CN109696288A - A kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device and its experiment detection method - Google Patents
A kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device and its experiment detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device and its experiment detection method, it includes wind-tunnel and the Transfer rack that is arranged in the wind-tunnel, wind-tunnel includes collector, power section, big angle diffuser, stable section, contraction section, test section, diffuser and outlet diffuser, the length, width and height of test section are having a size of 28m*5m*3.5m, the hole body overall length of entire wind-tunnel is 71.1m, wherein the wind-tunnel is direct current blowdown wind tunnel configuration；Environmental wind tunnel in this programme can complete the diffusion mobility analog study of pollution pollutant in an atmosphere: the wind tunnel simulation of big scale model, complicated landform influence, the analog study of mesoscale leeward slope, the influence research of rainfall, snowfall to the diffusion of pollutant, aerosol deposition and the research of settling flux characteristic, the research etc. of urban area pollutant migration and diffusion rule；Achievable pollutant transmits diffusion in atmospheric boundary layer with aerosol dry and wet study on deposition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to atmosphere pollution diffusion mobility rule technical fields, and in particular to a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel
Device and its experiment detection method.
Background technique
Wind tunnel simulation experiment is the atmospheric boundary laminar flow that full size is reproduced in wind-tunnel and a kind of physics of diffusion phenomena
Analogy method, premise must assure that the similitude of two running systems of wind tunnel model and live prototype.Wherein test section size is
The deciding factor of wind-tunnel fluid simulation ability (realizing similitude), it decides the similitude of simulated experiment.Test section is peace
The position that model is tested is set, test section size is by height, width and length, and test section section is bigger, length is longer, simulation
Region it is also bigger, the atmospheric boundary layer of simulation is truer, to simulated domain model contract it is better than treatment effect.
The main application of atmospheric environment wind-tunnel, which is divided into two major classes, to be shown to the finding of domestic and international atmospheric environment wind-tunnel,
First is that Atmospheric Diffusion and AIR POLLUTION STUDY；Second is that wind environment, building structure, wind shake, wind load research.In the simulation of environmental wind tunnel
In terms of ability, compared with Domestic Environment wind-tunnel, external environmental wind tunnel analog capability is significantly improved, be mainly shown as have it is dry, wet
Deposit the ability of simulation.The test section sectional dimension of home and abroad environment wind-tunnel is commonly wide 1.5~6m, high 1~4m, wherein to add
Put on airs University of Western Ontario (The University of Western Ontario) environmental wind tunnel it is most representative, should
Environmental wind tunnel is double test sections, and slow-speed test section section is width 4.8m, high 3.3m, and high-speed test (HST) section section is width 3.3m, height
2.1m。
The custom requirements that radioactive pollutant studies surrounding environment influence are discharged according to nuclear facilities, on zonal influence
It is 10km that research, which generally requires simulation region radius,.According to the theory of similarity, wind tunnel model contracting is existing than that should be not higher than 1:5000
Domestic test chamber section is 1.5m × 1m, and after considering wall effect, the region maximum radius range of analog is
2.5km cannot meet requirement of the regional effect research to model contracting ratio and simulated domain range simultaneously well.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel devices
And its experiment detection method, the simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device and its experimental method and detection method being capable of effective simulated atmospheres
Boundary layer wind tunnel can complete the diffusion mobility analog study of pollution pollutant in an atmosphere, while be also equipped with dry and wet deposition simulation
Function.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
The Transfer rack that a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device includes wind-tunnel and is arranged in the wind-tunnel, the wind
Hole includes the collector being sequentially connected, power section, big angle diffuser, stable section, contraction section, test section, diffuser and goes out
Mouth diffuser, wherein the inlet of entire wind-tunnel is arranged in the collector, for guaranteeing that air-flow smooth can smoothly enter
Into the subsequent power section, the big angle, which is expanded, calculates section setting between the power section and stable section, described dynamic for guaranteeing
Gas in power section flows to the stabilization transition between the stable section, and the wind speed range in the test section is controlled in 0.2m/s-
20m/s, wherein being controlled for generating the wind speed range of gentle breeze in 0.5m/s-5m/s, for generating the wind speed model of apoplexy when test
System is contained in 5m/s-20m/s；The 28m* that the length, width and height size of the test section uses analog full size atmospheric boundary layer to require
5m*3.5m design size, the hole body overall length of the entire wind-tunnel is 71.1m, wherein the wind-tunnel is direct current blowdown wind tunnel structure
Type.
