CN110000406B

CN110000406B - Pipe drilling structure and drilling method

Info

Publication number: CN110000406B
Application number: CN201910352868.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张建兴; 邬喜峰; 侯中华
Original assignee: Zezhou Tongtong Casting Co ltd
Current assignee: Zezhou Tongtong Casting Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-04-29
Filing date: 2019-04-29
Publication date: 2024-03-01
Anticipated expiration: 2039-04-29
Also published as: CN110000406A

Abstract

The invention discloses a pipe drilling structure, which relates to the technical field of pipe machining and comprises the following components: the device comprises a driving mechanism, a deflection assembly, a jacking assembly, a positioning assembly, a drilling mechanism and a drill bit assembly. The positioning assembly includes: the device comprises a telescopic part, a limiting part, a fixing part, a crease-resistant part, a biasing spring piece and a soft part. According to the invention, the telescopic parts at the two ends of the pipe are started to move simultaneously, so that the moving distances of the telescopic parts are equal each time, the same transverse position of the pipe each time is ensured, and the left and right positions of the through holes each time are determined. When the two crease-resistant parts of the pipe are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts after contacting the pipe, the crease-resistant parts can rotate, and redundant moving space of the pipe is provided. When the crease-resistant part rotates to a certain angle, the crease-resistant part is attached to the surface of the pipe, which contacts the periphery of the end face of the pipe, to press the part, which is about to be wrinkled due to excessive force, of the surface of the pipe, and meanwhile, the soft part is attached to the inner wall of the pipe, so that the area of the stressed part of the pipe is wrapped, and the wrinkling of the pipe during transverse positioning is avoided.

Description

Pipe drilling structure and drilling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of pipe machining, in particular to a pipe drilling structure and a pipe drilling method.

Background

The steel grade and variety specification of the pipe products are very various, and the performance requirements are also various. It finds application in a wide variety of products and has a need for drilling pipes for use in transmission, support or protection of lines.

In the prior art, the technical scheme for drilling the pipe is generally as follows:

1. fixing the pipe by a fixing device, and then manually drilling a part needing to be drilled by a worker;

2. fixing the pipe through the fixing device, then arranging a plurality of drilling machines beside the fixed pipe, and gradually approaching the pipe through the drilling machines to drill the pipe.

The device that technical scheme 1 needs is simple, only needs fixing device to fix tubular product to marking is done simultaneously to the position marking line that will punch on the steel pipe, then adopts the drilling tool to carry out the drilling to the mark position of steel pipe, but the precision of this kind of drilling can't obtain assurance, mainly relies on workman's experience of working to workman's intensity of labour is big, and the efficiency of drilling is bottom.

When the drilling machine device adopted in the technical scheme 2 is used for drilling the pipe, the concave area is easily formed around the processing hole in the pipe due to the influence of the thickness of the wall surface of the pipe and the influence of the driving force of the drilling machine bit, so that the quality of the pipe is influenced, and meanwhile, the technical scheme cannot be used for drilling metal pipes with different diameters.

As a chinese patent publication No. CN 104827074B, there is disclosed a "device for drilling a steel pipe", comprising: the hydraulic cylinder 3, the first extension plate 9, the first through hole 10, the second extension plate 11, the second through hole 14 and the cylinder 16. The technical proposal is that firstly, a pipe is put between a first extension plate 9 and a second extension plate 11; the actuating cylinder 16 then drives the first extension plate 9 close to the second extension plate 11 so that the first extension plate 9 and the second extension plate 11 extend into the tubing; then, the hydraulic cylinder 3 is started to drive the first extension plate 9 and the second extension plate 11 to be attached to the inner wall surface of the pipe, the pipe is fixed, the axial position of the pipe is fixed, meanwhile, the first through hole 10 on the first extension plate 9 and the second through hole 14 on the second extension plate 11 are attached to the pipe wall, so that when the drilling operation is finally carried out, a drill bit can extend into the first through hole 10 and the second through hole 14, the pipe wall is supported by the first extension plate 9 and the second extension plate 10 around the first through hole 10 and the second through hole 14, the pipe wall is prevented from sinking, and the quality of the steel pipe is guaranteed. However, the foregoing solutions have drawbacks in that, first, when the pipe is put between the first extension plate 9 and the second extension plate 11, the lateral position of the pipe is not fixed, which affects the position where the first extension plate 9 extends into the pipe, and the position of the first through hole 10 on the first extension plate 9 cannot be determined, which easily results in that the drill cannot form a fit with the first through hole 10 for drilling when drilling. Secondly, if the cylinder 16 is directly used for driving a component connected with the cylinder to push the pipe, ensuring that the position of the pipe is kept every time, firstly ensuring that whether the pipe is close enough to the component or not, if the pipe is not enough, when the cylinder 16 moves a certain distance, the pipe cannot be touched, then the position of the pipe cannot be adjusted, or if the transverse position of the pipe is not considered, the cylinder 16 is directly controlled to push the pipe to control the distance of the pipe, which not only needs to control the telescopic distance of the cylinder every time and increases a great deal of labor intensity, but also can easily lead the blocking components at the left end and the right end of the pipe to be in direct rigid contact with the pipe when the telescopic distance of the cylinder 16 is controlled to be improper, so that the pipe is wrinkled, and a person skilled in the art can control the telescopic distance by adopting a high-precision telescopic device, but the cost of the device is extremely high. Thirdly, even if the additional fixing device is used for fixing the left and right transverse positions of the pipe, not only is the movable space of the processing surface of the pipe reduced, but also the fixed part is limited to be incapable of being processed, and meanwhile, the fixed part is also required to be matched with the air cylinder 16, if one of the fixed parts is improperly matched, the worker cannot determine the positions of the first through hole 10 and the second through hole 14, and therefore drilling work cannot be performed. Therefore, the technical scheme needs to be further improved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the pipe cannot be transversely positioned or an additional tool is adopted to transversely position the pipe, so that the movable processing space is limited, the fixed part cannot be processed, and meanwhile, the fixed part is matched with an air cylinder.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a drilling method.

