CN109999529A - 化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置 - Google Patents

化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置 Download PDF

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CN109999529A
CN109999529A CN201910325149.XA CN201910325149A CN109999529A CN 109999529 A CN109999529 A CN 109999529A CN 201910325149 A CN201910325149 A CN 201910325149A CN 109999529 A CN109999529 A CN 109999529A
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杨晓京
郝凯钟
张武
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In Keruiao Energy Polytron Technologies Inc
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    • F25JLIQUEFACTION, SOLIDIFICATION OR SEPARATION OF GASES OR GASEOUS OR LIQUEFIED GASEOUS MIXTURES BY PRESSURE AND COLD TREATMENT OR BY BRINGING THEM INTO THE SUPERCRITICAL STATE
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    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract

本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置,其中,化工尾气分离回收装置包括:换热器,与原料气输入管连接;第一气液分离器,与换热器通过管路连接;第一气液分离器的气体出口与第一膨胀机的进口通过管路连接,第一膨胀机的出口通过第一管路连接第二膨胀机的进口,第一管路经过换热器,第二膨胀机的出口连接尾气输出管。本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺包括:对原料气冷却降温;对冷却降温的原料气进行第一次气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态;对分离出气体膨胀降温降压,复温后膨胀降温降压,复温后排出。本发明的技术方案利用原料气自身的压力能,通过膨胀降温,为原料气的分离提供冷量,本发明的工艺在简化工艺流程同时,还可以降低运行成本和设备投资。

Description

化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及化工尾气的回收利用,特别是涉及一种化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置。
背景技术
目前,甲醇制烯烃技术已经实现工业化,国内有很多装置在运行,其中,烯烃分离单元是该工艺路线中的重要一环,目的在于获得聚合级的乙烯和丙烯。在前脱丙烷工艺中,脱甲烷塔是烯烃分离单元中众多分离设备之一,其作用在于实现甲烷、氢气等轻组分与C2以上组分的分离,塔底得到C2+产品送至脱乙烷塔进一步处理,塔顶得到以甲烷、氢气为主的产品,经减压、回收冷量后用作燃料气。在脱甲烷塔顶排放的气体中,依然含有较多的丙烷组分,造成资源的浪费。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种效率较高的,可以对塔顶的C2+组分进行回收的化工尾气分离回收工艺和装置。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,包括:
用于对原料气冷却降温的换热器,与原料气输入管连接;
用于对冷却降温后的原料气进行气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态的第一气液分离器,与所述换热器通过管路连接;
第一气液分离器的气体出口与用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第一膨胀机的进口通过管路连接,所述第一膨胀机的出口通过第一管路连接用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第二膨胀机的进口,第一管路经过换热器,以使所述第一管路内的气体复温后被第二膨胀机膨胀降温降压,所述第二膨胀机的出口连接尾气输出管,所述尾气输出管经过换热器,以使所述尾气输出管内的气体复温。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,第一气液分离器的液态出口与第二气液分离器的入口通过第二管路连接,所述第二管路经过换热器,以使所述第二管路内的液体复温,所述第二气液分离器的液态出口与产品输出管连接。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,所述第二气液分离器的气态出口与原料气输入管连接,以使所述第二气液分离器分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,所述第二管路上安装有增压泵,所述增压泵安装于第一气液分离器的液态出口与换热器之间。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,包括:
对原料气冷却降温;
对冷却降温的原料气进行第一次气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态;
对分离出的气体膨胀降温降压,复温后膨胀降温降压,复温后排出。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其中,还包括:
对第一次气液分离分离出的液态复温,复温后进行第二次气液分离,得到液态的产品。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其中,还包括:
使所述第二气液分离器分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
本发明的技术方案结构简单、效率较高,可以很好的对塔顶的C2+组分进行回收。本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置利用原料气自身的压力能,通过膨胀降温,为原料气的分离提供冷量,本发明的工艺在简化工艺流程同时,还可以降低运行成本和设备投资。
附图说明
图1为本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,包括:
用于对原料气冷却降温的换热器E1,与原料气输入管连接;
用于对冷却降温后的原料气进行气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态的第一气液分离器V1,与所述换热器通过管路连接;
第一气液分离器V1的气体出口与用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第一膨胀机ET1的进口通过管路连接,所述第一膨胀机的出口通过第一管路10连接用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第二膨胀机ET2的进口,第一管路10经过换热器E1,以使所述第一管路10内的气体复温后被第二膨胀机ET2膨胀降温降压,所述第二膨胀机ET2的出口连接尾气输出管,所述尾气输出管经过换热器E1,以使所述尾气输出管内的气体复温。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,第一气液分离器V1的液态出口与第二气液分离器V2的入口通过第二管路20连接,第二管路20经过换热器E1,以使第二管路20内的液体复温,第二气液分离器V2的液态出口与产品输出管连接。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,第二气液分离器V2的气态出口与原料气输入管连接,以使第二气液分离器V2分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,第二管路20上安装有增压泵P1,增压泵P1安装于第一气液分离器V1的液态出口与换热器E1之间。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,包括:
对原料气冷却降温;
对冷却降温的原料气进行第一次气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态;
对分离出的气体膨胀降温降压,复温后膨胀降温降压,复温后排出。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其中,还包括:
对第一次气液分离分离出的液态复温,复温后进行第二次气液分离,得到液态的产品。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其中,还包括:
使所述第二气液分离器分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置包括:膨胀机、换热器、分离器、泵、阀门及相关的管道。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置在工作时,来自界区的原料气进入换热器E1降温后,进入第一气液分离器V1,分离出气态和液态物料,分离出的液态物料,经泵增压,进入换热器E1复温后,进入第二气液分离器V2中,分离出的液态产品输出,气态和原料气汇合,第一分离器V1分离的气态物料进入第一膨胀机ET1,进行膨胀降温降压,经换热器E1复温后,再进入第二膨胀机ET2,进行膨胀降温降压后,经换热器E1复温后送出尾气组分。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置利用原料气自身的压力能,通过膨胀降温,为原料气的分离提供冷量。本发明的工艺在简化工艺流程同时,还可以降低运行成本和设备投资。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,换热器可以是板翅式换热器,也可以是绕管式换热器。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置,其中,膨胀机可以是透平式膨胀机、螺杆式膨胀机或活塞式膨胀机。
原料气组分中含有氮气、一氧化碳、甲烷、C2、C3、C4、C5的任意组分的组合。
C2、C3、C4、C5是指碳原子数相对应的烷烃或烯烃。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置具有能耗低、装置运行稳定的优点。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置进行尾气分离回收的实施例:
来自界区的原料气温度为40至-40℃,进入换热器E1降温至-90℃后,进入第一气液分离器V1,分离出气态和液态物料,分离出的液态物料,经增压泵P1增压,进入换热器E1复温至-60℃,进入第二气液分离器V2中,分离出的液态产品输出,气态和原料气汇合,第一气液分离器V1分离的气态物料进入第一膨胀机ET1,进行膨胀降温降压,经换热器E1复温后,再进入第二膨胀机ET2,进行膨胀降温降压后,经换热器E1复温后送出尾气组分。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置的优点是:利用原料气本身的压力能,通过膨胀降温的方式,为烃类的分离提供冷量,可以对原料气中的C2+组分进行回收,提高尾气的利用价值。
本发明的化工尾气分离回收装置进行尾气分离回收的又一实施例:
来自界区的原料气温度-38℃/压力26bar(g),进入换热器E1降温至-80℃后,进入第一气液分离器V1,分离出气态和液态物料,分离出的液态物料,经增压泵P1增压至32bar(g),进入换热器E1复温后,进入第二气液分离器V2中,分离出的液态产品输出,气态和原料气汇合,第一气液分离器V1分离的气态物料进入第一膨胀机ET1,进行膨胀降温降压,经换热器E1复温至-60℃后,再进入第二膨胀机ET2,进行膨胀降温降压后,经换热器E1复温后送出尾气组分。
以上仅是本发明的优选实施方式,应当指出,对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明原理的前提下,还可以作出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明的保护范围。