Further, the Transfer rack include along wind-tunnel axial movement X to mobile mechanism, it is horizontal along the wind-tunnel
Z-direction mobile mechanism direction mobile Y-direction mobile mechanism and moved along the wind-tunnel vertical direction, wherein the X is to movement
Mechanism and the wind-tunnel inner wall constitute the X moved axially along wind-tunnel to being slidably connected, and the Y-direction mobile mechanism is slidably mounted on institute
X is stated in mobile mechanism and constitute being slidably connected in the horizontal direction with it, the Z-direction mobile mechanism is slidably mounted on the Y
Being slidably connected for vertical direction is constituted in mobile mechanism and with it.
Further, the cross sectional shape of its input end of collector is the design structure using the circular arc by a quarter.
Further, its entrance of the power section is equipped with one layer of protective net for preventing sundries from entering.
Further, the stable section inner cavity is equipped with honeycomb.
Further, its inner cavity of the stable section is additionally provided with three layers of damping screen.
Further, its area ratio of the diffuser is two, and angle of flare is less than 6 °.
Further, the Z-direction mobile mechanism is connected in series by guide rail lead screw assembled unit and elevator two parts, wherein institute
Guide rail lead screw assembled unit is stated to be mounted on Y-direction mobile mechanism bottom face by the guide rail lead screw hanger being provided with, it is described
Guide rail lead screw hanger under the drive of the motor can be mobile into the sliding of vertical direction, and the elevator passes through the lifting being provided with admittedly
Machine bracket is fixedly mounted on the guide rail lead screw assembled unit.
Meanwhile this programme also provides a kind of experimental method according to above-mentioned simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device, the experiment side
Method the following steps are included:
S1, the foundation theory of similarity, are made into corresponding model for target to be studied, and be put into environmental wind tunnel simulation test
Duan Zhong；
S2, in test section, generate according to the wind distributional environment under target physical condition state；
The flowing and diffusion characteristic of S3, monitoring model in above-mentioned steps S2 wind distributional environment.
Furthermore this programme also provides a kind of detection according to wind-tunnel performance indicator in above-mentioned simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device
Method, the detection method include to flow speed stability detection, the detection of wind-tunnel interior air-flow uniformity and wind-tunnel interior air-flow in wind-tunnel
Turbulence level detection,
Wherein, flow speed stability detection method are as follows: hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected test section kernel of section, control electricity
Machine revolving speed makes flow speed stability after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability every progress data acquisition in 5 seconds, and the testing time is one point
Clock is surveyed three times under every kind of flow velocity, the stability coefficient measured three times under every kind of flow velocity is calculated arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, to be surveyed wind
Stability coefficient under the flow velocity of hole；Data processing formula is as follows:
For stability coefficient；For the instantaneous velocity value in certain test, unit m/s；For in certain test one minute
Mean flow velocity value, unit m/s；
Airflow homogeneity detection method are as follows: airflow homogeneity school is surveyed uniform on different cross section in mainly acquisition test section
Property coefficient in detection, intercepts n section at the different location of test section, hot-wire anemometer is utilized at selected section
It is mounted on Transfer rack and carries out traverse measurement using Transfer rack, obtain the wind speed Vi at the section；Airflow homogeneity data processing
Formula is as follows:
The detection method of turbulence level are as follows:
Hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected a certain measuring point, hot-wire anemometer is adjusted, makes to export turbulent flow when flow velocity zero
Angle value is zero.Motor speed is controlled, test section flow speed stability is made to acquire corresponding turbulent flow after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability
Then angle value moves on to next measuring point, data processing formula is as follows:
Wherein:
εiFor turbulence level；
e0For the voltage value of windless lower output, unit v；
For the average value of output voltage, unit v；
eiFor measuring point voltage value, unit v.