In order to achieve one of the above purposes, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a tubular drilling structure, comprising: a driving mechanism; the assembly that shifts, shift the subassembly and link to each other with actuating mechanism, shift the subassembly and be in actuating mechanism's relative position, actuating mechanism can drive the subassembly that shifts and carry out the removal of relative direction, shift the subassembly and include: the anti-collapse fixing plate can slide relative to the deflection assembly, and is provided with a through hole; the jacking component is positioned on the opposite end face of the deflection component, and is provided with: and a driving unit which can perform telescopic movement, the driving unit having: the rod part is a power output end of the driving part and is fixedly connected with the jacking component; one end of the pushing part is movably connected with the driving part, and the other end of the pushing part is in power connection with the collapse-preventing fixing plate; the locating component, locating component connects the subassembly that shifts, and locating component includes: the telescopic part can perform telescopic movement and is provided with a head, and the head is provided with a hole groove; the limiting part is elastic and is arranged in the hole groove; the fixed part is connected with the limiting part; the anti-wrinkling part is movably connected with the fixing part and can rotate relative to the fixing part, and the anti-wrinkling part is provided with a propping surface which is used for contacting the outer surface of the attached pipe; the joint of the crease-resistant part and the fixed plate is also provided with a biasing spring; the soft part is flexible, the soft part is connected with the fixing part, the soft part and the crease-resistant part are positioned at opposite positions, and the soft part and the crease-resistant part are provided with gaps which are smaller than the wall thickness of the pipe; the drilling mechanism is positioned at the relative position of the jacking component; the drill bit assembly is connected with the drilling mechanism, and the drilling mechanism drives the drill bit assembly to move.

In the technical scheme, the pipe is firstly put between the positioning components; secondly, starting a driving mechanism to drive the positioning assembly to approach the end face of the pipe; simultaneously starting the telescopic parts at two ends of the pipe to move, and promoting the anti-wrinkling parts to contact and push the pipe until the anti-wrinkling parts at two ends of the pipe are contacted with the end face of the pipe at the same time, if the anti-wrinkling parts are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts, the anti-wrinkling parts rotate to unload force, and when the anti-wrinkling parts rotate to a certain degree, the parts which are contacted with the periphery of the end face of the pipe and are about to be wrinkled due to excessive force are pressed, if the anti-wrinkling parts are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts, the fixed parts connected with the anti-wrinkling parts stretch and move under the elasticity of the limiting parts, and the force is unloaded to the anti-wrinkling parts; then, the driving part is started to perform telescopic movement, and the pushing part is driven to push the collapse-preventing fixing plate to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe for fixing, so that the through holes in the collapse-preventing fixing plate are mutually aligned with the drill bit assembly; and finally, starting the drilling mechanism to drive the drill bit assembly to rotate, and simultaneously driving the drill bit assembly to move to drill the pipe.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the pipe drilling structure further includes: the mounting part is provided with a chute, and the driving mechanism is mounted on the mounting part; the shifting assembly further comprises a sliding part, and the sliding part is installed in the sliding groove. The driving mechanism is started to push the sliding part of the shifting assembly to move in the sliding groove, so that stability is maintained.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving mechanism is a cylinder.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, the shape of the collapse preventing fixing plates is adapted to the inner wall surface of the pipe.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the pressing component is an oil cylinder.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the driving part is a cylinder.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the telescopic portion is a cylinder.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the fixing portion has a locking groove, and the locking groove is circular arc.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the wrinkle preventing portion has a lock member, and the lock member is in a circular arc shape.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, one end of the soft part facing the pipe is provided with a guide surface, and the guide surface is arc-shaped. The curved guide surface is favorable for guiding the positioning assembly due to instability when the positioning assembly just contacts the pipe, so that the pipe can be prevented from being tightly attached to the flexible part and the crease-resistant part, and wrinkling of the pipe is avoided.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the drilling mechanism has a motor and a hydraulic cylinder to power the drill bit assembly.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, the displacing assembly further includes: the power part is provided with a main shaft, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the main shaft, and the power part can drive and rotate; the center of the supporting ring is provided with a storage space, and the supporting ring is provided with a deflection groove; the reset part is arranged in the deflection groove, the reset part is elastic, the collapse-preventing fixing plate is connected with the reset part, the collapse-preventing fixing plate is partially positioned in the deflection groove, and the reset part is used for resetting the collapse-preventing fixing plate; the middle ring is arranged in the storage space, and the center of the middle ring is provided with an accommodating space; the elastic layer is positioned between the support ring and the middle ring, one end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected with the support ring, and the other end of the elastic layer elastically extrudes the middle ring, so that the middle ring is prevented from easily rotating under the action of external force; the inner ring, the inner ring is in relative position with power portion, and the inner ring sets up in the accommodation space, and the inner ring still has: the force application groove is adaptive to the deflection groove; the main shaft is arranged in the accommodating space, and a gap is reserved between the main shaft and the accommodating space; the bearing unit is arranged in the main shaft and the accommodating space; the top piece is positioned at the whole body of the main shaft, and the shape of one end of the top piece facing the main shaft is adapted to the arc-shaped groove; the elastic part is connected with one end of the top piece, which is away from the main shaft; the bearing part is arranged between the inner ring and the middle ring; the jacking component is also provided with a sliding body, the sliding body is arranged in the force application groove, and the sliding body is movably connected with the pushing part. Firstly, according to the size of the hole to be drilled, the power part is started to drive the inner ring to rotate so as to butt joint the anti-collapse fixing plate with the through holes with different apertures. And then the anti-collapse fixing plate is pushed to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe in a separated mode for fixing. Finally, the power part is started again to drive the pipe to rotate and align with the drill bit assembly (at the moment, in the process that the pushing part pushes the collapse-preventing fixing plate, the pushing part enters the middle ring from the inner ring, so that the force of the rotation of the inner ring is transmitted to the middle ring, the pipe is further driven to rotate), and the automatic adjustment of the drilling position and the specified size of the pipe is completed. And when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate, the top piece clamped with the main shaft of the power part in the inner ring is influenced by the rotating force of the power part and acts on the elastic part to separate from the main shaft, when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate to a specified position, the power part stops rotating, the top piece is acted on by the elastic part to clamp the main shaft again to position, automatic braking is realized, the situation that the force application groove of the inner ring is abutted against the deflection groove of the support ring, which is influenced by the inertia force of the power part, cannot be realized is avoided, and the pushing part cannot push the collapse prevention fixing plate to realize drilling work.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the number of the collapse preventing fixing plates is plural, and the aperture of the through hole of each collapse preventing fixing plate may be the same or different.

