CN110006619B - Multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling, which comprises a wind tunnel flow passage, wherein a wind tunnel fan for generating background wind is arranged in the wind tunnel flow passage, and a land environment test area and a water area environment test area are also arranged in the wind tunnel flow passage; the device comprises a ground environment test area and a water area environment test area, wherein the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area are respectively provided with an extreme airflow simulation device, or the wind tunnel flow channel comprises a straight line test section, the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area are both arranged in the straight line test section, and the straight line test section is internally provided with the extreme airflow simulation device which can be used for simulating extreme airflows in the ground environment test area and the water area environment test area simultaneously. The multifunctional wind tunnel simulating multi-disaster coupling can simulate the effect of loads in land environment and water area environment on a building structure, simulate the real reflection condition of the building structure in various single wind field environments and simulate the real reflection condition of the building structure under the coupling effect of at least two wind fields.

Description

A multifunctional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnels, and is specifically a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling.

Background technique

A wind tunnel is a wind tunnel laboratory that artificially generates and controls airflow to simulate the flow of gas around an aircraft or entity, measure the effect of the airflow on the entity, and observe physical phenomena. Pipe-shaped experimental equipment is one of the most commonly used and effective tools for conducting aerodynamic experiments. The boundary layer wind tunnel is a long test section wind tunnel specially used for wind engineering tests. According to different uses, it can be divided into architectural wind tunnels, environmental wind tunnels, automobile-specific wind tunnels, etc. Among them, architectural wind tunnels are mainly used for the resistance of civil engineering structures. Wind research, such as wind resistance research on high-rise buildings, large bridges, transmission towers and other structures.

In the terrestrial environment, wind load is one of the main lateral loads of high-rise buildings. With the development of building structures such as long-span roofs, super high-rise buildings, long-span and ultra-long-span bridges, in order to meet the design and construction needs of these buildings, it is necessary to provide reliable wind tunnel test research methods to accurately simulate the structural details. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for experimentally studying the true reflection of these building structures under different wind loads and the coupling effects of multiple wind loads in the land environment.

There are abundant resources in the marine environment. In today's situation where the contradiction between tight global resource and energy supply and rapid population growth is becoming increasingly prominent, the development and utilization of marine resources has become a trend of global economic development. However, the marine environment is very complex, and the coupling effects of multiple loads can cause damage to marine projects. Among them, there are various load situations such as tornadoes, downbursts, waves and background winds. Therefore, it is also necessary to develop a method for experimentally studying the true reflection of different building structure forms under different loads and multiple load couplings in the water environment.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling, which can not only simulate the effects of loads on building structures in land environments and water environments, but also can simulate the effects of loads on building structures in various single wind fields. The true reflection of the environment and the true reflection of the building structure under the coupling effect of at least two wind fields.

In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A multi-functional wind tunnel that simulates multi-hazard coupling, including a wind tunnel flow channel. A wind tunnel fan for generating background wind is provided in the wind tunnel flow channel, and a land environment test area is also provided in the wind tunnel flow channel. and water environment test areas;

The land environment test area and the water environment test area are respectively equipped with extreme airflow simulation devices, or the wind tunnel flow path includes a linear test section, and the land environment test area and the water environment test area are both arranged in the linear test section. section, and the linear test section is equipped with an extreme airflow simulation device that can be used to simulate extreme airflows in the land environment test area and the water environment test area at the same time;

The extreme airflow simulation device includes a simulation device and a simulation test through hole opened on the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel, and a two-dimensional plane moving device is installed on the simulation test through hole;

The two-dimensional plane moving device includes a soft shielding belt covering the simulation test through hole. The soft shielding belt is provided with a simulation air outlet, and both ends of the soft shielding belt are respectively provided with driving A simulated air outlet moving mechanism that moves the simulated air outlet to move two-dimensionally in the simulated test through hole area;

The simulated air outlet moving mechanism includes a retracting and unwinding roller for retracting and unwinding the soft shielding tape and an axial movement mechanism for driving the retracting and unwinding roller to move along its axial direction;

The simulation device includes a simulator installation frame that moves synchronously with the simulation air outlet, and a simulator for simulating extreme airflow is installed on the simulator installation frame.

Further, the axial movement mechanism includes a screw arranged parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller and a moving plate that is rotatably fitted on the rotating shaft of the retracting and unwinding roller and moves axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding roller, The screw is threaded with the moving plate; the axial moving mechanism also includes a first guide rail arranged parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller, and the moving plate is provided with a second guide rail that cooperates with the first guide rail. guide.

Furthermore, the two-dimensional plane moving device also includes two guide rollers respectively located at both ends of the simulation test through hole and used to guide the soft shielding tape. The guide rollers are parallel to the retracting and unwinding rollers and are aligned with the The rewinding and unwinding rollers move axially synchronously.