Compared with prior art, the advantageous effects that this programme has are as follows: wind-tunnel is by using by collecting in this programme
The parts such as device, power section, big angle diffuser, stable section, contraction section, test section, diffuser and outlet diffuser form, apoplexy
Design (the selection and control of wind speed i.e. in test section of dynamical system in the design alternative of the sectional dimension of hole entire body, wind tunnel body
System) and hole body between linking layout between each section, can guaranteeing wind-tunnel, it has simulation full size atmospheric boundary layer
Simulation requires, while the selection of layout and dynamical system can have dry and wet deposition simulation function between each section in wind-tunnel
Can, analog atmospheric boundary laminar flow and diffusion；Test section sectional dimension, analog capability and the measuring technique of wind-tunnel facility reach
The advanced level of the similar facility in the world；On this basis, the above-mentioned environmental wind tunnel in this programme can complete pollution pollutant exist
Diffusion mobility analog study in atmosphere: the wind tunnel simulation of big scale model, complicated landform influence, the simulation of mesoscale leeward slope
Research, the influence research of rainfall, snowfall to the diffusion of pollutant, aerosol deposition and the research of settling flux characteristic, urban area are dirty
Contaminate the research etc. of object diffusion mobility rule；Achievable pollutant is transmitted diffusion in atmospheric boundary layer and is ground with aerosol dry and wet deposition
Study carefully；Analog and measurement atmospheric boundary layer can measure space temperature field, moisture field, concentration field, wind-tunnel space flow field etc.；Energy
Enough complete wind-tunnel automatically clean and configure, the electric handling facilities of test model are to reduce labor intensity；Utilize computer
Distributed Control System realizes the field management of wind tunnel test, data acquisition process；Experimentation is carried out by subsystem of video
Complete monitoring is finally completed transmission diffusion and aerosol dry and wet study on deposition of the gaseous effluent in atmospheric boundary layer.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is simulation tests in environment wind tunnel apparatus structure schematic diagram in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Transfer rack structural scheme of mechanism in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is X in the present invention on Transfer rack to mobile mechanism's structural schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is the Y-direction mobile mechanism structural schematic diagram in the present invention on Transfer rack.
Fig. 5 is the Z-direction mobile mechanism structural schematic diagram in the present invention on Transfer rack.
Fig. 6 is the sectional position distribution map that test section measures thereon in the present invention.
Fig. 7 is that test section carries out section point position distribution schematic diagram when airflow homogeneity test thereon in the present invention.
In figure:
1- collector, 2- power section, the big angle 3- diffuser, 4- stable section, 5- contraction section, 6- test section, 7- diffuser, 8-
Diffuser is exported, 9-X is to mobile mechanism, and 10-Y is to mobile mechanism, and 11-Z is to mobile mechanism.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawings of the specification.
This programme be for existing wind tunnel experiment device its cannot well simultaneously meet regional effect study to mould
Type contracting than and simulated domain range requirement the problem of, and then a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device proposed and its experiment side
Method and detection method, the simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device and its experimental method and detection method being capable of effective simulated atmosphere boundaries
Layer wind-tunnel can complete the diffusion mobility analog study of pollution pollutant in an atmosphere, while be also equipped with dry and wet deposition simulation function
Energy.
Referring to figure 1, this programme provides a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device first, the experimental provision it include
The Transfer rack for having wind-tunnel and being arranged in the wind-tunnel, wind-tunnel include the collector 1 being sequentially connected, power section 2, big angle diffuser
3, stable section 4, contraction section 5, test section 6, diffuser 7 and outlet diffuser 8, wherein entire wind-tunnel is arranged in collector 1
Inlet, for guaranteeing that air-flow smooth can smoothly enter in follow-up driving force section 2, big angle, which is expanded, calculates the setting of section 3 in power section
And 2 between stable section 4, the stabilization transition flowed between stable section 4 for guaranteeing the gas in power section 2, the wind speed in test section 6
Scope control is used in 0.2m/s-20m/s wherein controlling for generating the wind speed range of gentle breeze in 0.5m/s-5m/s when test
The wind speed range for generating apoplexy is controlled in 5m/s-20m/s；The length, width and height size of test section 6 uses analog full size atmosphere side
The hole body overall length for the entire wind-tunnel of 28m*5m*3.5m design size that interlayer requires is 71.1m, and wherein wind-tunnel is direct current air blowing type wind
Hole configuration, wherein since the above-mentioned wind-tunnel in this programme is using direct current blowdown wind tunnel structure, in actual wind-tunnel mould
Influence caused by the reflux of tracer (aerosol etc.) can be prevented during draft experiment.