Further, in an embodiment of the present invention, a drill bit assembly includes: the rotary shaft is connected with the drilling mechanism; the drilling head is positioned in the opposite direction of the rotating shaft, and a space distance is reserved between the drilling head and the rotating shaft; the two ends of the lantern ring are respectively fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and the drilling head, and the center of the lantern ring is hollow; the vibration reduction part is sleeved outside the whole body of the lantern ring, the vibration reduction part and the lantern ring are provided with gaps, and the outer surface of the whole body of the vibration reduction part is provided with an annular groove; and one end of the vibration transmission part is movably connected with the lantern ring or the rotating shaft, and the other end of the vibration transmission part is arranged in the annular groove. In the process of drilling, when the vibration force of the drilling head is conducted to the hollow part of the sleeve ring, the transmission of direct vibration conduction is reduced, when the force of the rotating shaft is conducted to the drilling head by the sleeve ring, the sleeve ring is deformed due to insufficient volume supporting rotation force of the sleeve ring, the additional vibration transmission part is arranged for conducting the rotation force, and meanwhile the vibration force of the drilling head is received by the vibration transmission part and is conducted to the annular groove of the vibration reduction part for sliding force unloading, so that vibration reduction is further realized.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the drill bit assembly is made of a rigid material.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

firstly, the telescopic parts at the two ends of the pipe are started to move simultaneously, so that the distance between the telescopic parts is equal in each movement, the same transverse position of the pipe is ensured, and the situation that the drill bit assembly cannot determine the left and right positions of the through hole is avoided. Meanwhile, the pipe is arc-shaped, the arc surface of the pipe guides the collapse-preventing fixing plate to the arc center of the pipe, and when the collapse-preventing fixing plate contacts and fits the pipe, the pipe cannot move back and forth, so that the position of the through hole is accurately determined by the drill bit assembly.

Secondly, in the process that the crease-resistant parts are contacted with and pushed by the telescopic parts, when the crease-resistant parts at two ends of the pipe are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts after being contacted with the pipe, the crease-resistant parts can rotate to provide redundant moving space for the pipe, and the phenomenon that the end parts of the pipe, particularly the end parts of the thin-wall pipe, are stressed and wrinkled is avoided, so that the quality of the pipe is influenced when the transverse positioning is carried out.

Thirdly, when the crease-resistant part rotates to a certain angle, the crease-resistant part is attached to the surface of the pipe, which contacts the periphery of the end face of the pipe, to press the part, which is about to be wrinkled due to excessive force, of the surface of the pipe, and meanwhile, the soft part is attached to the inner wall of the pipe, so that the area of the stressed part of the pipe is wrapped, and the influence of the wrinkling of the pipe on the product quality during transverse positioning is avoided.

In order to achieve the second purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of drilling comprising the steps of:

discharging, namely placing the pipe between the positioning assemblies so that the hollow part of the center of the pipe is aligned with the jacking assembly;

the material is aligned, a driving mechanism is started to drive a positioning assembly to approach to the end face of the pipe, and meanwhile, a jacking assembly is driven to enter a hollow part area in the pipe;

the transverse center positioning is performed, and the telescopic parts of the positioning assemblies at the two ends of the pipe are started to move at the same time, so that the crease-resist parts on the telescopic parts are enabled to contact and push the pipe until the crease-resist parts at the two ends of the pipe are simultaneously contacted with the end face of the pipe, and the position of the pipe pushed by the crease-resist parts each time is ensured to be unchanged;

when the anti-wrinkling part contacted with the end surface of the pipe is continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic part, the anti-wrinkling part rotates to unload force, and simultaneously, when the anti-wrinkling part rotates to a certain degree, the anti-wrinkling part is attached to the surface of the pipe contacted with the periphery of the end surface of the pipe, and presses the part of the surface of the pipe, which is about to be wrinkled due to excessive force;

when the anti-wrinkling part contacted with the end surface of the pipe is continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic part, the fixed part connected with the anti-wrinkling part stretches and moves under the elasticity of the limiting part, and the force is released to the anti-wrinkling part;

The fixed alignment is carried out, the driving part is started to carry out telescopic movement, the pushing part is driven to push the anti-collapse fixing plate to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe for fixing, and the through holes on the anti-collapse fixing plate are aligned with the drill bit assembly;

and when the drilling is carried out, the drill bit assembly penetrates through the through hole, and the acting force of the drill bit assembly on the pipe is supported by the collapse-preventing fixing plate at the periphery of the through hole.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, in the crease-resist step, when the crease-resist part does not need to contact the pipe, the crease-resist part resets under the action of the biasing spring at the connection part with the fixing part.

Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, in the force unloading step, when the fixing portion does not need to be moved by force unloading, the fixing portion is reset under the elasticity of the limiting portion.