Further, the width of the soft shielding strip is greater than or equal to twice the width of the simulated test through hole, and the geometric center of the simulated air outlet falls on the center line of the soft shielding strip.

Further, a splint mechanism is provided on both sides of the soft shielding belt; the splint mechanism includes two plywood, the soft shielding belt is located between the two plywood, and the two ends of the two plywood are respectively The rotary fit is mounted on the corresponding rotating shaft of the retracting and unwinding roller and moves axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding roller.

Further, the simulator mounting frame is provided with a first slide rail located in a vertical direction, the simulator is slidably mounted on the first slide rail, and the simulator mounting frame is provided with a drive rail. A simulator driving mechanism for moving the simulator along the first slide rail.

Further, the simulator installation frame includes two support rods parallel to each other, the support rods are provided with a second slide rail perpendicular to the retracting and unwinding roller and located in the horizontal direction, and the two support rods There is a sliding installation frame that slides with the second slide rail. The first slide rail is fixedly installed on the sliding installation frame. One end of the first slide rail is in contact with the soft shielding belt. Fixed connection; the two ends of the support rod are respectively set on the rotating shafts of the two retracting and unwinding rollers and move axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding rollers; the soft shielding belt corresponds to the simulated air outlet A first hard mounting plate is provided, and the first slide rail is fixedly connected to the first hard mounting plate; or,

The simulator mounting frame includes a second hard mounting plate fixedly mounted on the soft shielding belt and corresponding to the simulated air outlet, and the first slide rail is fixedly mounted on the second hard mounting plate. superior.

Further, a test bench is provided on the bottom surface of the land environment test area below the corresponding simulation test through hole, and a lifting adjustment mechanism for adjusting its position and height is provided below the test bench, and the test bench is A rotating table is provided for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure;

A wave trough is provided below the bottom surface of the water environment test area. The wave trough is provided with a bottom vibration box for generating downwind waves that are parallel to the background wind flow direction and a crosswind wave that is perpendicular to the background wind flow direction. The side vibrating box has an openable and closable cover plate at the notch of the wave groove.

Further, the wind tunnel flow channel is a straight-flow flow channel, and the land environment test area and the water environment test area are both arranged in the straight-flow flow channel; or,

The wind tunnel flow channel is a return flow channel, and the return flow channel includes a first wind tunnel flow channel section and a second wind tunnel flow channel section, and the first wind tunnel flow channel section and the second wind tunnel flow channel section are The tunnel flow passage sections are connected end to end to achieve air flow circulation. The wind tunnel fan is installed in the first wind tunnel flow passage section. The land environment test area and the water environment test area are both arranged in the second wind tunnel. within the flow channel section.

Further, the simulator adopts a tornado simulator, a downburst simulator or a downburst gust simulator; or,

The simulator adopts a multi-functional simulator, and the multi-functional simulator includes a central air duct, a first diversion air duct and a second diversion air duct, and a simulated fan is installed in the central air duct;

The air inlet end of the first guide air duct is connected to the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct is connected to the air inlet end of the simulated fan, and the air inlet end of the first guide air duct is connected to the air inlet end of the simulated fan. A first valve is provided between the air inlet end of the first diversion air duct and the air outlet end of the simulated fan;

The air inlet end of the second air guide duct is connected with the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and there is an air inlet end between the air inlet end of the second air guide duct and the air outlet end of the simulated fan. The second valve; the air outlet end of the second air guide duct is arranged around the end of the central air duct facing away from the air outlet end of the simulated fan, or the air outlet end of the second air guide duct is provided with There is an annular air outlet, and the annular air outlet mask is located outside one end of the central air duct facing away from the air outlet end of the simulated fan;

The central air duct is provided with a second air inlet channel between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct, and a third valve is provided on the second air inlet channel. ;

The central air duct is provided with a fourth valve located between the second air inlet channel and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The multi-functional wind tunnel of the present invention that simulates multi-hazard coupling, by setting up a land environment test area and a water environment test area in the wind tunnel flow channel, the land environment test area can simulate the different wind conditions of building structures built on land in the land environment. The water environment test area can simulate the true reflection of building structures built in waters (oceans, lakes and rivers) under different loads and the coupling effects of multiple loads in the water environment. ; At the same time, by setting up an extreme airflow simulation device, the simulator can simulate a variety of extreme airflow effects, such as tornadoes, downbursts, and downburst gusts, etc., combined with wind tunnel fans to simulate background winds. In this way, not only can Simulate the true reflection of the building structure under various single wind field environments, and can also simulate the true reflection of the building structure under the coupling effect of at least two wind fields.

