CN109973311B - Offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system - Google Patents

Offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system Download PDF

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CN109973311B
CN109973311B CN201910336221.9A CN201910336221A CN109973311B CN 109973311 B CN109973311 B CN 109973311B CN 201910336221 A CN201910336221 A CN 201910336221A CN 109973311 B CN109973311 B CN 109973311B
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pressure
fan
pump
compression
reverse osmosis
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CN109973311A (en
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褚晓广
蔡彬
孔英
董同乐
韩子豪
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Qufu Normal University
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Qufu Normal University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/20—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors
    • F03D13/25—Arrangements for mounting or supporting wind motors; Masts or towers for wind motors specially adapted for offshore installation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/061—Rotors characterised by their aerodynamic shape, e.g. aerofoil profiles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors 
    • F03D7/06—Controlling wind motors  the wind motors having rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/11—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing electrical energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/10—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy
    • F03D9/17—Combinations of wind motors with apparatus storing energy storing energy in pressurised fluids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124—Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/141—Wind power
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E70/00—Other energy conversion or management systems reducing GHG emissions
    • Y02E70/30—Systems combining energy storage with energy generation of non-fossil origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
    • Y02P80/10—Efficient use of energy, e.g. using compressed air or pressurized fluid as energy carrier

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system, which comprises a vertical axis wind turbine, compressed air energy storage, an air floatation damping device and sea water desalination, wherein the vertical axis wind turbine adopts a plurality of layers of paddles to inhibit overturning moment, and captures wind energy efficiently in an air floatation state of a fan rotator, the air floatation damping device regulates and controls friction damping between the fan rotator and a tower frame under the action of high pressure gas, ensures constant power control on rated wind speed of the fan, and switches a high pressure pump, a compressor and a reverse osmosis membrane assembly according to captured power, fresh water demand, compressed power and high pressure pump power, and realizes efficient utilization of wind energy and improvement of sea water desalination efficiency by combining mixed energy storage of the compressed gas, the high pressure water tank and a storage battery to stabilize wind energy fluctuation under the cooperative control of electromagnetic torque of a permanent magnet generator and the high pressure pump and the compressor. The invention is effectively implemented, and the actual practicability of offshore wind power and sea water desalination is greatly promoted.

Description

Offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system
Technical Field
The invention relates to a wind power sea water desalination system, in particular to an offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system applied to solve the problem of fresh water resource shortage, and belongs to the field of wind power magnetic suspension.
Background
Along with the shortage of water resources and the increasing worsening of energy crisis, sea water desalination systems using new energy as electric energy supply are increasingly receiving attention from countries around the world. The wind power resources have large capacity, are strictly pollution-free, and are particularly suitable for solving the problem that the life quality of residents in islands is seriously influenced by electric energy and fresh water resources of remote islands without power grid access, but the wind resources and the seawater resources are rich, and the development of the seawater desalination based on wind energy is an effective means for solving the problem of water resource shortage and improving the life quality of residents in islands. However, most of traditional wind power generation is a horizontal axis wind power generation system, the energy interaction of the traditional wind power generation system and a sea water desalination device adopts a wind-machine-electricity coupling energy supply structure, the energy conversion links are more, the wind energy utilization and sea water desalination efficiency are generally low, the sea water desalination efficiency is severely restricted by the randomness and fluctuation of wind speed, and particularly for a reverse osmosis membrane sea water desalination method, the method is not suitable for frequent fluctuation of working conditions, and the sea water desalination efficiency and the service life aging of a membrane assembly are seriously influenced by frequent fluctuation of wind energy. At present, most wind turbines in wind power sea water desalination systems adopt horizontal axis wind turbines, the fluctuation of the power generated by the wind turbines is large, the failure rate of a horizontal axis yaw windward device is high, the sea water desalination cost is undoubtedly increased, the regulation and control of sea water desalination membrane assembly desalination pressure adopts a simple shutdown structure, although storage battery energy storage is adopted to stabilize the fluctuation of wind energy, frequent charging and discharging electrodes easily lead to the reduction of service life of the storage battery, the desalination cost is improved, and therefore, the wind power sea water desalination system capable of reducing wind energy conversion links and storing in various energy storage modes must be researched, and the real practicability of the wind power sea water desalination