Further, in embodiments of the present invention, the hollow portion of the collar in the drilling assembly reduces the transmission of direct conduction of vibrations during the collapse prevention drilling step when drilling is performed.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, in the collapse prevention drilling step, when drilling is performed, the driving force on the drilling head is firstly transmitted to the vibration transmission part, and the vibration transmission part slides in the annular groove of the vibration reduction part to perform the unloading force of vibration.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, in the fixing and aligning step, the power part is started to drive the inner ring to rotate and butt against the collapse-preventing fixing plate with the through holes with different apertures according to the size of the holes to be drilled, then the collapse-preventing fixing plate is pushed to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe in a separated mode to be fixed, and meanwhile, the collapse-preventing fixing plate is reset by the reset part.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, in the fixing and aligning step, the inner ring connected with the driving part can freely rotate, the middle ring connected with the collapse-preventing fixing plate is not easy to rotate under the influence of the elastic layer, when the pushing part pushes the collapse-preventing fixing plate, the pushing part enters the middle ring to conduct the rotating force of the inner ring into the middle ring, and further the pipe is driven to rotate, so that through holes with different apertures can be automatically aligned with the drilling assembly.

Further, in the embodiment of the invention, in the fixing and aligning step, when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate, the top piece clamped with the main shaft of the power part in the inner ring is influenced by the rotating force of the power part and the action of the elastic part and is separated from the main shaft, and when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate to a specified position, the power part stops rotating, and the top piece is clamped with the main shaft again to be positioned under the action of the elastic part.

Furthermore, in the embodiment of the invention, in the fixing and aligning step, when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate, a bearing unit is arranged between the main shaft of the power part and the inner ring to unload force, so that direct transmission is avoided.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a pipe drilling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a combination of a pressing assembly and a displacing assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a pressing assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a displacement assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of an anti-collapse fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional movement of the auxiliary hole mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a detail structure of a pipe drilling structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of a positioning assembly according to an embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram illustrating the cooperation between a positioning assembly and a pipe according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a partial enlarged view of a of fig. 9.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing a detail structure of a displacement assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 12 is a partial enlarged view of C of fig. 11.

FIG. 13 is a schematic front view of a drill bit assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the accompanying drawings

100. Mounting part

200. Driving mechanism

300. Displacement assembly 301, resetting portion 302 and power portion

303. Slip part 304, support ring 305, inner ring

306. Middle ring 307, bearing portion 308, elastic layer

309. Bearing unit 310, elastic portion 311, and top member

400. Top pressing assembly 401, driving part 402 and sliding body

403. Push portion 404, lever portion

500. Anti-collapse fixing plate 501 and through hole

600. Positioning assembly 601, telescoping portion 602, and biasing spring

603. Limit part 604, soft part 605 and fixing part

606. Crease-resistant portion 607, lock piece 608, lock groove

700. Drilling mechanism

800. Drill bit assembly 801, rotary shaft 802, and vibration damping portion

803. Drilling head 804, vibration transmitting portion 805, collar

900. Pipe material

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "middle," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," "side," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "a," an, "" the first, "" the second, "" the third, "" the fourth, "" the fifth, "and the sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.

For purposes of brevity and description, the principles of the embodiments are described primarily by reference to examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. However, it is apparent that. It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without limitation to these specific details. In some instances, well known drilling methods and structures have not been described in detail in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the embodiments. In addition, all embodiments may be used in combination with each other.

Embodiment one:

a tubular 900 drilling structure, comprising: the device comprises a driving mechanism 200, a deflection assembly 300, a jacking assembly 400, a positioning assembly 600, a drilling mechanism 700 and a drill bit assembly 800.

The deflection assembly 300 is connected with the driving mechanism 200, the deflection assembly 300 is positioned at the relative position of the driving mechanism 200, the driving mechanism 200 can drive the deflection assembly 300 to move in the relative direction, the deflection assembly 300 comprises a collapse prevention fixing plate 500, the collapse prevention fixing plate 500 can slide relative to the deflection assembly 300, and the collapse prevention fixing plate 500 is provided with a through hole 501.

The pushing assembly 400 and the shifting assembly 300 are located on opposite end surfaces, the pushing assembly 400 is provided with a driving part 401 and a pushing part 403, the driving part 401 can stretch and retract, the driving part 401 is provided with a rod part 404, the rod part 404 is a power output end of the driving part 401, and the rod part 404 is fixedly connected with the pushing assembly 400. One end of the pushing part 403 is movably connected with the driving part 401, and the other end of the pushing part 403 is dynamically connected with the collapse-preventing fixing plate 500.

The positioning assembly 600 is connected to the dislocating assembly 300, and the positioning assembly 600 includes: telescoping portion 601, limiting portion 603, fixing portion 605, crease-resist portion 606, biasing spring 602, and soft portion 604. The telescopic part 601 can perform telescopic movement, and the telescopic part 601 is provided with a head, and the head is provided with a hole groove. The limiting part 603 has elasticity, and the limiting part 603 is installed in the hole groove. The fixing portion 605 is connected to the limiting portion 603. The crease-resist portion 606 is movably connected with the fixing portion 605, the crease-resist portion 606 can rotate relative to the fixing portion 605, and the crease-resist portion 606 is provided with a butting face for contacting and attaching to the outer surface of the pipe 900. The connection of the crease-resist portion 606 and the fixed plate is also provided with a biasing spring 602. Soft portion 604 has flexibility, soft portion 604 is connected with fixed portion 605, soft portion 604 is in relative position with crease-resist portion 606, soft portion 604 and crease-resist portion 606 have a void, and the void is less than the wall thickness of tubing 900.

The drilling mechanism 700 is located in a relative position to the jacking assembly 400. The drill bit assembly 800 is connected with the drilling mechanism 700, and the drilling mechanism 700 drives the drill bit assembly 800 to move.