For the quality that becomes a mandarin for guaranteeing power section 2, collector 1 is set before it, so as to make the smooth nothing of air-flow entered point
It is liftoff to enter power section 2.In order to preferably further such that the air-flow entered can smoothly smooth entrance, receipts in this programme
The cross sectional shape of 1 its input end of storage is the design structure using the circular arc by a quarter；Furthermore sundries is sucked in order to prevent
Fan is broken, one layer of protective net is installed in 2 inlet of power section.
Power section 2 is mainly distributed with fan system in it, fan system include fan blade, radome fairing, spin-ended and
Motor etc., main design parameters be hub diameter ratio, lift coefficient, fan blade number and shape, spin-ended number and shape,
Radome fairing slenderness ratio and radome fairing shape etc..
In order to realize that power section 2 arrives the smooth transition of stable section 4, and make to have relatively properly in power section 2 and stable section 4
Flow velocity, between power section 2 and stable section 4 use big angle diffuser 3 form.
Stable section 4 plays stabilization to air-flow, the good inflow condition of quality is improved for contraction section 5, also to 6 gas of test section
The quality of family status matter has a direct impact.In order to reduce turbulivity and prevent air-flow from separating in inlet, bee is installed in stable section 4
Nest device, and three layers of damping screen are used in stable section 4 to reduce air stream turbulence degree, stable section 4 is by equal straight pipelines, honeycomb and resistance
Buddhist nun nets composition.
Contraction section 5 plays acceleration to air-flow, while can reduce the vertical and horizontal turbulivity of air-flow.Contraction section 5 goes out
The flowing of mouth has many influences to 6 flow field of test section, generally requires 5 exit flow uniformity of contraction section, stability to get well, attached face
Layer is as thin as possible and does not separate.5 performance of contraction section is mainly determined by parameters such as shrinkage ratio, shrinkage curves.
Collector 1, power section 2, big angle diffuser 3, stable section 4, contraction section 5 are passed through in 6 front end of test section, form high-quality
Air-flow, by three layers rectification after, air-flow reach it is uniform, stablize.Wind tunnel experiment be carry out in test section 6, so, examination
The shape for testing section 6 is standard cuboidal configuration, guarantees flow quality, and in realistic model experiment, the empty wind-tunnel maximum of test section 6 is set
Meter wind speed is 20m/s.
Diffuser 7 plays decelerating effect to air-flow, and dynamic pressure can be converted to static energy, reduces energy loss and is power section 2
Offer speed, which suitably flows, uniformly to become a mandarin.In general, energy loss caused by diffuser 7 is bigger, and performance is main
It is determined by area ratio, angle of flare and diffusion profile.Energy loss is mainly made of friction loss and local pressure loss two parts,
Studies have shown that area ratio in two or so, angle of flare less than 6 ° to reducing total loss advantageously.
Outlet diffuser 8 plays further decelerating effect to air-flow and air-flow is oriented to atmosphere.Direct current wind-tunnel is exported and is damaged
Losing is also more important a part loss, and discharge area, which suitably increases, is advantageous reduction discharge loss.
In conjunction with shown in attached drawing 2 to 5, the Transfer rack in this programme mainly includes three-dimensional moving mechanism and its control system.
Transfer rack is the ancillary equipment of wind tunnel experiment indispensability, and Transfer rack is installed in test chamber 6.
Its main function of Transfer rack are as follows:
Mountable measuring instrument or test model on Transfer rack make it complete three-degree-of-freedom motion in test section 6, i.e., along wind
The movement of hole axial (X to), 6 cross section vertical direction (Z-direction) of test section, 6 cross-sectional horizontal direction (Y-direction) of test section.
Above-mentioned Transfer rack positioning accuracy X in the present embodiment to ± 3mm, Y-direction ± 3mm, Z-direction ± 1mm, move survey range X to
27m, Y-direction 4.5m, Z-direction 3.0m.In test chamber 6, X successively goes here and there Transfer rack integral arrangement to, the movement mechanism of Y-direction, Z-direction
Connection.Specifically, the Transfer rack in this programme includes edge in order to enable entire Transfer rack has the locomotivity of three-dimensional
Y-direction mobile mechanism 10 that the X of wind-tunnel axial movement is moved to mobile mechanism 9, along wind-tunnel horizontal direction and along wind-tunnel side vertically
To mobile Z-direction mobile mechanism 11, wherein X constitutes the X moved axially along wind-tunnel to mobile mechanism 9 and wind-tunnel inner wall and connects to sliding
It connects, Y-direction mobile mechanism 10 is slidably mounted on X in mobile mechanism 9 and constitutes being slidably connected in the horizontal direction with it, and Z-direction is moved
Motivation structure 11 is slidably mounted in Y-direction mobile mechanism 10 and constitutes being slidably connected for vertical direction with it.
