CN1099813A - 低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺 - Google Patents
低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1099813A CN1099813A CN 94105880 CN94105880A CN1099813A CN 1099813 A CN1099813 A CN 1099813A CN 94105880 CN94105880 CN 94105880 CN 94105880 A CN94105880 A CN 94105880A CN 1099813 A CN1099813 A CN 1099813A
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- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iridium atom Chemical compound [Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N Heavy water Chemical compound [2H]O[2H] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-ZSJDYOACSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明是一种低活性表面强放射源的制靶工艺,
经切割、抛光、清洗后,使用蒸发沉积法在铱粒表面镀
上TiN+TiC+TiN复合膜,并使膜与基体材料合金
化。此新工艺制做的铱源芯表面上镀的复合膜与基
体材料结合紧密,抗辐射,耐高温,低活性。照射后,
源芯表面放射性粉末脱落极少,符合医用标准。本发
明生产的铱粒成本低,质量好,经济效益、社会效益显
著。
Description
本发明属金属材料的镀覆工艺领域,具体涉及一种低活性表面强放射源的制靶工艺。
放射源治疗癌症在1901年已被人们所采用,最初用镭-226、钴-60、铯-137,把放射源放入体内进行近距离治疗,开始是由医务人员用手装源,此种方法只能操作低剂量率的放射源,对病人治疗时间长,疗效差。后来发展到由机器往病人体内装源,称其为后装源。随着科学的发展,自80年代末由荷兰核通公司推出机电一体化的后装源治疗机,其特点是由计算机控制的高智能遥控操作。用于治疗癌症的放射源可做得体积小,活度大,目前国际上通用的放射源是φ1.12×6.5mm微型源,活度高达10Ci的铱-192。
我国引进了此种治疗机,由于其使用的源半衰期只有72天,需要经常更换,但这种铱-192源,国内不能生产,需进口,且价格昂贵。此种源生产难度大,要求高。因此种源直接与治疗的脏器接触,要求生产φ1.1×6.5mm的源表面放射性核素污染小于180Bg。用传统的制靶工艺是很难达到这个要求的。使用传统工艺生产100Ci的源,照射后源芯表面放射粉末脱落高达22.5mCi,经检索与本发明最相近文献为美国专利US4497874公开了在金属钴外层镀上TiN+TiC层工艺,用于切削工具领域。日本非专利文献,公开了用于治疗肿瘤的铱-192源的生产工艺,在铱的表面镀铂层。以上文献均与本发明有本质的不同。
本发明的目的在于提供一种照射后源芯表面放射性粉末脱落极少,低活性表面强放射源的新型制靶工艺。
本发明的技术方案如下:
将直径为0.5-1mm的铱丝用线切割机切成1-5mm长度的铱粒,由于切下的铱粒切口有毛刺,再用100-400目的金钢砂加直径为5-10mm的玛瑙球在球磨机上球磨24-72小时,把毛刺磨掉,将切口磨成园形,再用100目玻璃粉抛光,清洗液清洗,酒精脱水,氟里昂中清洗。
将清洗好的铱粒装入网状镀膜装置内即大小为φ76×200mm壁上有φ0.3mm小孔的不锈钢网滚筒内,再将装有铱粒的滚筒放入镀膜机内,进行镀膜,镀膜机为日本进口IPB30/30T型蒸发镀膜机。本工艺采用蒸发沉积法进行镀膜,镀膜机内设有加热装置将Ti熔化,使其成为蒸气,铱粒以5-10转/分的速度不停的转动,当铱粒加热到450-600℃时,先在铱粒上沉积约400-600A8的Ti。钛层厚度可在镀膜机上读出。随后按常规通入N2气生成约0.5-1.5μm厚的TiN膜,再按常规通入C2H2气生成约2.5μm-3.5μm厚的TiN+TiC复合膜。再通入N2,生成3-4μm TiN+TiC+TiN复合膜,镀膜后的铱粒在300-450℃在H2气氛中退火10-7天,在TiC晶格内生成阻止铱原子扩散的阻挡层(CH4)-。膜厚度均可由镀膜机上读出。镀膜后的铱粒再按常规放入反应堆内进行照射,照射的中子通量为1×1014-1×1015n/cm2·S,照射时间为60-7天。取出放进热室分装,焊接即可。
用此新工艺制造的铱源芯,表面层合金化,且具有抗辐照,耐高温的优点,复合膜与铱基体相容性好,膜厚均匀。源芯表面低活性,生产100Ci的铱源其放射性粉末脱落只有2.95×10-3mCi,源表面擦拭剂量大大低于180Bg,完全符合标准。本发明生产的源质量好、成本低、3元/粒。对生产场地放射性污染小,国际市场上售价为2000美元/粒。
本发明制造的后装源提供给中国医学科学院肿瘤医院,解放军301医院,307医院等单位临床试用,效果良好,达到国内外同类产品水平。此种工艺经中国原子能科学研究院同位素研究所进行试用,质量完全符合要求。
本发明有如下实施例:
将φ0.7的铱丝用线切割机床切成φ0.7×4mm的铱粒,再用100目金钢砂与φ5mm玛瑙球10∶1在球磨机上球磨72小时,再用100目玻璃砂进行抛光,经清洗液清洗,酒精脱水,再用氟里昂清洗,最后将铱粒装入φ76×200mm具有φ0.3mm小孔的不锈钢网滚筒内,再将装有铱粒的滚筒放入镀膜机内进行镀膜。镀膜机内加热装置将Ti熔化,形成Ti蒸气,滚筒以5转/分速度不停地转动,当铱粒加热到450℃时,在铱粒上沉积500A0的Ti,可由镀膜机上读出。再按常规通入N2气,生成1μm厚TiN膜,再按常规通入C2H2气生成2.5μm厚TiN+TiC。再通入N2,生成3μm TiN+TiC+TiN复合膜,镀膜后的铱粒在350℃在H2气氛中退火7天,在TiC晶格内生成阻止铱原子扩散的阻挡层(CH4)-。镀膜后的铱粒按常规放入反应堆内进行照射,在重水堆中,中子通量为1×1014n/cm2·S的条件下照射60天,然后取出分装即可。铱粒源芯,经60天辐照后出堆,在做源前需要对源芯进行20分钟超声波清洗,对于100Ci的源芯进行清洗的结果表明,清洗下来的放射性只有2.95×10-3mCi。
为了模拟堆照铱粒源芯,膜与基体抗热冲击性能将镀TiN+TiC+TiN复合膜的铱粒,在空气中500℃保温退火4个月,为模拟停、开堆铱粒温度的变化,把经过500℃退火4个月的铱粒迅速取出,由500℃降到室温,然后在电子探针上放大3000倍观察,膜与基体仍然结合完好,证实用此工艺镀的膜与基体相容性好,抗热冲击。
Claims (5)
1、一种低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺,包括铱丝的切割、球磨、清洗、镀膜工序,其特征在于将铱粒装入真空镀膜机的镀膜装置内,慢速转动,采用蒸发沉积法在铱粒表面镀TiN+TiC+TiN复合膜。
2、根据权利要求1所述的低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺,其特征在于镀膜时铱粒加热的温度是450-600℃。
3、根据权利要求1所述的低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺,其特征在于铱粒被加热后先在表面沉积400-600A8的钛层,随后按常规通入N2气,生成0.5-1.5μm厚的TiN膜,再按常规通入C2H2气,生成约2.5-3.5μm厚的TiN+TiC复合膜,再通入N2,生成3-4μmTiN+TiC+TiN复合膜。
4、根据权利要求1所述的低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺,其特征在于镀膜后的铱粒在300-450℃在H2气氛中退火10-7天,在TiC晶格内生成阻止铱原子扩散的阻挡层(CH4)-
5、根据权利要求1所述的低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺,其特征在于网状镀膜装置在镀膜机内转动速度为5-10转/分。
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CN94105880A CN1040556C (zh) | 1994-06-01 | 1994-06-01 | 低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺 |
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CN94105880A CN1040556C (zh) | 1994-06-01 | 1994-06-01 | 低活性表面强放射源制靶工艺 |
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Cited By (1)
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CN106875999A (zh) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种用于辐照生产裂变99Mo的低浓铀铀箔靶件 |
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JPS61170559A (ja) * | 1985-01-21 | 1986-08-01 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | 被覆超硬合金 |
JPS61183458A (ja) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-16 | Citizen Watch Co Ltd | 黒色イオンプレ−テイング膜 |
CN1021836C (zh) * | 1991-04-20 | 1993-08-18 | 中国科学院电工研究所 | 碳氮化钛系列镀层离子镀工艺 |
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CN106875999A (zh) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-20 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种用于辐照生产裂变99Mo的低浓铀铀箔靶件 |
CN106875999B (zh) * | 2017-01-03 | 2019-01-29 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | 一种用于辐照生产裂变99Mo的低浓铀铀箔靶件 |
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