The implementation steps are as follows: the tubing 900 is first placed between the positioning assemblies 600. And then the driving mechanism 200 is started to drive the positioning assembly 600 to approach towards the end face of the pipe 900. Simultaneously, the telescopic parts 601 at two ends of the pipe 900 are started to move, the anti-wrinkling parts 606 are promoted to contact and push the pipe 900 until the anti-wrinkling parts 606 at two ends of the pipe 900 are simultaneously contacted with the end face of the pipe 900, if the anti-wrinkling parts 606 are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts 601, the anti-wrinkling parts 606 perform screwing and disassembling force, meanwhile, when the anti-wrinkling parts 606 rotate to a certain degree, the surfaces of the pipe 900 contacting with the periphery of the end face of the pipe 900 are attached, the parts, which are about to be subjected to excessive force, of the surface of the pipe 900 are pressed, if the anti-wrinkling parts 606 are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts 601, the fixing parts 605 connected with the anti-wrinkling parts 606 perform telescopic movement under the elasticity of the limiting parts 603, and the force is unloaded to the anti-wrinkling parts 606. Then, the driving part 401 is started to perform telescopic movement, and the pushing part 403 is driven to push the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe 900 for fixing, so that the through holes 501 on the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 are aligned with the drill bit assembly 800. Finally, the drilling mechanism 700 is started to drive the drill bit assembly 800 to rotate, and meanwhile, the drill bit assembly 800 is driven to move to drill the pipe 900.

Specifically, the pipe 900 drilling structure further includes a mounting portion 100, a chute is formed on the mounting portion 100, and the driving mechanism 200 is mounted on the mounting portion 100. The indexing assembly 300 further comprises a sliding portion 303, the sliding portion 303 being mounted in the chute. The driving mechanism 200 is started to push the sliding part 303 of the shifting assembly 300 to move in the sliding groove, so that stability is maintained.

Specifically, the driving mechanism 200 is a cylinder.

Specifically, the shape of the collapse prevention fixing plates 500 is adapted to the inner wall surface of the tube 900.

Specifically, the jacking assembly 400 is an oil cylinder.

Specifically, the driving section 401 is a cylinder.

Specifically, the expansion and contraction portion 601 is an air cylinder.

Specifically, the fixing portion 605 has a lock groove 608, and the lock groove 608 has a circular arc shape. The wrinkle preventing portion 606 has a lock 607, and the lock 607 has a circular arc shape. When the crease-resist portion 606 is not stressed to rotate, the lock piece 607 is clamped with the lock groove 608, so that the crease-resist portion 606 is prevented from easily rotating and moving under the action of external force, and the transverse positioning is not facilitated.

Specifically, the end of the soft portion 604 facing the tubing 900 has a guide surface that is arcuate. The curved guiding surface is beneficial to guiding the positioning assembly 600 due to instability when the positioning assembly just contacts the pipe 900, so that the soft portion 604 cannot be matched with the crease-resistant portion 606 to tightly fit the pipe 900, and wrinkling of the pipe 900 is avoided.

Specifically, the drilling mechanism 700 has a motor and a hydraulic cylinder to power the drill bit assembly 800.

Specifically, the indexing assembly 300 further includes: a power part 302, a support ring 304, a reset part 301, a middle ring 306, an elastic layer 308, an inner ring 305, and a bearing part 307.

The power unit 302 has a main shaft with an arc-shaped groove, and the power unit 302 can be driven to rotate. The support ring 304 has a storage space in the center and the support ring 304 has a deflection slot. The reset portion 301 is disposed in the displacement groove, the reset portion 301 has elasticity, the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 is connected to the reset portion 301, the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 is partially disposed in the displacement groove, and the reset portion 301 is used for resetting the collapse preventing fixing plate 500. The middle ring 306 is disposed in the storage space, and the middle ring 306 has a receiving space in the center. The elastic layer 308 is located between the support ring 304 and the middle ring 306, one end of the elastic layer 308 is fixedly connected with the support ring 304, and the other end of the elastic layer 308 elastically presses the middle ring 306, so that the middle ring 306 is prevented from easily rotating under the action of external force.

The inner ring 305 is located opposite to the power portion 302, the inner ring 305 is disposed in the accommodating space, and the inner ring 305 further has: the urging groove, the accommodation space, the bearing unit 309, the top 311, and the elastic portion 310. The force application groove is adapted to the deflection groove. The main shaft is installed in the accommodation space, and the main shaft has a clearance with the accommodation space. The bearing unit 309 is disposed in the main shaft and the accommodation space. The top piece 311 is located at the whole body of the main shaft, and the shape of the end of the top piece 311 facing the main shaft is matched with the arc-shaped groove. The elastic portion 310 is connected to an end of the top piece 311 facing away from the main shaft.

The bearing portion 307 is provided between the inner ring 305 and the middle ring 306. The top pressing assembly 400 further has a sliding body 402, the sliding body 402 is disposed in the force application groove, and the sliding body 402 is movably connected with the pushing portion 403.

Firstly, according to the size of the hole, the power part 302 is started to drive the inner ring 305 to rotate and butt against the collapse preventing fixing plates 500 with the through holes 501 with different apertures. And then the anti-collapse fixing plate 500 is pushed to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe 900 in a separated mode for fixing. Finally, the power part 302 is started again to drive the pipe 900 to rotate and align with the drill bit assembly 800 (in the process that the pushing part 403 pushes the collapse prevention fixing plate 500, the pushing part 403 enters the middle ring 306 from the inner ring 305, so that the rotating force of the inner ring 305 is transmitted to the middle ring 306, and the pipe 900 is further driven to rotate), so that the drilling position and the specified size of the pipe 900 are automatically adjusted.

When the power part 302 drives the inner ring 305 to rotate, the top piece 311 which is engaged with the main shaft of the power part 302 in the inner ring 305 is influenced by the rotating force of the power part 302 and acts on the elastic part 310 to separate from the main shaft, when the power part 302 drives the inner ring 305 to rotate to a specified position, the power part 302 stops rotating, the top piece 311 is acted on by the elastic part 310 to be engaged with the main shaft again to position, so as to realize automatic braking, and the situation that the inner ring 305 cannot be accurately contacted with the deflection groove of the supporting ring 304 due to the influence of the inertia force of the power part 302 is avoided, so that the push part 403 cannot push the collapse prevention fixing plate 500 to realize drilling.