system is truly promoted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides an offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis seawater desalination system which is characterized by comprising a supporting platform, a vertical axis wind turbine, compressed air energy storage, a pump transmission device, a suspension damping device, a compression coupling device, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure water tank, a reverse osmosis membrane component, a fresh water tank, a converter part and the like; the support platform provides support for the vertical axis wind turbine, the high-pressure pump, the high-pressure water tank, the fresh water tank and the reverse osmosis membrane component; the vertical axis wind turbine comprises fan blades, a fan rotating body, a tower and a permanent magnet synchronous generator, wherein the fan blades adopt a three-layer trapezoid structure, and comprise 1 axial blade and 6 radial blades for capturing wind energy in an omnibearing manner; the fan rotating body is of a streamline combined upper cylinder structure and a streamline combined lower cylinder structure, the upper cylinder is of a structure with a small-diameter top end closed and a hollow inside, the top end of the upper cylinder is supported by a tower, the lower cylinder structure is of a large-diameter hollow disc structure, and an external gear pump sun gear is arranged at the bottom end of the lower cylinder structure; the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises a three-phase stator winding and an iron core which are fixed on a tower frame and a rotor which is fixed on a fan rotator, wherein the stator winding is connected with a converter part, and the maximum wind energy capture and power control of the fan are regulated and controlled; the pump transmission device comprises a tray support body, a speed change gear and a pump clutch, wherein the tray support body is provided with 4 groups of speed change gears with embedded bearings according to an equally dividing principle, the speed change gears are meshed with a sun gear of a fan rotator, a speed change gear output center shaft is provided with the pump clutch, an output shaft of the pump clutch is connected with a driving shaft of a high-pressure pump, and the suction of the pump clutch controls the switching number of the high-pressure pump; the outer side of the upper end of the tower is provided with a ring-shaped ball bearing, the inner side of the tower is provided with a disc-type supporting body, a compression coupling device is arranged in the tower to transfer the torque captured by the fan rotator to compressed air energy storage, and a compressed air energy storage, suspension damping device and a converter part are arranged in the tower; the compression coupling device increases the low rotation speed of the fan rotator and drives the compressor, and the compression coupling device comprises a gear ring, a planet carrier and a compression sun gear, wherein the gear ring is rigidly connected with the fan rotator, the planet carrier is fixed on a tray for supporting, and the compression sun gear is fixed on the tray; the storage battery stores stator windings of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to convert high-frequency wind speed fluctuation power, the high-pressure water tank stores high-pressure pump to lift seawater, and a water pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure water tank and is vertically placed to manufacture natural height difference and seawater desalination pressure; the front end of the reverse osmosis membrane is provided with a water inlet valve and a pressure sensor, the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane is provided with a strong brine discharge valve, and the two valves cooperatively regulate and control the desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane; the converter part comprises a capturing converter and a storage battery converter, the capturing converter is a three-phase PWM converter, the storage battery converter is a BUCK converter, the two converters cooperatively control the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, wind energy capturing is implemented, and the storage battery is charged; the compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors, three compression clutches, seven bidirectional pneumatic valves and a high-pressure air tank, wherein the compressors are axially arranged in a tower and are in cascade connection with each other through electromagnetic clutches, the upper-end compressor is coupled with a sun gear of a mechanical coupling device through the electromagnetic clutches, the high-pressure air tank stores high-pressure air caused by compression, and the upper end of the high-pressure air tank is provided with a pressure sensor and an air release valve for providing high-pressure air for a suspension damping device; the suspension damping device comprises two axial pneumatic supports and four three-way pneumatic valves, the pneumatic supports are fixed on the tower, a fan rotator base is arranged between the two pneumatic supports, four pairs of expansion holes are correspondingly arranged on the upper pneumatic support and the lower pneumatic support, the two expansion holes share one three-way pneumatic valve, and the three-way pneumatic valve is input and connected with the high-pressure air storage tank through an air circuit; the air pressure of the expansion hole is controlled by the opening degree of the three-way pneumatic valve, the friction damping is increased by increasing the air pressure of the upper expansion hole, and the exhaust air pressure of the lower expansion hole is increased to weaken or even eliminate the friction damping.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The multi-layer fan blade trapezoid structure and the two-cylinder streamline structure of the fan rotator are adopted, so that the overturning moment of the fan is greatly reduced, the friction damping between the fan rotator and the tower is flexibly controlled by combining four-point pneumatic suspension, the multi-degree-of-freedom air floatation of the fan rotator is realized, the starting wind speed of the fan is greatly reduced, and the multi-layer-type wind power generation system is very suitable for a weak wind type wind power plant.
