CN110005574B - Wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system - Google Patents

Wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system Download PDF

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CN110005574B
CN110005574B CN201910336018.1A CN201910336018A CN110005574B CN 110005574 B CN110005574 B CN 110005574B CN 201910336018 A CN201910336018 A CN 201910336018A CN 110005574 B CN110005574 B CN 110005574B
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air
fan
energy storage
converter
wind
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CN110005574A (en
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褚晓广
孔英
蔡彬
董同乐
韩子豪
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Qufu Normal University
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Qufu Normal University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  the axis being vertical
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/20—Gearless transmission, i.e. direct-drive
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/02—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor  having a plurality of rotors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/70—Bearing or lubricating arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/17—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing energy in pressurised fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B35/00—Piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids and characterised by the driving means to their working members, or by combination with, or adaptation to, specific driving engines or motors, not otherwise provided for
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/02—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids having reservoirs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B41/00—Pumping installations or systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04B41/06—Combinations of two or more pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C32/00—Bearings not otherwise provided for
    • F16C32/06—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings
    • F16C32/0603—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion
    • F16C32/0614—Bearings not otherwise provided for with moving member supported by a fluid cushion formed, at least to a large extent, otherwise than by movement of the shaft, e.g. hydrostatic air-cushion bearings supported by a gas cushion, e.g. an air cushion the gas being supplied under pressure, e.g. aerostatic bearings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H02J3/32—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy using batteries with converting means
    • H02J3/386—
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2360/00—Engines or pumps
    • F16C2360/31—Wind motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system, which adopts compressed air energy storage to efficiently store wind energy above rated power, adopts four-point air-float to support a fan rotator, eliminates axial friction loss, improves wind energy capturing efficiency, and comprises fan blades, a fan rotator, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, compressed air energy storage, a suspension damping regulation and control device and a converter, wherein the compressed air energy storage adopts reasonable suction of an electromagnetic clutch and reasonable connection of a bidirectional pneumatic valve, and adjusts the compressed air energy storage power; the suspension damping regulating and controlling device reasonably regulates the air pressure in the expansion hole on the pneumatic support, changes the friction torque between the fan rotator and the tower, ensures constant power control of the generator, and has five working modes of air floatation starting, air floatation wind energy capturing, air floatation compression energy storage, damping power control and shutdown protection due to the change of the air speed and the air pressure in the high-pressure air storage tank.

Description

Wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind power generation system, in particular to a wind power compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system, and belongs to the field of wind power.
Background
With the trend of serious energy crisis and environmental pollution, the wind power generation which is strictly pollution-free is paid attention to in the world, the wind power generation is definitely promoted from the supplementary energy source to the alternative energy source strategic position, but a low wind speed area (average wind speed is lower than 5-6 m/s) accounts for more than 70% of the total area of the whole country, and the research of a large-power low wind speed wind power generator model is increased, so that the wind power generation system is an effective way for promoting the development of low wind speed wind power. The vertical axis wind turbine does not need a yaw device necessary for a horizontal axis wind power generation system, has the advantages of low starting wind speed, simplicity and convenience in installation and the like, and is particularly suitable for a weak wind type wind power plant because the starting resistance moment of the wind turbine is greatly reduced after the magnetic suspension bearing is introduced into the vertical axis wind power generation. However, the current general power is relatively small, the MW-level vertical axis wind turbine is developed by the inner Mongolian Soelder wind power company and Guangzhou Yazha new energy Limited company, a magnetic suspension bearing and a multi-layer blade wind collecting mechanism are adopted, the starting wind speed is reduced to 3-3.5m/s, the problems of lag of wind energy capture control, large mechanical impact, fluctuation of output power and the like exist, meanwhile, the fan has larger overturning moment due to the height difference of the multi-layer wind collecting system, the radial suspension displacement change of the fan rotator shaft is extremely easy to cause, the friction loss is large, and the power generation cost is high. The active electromagnetic suspension is adopted to realize complete suspension of the blade wind collecting mechanism of the vertical axis wind power generation system, so that the radial friction loss of the shaft of the fan rotator can be effectively reduced, but the electromagnetic suspension power consumption exists in the magnetic suspension device, and particularly, the suspension winding and the permanent magnet required by electromagnetic force generation directly cause the dead weight increase of the blade wind collecting system of the fan to generate larger suspension power consumption; meanwhile, the problem of randomness and fluctuation of wind speed is extremely easy to cause power fluctuation, and the safety and reliability of a power system are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the invention is that: aiming at the defects or shortcomings in the prior art, compressed air energy storage is introduced into a vertical axis wind power generation system, the influence of wind energy fluctuation on output power is stabilized, four-point complete pneumatic suspension of a fan rotator is adopted, the axial friction loss is greatly eliminated, and the high-power wind power compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air floatation power generation system is low in electricity-measuring cost, simple to control, high in wind energy utilization rate and high in power.