Claims (7)

1.一种化工尾气分离回收装置,其特征在于,包括:
用于对原料气冷却降温的换热器,与原料气输入管连接;
用于对冷却降温后的原料气进行气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态的第一气液分离器,与所述换热器通过管路连接;
第一气液分离器的气体出口与用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第一膨胀机的进口通过管路连接,所述第一膨胀机的出口通过第一管路连接用于对气体膨胀降温降压的第二膨胀机的进口,第一管路经过换热器,以使所述第一管路内的气体复温后被第二膨胀机膨胀降温降压,所述第二膨胀机的出口连接尾气输出管,所述尾气输出管经过换热器,以使所述尾气输出管内的气体复温。
2.如权利要求1所述的化工尾气分离回收装置,其特征在于,第一气液分离器的液态出口与第二气液分离器的入口通过第二管路连接,所述第二管路经过换热器,以使所述第二管路内的液体复温,所述第二气液分离器的液态出口与产品输出管连接。
3.如权利要求2所述的化工尾气分离回收装置,其特征在于,所述第二气液分离器的气态出口与原料气输入管连接,以使所述第二气液分离器分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
4.如权利要求3所述的化工尾气分离回收装置,其特征在于,所述第二管路上安装有增压泵,所述增压泵安装于第一气液分离器的液态出口与换热器之间。
5.一种化工尾气分离回收工艺,其特征在于,包括:
对原料气冷却降温;
对冷却降温的原料气进行第一次气液分离,使原料气分离出气态和液态;
对分离出的气体膨胀降温降压,复温后膨胀降温降压,复温后排出。
6.如权利要求5所述的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其特征在于,还包括:
对第一次气液分离分离出的液态复温,复温后进行第二次气液分离,得到液态的产品。
7.如权利要求6所述的化工尾气分离回收工艺,其特征在于,还包括:
使所述第二气液分离器分离出的气态与原料气汇合。
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