13); the axial moving mechanism further comprises a first guide rail (16) which is arranged in parallel with the winding and unwinding roller (7), and a second guide rail (17) which is matched with the first guide rail (16) is arranged on the moving plate (13);
the simulator adopts a multifunctional simulator, the multifunctional simulator comprises a central air duct (31), a first diversion air duct (32) and a second diversion air duct (33), and a simulation fan is arranged in the central air duct (31);
the air inlet end of the first diversion air duct (32) is communicated with the air outlet end of the simulation fan, the air outlet end of the first diversion air duct (32) is communicated with the air inlet end of the simulation fan, and a first valve (34) is arranged between the air inlet end of the first diversion air duct (32) and the air outlet end of the simulation fan;
the air inlet end of the second diversion air duct (33) is communicated with the air outlet end of the simulation fan, and a second valve (35) is arranged between the air inlet end of the second diversion air duct (33) and the air outlet end of the simulation fan; the air outlet end of the second air guide duct (33) is arranged around one end of the central air duct (31) which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulated fan, or the air outlet end of the second air guide duct (33) is provided with an annular air outlet, and the annular air outlet mask is arranged outside one end of the central air duct (31) which is opposite to the air outlet end of the simulated fan;
a second air inlet channel (36) positioned between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first diversion air channel (32) is arranged on the central air channel (31), and a third valve (37) is arranged on the second air inlet channel (36);
the central air duct (31) is provided with a fourth valve (38) positioned between the second air inlet channel (36) and the air outlet end of the first diversion air duct (32).
2. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 1, wherein: the two-dimensional plane moving device further comprises two guide rollers (18) which are respectively positioned at two ends of the simulation test through hole and used for guiding the soft shielding belt (5), and the guide rollers (18) are parallel to the winding and unwinding rollers (7) and axially move synchronously with the winding and unwinding rollers (7).
3. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 1, wherein: the width of the soft shielding belt (5) is more than or equal to twice the width of the simulation test through hole, and the geometric center of the simulation air port (6) is located on the central line of the soft shielding belt (5).
4. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 1, wherein: two sides of the soft shielding belt (5) are respectively provided with a clamping plate mechanism; the clamping plate mechanism comprises two clamping plates (19), the soft shielding belt (5) is positioned between the two clamping plates (19), and two ends of the two clamping plates (19) are respectively sleeved on the corresponding rotating shafts of the winding and unwinding rollers (7) in a rotating fit manner and axially move synchronously with the winding and unwinding rollers (7).
5. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of any one of claims 1-4, wherein: be equipped with on simulator mounting bracket (8) and be located first slide rail (20) in the vertical direction, simulator (9) sliding fit installs on first slide rail (20), just be equipped with on simulator mounting bracket (8) and be used for the drive simulator (9) are along the simulator actuating mechanism of first slide rail (20) removal.
6. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 5, wherein: the simulator mounting frame (8) comprises two mutually parallel support rods (21), the support rods (21) are provided with second sliding rails which are perpendicular to the winding and unwinding roller (7) and positioned in the horizontal direction, a sliding mounting frame (22) which is in sliding fit with the second sliding rails is arranged between the two support rods (21), the sliding mounting frame (22) is fixedly provided with a first sliding rail (20), and one end of the first sliding rail (20) is fixedly connected with the soft shielding belt (5); two ends of the supporting rod (21) are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the two winding and unwinding rollers (7) and synchronously move axially with the winding and unwinding rollers (7); a first hard mounting plate (23) is arranged on the soft shielding belt (5) corresponding to the simulated air port (6), and the first sliding rail (20) is fixedly connected with the first hard mounting plate (23); or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the simulator mounting frame (8) comprises a second hard mounting plate (24) which is fixedly mounted on the soft shielding belt (5) and corresponds to the simulated air port (6), and the first sliding rail (20) is fixedly mounted on the second hard mounting plate (24).
7. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 1, wherein: the bottom surface of the land environment test area (3) is provided with a test bed (25) positioned below the corresponding simulation test through hole, a lifting adjusting mechanism (26) for adjusting the position height of the test bed (25) is arranged below the test bed (25), and the test bed (25) is provided with a rotating table (27) for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure;
the wave groove (30) is arranged below the bottom surface of the water area environment test area (4), a bottom vibration box (30 a) for respectively generating downwind waves parallel to the flowing direction of the background wind and a lateral vibration box (30 b) for generating crosswind waves perpendicular to the flowing direction of the background wind are arranged in the wave groove (30), and an openable cover plate (30 c) is arranged at the notch of the wave groove (30).
8. The multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling of claim 1, wherein: the wind tunnel flow channel (1) is a direct-current flow channel, and the land environment test area (3) and the water area environment test area (4) are both arranged in the direct-current flow channel; or alternatively, the first and second heat exchangers may be,
the wind tunnel runner (1) is a backflow type runner, the backflow type runner comprises a first wind tunnel runner section (1 a) and a second wind tunnel runner section (1 b), the first wind tunnel runner section (1 a) and the second wind tunnel runner section (1 b) are connected end to realize airflow circulation, the wind tunnel fan (2) is installed in the first wind tunnel runner section (1 a), and the land environment test area (3) and the water area environment test area (4) are both arranged in the second wind tunnel runner section (1 b).
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