In order to achieve the above object, the wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system of the present invention comprises: the device comprises fan blades, a fan rotating body, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a compressed air energy storage and suspension damping regulation and control device, a tower, a mechanical coupling device and a converter part. The system has five working modes of air floatation starting, air floatation wind energy capturing, air floatation compression energy storage, damping power control, shutdown protection and the like, the main control CPU is DSP28335, and based on actual measurement data of an air speed sensor, a current voltage sensor, an air pressure sensor, a pressure sensor, an encoder and the like, PWM output, valve opening voltage and electromagnetic clutch actuation are reasonably controlled, and the five working modes are optimally selected.
The fan blades are of four groups of two-layer structures, namely axial blades and radial blades, the axial blades are arranged at the top end of the fan rotating body, and the radial blades are distributed on the outer side of the fan rotating body according to an equally dividing principle; the fan rotator is of a streamline shell structure, the top end of the fan rotator is a circular horizontal rotating surface supported by the tower, three groups of fan blades are arranged on the outer side of the fan rotator, 16 pairs of permanent magnets which are arranged in N/S (N/S) are arranged on the inner side of the fan rotator, and a permanent magnet synchronous generator rotor is formed; the permanent magnet synchronous generator is a radial generator and comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein a stator three-phase winding is fixed on a tower, the rotor is uniformly embedded on a fan rotating body, three-phase current is induced in the stator winding along with the rotation of the fan rotating body, and the three-phase current is fed and connected through a converter part; the tower is a rotary support of the fan rotary body, the outer side of the upper end of the tower is a ring-shaped ball bearing, the inner side of the tower is a tray support for supporting the mechanical coupling device, the torque captured by the fan rotary body is transmitted to the compressed air energy storage part, and the compressed air energy storage, suspension damping regulation and control device and the converter part are arranged in the tower; the mechanical coupling device is a planetary gear speed-increasing mechanism and comprises a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, wherein the gear ring is rigidly connected with the fan rotator, the planet carrier is fixed on a tray support, and the sun gear is used for driving the compressor through speed change of the fan rotator.
The compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors, three electromagnetic clutches, seven pneumatic valves, a high-pressure air storage tank and an air circuit, wherein the three compressors are axially and sequentially arranged in a tower, the three compressors are in cascade connection with each other through the electromagnetic clutches, the upper-end compressors are in torque coupling with a mechanical coupling device through the electromagnetic clutches, the total number of the pneumatic valves is 7, the air suction/exhaust ports of the three compressors are reasonably connected and flexibly adjusted, the multistage compression mode of the compressors is changed, the compressed energy storage efficiency is improved, the high-pressure air caused by compression is stored in the high-pressure air storage tank, the high-pressure air is provided for a suspension damping regulation device, and the pressure sensor and the air release valve are arranged at the upper end of the high-pressure air storage tank; the suspension damping regulation and control device comprises two axially placed disc-type pneumatic supports and four three-way pneumatic valves, wherein the disc-type pneumatic supports are fixed on a tower, a disc-type base of the fan rotator is arranged between the two disc-type pneumatic supports, the two disc-type pneumatic supports are correspondingly provided with four pairs of concave expansion holes, the upper expansion hole and the lower expansion hole share one three-way pneumatic valve, and the input end of the three-way pneumatic valve is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank through an air circuit; the air pressure of the expansion hole is controlled by the opening degree of a valve of the three-way pneumatic valve, the pressure of the exhaust gas of the expansion hole at the upper side is increased, the friction torque of the fan rotator is increased, the pressure of the exhaust gas of the expansion hole at the lower side is increased, and the pressure is weakened until the friction torque of the fan rotator is eliminated; the converter part comprises a machine side converter, a grid side converter, a storage battery, a charging converter and a control loop converter, wherein the machine side converter is a controllable three-phase rectifier, and is used for adjusting the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to enable the fan rotator to operate at the rotating speed corresponding to the maximum power point; the storage battery is a power supply battery of the control loop, the charging converter and the control loop converter are both BUCK converters, the charging converter reduces the rectification output voltage of the machine side converter to charge the storage battery, and the control loop converter is a chopper converter for supplying power to the pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic clutch.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The compressed air energy storage is introduced into the vertical axis wind power generation system, the influence of wind energy fluctuation on output power is stabilized, the output power stability of the fan is greatly improved, the pneumatic suspension of the fan rotator is innovatively introduced, the suspension power consumption and the friction power consumption of the fan rotator are greatly reduced, and the ultra-low-speed starting and the high-efficiency wind energy capturing of the fan are realized.