Wherein, X is the base component of entire mechanism to mobile mechanism 9, and rigidity, robust motion and frequency are to entire machine
Structure all has a major impact.X is to mobile mechanism 9 by guide rail mounting base, rack gear mounting base, rack gear, gear, gear shaft, decelerating through motor
The composition such as device system, X-Y motion platform, straight-line guide rail slide block.The structure type of guide rail mounting base and rack gear mounting base basic one
It causes, is separately fixed at wind tunnel side wall top, is spliced using fashioned iron.Since X is longer to length, X uses tooth to mobile mechanism 9
Rack gear mechanism form is taken turns, its advantage is that power and velocity interval are big, versatile, reliable operation is high-efficient, easily fabricated and smart
Really processing.Rack gear is mounted on the lateral edge of rack gear mounting base.Linear guide is mounted in guide rail mounting base, and sliding block can be along guide rail in X
To sliding, two sliding blocks are shared, are slided along same guide rail.On sliding block install X-Y motion platform, X-Y motion platform it is another
Two idler wheels are installed in side, and idler wheel is rolled in the upper surface of rack gear mounting base.Motor reducer system is mounted on X-Y motion platform
On, gear is delivered torque to by gear shaft, wheel and rack engagement drives X-Y motion platform in X to movement.
Y-direction mobile mechanism 10 is all mounted on X-Y motion platform, including straight-line guide rail slide block, Y-direction support frame, rack gear,
The parts such as gear, motor reducer system.Linear guide is mounted on X-Y motion platform, and it is wide that length almost penetrates through entire wind-tunnel
Degree, two sliding blocks are slided along guide rail in Y-direction.Y-direction support frame is installed on sliding block, is moved together with sliding block.Y-direction support frame it is another
Two idler wheels are installed in side, and idler wheel rolls on X-Y motion platform.Motor reducer system is installed on Y-direction support frame, passes through gear
Axis delivers torque to gear, and gear is engaged with the rack gear for being mounted on Y-direction support frame lateral edge, and Y-direction support frame is driven to transport in Y-direction
It is dynamic.
Z-direction mobile mechanism 11 is mounted on Y-direction support frame, including guide rail lead screw assembled unit, elevator, guide rail lead screw are hung
The parts such as frame, elevator bracket, motor.In view of avoiding interferenceing with the model of 6 bottom of test section, and it is able to satisfy test section 6
The measurement demand and Z-direction of bottom, which completely move, surveys range, therefore Z-direction mechanism is divided into guide rail lead screw assembled unit and elevator two
Sections in series forms.Guide rail lead screw assembled unit provides the function of linear guide and lead screw simultaneously, and can be straight with motor
It connects and is connected without retarder, have the characteristics that small in volume, high-precision, high rigidity.Guide rail lead screw assembled unit is logical
Cross the lower section that guide rail lead screw hanger is mounted on Y-direction support frame.Guide rail lead screw assembled unit includes a sliding block, can be in the drive of motor
It is moved under dynamic along Z-direction.Elevator bracket is mounted on sliding block, and elevator is mounted on elevator bracket.Elevator is lead screw spiral shell
The assembly of parent agency and worm reducer can make nut do Z-direction movement on lead screw under motor driven.
Installation may be selected in the joint of 11 elevator of Z-direction mobile mechanism and horizontally or vertically survey pressure rake and spot measurement
Probe etc. meets the requirement of a variety of measurement tasks by replacing different measuring instruments.
In addition, this programme also provides a kind of experimental method according to above-mentioned simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device, the experiment side
Method the following steps are included:
S1, the foundation theory of similarity, are made into corresponding model for target to be studied, and be put into environmental wind tunnel simulation test
Duan Zhong；
I.e. for a certain research factory site, according to the theory of similarity, according to geometry contracting than by several kilometers~tens kilometers models in scene
It encloses and is made into model, be put into test section；
S2, in test section, generate according to the wind distributional environment under target physical condition state；
The flowing and diffusion characteristic of S3, monitoring model in above-mentioned steps S2 wind distributional environment pass through with various flow fields
Measuring instrument, tracer experiment mode, Flow Visualization Technologies study flowing and the diffusion characteristic of pollutant.