Description of the drawings

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention clearer, the present invention provides the following drawings for illustration:

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to the present invention;

Figure 2 is a detailed view of A in Figure 1;

Figure 3 is the detailed view of B in Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a detailed view of C in Figure 2;

Figure 5 is a top view of Figure 2;

Figure 6 is a detailed view of D in Figure 5;

Figure 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the multifunctional simulator;

Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to the present invention;

Figure 9 is a detailed view of E in Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a top view of Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a detailed view of F of 10.

Explanation of reference symbols:

1-Wind tunnel flow channel; 1a-First wind tunnel flow channel section; 1b-Second wind tunnel flow channel section; 1c-Guide piece; 2-Wind tunnel fan; 3-Land environment test area; 4-Water environment test area; 5-soft shielding belt; 6-simulated air outlet; 7-retracting and unwinding roller; 8-simulator mounting frame; 9-simulator; 10-retracting and unwinding motor; 11-retracting and unwinding gearbox; 12- Screw; 13-moving plate; 14-screw motor; 15-screw gearbox; 16-first guide rail; 17-second guide rail; 18-guide roller; 19-clamp; 20-first slide rail; 21- Support rod; 22-sliding mounting frame; 23-first hard mounting plate; 24-second hard mounting plate; 25-test bench; 26-lifting adjustment mechanism; 27-rotating table; 28-rotating motor; 29- Gear transmission mechanism; 30-wave groove; 30a-bottom vibration box; 30b-side vibration box; 30c-cover plate; 31-center air duct; 32-first air guide duct; 33-second air guide duct ; 34-first valve; 35-second valve; 36-second air inlet duct; 37-third valve; 38-fourth valve; 39-fifth valve; 40-honeycomb; 41-motor; 42 - Impeller; 43 - guide cover; 44 - guide plate; 45 - simulator drive screw; 46 - simulator drive motor; 47 - slider.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific examples, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the examples are not intended to limit the present invention.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to the present invention. The multifunctional wind tunnel of this embodiment for simulating multi-hazard coupling includes a wind tunnel flow channel 1. The wind tunnel flow channel 1 is provided with a wind tunnel fan 2 for generating background wind, and the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is also provided with a land surface. Environmental test area 3 and water environment test area 4. Extreme airflow simulation devices are respectively installed in the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4, or the wind tunnel flow channel 1 includes a linear test section, and the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both set up in the linear test section, And the linear test section is equipped with an extreme airflow simulation device that can be used to simulate extreme airflows in the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 at the same time. The wind tunnel flow channel 1 of this embodiment includes a straight-line test section. The land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both arranged in the straight-line test section, and there are devices in the straight-line test section that can be used to test the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 at the same time. Extreme airflow simulation device that simulates extreme airflows in the water environment test area 4.

The extreme airflow simulation device of this embodiment includes a simulation device and a simulation test through hole opened on the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel 1. A two-dimensional plane moving device is installed on the simulation test through hole. The two-dimensional plane moving device of this embodiment includes a soft shielding belt 5 covering the simulated test through hole. The soft shielding belt 5 is provided with a simulation air outlet 6, and both ends of the soft shielding belt 5 are provided with driving It is a simulated air outlet moving mechanism that causes the simulated air outlet 6 to move two-dimensionally in the simulated test through hole area. The simulated air outlet moving mechanism of this embodiment includes a retracting and unwinding roller 7 for rewinding and unwinding the soft shielding tape 5 and an axial movement mechanism for driving the retracting and unwinding roller 7 to move along its axial direction. The simulation device of this embodiment includes a simulator installation frame 8 that moves synchronously with the simulation air outlet 6. A simulator 9 for simulating extreme airflow is installed on the simulator installation frame 8.

The rewinding and unwinding roller 7 in this embodiment is provided with a rewinding and unwinding driving mechanism for driving its rotation to rewind or unwind the soft shielding tape 5 . The rewinding and unwinding drive mechanism of this embodiment includes a rewinding and unwinding motor 10 and a rewinding and unwinding gearbox 11 that is drivingly connected to the rewinding and unwinding motor 10 . The output shaft of the rewinding and unwinding gearbox 11 is drivingly connected to the rewinding and unwinding roller 7 . By respectively controlling the synchronous rotation of the rewinding and unwinding motors 10 that are transmission-connected to the two rewinding and unwinding rollers 7 , the simulated air outlet 6 can be driven to move in the axial direction perpendicular to the rewinding and unwinding rollers 7 .