2) The vertical axis wind turbine is adopted to directly drive the high-pressure water pump, so that energy conversion links are reduced, the cooperative regulation and control of the compressed air energy storage multi-pneumatic valve and the electromagnetic clutch and the electromagnetic torque adjustment of the permanent magnet synchronous generator are realized, the cooperative regulation and control of the thickness of the fan is realized, and the flexibility of wind energy capturing power and power control is greatly improved.
3) The integrated composite energy storage of the storage battery, the compressed air energy storage and the high-pressure water tank is adopted, the influence of wind energy fluctuation on the sea water desalination reliability is effectively stabilized, the high-pressure water tank membrane desalination high-efficiency pressure range is set, and the sea water desalination efficiency and the membrane desalination service life are cooperatively improved through the switching of the compressor and the high-pressure pump and the opening control of the reverse osmosis membrane water inlet valve.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the structure of the compression coupling device of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an air-floating damping device of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the current transformer of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the control mechanism of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system of the invention.
In the figure: 1.1-1.3-fan blades, 2-ball bearings, 2.1-pressure sensors, 3-gear rings, 4-planet carriers, 5-towers, 6-compression sun gears, 7-disc supports, 8-compressors, 9-compression clutches, 10-high-pressure air tanks, 11-permanent magnet synchronous generator rotors, 12-permanent magnet synchronous generator stators, 13-fan rotors, 14-suspension damping regulation and control devices, 15-tray supports, 16-speed changing gears, 17-pump sun gears, 18-pump clutches, 19-high-pressure pumps, 20-support platforms, 21-converter parts, 22-high-pressure water tanks, 23-water inlet valves, 24-reverse osmosis membrane assemblies, 25-strong brine discharge valves, 26-fresh water valves, 27-fresh water tanks, 28-upper expansion holes, 29-lower expansion holes, 30-pneumatically upper supports, 31-pneumatically lower supports, 32-35-three-way pneumatic valves, 36-capture converters, 37-battery converters, 38-batteries, 39-control loop converters.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the invention provides an offshore wind pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system, which comprises a support platform 20, a vertical axis wind turbine (1,5,12,13), compressed air energy storage (8, 9, 10), pump transmission devices (15-18), suspension damping devices (28-35), compression coupling devices (3-7), a high-pressure pump 19, a high-pressure water tank 22, a reverse osmosis membrane assembly 24, a fresh water tank 27, a converter part 21 and the like; the support platform provides support for the vertical axis wind turbine, the high-pressure pump 19, the high-pressure water tank 22, the fresh water tank 27 and the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 24; the vertical axis wind turbine comprises a fan blade 1, a fan rotator 13, a tower 5 and permanent magnet synchronous generators (11 and 12), wherein the fan blade 1 adopts a three-layer trapezoid structure and comprises 1 axial blade 1.1,6 radial blades (1.2-1.3) for capturing wind energy in all directions; the fan rotator 13 is of a streamline combined upper and lower cylinder structure, the upper cylinder is of a structure with a small-diameter top end closed and a hollow inside, the top end is supported by the tower 5, the lower cylinder structure is of a large-diameter hollow disc structure, and the bottom end is provided with an external gear pump sun gear 17; the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises a three-phase stator winding 12 fixed on a tower and a rotor 11 fixed on a fan rotator, wherein the stator winding is connected with a converter part 21, and the maximum wind energy capture and power control of the fan are regulated and controlled; the pump transmission device comprises a tray support body 15, a speed change gear 16 and a pump clutch 18, wherein the tray support body 15 is provided with 4 groups of speed change gears 16 embedded with bearings according to an equal division principle, the speed change gears 16 are meshed with a fan rotator pump sun gear 17, a pump clutch 18 is arranged at the output center shaft of the speed change gears 16, an output shaft of the pump clutch 18 is connected with a driving shaft of a high-pressure pump 19, and the pump clutch 18 is used for sucking and controlling the number of switching