When practical operation, it the steps include:
Wind-tunnel before use, according between wind tunnel inside and outside, frequency converter, the sequence of sensor, master control room to equipment carry out by
One checks；
When into wind-tunnel, operator must dress shoe cover, check that whether there is or not dust impurities in the body of hole, use the sweepers such as dust catcher
Tool in test section to can be fully cleaned；
After tested model is placed in test chamber by test requirements document, test preparation is carried out；Confirm in wind-tunnel
No other sundries or tool are left with after personnel, can be ready for testing by test section door locking；
In hole it is ready after, to checking dynamical system, including 690V switchgear, PLC control cabinet, frequency-charger cabinet between frequency conversion
Etc. equipment；Ensure that the terminals of PLC rack 380V breaker without short circuit or line port, can power on PLC control cabinet；
Device power sequence between frequency conversion must be according to: PLC control cabinet → frequency-charger cabinet → high-voltage board sequence carries out, and makes
Control system 380VAC including PLC rack, frequency-charger cabinet is first powered on, and after frequency-charger cabinet is by self-test, wears insulating glove
It closes a floodgate to high-voltage board；
After low high pressure successfully powers between frequency conversion, observes that ready indicator lights in PLC rack Men Shanghui, represent power
System equipment enters the normal condition that can be run；
After dynamical system is ready, the equipment such as sensor are detected, determines in wind-tunnel and is detained without personnel, all are just
Follow-up work can be carried out after often；
Equipment in station is checked in master control room, it is ensured that the terminal plate free from admixture of measurement acquisition system in station
Clast bare wire etc. avoids short-circuit generation；
Wind-tunnel primary control program is opened, cooling fan is opened, is ready for testing；
Given frequency converter frequency instruction, starts frequency converter, then wind-tunnel has started Che Yunhang.Pay close attention to the dynamic of operation interface
State of Force system, including voltage, electric current, power, motor temperature etc. observe the current wind speed of test section, finely tune frequency to wind
Speed is corrected；
During wind-tunnel plays vehicle operation, control system detects whether relevant parameter reaches alarm or malfunction automatically, if any
Control system meeting automatic forced parking occurs for failure, provides alarm failure dotted state, when motor temperature is more than 80 DEG C, motor can go out
Temperature will be reasonable value to cooling, can be again started up by existing temperature alarm.Under any circumstance, operator can pass through behaviour
The scram button cutting active force power supply for making platform, keeps equipment out of service；
Wind tunnel experiment includes that flow field sampling is simulated with measurement, concentration quarry sampling and measurement, aerosol dry and wet deposition.Wet deposition
Simulation system can realize the functions such as rainfall simulation；
This wind-tunnel realizes the adjusting of background wind speed using blower etc., realizes specified atmospheric boundary using wedge and roughness element
The adjusting of layer test requirements document velocity profile；
After test, start-stop button is used in software interface, parking terminates test.After the test, radiation air is closed
Machine, then dynamical system is wholly off；
Main control software is exited, is shut down computer, lower electricity is carried out to console, disconnects power to insulating glove is worn between frequency conversion
Electricity disconnects frequency converter, disconnects PLC control cabinet, then electric under TT&C system.
In addition, this programme also provides a kind of detection method of wind-tunnel performance indicator in simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device, it should
Detection method includes to flow speed stability detection, the detection of wind-tunnel interior air-flow uniformity and the inspection of wind-tunnel interior air-flow turbulence level in wind-tunnel
It surveys,
Wherein, flow speed stability detection method are as follows: hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected test section kernel of section, control electricity
Machine revolving speed makes flow speed stability after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability every progress data acquisition in 5 seconds, and the testing time is one point
Clock is surveyed three times under every kind of flow velocity, the stability coefficient measured three times under every kind of flow velocity is calculated arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, to be surveyed wind
Stability coefficient under the flow velocity of hole；Data processing formula is as follows:
For stability coefficient；For the instantaneous velocity value in certain test, unit m/s；For in certain test one minute
Mean flow velocity value, unit m/s.