The axial movement mechanism of this embodiment includes a screw 12 arranged parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller 7 and a moving plate 13 that is rotatably fitted on the rotating shaft of the retracting and unwinding roller 7 and moves axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding roller 7. The screw 12 is threaded with the moving plate 13. Preferably, both ends of the rotating shaft of the retracting and unwinding roller 7 are provided with moving plates 13 that rotate with it. The two moving plates 13 are threadedly matched with the screw 12 to make the retracting and unwinding roller 7 move more smoothly in the axial direction. The screw 12 in this embodiment is provided with a screw driving mechanism for driving its rotation; the screw driving mechanism includes a screw motor 14 and a screw gearbox 15 that is transmission connected to the screw motor 14. The output of the screw gearbox 15 The shaft is drivingly connected to the screw rod 12. By controlling the two screw motors 14 to rotate synchronously, the two retracting and unwinding rollers 7 can be driven to move synchronously along their axial directions, thereby driving the simulated air outlet 6 to move along the axial direction of the retracting and unwinding rollers 7 . Preferably, the axial movement mechanism of this embodiment also includes a first guide rail 16 arranged parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller 7. The moving plate 13 is provided with a second guide rail 17 that cooperates with the first guide rail 16 for movement guidance.

The two-dimensional plane moving device of this embodiment also includes two guide rollers 18 located at both ends of the simulation test through hole and used to guide the soft shielding tape 5. The guide rollers 18 are parallel to the retracting and unwinding rollers 7 and are aligned with the retracting and unwinding rollers. 7 Synchronous axial movement. It is used to guide the soft shielding tape 5 so that the soft shielding tape 5 can always completely cover the simulated test through hole.

The width of the soft shielding strip 5 in this embodiment is greater than or equal to twice the width of the simulated test through hole, and the geometric center of the simulated air outlet 6 falls on the center line of the soft shielding strip 5 . In this way, the two-dimensional plane moving area of the simulated air outlet 6 can completely cover the area where the simulated test through hole is located.

The soft shielding belt 5 in this embodiment is provided with splint mechanisms on both sides. The splint mechanism of this embodiment includes two splints 19. The soft shielding belt 5 is located between the two splints 19. The two ends of the two splints 19 are respectively rotated and fitted on the rotating shaft of the corresponding retracting and unwinding roller 7 and are connected with the retracting roller 7. The unwinding roller 7 moves axially simultaneously. The two ends of the two clamping plates 19 in this embodiment are respectively rotatably fitted onto the rotating shafts of the corresponding retracting and unwinding rollers 7 and guide rollers 18 . By providing a splint mechanism, the area of the soft shielding strip 5 located in the middle of the simulated test through hole can be prevented from deforming under the action of the air flow inside the wind tunnel flow channel 1, thereby avoiding interference with the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1.

The simulator mounting frame 8 of this embodiment is provided with a first slide rail 20 located in the vertical direction. The simulator 9 is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 20, and the simulator mounting frame 8 is provided with a first slide rail 20 for driving the simulation. The simulator 9 moves along the first slide rail 20. The simulator mounting frame 8 of this embodiment is provided with a slider 44 that slides with the first slide rail 20 . The simulator driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a simulator driving screw 45 that is parallel to the first slide rail 20 . The driving screw 45 is threaded with one of the slide blocks 44 , and a simulator driving motor 46 for driving the simulator driving screw 45 to rotate is fixedly installed on the first slide rail 20 . By arranging the first slide rail in the vertical direction on the simulator mounting frame, the tornado simulator can be driven to move in the vertical direction along the first slide rail, and the simulator synchronizes with the simulated wind outlet. On the basis of two-dimensional plane movement, three-dimensional movement can be achieved.

The simulator installation frame 8 of this embodiment includes two mutually parallel support rods 21. The support rods 21 are provided with a second slide rail perpendicular to the retracting and unwinding roller 7 and located in the horizontal direction, and the two support rods 21 A sliding mounting frame 22 is provided in between and is slidably matched with the second sliding rail. A first sliding rail 20 is fixedly installed on the sliding mounting frame 22. One end of the first sliding rail 20 is fixedly connected to the soft shielding belt 5; the support rod 21 The two ends are respectively set on the rotating shafts of the two retracting and unwinding rollers 7 and move axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding rollers 7; the soft shielding belt 5 is provided with a first hard mounting plate 23 corresponding to the simulated air outlet 6. A slide rail 20 is fixedly connected to the first hard mounting plate 23 . In this way, the sliding mounting bracket 22 can slide along the second slide rail driven by the soft shielding belt 5 and move along the axial direction of the rewinding and unwinding roller 7 driven by the axial movement of the rewinding and unwinding roller 7 . The first slide rails 20 in this embodiment are evenly distributed in an annular shape relative to the axis of the simulated air outlet 6 .