of the high-pressure pump 19; the outer side of the upper end of the tower is provided with a ring-shaped ball bearing 2, the inner side of the tower is provided with a disc-shaped supporting body 7, a mechanical coupling device is arranged in the tower to transfer torque captured by a fan rotator 13 to compressed air energy storage, and a compressed air energy storage, suspension damping device and a converter part are arranged in the tower; the compression coupling device increases the low rotation speed of the fan rotator and drives the compressor, and the compression coupling device comprises a gear ring 3 rigidly connected with the fan rotator 13, a planet carrier 4 fixed on a tray for supporting and a compression sun gear 6; the storage battery 38 stores high-frequency wind speed fluctuation power converted by the stator winding 12 of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the high-pressure water tank 22 stores high-pressure pump 19 to lift seawater, a water pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure water tank, and the high-pressure water tank is vertically placed to manufacture natural height difference and seawater desalination pressure; the front end of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly 24 is provided with a water inlet valve 23 and a pressure sensor, the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane assembly is provided with a strong brine discharge valve 25, and the two valves cooperatively regulate and control the reverse osmosis membrane desalination pressure; the converter part comprises a capturing converter 36 and a storage battery converter 37, the capturing converter 36 is a three-phase PWM converter, the storage battery converter 37 is a BUCK converter, the two converters cooperatively control electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, wind energy capturing is implemented, and the storage battery is charged; the compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors 8, three compression clutches 9 and a high-pressure air tank 10, wherein the compressors 8 are axially arranged in a tower, are connected in cascade through the compression clutches 9, the upper-end compressors 8 are coupled with a compression sun gear 6 of a compression coupling device through the compression clutches 9, the high-pressure air tank 10 stores high-pressure air caused by compression, and a pressure sensor and an air release valve are arranged at the upper end of the high-pressure air tank to provide high-pressure air for a suspension damping device; the suspension damping device comprises two pneumatic supports 30-31 and four three-way pneumatic valves 32-35 which are axially arranged, and is used for controlling air floatation and friction damping of a fan rotating body, wherein the pneumatic supports 30-31 are fixed on a tower, a fan rotating body base is arranged between the two pneumatic supports, four pairs of expansion holes 38-29 are correspondingly arranged on the upper pneumatic support and the lower pneumatic support, the two expansion holes share one three-way pneumatic valve, and the input of the three-way pneumatic valve is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank through an air circuit; the air pressure of the expansion hole is controlled by the opening degree of the three-way pneumatic valve, the friction damping is increased by increasing the air pressure of the upper expansion hole, and the exhaust air pressure of the lower expansion hole is increased to weaken or even eliminate the friction damping.
The pump film determining algorithm in the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalting system is as follows: the high-pressure tank reverse osmosis membrane component has high-efficiency working pressure rangeH min ,H max ]When the pressure sensor measures the pressure H<H min Number of high-pressure pumpsNNumber of reverse osmosis membrane modules =4n RO =0; when H is>H max Number of high pressure pumpsN=0, according to fresh water demandF sum Rated desalination flow of membrane single componentf w Calculating the number of reverse osmosis membrane componentsN RO =ceil(F sum /f w ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the pressure of the high-pressure water tank is highH max ≧H≧H min When in use, the fresh water demand is firstly selectedF sum Efficiency of desalinationηRated flow rate of high-pressure pumpQ bN Calculating the number of high-pressure pumpsN 2 =floor(F sum /(η Q bN ) And) whereinceilAndfloorrespectively an upward rounding function and a downward rounding function, followed byN=min(N 1 ,N 2 ) WhereinN 1 For the maximum high-pressure pump driving quantity of the fan, determining the final high-pressure pump quantity according to N RO =ceil(F sum /f w ) And calculating the number of reverse osmosis membrane components.