2) The cooperative regulation and control mechanism of the compressed air energy storage multi-pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic clutch can realize flexible regulation of the power consumed by the compressed air energy storage, and can realize the cooperative regulation and control strategy of the thickness of the rated rotating speed of the fan by combining the regulation and control of the side converter of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, thereby greatly improving the wind energy capturing power.
3) The four-point pneumatic suspension mechanism of the fan rotator is adopted, the stable suspension of the fan rotator is flexibly controlled, the effective stabilization of the overturning moment caused by the fluctuation of the wind speed is realized, the multi-degree-of-freedom suspension stability of the fan rotator is ensured, the low-wind-speed starting and even the breeze starting are realized, the wind energy utilization rate is greatly improved, and the method is particularly suitable for a weak wind type wind power plant.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wind-powered compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-floating power generation system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a converter part of the wind-driven compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a compressed air energy storage and suspension damping control device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a control input and output diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a wind-powered compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-floating power generation system control mechanism.
In the figure: 1.1-axial paddles, 1.2-radial paddles, a 2-mechanical coupling device, 2.1-gear rings, a 2.2-planet carrier, a 2.3-sun gear, a 3-fan rotating body, a 4.1-permanent magnet synchronous generator stator, a 4.2-permanent magnet synchronous generator rotor, a 5-ball bearing, a 6-compressor, a 7-high-pressure air storage tank, an 8-tower, a 9-suspension damping regulation device, a 10-tray support, an 11-machine side converter, a 12-charging converter, a 13-network side converter and a 14-storage battery; 15-control loop converter, 16-19-three-way pneumatic valve, 20-upper expansion hole, 21-lower expansion hole, 22-24-electromagnetic clutch, 25-31-two-way pneumatic valve, 32-air release valve, 33-pressure sensor, 34-pneumatic upper support and 35-pneumatic lower support.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1,2 and 3, the wind-driven compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system of the present invention comprises: the wind turbine comprises a wind turbine blade 1, a wind turbine rotating body 3, a permanent magnet synchronous generator 4, compressed air energy storage (6, 7, 22-24, 25-31), a suspension damping regulation and control device 9, a tower 8, a mechanical coupling device 2 and converter parts 11-15; the fan blades are of four groups of two-layer structures and comprise 1 axial blade 1.1 and 3 radial blades 1.2, the axial blades 1.1 are arranged at the top end of the fan rotating body 3, and the radial blades 1.2 are distributed on the outer side of the fan rotating body according to an equally dividing principle; the fan rotator 3 is of a streamline shell structure, the top end of the fan rotator is a circular horizontal rotating surface supported by the tower 8, three groups of fan blades are arranged on the outer side of the fan rotator, and a permanent magnet synchronous generator rotor 4.2 is arranged on the inner side of the fan rotator; the permanent magnet synchronous generator 4 is a radial generator and comprises a rotor 4.2 and a stator 4.1, wherein the stator is a three-phase winding and is fixed on a tower; the tower is a rotary support of a fan rotary body, the outer side of the upper end of the tower is a ring-shaped ball bearing 5, the inner side of the upper end of the tower is provided with a tray support 10, a mechanical coupling device 2 is arranged in the tray support, fan torque captured by the fan rotary body 3 is transmitted to a compressed air energy storage part, and a compressed air energy storage and suspension damping regulating and controlling device 9 and a converter part are arranged in the tower; the mechanical coupling device 2 is a planetary gear speed-increasing mechanism and comprises a gear ring 2.1, a planet carrier 2.2 and a sun gear 2.3 which are rigidly connected with the fan rotator, and the like, wherein the planet carrier 2.2 and the sun gear 2.3 are fixed on a tray support, and the fan rotator is driven to drive the compressor 6 in a variable speed manner.
The compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors 6, three electromagnetic clutches 22-24, seven bidirectional pneumatic valves 25-31, a high-pressure air storage tank 7 and an air path, wherein the three compressors are axially and sequentially arranged inside a tower 8 and are connected with each other in a cascading way through the electromagnetic clutches 22-24, the total number of the bidirectional pneumatic valves 25-31 is 7, the air suction/exhaust ports of the three compressors 6 are reasonably connected, and the multistage compression mode of the compressors is changed; the high-pressure gas storage tank 7 stores high-pressure gas, and a pressure sensor 33 and a gas release valve 32 are arranged at the upper end of the high-pressure gas storage tank; the suspension damping regulation and control device 9 comprises two disc-type pneumatic supports 34-35 and four three-way pneumatic valves 16-19, wherein the disc-type pneumatic supports 34-35 are fixed on a tower 8, a disc-type base of a fan rotator 3 is arranged between the disc-type upper and lower pneumatic supports, four pairs of concave expansion holes are correspondingly arranged on the two disc-type pneumatic supports, and the upper and lower expansion holes 20-21 share one three-way pneumatic valve 16-19; the air pressure of the expansion holes is controlled by a three-way pneumatic valve, the air pressure discharged by the upper expansion holes 20 is increased, the friction torque of the fan rotator is increased, the air pressure discharged by the lower expansion holes 21 is increased, and the friction of the fan rotator 3 is weakened/eliminated.
The converter part comprises a machine side converter 11, a grid side converter 13, a storage battery 14, a charging converter 12 and a control loop converter 15, wherein the machine side converter 11 is a controllable three-phase rectifier, the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is regulated, the grid side converter 13 is a three-phase inverter bridge, and the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is fed to the grid; the storage battery 14 is a control loop power supply; the charging converter 12 and the control loop converter 15 are both BUCK converters, the charging converter charges a storage battery, and the control loop converter supplies power for a pneumatic valve and an electromagnetic clutch. Because wind speed, air pressure of the air tank and the like are randomly changed, the wind power compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air flotation power generation system has five working modes of air flotation starting, air flotation wind energy capturing, air flotation compression energy storage, damping power control and shutdown protection, the main control CPU adopts DSP28335, and the four working modes are reasonably selected and optimally controlled according to measurement data of a wind speed sensor, a current voltage sensor, an air pressure sensor, a pressure sensor, an encoder and the like, and the control mechanism is shown in figure 5.
Air floatation starting: when wind speedV w Reaching the starting wind speedV in After that, the three-way pneumatic valve starts to be electrified, and the DSP28335 measures the electricity according to the pressure sensorThe opening degree of the four three-way pneumatic valves is regulated, high-pressure gas in the high-pressure gas storage tank is sent to expansion holes on the pneumatic support through a gas circuit, the gas pressure of the four lower expansion holes on the pneumatic lower support is increased until the pressure measured by the pressure sensors at four points of the fan rotator is zero, at the moment, the fan rotator is completely supported by the gas buoyancy of the four expansion holes, the fan rotator starts to rotate without friction, energy is captured, and the machine side converter and the net side converter start to work.
Capturing air-float wind energy: when wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV in <V w ≤V N The opening degree of the four three-way pneumatic valves and the pressure in the lower expansion holes are continuously maintained, the fan rotator is ensured to be supported by the gas buoyancy of the four expansion holes, the fan rotator does not rotate in a friction manner to capture energy, and the machine side converter is used for measuring the rotating speed and the rotating angle according to the encoder，And regulating and controlling the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to ensure that the permanent magnet synchronous generator stably works at the rotating speed corresponding to the maximum power point of the current wind speed, converting the captured wind energy into alternating current power by the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and feeding the alternating current power to the internet through a machine side converter and a grid side converter or charging a storage battery through a charging converter.