The bottom surface of the terrestrial environment test area 3 of this embodiment is provided with a test bench 25 located below the corresponding simulation test through hole. A lifting adjustment mechanism 26 is provided below the test bench 25 for adjusting its position and height, and the test bench 25 is provided with a There is a rotating table 27 for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure. Specifically, the test bench 25 in this embodiment is provided with a circular through hole in the middle, the rotating table 27 is rotatably installed in the circular through hole, and the test bench 25 is provided with a driving mechanism for driving the rotating table 27 to rotate. The driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a rotating motor 28, and a gear transmission mechanism 29 is provided between the rotating motor 28 and the rotating shaft of the test bench 27.

A wave tank 30 is provided below the bottom surface of the water environment test area 4 of this embodiment. The wave tank 30 is provided with a bottom vibration box 30a for respectively generating downwind waves parallel to the background wind flow direction and a bottom vibration box 30a perpendicular to the background wind flow direction. The side part of the wave box 30b is vibrated by the cross wind, and the opening of the wave groove 30 is provided with an openable and closable cover 30c. Through the cooperation between the bottom vibration box 30a and the side vibration box 30b, waves at any angle to the background wind flow direction can be simulated in the wave groove 30, which will not be described again. The wave tank 30 of this embodiment is also provided with a wave absorber.

Specifically, the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is a direct flow channel, and the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both set in the direct flow channel; or, the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is a return flow channel, and the return flow channel It includes a first wind tunnel flow section 1a and a second wind tunnel flow section 1b. The first wind tunnel flow section 1a and the second wind tunnel flow section 1b are connected end to end to achieve air flow circulation. The wind tunnel fan 2 is installed on In the first wind tunnel flow channel section 1a, the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both arranged in the second wind tunnel flow channel section 1b. The wind tunnel flow channel in this embodiment adopts a return flow channel, that is, the multi-functional wind tunnel simulating multi-hazard coupling in this embodiment is a return flow wind tunnel. Among them, the cross-sectional area of the first wind tunnel flow channel section 1a is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the second wind tunnel flow channel section 1b, that is, the velocity of the background wind flow in the first wind tunnel flow channel section 1a is greater than that in the second wind tunnel flow channel section 1a. Velocity in flow channel section 1b. In this embodiment, a guide piece 1c for guiding the background airflow is provided at the bend between the first wind tunnel flow channel section 1a and the second wind tunnel flow channel section 1b.

Specifically, the simulator 9 may be a tornado simulator, a downburst simulator or a downburst gust simulator. The simulator in this embodiment adopts a multi-functional simulator. The multi-functional simulator includes a central air duct 31, a first air guide duct 32 and a second air guide duct 33. A simulated fan is installed in the central air duct 31. The simulated fan in this embodiment includes a motor 41 and an impeller 42 installed on the output shaft of the motor 41; the motor 41 is also provided with a deflector 43.

In this embodiment, the air inlet end of the first air guide duct 32 is connected to the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and the air outlet end of the first air guide duct 32 is connected to the air inlet end of the simulated fan, and the first air guide duct 32 is connected to the air inlet end of the simulated fan. A first valve 34 is provided between the air inlet end of the flow channel 32 and the air outlet end of the simulated fan. Preferably, at least two first air guide ducts 32 are arranged in an annular shape with the axis of the central air duct 31 as the center line. In this embodiment, the first air guide ducts 32 are annular with the axis of the central air duct 31 as the center line. Evenly arranged at 4 poles, it can effectively disperse the airflow to reduce resistance and make the airflow distribution more even. In this embodiment, a fifth valve 39 is provided at the air outlet end of the first air guide duct 32 to prevent the first air guide duct 32 from affecting the airflow in the central air duct 31 .

In this embodiment, the air inlet end of the second air guide duct 33 is connected with the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and there is a second air inlet end between the air inlet end of the second air guide duct 33 and the air outlet end of the simulated fan. Valve 35; the air outlet end of the second air guide duct 33 is set around the end of the central air duct 31 facing away from the simulated fan outlet, or the air outlet end of the second air guide duct 33 is provided with an annular air outlet, annular The air outlet mask is located outside the end of the central air duct 31 facing away from the air outlet end of the simulated fan. Specifically, the air outlet ends of the second air guide duct 33 are evenly distributed annularly around the central air duct 31 , or the annular air outlet is coaxially arranged with the central air duct 31 . The air outlet end of the second air guide duct 33 in this embodiment is provided with an annular air outlet.

The central air duct 31 of this embodiment is provided with a second air inlet channel 36 located between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct 32. The second air inlet channel 36 is provided with a third air inlet channel 36. Valve 37; Preferably, the second air inlet duct 36 is evenly arranged in an annular shape relative to the axis of the central air duct 31, so that the inlet air flow distribution is more uniform.