The maximum torque corresponding to the i-stage compression of the compressor in the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
wherein: i is the number of compression stages, the values of which are 1,2,3,k 0 the conversion coefficient is compressed and the conversion coefficient is compressed,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
is a compression index, the value of which is 1.4, V cs is the suction volume of the vortex machine,P atm is the pressure of the air, the pressure of the air is the atmospheric pressure,β 0 is an ideal compression ratio for the compressor.
The following five working modes of the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis seawater desalination system are shown in fig. 5 due to different wind speeds, high-pressure water tank water pressure and high-pressure air tank air pressure:
fan four-point air-float mode: when wind speedV w Reaching the starting wind speedV in Then, reference is made to four-point pressurep ref And (2) controlling the valve opening of the four three-way pneumatic valves by taking the value of 0 as a target, generating the valve opening under the action of a proportional-integral-derivative PID controller, strictly controlling the pressure at four points of the fan rotator to be zero, capturing energy by friction-free rotation of the fan rotator, and starting the capturing converter and the storage battery converter to work.
Fan air-float capturing mode: when wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV in <V w ≤V bin WhereinV bin For the high-pressure pump to cut into the wind speed, the fan is subjected to four-point air floatation, the air floatation is captured by the fan, the permanent magnet synchronous generator works independently, and the optimal rotating speed is obtained according to the measured wind speed and the vertical axis fan power curveω oref Regulating and controlling electromagnetic torque of permanent magnet synchronous generatorT M The fan rotator stably works at the optimized rotationQuick speedω opt And acquiring the maximum wind energy, and storing the acquired energy in the storage battery through the storage battery converter.
A fan air floatation water storage and gas storage sea water desalination mode: when wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV bin <V w <V N Fan four-point air supporting, wherein:V N for rated wind speed, wind speed measured by sensorV w Pressure of high-pressure water tankHPressure of high-pressure gas tankp s Vertical axis fan power curve and high pressure pump rated powerP bN Calculating an optimized rotation speedω oref Capturing power of fanP oref Power of high-pressure pumpP b =P bN (n b ω oref /ω N ) 2 Wherein:n b the maximum driving number of the high-pressure pumps of the fan is thatN 1 = floor(P oref /P b ) WhereinfloorTo round down the function, and further determine the actual high pressure pump quantity according to the pump film determination algorithmNThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Based on high pressure gas tank pressurep s GiveiMaximum torque corresponding to stage compressionT icmax Compression powerP icmax =n c ω oref T icmax (i=1, 2, 3), wherein:n c for the speed-up ratio of the compression coupling device, ifp s <p c1max Then byn s = (P oref, -NP b ) /P 1cmax According to the downward rounding principle, calculating the compression quantity of the I stage of the compressorn s If (if)p c1max ≤p s <p c2max Then, the cascade compression of the II stages,n s =1; if it isp c2max ≤p s <p c3max Then stage iii compression,n s =1, whichIn (a)p cimax Is thatiStage compression corresponds to a maximum discharge pressure; further calculate deltaP = P oref, -NP b -n s P icmax When%P＜P N WhereinP N Rated for permanent magnet synchronous generator, then according toN、n s 、iDetermining the number of compressors, high-pressure pumps and compression levels; when (delta)P＞P N Then increase the first-order compression, i.ei=i+1, a step of; according to the actual rotation speed of the encoderω，Regulating and controlling electromagnetic torque of permanent magnet synchronous generatorT M The high-pressure pump and the compressor are driven to operate at an optimized rotation speed, sea water and high-pressure gas are stored in the high-pressure water tank and the high-pressure gas tank, a capture converter stores partial power exceeding the power of the high-pressure pump and the power of the compressor into a storage battery through a storage battery converter, and a reverse osmosis membrane put into operation is kept at [ the pressure in the high-pressure tank ]H min ,H max ]The range is that the high-efficiency desalinated seawater is fed into the fresh water tank, and the fan rotator stably operates at an optimized rotating speedω opt And obtaining the maximum fan power.