Specifically, the number of the collapse preventing fixing plates 500 is plural, and the apertures of the through holes 501 of each of the collapse preventing fixing plates 500 may be the same or different.

Specifically, the drill bit assembly 800 includes: a rotary shaft 801, a drill 803, a collar 805, a vibration damping portion 802, and a vibration transmitting portion 804. The rotation shaft 801 is connected to the drilling mechanism 700. The boring head 803 is located in the opposite direction of the rotational axis 801 with a spatial distance between the boring head 803 and the rotational axis 801. The two ends of the collar 805 are respectively and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 801 and the drilling head 803, and the center of the collar 805 is hollow. The vibration damping portion 802 is sleeved outside the whole body of the collar 805, the vibration damping portion 802 and the collar 805 are provided with gaps, and the whole body outer surface of the vibration damping portion 802 is provided with an annular groove. One end of the vibration transmission part 804 is movably connected with the collar 805 or the rotating shaft 801, and the other end of the vibration transmission part 804 is arranged in the annular groove. In the process of drilling, when the vibration force of the drilling head 803 is transmitted to the hollow part of the collar 805, the transmission of direct transmission of vibration is reduced, in order to avoid that when the collar 805 transmits the force of the rotating shaft 801 to the drilling head 803, the collar 805 is deformed due to insufficient volume supporting rotation force of the collar 805, an additional vibration transmission part 804 is arranged for transmitting the rotation force, and meanwhile, the vibration transmission part 804 also receives the transmission of the vibration force of the drilling head 803 to the annular groove of the vibration reduction part 802 for sliding force unloading, so that vibration reduction is further realized.

Specifically, the drill bit assembly 800 is made of rigid materials.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

first, the telescopic parts 601 at two ends of the pipe 900 are started to move simultaneously, so that the distance between the telescopic parts 601 in each movement is equal, each transverse position of the pipe 900 is guaranteed to be the same, and the drill bit assembly 800 is prevented from being incapable of determining the left and right positions of the through hole 501. Meanwhile, the pipe 900 is arc-shaped, the arc surface of the pipe 900 guides the collapse-preventing fixing plate 500 to the arc center of the pipe, and when the collapse-preventing fixing plate 500 contacts and fits the pipe 900, the pipe 900 does not move back and forth, so that the position of the through hole 501 in front of and behind the drill bit assembly 800 is ensured to be accurately determined.

Secondly, in the process that the crease-resistant parts 606 are contacted with the pipe 900 under the action of the telescopic parts 601, when the crease-resistant parts 606 at the two ends of the pipe 900 are continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic parts 601 after being contacted with the pipe 900, the crease-resistant parts 606 can rotate to provide redundant moving space of the pipe 900, so that the end parts of the pipe 900, particularly the end parts of the thin-wall pipe 900, are prevented from being stressed and wrinkled, and the quality of the pipe 900 is influenced when the transverse positioning is performed.

Thirdly, when the crease-resistant part 606 rotates to a certain angle, the crease-resistant part 606 is attached to the surface of the pipe 900 contacting the periphery of the end face of the pipe 900, the part of the surface of the pipe 900, which is about to be wrinkled due to excessive force, is pressed, and meanwhile, the soft part 604 is attached to the inner wall of the pipe 900, so that the area of the stressed part of the pipe 900 is wrapped, and the phenomenon that the product quality is affected due to the wrinkling of the pipe 900 during transverse positioning is avoided.

Fourth, according to the invention, after the anti-wrinkling treatment is performed on the pipe 900 by the anti-wrinkling part 606, the anti-wrinkling part 606 is still continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic part 601, the fixing part 605 connected with the anti-wrinkling part 606 can stretch and retract under the elasticity of the limiting part 603, the moving space of the pipe 900 is provided, the requirement of the telescopic part 601 on the transverse accurate positioning of the pipe 900 is greatly reduced, the telescopic distance of the telescopic part 601 is not required to be controlled by adopting an extra appliance, and the cost is reduced.

A method of drilling comprising the steps of:

and discharging, namely placing the pipe 900 between the positioning assemblies 600, so that the central hollow part of the pipe 900 is aligned with the top pressure assembly 400.

For material, the driving mechanism 200 is started to drive the positioning assembly 600 to approach towards the end face of the pipe 900, and meanwhile, the jacking assembly 400 is driven to enter the hollow part area in the pipe 900.

And the transverse center positioning is performed, and simultaneously, the telescopic parts 601 of the positioning assemblies 600 at the two ends of the pipe 900 are started to move, so that the crease-resist parts 606 on the telescopic parts 601 are contacted with the pipe 900 to push the pipe 900 until the crease-resist parts 606 at the two ends of the pipe 900 are contacted with the end surfaces of the pipe 900 at the same time, and the position of the pipe 900 pushed by the crease-resist parts 606 is kept unchanged each time.

When the crease-resist portion 606 contacting the end face of the pipe 900 is continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic portion 601, the crease-resist portion 606 rotates to unload force, and meanwhile, when the crease-resist portion 606 rotates to a certain degree, the surface of the pipe 900 contacting the periphery of the end face of the pipe 900 is attached, and the portion, which is about to receive excessive force, of the surface of the pipe 900 is pressed.

When the wrinkle preventing portion 606 contacting the end surface of the pipe 900 is continuously influenced by the biasing force of the telescopic portion 601, the fixing portion 605 connected to the wrinkle preventing portion 606 is elastically moved to expand and contract by the limiting portion 603, and the wrinkle preventing portion 606 is subjected to the force release.