The central air duct 31 of this embodiment is provided with a fourth valve 38 located between the second air inlet channel 36 and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct 32 . In this embodiment, the axis of the central air duct 31 is located in the vertical direction, the air outlet end of the simulated fan is located above the air inlet end, and a honeycomb 40 is provided at the lowermost end of the central air duct 31 . Preferably, deflectors 44 are respectively provided at the corners of the central air duct 31, the first air guide duct 32 and the second air guide duct 33 for air flow guidance.

Specifically, the method of using the multifunctional simulator tornado and downburst of this embodiment is:

1) The tornado simulation method is: close the first valve 4 and the third valve 7, open the second valve 5 and the fourth valve 8, start the simulated fan, so that the airflow enters the simulation from the center air duct 1 away from the outlet end of the simulated fan. fan, and the air flow is discharged through the second air flow duct 3 after passing through the simulated fan. The air flow discharged through the second air flow duct 3 then enters the simulated fan through the end of the central air duct 1 facing away from the outlet end of the simulated fan, forming an air flow circulation, and A simulated tornado is formed at the end of the central air duct 1 facing away from the air outlet of the simulated fan;

2) The simulation method of downburst is: close the second valve 5 and the fourth valve 8, open the first valve 4 and the third valve 7, start the simulated fan, so that the airflow enters the simulated fan from the second air inlet channel 6 At the air inlet end, the airflow enters the first diversion duct 2 through the simulated fan, and the airflow in the first diversion duct 2 returns to the end of the central air duct 1 facing away from the outlet end of the simulated fan, and forms a simulated downward Hit the torrent.

That is, the multifunctional simulator of this embodiment closes the first air guide duct and the second air inlet channel and opens the second simulated air duct by setting up a central air duct, a first air guide duct and a second air guide duct. , can simulate a tornado; close the second air diversion duct, and open the first air diversion duct and the second air inlet channel, can simulate a downburst; that is, the two-in-one tornado and downburst of the present invention The simulation device can simulate both tornadoes and downbursts.

The multi-functional wind tunnel of this embodiment that simulates multi-hazard coupling has a land environment test area and a water environment test area set up in the wind tunnel flow channel. The land environment test area can simulate the different effects of building structures built on land in the land environment. A true reflection of wind load and the coupling effects of various wind loads. The water environment test area can simulate the real effects of building structures built in waters (oceans, lakes and rivers) under different loads and coupling effects of multiple loads in the water environment. Reflect; at the same time, by setting up extreme airflow simulation devices and using simulators, it can simulate a variety of extreme airflow effects, such as tornadoes, downbursts, and downburst gusts, etc., combined with wind tunnel fans to simulate background winds. In this way, not only It can simulate the true reflection of the building structure under various single wind field environments, and it can also simulate the true reflection of the building structure under the coupling effect of at least two wind fields.

Example 2

As shown in Figure 8, it is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 2 of a multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to the present invention. The multifunctional wind tunnel of this embodiment for simulating multi-hazard coupling includes a wind tunnel flow channel 1. The wind tunnel flow channel 1 is provided with a wind tunnel fan 2 for generating background wind, and the wind tunnel flow channel 1 is also provided with a land surface. Environmental test area 3 and water environment test area 4. Extreme airflow simulation devices are respectively installed in the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4, or the wind tunnel flow channel 1 includes a linear test section, and the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both set up in the linear test section, And the linear test section is equipped with an extreme airflow simulation device that can be used to simulate extreme airflows in the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 at the same time. The wind tunnel flow channel 1 of this embodiment includes a straight-line test section. The land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 are both arranged in the straight-line test section, and there are devices in the straight-line test section that can be used to test the land environment test area 3 and the water environment test area 4 at the same time. Extreme airflow simulation device that simulates extreme airflows in the water environment test area 4.

The extreme airflow simulation device of this embodiment includes a simulation device and a simulation test through hole opened on the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel 1. A two-dimensional plane moving device is installed on the simulation test through hole. The two-dimensional plane moving device of this embodiment includes a soft shielding belt 5 covering the simulated test through hole. The soft shielding belt 5 is provided with a simulation air outlet 6, and both ends of the soft shielding belt 5 are provided with driving It is a simulated air outlet moving mechanism that causes the simulated air outlet 6 to move two-dimensionally in the simulated test through hole area. The simulated air outlet moving mechanism of this embodiment includes a retracting and unwinding roller 7 for rewinding and unwinding the soft shielding tape 5 and an axial movement mechanism for driving the retracting and unwinding roller 7 to move along its axial direction. The simulation device of this embodiment includes a simulator installation frame 8 that moves synchronously with the simulation air outlet 6. A simulator 9 for simulating extreme airflow is installed on the simulator installation frame 8.