Fan damping regulation and control sea water desalination mode: when wind speedV w Satisfy the following requirementsV N <V w <V out The damping of the fan is increased, and the fan is controlled to be at rated rotation speedω N Rotating, at this time, the fan captures rated powerP WN Number of fan-driven high-pressure pumpsN 1 =4, determining the actual high pressure pump quantity according to the pump film determination algorithmNThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then according to the pressure of the high-pressure gas tankp s GiveiStage compression corresponds to maximum torqueT icmax and P icmax =n c ω N T icmax (i=1, 2, 3), ifp s <p c1max Then calculaten s = (P WN, -Nn b P bN ) /P 1cmax Wherein: P bN for the high-pressure pump to be rated for power,n b is a variable speed gear ratio; according to the downward rounding principle, calculating the compression cut-in quantity of the I stage of the compressorn s If (if)p c1max ≤p s <p c2max Then, stage ii compression, n s =1; if it isp c2max ≤p s <p c3max Then stage iii compression, n s =1, whereinp cimax Is thatiStage compression corresponds to maximum discharge pressure; further calculate deltaP= P WN, -NP bN -n s P icmax If deltaP＜P N WhereinP N Rated for permanent magnet synchronous generator, then according toN、n s 、iDetermining the number of compressors, high-pressure pumps and compression levels; if deltaP＞P N Then increase the first-order compression, i.ei=i+1, a step of; further according to the actual measured rotation speed of the encoderωRegulating and controlling friction torque between fan rotator and towerT f Make the fan at rated rotation speedω N Operating; capturing current transformer based on torque currenti qref =2(△P/ω N -T f )/3n p ψ r Wherein: n p andψ r the pole pair numbers and flux linkages of the permanent magnets are respectively used for ensuring rated power output of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, and the capture converter stores the parts exceeding the high-pressure pump, the compressor and the friction power to the storage battery; and the electromagnetic clutch is adopted to attract and the water inlet valve is closed, so that the input quantity of the high-pressure pump, the compressor and the reverse osmosis membrane component is controlled.
And (3) a shutdown sea water desalination mode: if wind speedV w Greater thanV out At this time, the feathering is stopped, the capturing converter, the permanent magnet synchronous generator, the compressor and the high-pressure pump are all stopped, N 1 =0, determining the running number of reverse osmosis membranes according to a pump membrane determination algorithm, and adopting a water inlet valveControlling the input quantity of reverse osmosis membrane componentsN RO Aiming at meeting the fresh water demand, the sea water is desalinated.

Claims (1)

1. The offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system is characterized by comprising a supporting platform, a vertical axis wind turbine, a compressed air energy storage device, a pump transmission device, a suspension damping device, a compression coupling device, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure water tank, a reverse osmosis membrane component, a fresh water tank, a converter part and a storage battery; the support platform provides support for the vertical axis wind turbine, the high-pressure pump, the high-pressure water tank, the fresh water tank and the reverse osmosis membrane component; the vertical axis wind turbine comprises fan blades, a fan rotating body, a tower and a permanent magnet synchronous generator, wherein the fan blades adopt a three-layer trapezoid structure and comprise an axial blade and six radial blades, and the wind energy is captured in an omnibearing manner; the fan rotating body is of a streamline combined upper cylinder structure and a streamline combined lower cylinder structure, the upper cylinder is of a structure with a small-diameter top end closed and a hollow inside, the top end of the upper cylinder is supported by a tower, the lower cylinder structure is of a large-diameter hollow disc structure, and an external gear pump sun gear is arranged at the bottom end of the lower cylinder structure; the permanent magnet synchronous generator comprises a three-phase stator winding and an iron core which are fixed on a tower frame and a rotor which is fixed on a fan rotator, wherein the stator winding is connected with a converter part, and the maximum wind energy capture and power control of the fan are regulated and controlled; the pump transmission device comprises a tray support body, a speed change gear and a pump clutch, wherein the tray support body is provided with four groups of speed change gears with embedded bearings according to an equally dividing principle, the speed change gears are meshed with an external gear pump sun gear of a fan rotating body, a pump clutch is arranged on an output center shaft of the speed change gears, an output shaft of the pump clutch is