The fixing alignment is performed, the driving part 401 is started to perform telescopic movement, the pushing part 403 is driven to push the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe 900 for fixing, and the through holes 501 on the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 are aligned with the drill bit assembly 800.

The anti-collapse drilling is performed, the drilling mechanism 700 is started to drive the drill bit assembly 800 to rotate, meanwhile, the drill bit assembly 800 is driven to move to drill the pipe 900, when the drilling is performed, the drill bit assembly 800 penetrates through the through hole 501, and meanwhile, acting force of the drill bit assembly 800 on the pipe 900 is supported by the anti-collapse fixing plate 500 at the periphery of the through hole 501.

Specifically, in the wrinkle preventing step, when the wrinkle preventing portion 606 does not need to make contact with the pipe 900, the wrinkle preventing portion 606 is reset by the biasing spring 602 connected to the fixing portion 605.

Specifically, in the force releasing step, when the fixing portion 605 does not need to be moved by the force releasing, the fixing portion 605 is reset by the elasticity of the stopper portion 603.

Specifically, during the collapse prevention drilling step, the hollow of the collar 805 in the drilling assembly reduces the transmission of vibration direct conduction as the drilling proceeds.

Specifically, in the collapse prevention drilling step, when drilling is performed, the driving force on the drill head 803 is transmitted to the vibration transmission portion 804, and the vibration transmission portion 804 slides in the annular groove of the vibration reduction portion 802 to perform the unloading force of the vibration.

Specifically, in the fixing and aligning step, the power part 302 is started to drive the inner ring 305 to rotate and butt against the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 with the through holes 501 with different apertures according to the size of the holes to be drilled, then the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 is pushed to be attached to the inner wall of the pipe 900 to be fixed in a separated mode, and meanwhile the reset part 301 is adopted to reset the collapse preventing fixing plate 500.

Specifically, in the fixing and aligning step, the inner ring 305 connected to the driving portion 401 may rotate freely, the middle ring 306 connected to the collapse preventing fixing plate 500 is not easy to rotate under the influence of the elastic layer 308, when the pushing portion 403 pushes the collapse preventing fixing plate 500, the pushing portion 403 enters the middle ring 306 to transfer the force of rotating the inner ring 305 into the middle ring 306, and further drives the pipe 900 to rotate, so that the through holes 501 with different apertures can be aligned with the drilling assembly automatically.

More specifically, in the step of fixing and aligning, when the power portion 302 drives the inner ring 305 to rotate, the top piece 311 of the inner ring 305, which is engaged with the main shaft of the power portion 302, is affected by the rotation force of the power portion 302 and the action of the elastic portion 310, and is separated from the main shaft, and when the power portion 302 drives the inner ring 305 to rotate to a specified position, the power portion 302 stops rotating, and the top piece 311 is engaged with the main shaft again by the action of the elastic portion 310 to perform positioning.

More specifically, in the step of fixing and aligning, when the power portion 302 drives the inner ring 305 to rotate, the bearing unit 309 is disposed between the main shaft of the power portion 302 and the inner ring 305 to perform force unloading, so as to avoid direct transmission.

While the foregoing describes the illustrative embodiments of the present invention so that those skilled in the art may understand the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments, and all inventive innovations utilizing the inventive concepts are herein within the scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, as long as the various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A tubular drilling structure, comprising:

a driving mechanism;

the assembly that shifts, shift the assembly with actuating mechanism links to each other, shift the assembly and be in actuating mechanism's relative position, actuating mechanism can drive shift the assembly and carry out the removal of relative direction, shift the assembly and include:

the collapse-preventing fixing plate can slide relative to the deflection assembly, and is provided with a through hole;

the jacking component is positioned on the opposite end face of the deflection component, and the jacking component is provided with:

A driving section having:

the rod part is a power output end of the driving part and is fixedly connected with the jacking component;

one end of the pushing part is movably connected with the driving part, and the other end of the pushing part is in power connection with the collapse-preventing fixing plate;

the locating component, the locating component is connected the subassembly that shifts, the locating component includes:

the telescopic part can perform telescopic movement and is provided with a head, and the head is provided with a hole groove;

the limiting part is elastic and is arranged in the hole groove;

the fixed part is connected with the limiting part;

the crease-resist part is movably connected with the fixing part and can rotate relative to the fixing part, and the crease-resist part is provided with a propping surface;

the joint of the crease-resistant part and the fixed plate is also provided with the biasing spring;

the soft part is flexible, the soft part is connected with the fixing part, the soft part and the crease-resistant part are positioned at opposite positions, the soft part and the crease-resistant part are provided with gaps, and the gaps are smaller than the wall thickness of the pipe;

The drilling mechanism is positioned at the relative position of the jacking component;

the drill bit assembly is connected with the drilling mechanism, and the drilling mechanism drives the drill bit assembly to move;

the indexing assembly further comprises:

the power part is provided with a main shaft, an arc-shaped groove is formed in the main shaft, and the power part can be driven to rotate;

the support ring is provided with a storage space in the center and a deflection groove;

the reset part is arranged in the deflection groove, the reset part is elastic, the collapse-preventing fixing plate is connected with the reset part, and the collapse-preventing fixing plate is partially positioned in the deflection groove;

the middle ring is arranged in the storage space, and the center of the middle ring is provided with an accommodating space;

the elastic layer is positioned between the supporting ring and the middle ring, one end of the elastic layer is fixedly connected with the supporting ring, and the other end of the elastic layer elastically extrudes the middle ring;

the inner ring, the inner ring with power portion is in relative position, the inner ring sets up in the accommodation, the inner ring still has:

the force application groove is adaptive to the deflection groove;