The soft shielding belt 5 in this embodiment is provided with splint mechanisms on both sides. The splint mechanism of this embodiment includes two splints 19. The soft shielding belt 5 is located between the two splints 19. The two ends of the two splints 19 are respectively rotated and fitted on the rotating shaft of the corresponding retracting and unwinding roller 7 and are connected with the retracting roller 7. The unwinding roller 7 moves axially simultaneously. The two ends of the two clamping plates 19 in this embodiment are respectively rotatably fitted onto the rotating shafts of the corresponding retracting and unwinding rollers 7 and guide rollers 18 . By providing a splint mechanism, the area of the soft shielding strip 5 located in the middle of the simulated test through hole can be prevented from deforming under the action of the air flow inside the wind tunnel flow channel 1, thereby avoiding interference with the air flow in the wind tunnel flow channel 1.

The simulator mounting frame 8 of this embodiment is provided with a first slide rail 20 located in the vertical direction. The simulator 9 is slidably mounted on the first slide rail 20, and the simulator mounting frame 8 is provided with a first slide rail 20 for driving the simulation. The simulator 9 moves along the first slide rail 20. The simulator mounting frame 8 of this embodiment is provided with a slider 44 that slides with the first slide rail 20 . The simulator driving mechanism of this embodiment includes a simulator driving screw 45 that is parallel to the first slide rail 20 . The driving screw 45 is threaded with one of the slide blocks 44 , and a simulator driving motor 46 for driving the simulator driving screw 45 to rotate is fixedly installed on the first slide rail 20 . By arranging the first slide rail in the vertical direction on the simulator mounting frame, the tornado simulator can be driven to move in the vertical direction along the first slide rail, and the simulator synchronizes with the simulated wind outlet. On the basis of two-dimensional plane movement, three-dimensional movement can be achieved.

The simulator mounting frame 8 of this embodiment includes a second hard mounting plate 24 fixedly mounted on the soft shielding belt 5 and corresponding to the simulated air outlet 6. The first slide rail 20 is fixedly mounted on the second hard mounting plate 24. superior. There is a sliding fit between the simulator mounting frame 8 and the splints 19 respectively located on both sides of the soft shielding belt 5 . In this way, the second hard mounting plate 24 can be used to drive the simulator mounting bracket 8 to move synchronously with the simulation air outlet 6 .

Other structures of this embodiment are the same as those of Embodiment 1 and will not be described one by one.

The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments to fully illustrate the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutions or transformations made by those skilled in the art on the basis of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be determined by the claims.

Claims (8)