Referring to shown in table one,
Table one
Table one is respectively continuous acquisition hot-wire anemometer wind speed 12 times in 1 minute at 0.5,1 and 2m/s of wind speed；Repeat three
Secondary test provides different cross section flow speed stability from subordinate list 1 as a result, the flow velocity of 0.5,1 and 2m/s of wind speed as can be seen from the results
Stability coefficient < 1, meets technical requirement.
The uniformity coefficient mainly obtained in test section on different cross section is surveyed in airflow homogeneity school.
During school is surveyed, the section 0 away from test section entrance 11.7m is measured, the section 1 away from test section entrance 18.6m is (in turntable
The heart) and section 2 away from test section entrance 23.1m, totally three sections.Hot-wire anemometer is mounted on Transfer rack and utilizes Transfer rack
Traverse measurement is carried out, 3 X are measured at 0.5,1,2,5 and 10m/s of wind speed to position, each sectional position and each section measuring point cloth
It sets and sees attached drawing 6 and attached drawing 7:
Airflow homogeneity data processing formula is as follows:
Test result shows that wind speed 1m/s, flow velocity uniformity coefficient μ < 1% meet technical requirements.0.5m/s wind speed stream
Fast uniformity coefficient substantially meets technical requirements.
Turbulence level
Hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected a certain measuring point, hot-wire anemometer is adjusted, makes to export turbulent flow when flow velocity zero
Angle value is zero.Motor speed is controlled, test section flow speed stability is made to acquire corresponding turbulent flow after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability
Then angle value moves on to next measuring point:
School measures under conditions of wind speed 0.5 and 1m/s in surveying.Measure the same airflow homogeneity in section.
Data processing formula is as follows:
Wherein:
εiFor turbulence level；
e0For the voltage value of windless lower output, unit v；
For the average value of output voltage, unit v；
eiFor measuring point voltage value, unit v；
Test result shows that wind speed 1m/s, turbulence level < 0.5% meet technical requirements.
Air-flow drift angle
Two-dimentional hot-wire anemometer probe is mounted on wind-tunnel central point, level when measurement under 0.5 and 1 two wind speed of acquisition
Air-flow drift angle.
Each section horizontal gas flow drift angle is all satisfied technical requirements under the conditions of test result shows 0.5 and 1m/s.
It is ground in conclusion the environmental wind tunnel in this programme can complete the diffusion mobility simulation of pollution pollutant in an atmosphere
Study carefully: the wind tunnel simulation of big scale model, complicated landform influence, the analog study of mesoscale leeward slope, rainfall, snowfall are to pollutant
Diffusion influence research, aerosol deposition and the research of settling flux characteristic, the research of urban area pollutant migration and diffusion rule
Deng；Achievable pollutant transmits diffusion in atmospheric boundary layer with aerosol dry and wet study on deposition；Analog and measurement atmosphere side
Interlayer can measure space temperature field, moisture field, concentration field, wind-tunnel space flow field etc.；It can complete the automatic cleaning of wind-tunnel simultaneously
It configures, the electric handling facilities of test model are to reduce labor intensity；Realize that wind-tunnel tries using computer distributed control system
The field management tested, data acquisition process；Complete monitoring is carried out to experimentation by subsystem of video, is finally completed gaseous flow
Transmission diffusion and aerosol dry and wet study on deposition of the object in atmospheric boundary layer out.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technology
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device, it is characterised in that: include that wind-tunnel and the shifting being arranged in the wind-tunnel are surveyed
Frame, the wind-tunnel include the collector being sequentially connected, power section, big angle diffuser, stable section, contraction section, test section, diffusion
Section and outlet diffuser, wherein the inlet of entire wind-tunnel is arranged in the collector, for guaranteeing that air-flow can be with smooth suitable
Benefit enters in the subsequent power section, and the big angle, which is expanded, calculates section setting between the power section and stable section, for protecting
The stabilization transition that the gas in the power section flows between the stable section is demonstrate,proved, the wind speed range control in the test section exists
0.2m/s-20m/s, wherein being controlled for generating the wind speed range of gentle breeze in 0.5m/s-5m/s, for generating apoplexy when test
Wind speed range is controlled in 5m/s-20m/s；The length, width and height size of the test section is using the requirement of analog full size atmospheric boundary layer
28m*5m*3.5m design size, the hole body overall length of the entire wind-tunnel is 71.1m, wherein the wind-tunnel is direct current air blowing type
Wind-tunnel configuration.
2. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the Transfer rack includes
Along the X of the wind-tunnel axial movement Y-direction mobile mechanism moved to mobile mechanism, along the wind-tunnel horizontal direction and along described
The mobile Z-direction mobile mechanism of wind-tunnel vertical direction, wherein the X is constituted to mobile mechanism and the wind-tunnel inner wall along wind-tunnel axial direction
To being slidably connected, the Y-direction mobile mechanism is slidably mounted on the X in mobile mechanism and constitutes with it along level mobile X
Direction is slidably connected, and the Z-direction mobile mechanism is slidably mounted in the Y-direction mobile mechanism and constitutes vertical direction with it
It is slidably connected.
3. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: its import of the collector
The cross sectional shape at end is the design structure using the circular arc by a quarter.
4. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that: the power section its
Entrance is equipped with one layer of protective net for preventing sundries from entering.
5. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the stable section inner cavity peace
Equipped with honeycomb.
6. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: its inner cavity of the stable section
It is additionally provided with three layers of damping screen.
7. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: its area of the diffuser
Than being two, angle of flare is less than 6 °.
8. a kind of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the Z-direction mobile mechanism
It is connected in series by guide rail lead screw assembled unit and elevator two parts, is provided with wherein the guide rail lead screw assembled unit passes through
Guide rail lead screw hanger is mounted on Y-direction mobile mechanism bottom face, and the guide rail lead screw hanger under the drive of the motor can be into
The sliding of vertical direction is mobile, and the elevator passes through the elevator bracket being provided with admittedly and is fixedly mounted on the guide rail lead screw group
It closes on unit.
9. a kind of method of simulation tests in environment wind tunnel, which comprises the following steps:
S1, the foundation theory of similarity, are made into corresponding model for target to be studied, and be put into environmental wind tunnel simulation test section
In；
S2, in test section, generate according to the wind distributional environment under target physical condition state；
The flowing and diffusion characteristic of S3, monitoring model in above-mentioned steps S2 wind distributional environment.
10. a kind of for detecting the detection of wind-tunnel performance indicator in simulation tests in environment wind tunnel device as described in the appended claim 1
Method, it is characterised in that: including to flow speed stability detection, the detection of wind-tunnel interior air-flow uniformity and wind-tunnel interior air-flow in wind-tunnel
Turbulence level detection,
Wherein, flow speed stability detection method are as follows: hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected test section kernel of section, control motor turns
Speed makes flow speed stability after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability every progress data acquisition in 5 seconds, and the testing time is one minute, often
It is surveyed three times under kind flow velocity, the stability coefficient measured three times under every kind of flow velocity is calculated into arithmetic mean of instantaneous value, it should to be surveyed wind-tunnel
Stability coefficient under flow velocity；Data processing formula is as follows:
For stability coefficient；For the instantaneous velocity value in certain test, unit m/s；It is flat in certain test one minute
Equal flow speed value, unit m/s；
Airflow homogeneity detection method are as follows: the uniformity system mainly obtained in test section on different cross section is surveyed in airflow homogeneity school
Number μ in detection, intercept n section at the different location of test section, and hot-wire anemometer installation is utilized at selected section
Traverse measurement is carried out using Transfer rack on Transfer rack, obtains the wind speed V at the sectioni；Airflow homogeneity data processing formula
It is as follows:
The detection method of turbulence level are as follows:
Hot-wire anemometer is mounted on selected a certain measuring point, hot-wire anemometer is adjusted, makes to export turbulent angle value when flow velocity zero
It is zero.Motor speed is controlled, test section flow speed stability is made to acquire corresponding turbulence level after a certain selected flow velocity, flow speed stability
Value, then moves on to next measuring point, data processing formula is as follows:
Wherein:
εiFor turbulence level；
e0For the voltage value of windless lower output, unit v；
For the average value of output voltage, unit v；
eiFor measuring point voltage value, unit v.
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| CN118641141B (en) * | 2024-07-10 | 2025-01-21 | 百林机电科技（苏州）有限公司 | Wind tunnel device for UAV testing |
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