The main shaft is arranged in the accommodating space, and a gap is reserved between the main shaft and the accommodating space;

a bearing unit disposed in the main shaft and the accommodation space;

the top piece is positioned at the whole body position of the main shaft, and the shape of one end of the top piece, which faces the main shaft, is matched with the arc-shaped groove;

the elastic part is connected with one end of the top piece, which is away from the main shaft;

a bearing portion disposed between the inner ring and the middle ring;

the jacking component is also provided with a sliding body, the sliding body is arranged in the force application groove, and the sliding body is movably connected with the pushing part;

the drill bit assembly includes:

the rotary shaft is connected with the drilling mechanism;

the drilling head is positioned in the opposite direction of the rotating shaft, and a space distance is reserved between the drilling head and the rotating shaft;

the two ends of the lantern ring are respectively and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft and the drilling head, and the center of the lantern ring is hollow;

the vibration reduction part is sleeved outside the whole body of the lantern ring, the vibration reduction part and the lantern ring are provided with gaps, and the outer surface of the whole body of the vibration reduction part is provided with an annular groove;

And one end of the vibration transmission part is movably connected with the lantern ring or the rotating shaft, and the other end of the vibration transmission part is arranged in the annular groove.

2. The tubular drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the tubular drilling structure further comprises:

the mounting part is provided with a chute, and the driving mechanism is mounted on the mounting part;

the shifting assembly further comprises a sliding part, and the sliding part is installed in the sliding groove.

3. The tubular drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism is a cylinder.

4. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the collapse prevention fixing plates are shaped to conform to an inner wall surface of the pipe.

5. The tubular drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the jacking assembly is a ram.

6. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the driving portion is a cylinder.

7. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the telescoping portion is a cylinder.

8. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the fixing portion has a locking groove, and the locking groove is circular arc-shaped.

9. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the crease-resist portion has a lock, the lock being circular arc-shaped.

10. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein an end of the soft portion facing the pipe has a guide surface, the guide surface being arcuate.

11. The tubular drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the drilling mechanism has a motor and hydraulic cylinder to power the drill bit assembly.

12. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the number of the collapse preventing fixing plates is plural, and the hole diameters of the through holes of each of the collapse preventing fixing plates may be the same or different.

13. The pipe drilling structure of claim 1, wherein the drill bit assembly is made of a rigid material.

14. A method of drilling comprising the steps of:

the material is aligned, a driving mechanism is started to drive the positioning assembly to approach towards the end face of the pipe, and meanwhile, the jacking assembly is driven to enter a hollow part area in the pipe;

the transverse center positioning is performed, and the telescopic parts of the positioning assemblies at the two ends of the pipe are started to move at the same time, so that the crease-resist parts on the telescopic parts are enabled to contact and push the pipe until the crease-resist parts at the two ends of the pipe are simultaneously contacted with the end surfaces of the pipe, and the position of the pipe pushed by the crease-resist parts each time is ensured to be unchanged;

The anti-wrinkling part continuously receives the influence of the force exerted by the telescopic part when contacting with the end surface of the pipe, the anti-wrinkling part rotates to unload force, and when the anti-wrinkling part rotates to a certain degree, the anti-wrinkling part is attached to the surface of the pipe contacting with the periphery of the end surface of the pipe, and presses the part of the surface of the pipe, which is about to receive excessive force and is wrinkled;

when the crease-resistant part contacted with the end surface of the pipe is continuously influenced by the force exerted by the telescopic part, the fixed part connected with the crease-resistant part stretches and moves under the elasticity of the limiting part, and the force is removed from the crease-resistant part;

the method comprises the steps of fixedly aligning, starting a driving part to perform telescopic movement, driving a pushing part to push an anti-collapse fixing plate to be attached to the inner wall of a pipe for fixing, and enabling through holes in the anti-collapse fixing plate to be mutually aligned with a drill bit assembly;

15. The drilling method according to claim 14, wherein in the step of crease-resist, when the crease-resist is not in contact with the tubular, the crease-resist is reset by a biasing spring connected to the fixing portion.

16. The drilling method according to claim 14, wherein in the force unloading step, when the fixing portion does not need to be moved by force unloading, the fixing portion is reset under the elasticity of the limiting portion.

17. The method of drilling of claim 14, wherein in the collapse prevention drilling step, the hollow of the collar in the drilling assembly reduces transmission of direct conduction of vibration while drilling.

18. The drilling method according to claim 14, wherein in the collapse prevention drilling step, a driving force on the drill head is transmitted to the vibration transmitting portion at first, and the vibration transmitting portion slides in the annular groove of the vibration damping portion to perform a force relief of vibration.

19. The drilling method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in the fixing alignment step, according to the size of the hole to be drilled, the power part is started to drive the inner ring to rotate so as to butt against the collapse preventing fixing plate with the through holes with different apertures, then the collapse preventing fixing plate is pushed to be in contact with the inner wall of the pipe in a separated mode to fix, and meanwhile, the restoring part is used for restoring the collapse preventing fixing plate.

20. The drilling method as claimed in claim 14, wherein in the fixing alignment step, the inner ring connected to the driving part is freely rotatable, the middle ring connected to the collapse preventing fixing plate is not easily rotated under the influence of the elastic layer, and when the pushing part pushes the collapse preventing fixing plate, the pushing part enters the middle ring to transmit the rotating force of the inner ring to the middle ring, and further drives the pipe to rotate, so that the through holes with different apertures can be automatically aligned with the drilling assembly.

21. The drilling method as claimed in claim 19, wherein in the fixed alignment step, when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate, a top piece in the inner ring, which is engaged with the main shaft of the power part, is influenced by the rotation force of the power part and is acted by an elastic part, so that the top piece is separated from the main shaft, and when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate to a specified position, the power part stops rotating, and the top piece is acted by the elastic part to be engaged with the main shaft again for positioning.

22. The drilling method according to claim 19, wherein in the step of fixing and aligning, when the power part drives the inner ring to rotate, a bearing unit is arranged between a main shaft of the power part and the inner ring to perform force unloading, so that direct transmission is avoided.