1. A multifunctional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling, characterized by: including a wind tunnel flow channel (1), and a wind tunnel fan (2) for generating background wind is provided in the wind tunnel flow channel (1) , and the wind tunnel flow channel (1) is also equipped with a land environment test area (3) and a water environment test area (4); The land environment test area (3) and the water environment test area (4) are respectively equipped with extreme airflow simulation devices, or the wind tunnel flow channel (1) includes a straight test section, and the land environment test area (3) and water environment test area (4) are both arranged in the linear test section, and the linear test section is equipped with a device that can be used to simultaneously simulate the land environment test area (3) and the water environment test area (4). Extreme airflow simulator for extreme airflow; The extreme airflow simulation device includes a simulation device and a simulation test through hole opened on the top surface of the wind tunnel flow channel (1), and a two-dimensional plane moving device is installed on the simulation test through hole; The two-dimensional plane moving device includes a soft shielding belt (5) covering the simulated test through hole. The soft shielding belt (5) is provided with a simulation air outlet (6), and the soft shielding belt (5) is provided with a simulation air outlet (6). Both ends of the belt (5) are respectively provided with simulated air outlet moving mechanisms for driving its movement and causing the simulated air outlet (6) to move two-dimensionally in the simulated test through hole area; The simulated air outlet moving mechanism includes a retracting and unwinding roller (7) for rewinding and unwinding the soft shielding tape (5) and a shaft for driving the retracting and unwinding roller (7) to move along its axial direction. to mobile agencies; The simulation device includes a simulator installation frame (8) that moves synchronously with the simulation air outlet (6), and a simulator (9) for simulating extreme airflow is installed on the simulator installation frame (8); The axial movement mechanism includes a screw (12) arranged parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller (7) and is rotatably fitted on the rotating shaft of the retracting and unwinding roller (7) and connected with the retracting and unwinding roller (7). 7) The moving plate (13) moves synchronously in the axial direction, and the screw (12) is threadedly matched with the moving plate (13); the axial moving mechanism also includes a parallel arrangement with the retracting and unwinding roller (7) The first guide rail (16), the moving plate (13) is provided with a second guide rail (17) that cooperates with the first guide rail (16); The simulator adopts a multi-functional simulator. The multi-functional simulator includes a central air duct (31), a first air guide duct (32) and a second air guide duct (33). The central air duct (31) 31) A simulated fan is installed inside; The air inlet end of the first guide air duct (32) is connected with the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct (32) is connected with the air inlet end of the simulated fan. The two ends are connected, and a first valve (34) is provided between the air inlet end of the first guide air duct (32) and the air outlet end of the simulated fan; The air inlet end of the second air guide duct (33) is connected with the air outlet end of the simulated fan, and the air inlet end of the second air guide duct (33) is connected with the outlet end of the simulated fan. A second valve (35) is provided between the air ends; the air outlet end of the second guide air duct (33) is arranged around the end of the central air duct (31) facing away from the air outlet end of the simulated fan. , or the air outlet end of the second guide air duct (33) is provided with an annular air outlet, and the annular air outlet mask is located outside the end of the central air duct (31) facing away from the air outlet end of the simulated fan. ; The central air duct (31) is provided with a second air inlet channel (36) between the air inlet end of the simulated fan and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct (32). The second air inlet channel (36) is provided with a third valve (37); The central air duct (31) is provided with a fourth valve (38) located between the second air inlet channel (36) and the air outlet end of the first guide air duct (32). 2. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the two-dimensional plane moving device further includes a wind tunnel located at both ends of the simulation test through hole and used to guide the soft shield. The two guide rollers (18) of the belt (5) are parallel to the retracting and unwinding roller (7) and move axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding roller (7). 3. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the soft shielding strip (5) is greater than or equal to twice the width of the simulation test through hole, and the The geometric center of the simulated air outlet (6) falls on the center line of the soft shielding strip (5). 4. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: a splint mechanism is provided on both sides of the soft shielding belt (5); the splint mechanism includes two splints ( 19), the soft shielding belt (5) is located between the two plywoods (19), and the two ends of the two plywoods (19) are rotated and fitted on the corresponding retracting and unwinding rollers (7). ) and moves axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding roller (7). 5. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: the simulator mounting frame (8) is provided with a first slide rail located in the vertical direction. (20), the simulator (9) is mounted on the first slide rail (20) with a sliding fit, and the simulator mounting bracket (8) is provided with a device for driving the simulator (9) along the The simulator driving mechanism for moving the first slide rail (20). 6. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 5, characterized in that: the simulator mounting frame (8) includes two mutually parallel support rods (21), and the support rods (21 ) is provided with a second slide rail perpendicular to the retracting and unwinding roller (7) and located in the horizontal direction, and between the two support rods (21) there is a slide rail that slides with the second slide rail. The sliding mounting frame (22) is fixedly installed with the first sliding rail (20), and one end of the first sliding rail (20) is connected to the soft shielding belt (5 ) is fixedly connected; the two ends of the support rod (21) are respectively sleeved on the rotating shafts of the two retracting and unwinding rollers (7) and move axially synchronously with the retracting and unwinding rollers (7); the soft The material shielding belt (5) is provided with a first hard mounting plate (23) corresponding to the simulated air outlet (6), and the first slide rail (20) is fixed to the first hard mounting plate (23). connection; or, The simulator mounting bracket (8) includes a second hard mounting plate (24) fixedly installed on the soft shielding strip (5) and corresponding to the simulated air outlet (6). The first sliding The rail (20) is fixedly installed on the second hard mounting plate (24). 7. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom surface of the terrestrial environment test area (3) is provided with a test bench (located below the corresponding simulation test through hole). 25), a lifting adjustment mechanism (26) for adjusting the position and height of the test bench (25) is provided below, and a rotating table (27) for adjusting the placement direction of the test model structure is provided on the test bench (25). ); A wave tank (30) is provided below the bottom surface of the water environment test area (4), and a bottom vibration box (30a) for generating downwind waves parallel to the background wind flow direction is provided in the wave tank (30). and a side vibrating box (30b) for cross-wind waves perpendicular to the background wind flow direction, and an openable and closable cover plate (30c) is provided at the notch of the wave groove (30). 8. The multi-functional wind tunnel for simulating multi-hazard coupling according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wind tunnel flow channel (1) is a DC flow channel, and the land environment test area (3) and water environment The test areas (4) are all arranged in the DC flow channel; or, The wind tunnel flow channel (1) is a return flow channel, and the return flow channel includes a first wind tunnel flow channel section (1a) and a second wind tunnel flow channel section (1b). The first wind tunnel flow channel The flow channel section (1a) and the second wind tunnel flow channel section (1b) are connected end to end to achieve air flow circulation, and the wind tunnel fan (2) is installed in the first wind tunnel flow channel section (1a) , the land environment test area (3) and the water environment test area (4) are both arranged in the second wind tunnel flow channel section (1b).