connected with a driving shaft of a high-pressure pump, and the suction of the pump clutch controls the number of switching stages of the high-pressure pump; the outer side of the upper end of the tower is a ring-shaped ball bearing, the inner side of the tower is a disc-shaped supporting body, a compression coupling device is arranged in the tower and used for transmitting torque captured by a fan rotating body to a compressed air energy storage device, and a compressed air energy storage device, a suspension damping device and a converter part are arranged in the tower; the compression coupling device increases the low rotation speed of the fan rotator and drives the compressor, and the compression coupling device comprises a gear ring, a planet carrier and a compression sun gear, wherein the gear ring is rigidly connected with the fan rotator, the planet carrier is fixed on a tray for supporting, and the compression sun gear is fixed on the tray; the storage battery stores stator windings of the permanent magnet synchronous generator to convert high-frequency wind speed fluctuation power, the high-pressure water tank stores high-pressure pump to lift seawater, and a water pressure sensor is arranged in the high-pressure water tank and is vertically placed to manufacture natural height difference and seawater desalination pressure; the front end of the reverse osmosis membrane component is provided with a water inlet valve and a pressure sensor, the lower side of the reverse osmosis membrane component is provided with a strong brine discharge valve, and the two valves cooperatively regulate and control the desalination pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane; the converter part comprises a capturing converter and a storage battery converter, the capturing converter is a three-phase PWM converter, the storage battery converter is a BUCK converter, the two converters cooperatively control the electromagnetic torque of the permanent magnet synchronous generator, wind energy capturing is implemented, and the storage battery is charged;
the compressed air energy storage device comprises three compressors, three compression clutches, seven bidirectional pneumatic valves and a high-pressure air tank, wherein the compressors are axially arranged in a tower, are cascaded through the compression clutches, the upper-end compressors are coupled with a compression sun gear of the compression coupling device through the compression clutches, the high-pressure air tank stores high-pressure air caused by compression, and the upper end of the high-pressure air tank is provided with a pressure sensor and an air release valve for providing high-pressure air for the suspension damping device; the suspension damping device comprises two axial pneumatic supports and four three-way pneumatic valves, the pneumatic supports are fixed on the tower, a fan rotator base is arranged between the two pneumatic supports, four pairs of expansion holes are correspondingly arranged on the upper pneumatic support and the lower pneumatic support, the two expansion holes share one three-way pneumatic valve, and the three-way pneumatic valve input is connected with the high-pressure air tank through an air path; the air pressure of the expansion hole is controlled by the opening degree of the three-way pneumatic valve, the friction damping is increased by increasing the air pressure of the upper expansion hole, and the exhaust air pressure of the lower expansion hole is increased to weaken or even eliminate the friction damping;
the method for determining the number of the high-pressure pumps and the number of the reverse osmosis membrane components in the offshore wind power pneumatic suspension vertical axis sea water desalination system comprises the following steps: the pressure range of the high-pressure water tank is [ when the reverse osmosis membrane component works efficiently ]H min ,H max ]When the pressure sensor measures the pressure H<H min High pressure pump countMeasuring amountNNumber of reverse osmosis membrane modules =4N RO =0; when H is>H max Number of high pressure pumpsN=0, according to fresh water demandF sum Rated desalination flow of membrane single componentf w Calculating the number of reverse osmosis membrane componentsN RO =ceil(F sum /f w ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the When the pressure of the high-pressure water tank is highH max ≧H≧H min When in use, the fresh water demand is firstly selectedF sum Efficiency of desalinationηRated flow rate of high-pressure pumpQ bN Calculating the number of high-pressure pumpsN 2 =floor(F sum /(ηQ bN ) And) whereinceilAndfloorrespectively an upward rounding function and a downward rounding function, followed byN=min(N 1 ,N 2 ) WhereinN 1 For the maximum high-pressure pump driving quantity of the fan, determining the final high-pressure pump quantity according to N RO =ceil(F sum /f w ) And calculating the number of reverse osmosis membrane components.
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