Air floatation compression energy storage: when wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV N <V w <V ot Continuously maintaining the opening degree of the four three-way pneumatic valves and the pressure in the lower expansion holes, ensuring that the fan rotator is completely supported by the gas buoyancy of the four expansion holes, capturing energy by friction-free rotation of the fan rotator, simultaneously cutting into the compressed air of the compressor to store energy, and according to the measured gas pressure of the high-pressure gas storage tankp s GiveiStage compression corresponds to maximum torqueT icmax ，(i=1, 2, 3), and then according to the vertical axis fan power curveP W And rated rotational speedω N Give the fan capturing torque asT W If (if)p s <p c1max Then byn s = (T W, -T N ) /T c1max Wherein:T N for rated torque of the generator, the I-stage compression cut-in quantity of the compressor is calculated according to the rule of rounding downwardsn s The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the If it isp c1max ≤p s <p c2max Then put into a II-stage serial compression mechanism, set upn s =1; if it isp c2max ≤p s <p c3max Then put into III-level compression mechanism to setn s =1, whereinp cimax Is thatiStage compression corresponds to a maximum discharge pressure; further calculate deltaT=T W -n s T icmax If deltaT＜T N Then according ton s Andithe electromagnetic clutch is engaged and cut into the compressor; if deltaT＞T N Then increase the first-order compression, i.ei=i+1, a step of; then at rated rotation speedω N For reference, combined with measured rotational speedω，The machine side converter regulates and controls the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the electromagnetic torque exceeds the compressed air energy storage power part and is connected with the power grid through grid side variable current feed.
Damping power control: wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV N <V w <V ot Class III compression of scroll machineT＞T N Or alternativelyp s ＞p c3max When in use, 4 three-way pneumatic valves in the suspension damping regulation device are regulated and controlled, the control voltage of the three-way pneumatic valves is changed, and the air pressure in the upper expansion hole and the lower expansion hole and the friction torque between the fan rotator and the tower are dynamically changed according to the output power and rated power of the permanent magnet synchronous generatorT f And (3) feeding the grid-side converter to the grid or charging the storage battery through the charging converter until the rated power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is output.
And (3) stopping and protecting: if wind speedV w Greater thanV out Or the opening degree of the three-way electromagnetic valve reaches the maximum opening degree, and the output power of the permanent magnet synchronous generator is still larger than that of the permanent magnet synchronous generatorP N At this time, feathering is stopped.

Claims (1)

1. A wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system is characterized by comprising fan blades, a fan rotator, a permanent magnet synchronous generator, a compressed air energy storage device, a suspension damping regulation and control device, a tower, a mechanical coupling device and a converter part; the fan blades are in four-group two-layer structural arrangement and comprise axial blades and radial blades, the axial blades are arranged at the top end of the fan rotating body, and the radial blades are distributed on the outer side of the fan rotating body according to an equally dividing principle; the fan rotator is of a streamline shell structure, the top end of the fan rotator is a circular horizontal rotating surface supported by the tower, three groups of radial paddles are arranged on the outer side of the fan rotator, 16 pairs of permanent magnets which are arranged in N/S (N/S) are arranged on the inner side of the fan rotator, and a permanent magnet synchronous generator rotor is formed; the permanent magnet synchronous generator is a radial generator and comprises a rotor and a stator, wherein a stator three-phase winding is fixed on a tower, the rotor is embedded on a fan rotator and rotates with the fan rotator to generate three-phase current in the stator winding, and the three-phase current is rectified by a converter part and fed in a grid-connected mode in an inversion mode; the tower is a rotary support of the fan rotary body, a circular ring ball bearing is arranged on the outer side of the upper end of the tower, a tray support is arranged on the inner side of the tower, a mechanical coupling device is arranged in the tower, torque captured by the fan rotary body is transmitted to a compressed air energy storage device, and a compressed air energy storage device, a suspension damping regulation and control device and a converter part are arranged in the tower; the mechanical coupling device drives the fan rotator to accelerate to drive the compressor, and the mechanical coupling device comprises a gear ring, a planet carrier and a sun gear, wherein the gear ring is rigidly connected with the fan rotator, the planet carrier is fixed on a tray for supporting; the compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors, three electromagnetic clutches, seven bidirectional pneumatic valves and a high-pressure air storage tank, wherein the compressors are axially arranged in a tower, are cascaded through the electromagnetic clutches, the upper-end compressors are coupled with a sun gear of the mechanical coupling device through the electromagnetic clutches, the 7 bidirectional pneumatic valves reasonably connect the air suction/exhaust ports of the compressors, the multistage compression mode is changed, the high-pressure air storage tank stores high-pressure air caused by compression, the upper end of the high-pressure air storage tank is provided with a pressure sensor and an air release valve, and the high-pressure air is provided for the suspension damping regulation device; the suspension damping regulation and control device comprises two axially placed disc type pneumatic supports and four three-way pneumatic valves, wherein the disc type pneumatic supports are fixed on a tower, a fan rotating body base is arranged between the two disc type pneumatic supports, four pairs of concave expansion holes are correspondingly arranged on the upper disc type pneumatic supports and the lower disc type pneumatic supports, the two expansion holes share one three-way pneumatic valve, and the three-way pneumatic valve is input and connected with a high-pressure air storage tank through an air circuit; the air pressure of the expansion hole is controlled by the opening degree of the three-way pneumatic valve, the friction torque is increased by increasing the air pressure of the upper expansion hole, and the exhaust air pressure of the lower expansion hole is increased to weaken or even eliminate the friction torque; the converter part comprises a machine side converter, a grid side converter, a storage battery, a charging converter and a control loop converter, wherein the machine side converter is a three-phase controllable rectifier, and is used for adjusting the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to enable the fan rotator to operate at the rotating speed corresponding to the maximum power point; the storage battery is a control loop power supply, the charging converter and the control loop converter are both BUCK converters, the charging converter reduces the rectified output voltage of the machine side converter to charge the storage battery, and the control loop converter is a chopper converter for supplying power to the bidirectional pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic clutch; the wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system comprises five working modes of air-float starting, air-float wind energy capturing, air-float compressed energy storage, damping power control and shutdown protection, wherein a main control CPU (Central processing Unit) is a DSP28335, and five working modes are reasonably controlled according to actual measurement data of a wind speed sensor, a current and voltage sensor, an air pressure sensor, a pressure sensor and an encoder, PWM (pulse width modulation) output of a converter, opening of a bidirectional pneumatic valve and suction of an electromagnetic clutch.
CN201910336018.1A 2019-04-25 2019-04-25 Wind-force compressed air energy storage type vertical axis air-float power generation system Active CN110005574B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202326032U (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-07-11 山东大学 Mechanical coupling type compressed air energy storage micro hybrid wind power generation system
JP2017075597A (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-04-20 庸之 藤井 Storage container storing type flywheel integral formation vertical shaft wind turbine power generator
CN108087203A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 曲阜师范大学 Magnetic suspension hybrid wind power generation system
CN108999745A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-12-14 曲阜师范大学 The main driven suspension control method of wind-force magnetic suspension cabin
CN109236572A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-01-18 曲阜师范大学 Low wind speed high-power magnetic-suspension vertical axis wind electric unit and its control method
CN109672299A (en) * 2019-01-19 2019-04-23 曲阜师范大学 Wind-force magnetically levitated flywheel auxiliary generating system

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN202326032U (en) * 2011-12-12 2012-07-11 山东大学 Mechanical coupling type compressed air energy storage micro hybrid wind power generation system
JP2017075597A (en) * 2016-09-12 2017-04-20 庸之 藤井 Storage container storing type flywheel integral formation vertical shaft wind turbine power generator
CN108087203A (en) * 2018-01-22 2018-05-29 曲阜师范大学 Magnetic suspension hybrid wind power generation system
CN108999745A (en) * 2018-09-04 2018-12-14 曲阜师范大学 The main driven suspension control method of wind-force magnetic suspension cabin
CN109236572A (en) * 2018-11-13 2019-01-18 曲阜师范大学 Low wind speed high-power magnetic-suspension vertical axis wind electric unit and its control method
CN109672299A (en) * 2019-01-19 2019-04-23 曲阜师范大学 Wind-force magnetically levitated flywheel auxiliary generating system

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