CN109975278B - Preparation method of special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers - Google Patents
Preparation method of special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers Download PDFInfo
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- CN109975278B CN109975278B CN201910158445.5A CN201910158445A CN109975278B CN 109975278 B CN109975278 B CN 109975278B CN 201910158445 A CN201910158445 A CN 201910158445A CN 109975278 B CN109975278 B CN 109975278B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N2021/775—Indicator and selective membrane
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers, which comprises the following steps: selecting inorganic acid, chlorite, an activating agent and a penetrating agent as raw materials, adding the chlorite, the activating agent and the penetrating agent into distilled water respectively to ensure that the mass percentage concentration of the chlorite, the activating agent and the penetrating agent is 1-15%, 1-10% and 1-5% w/w respectively, then adding the inorganic acid, and adjusting the pH value to be 1-3 to prepare the special reagent. The special reagent is used for identifying the plant dyed fibers and the chemical dyed fibers, has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, simple and easy identification, short time consumption, accurate result, universality and the like, and has the identification time of less than 10s for the plant dyed products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of textile industry, in particular to a preparation method of a special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers.
Background
Vegetable dyes are extracted from natural plants, and are generally used for dyeing bulk fibers and further processing the bulk fibers into textiles. In recent years, the advantages of green and safety brought by the natural property of the plant dye are advocated by manufacturers and consumers, so that the yield of plant dye products is increased year by year.
A large number of plant dyeing products are distributed on the market at present, and simultaneously meet the requirements of different consumers with chemical dyeing products. However, to date, there has been no standard method of identifying products by plant staining or chemical staining. The conditions that the quality of partial plant dyeing products in the market is disordered and partial chemical dyeing products are counterfeited plant dyeing products are caused. Directly influences the popularization of plant dyeing products and the rights and interests of consumers.
According to search, only part of individuals currently propose the identification of plant dyeing and chemical dyeing products through methods such as color fastness, acid-base and metal ion color change or color identification. However, most of the methods lack strict scientific argumentation, and more importantly, the identification results of the methods are not obvious, all colors or types cannot be identified, and the methods are not universal.
For products with the same color, plant dyeing and chemical dyeing products are difficult to distinguish in appearance; in addition, since the plant dyes and chemical dyes corresponding to different colors have different chemical compositions and different properties, it is difficult to uniformly identify the plant dyes and chemical dyes by using a uniform reagent color development method. The conventional bleaching process can be used for bleaching the dyeing products, and the bleaching time is different according to the difference of dyes and colors, so that partial plant dyeing and chemical dyeing products can be identified according to the bleaching time. However, the above technology has three technical difficulties: firstly, the conventional bleaching process has overlong bleaching time for dyeing products, generally 1 hour, and the requirement of quick identification is difficult to achieve; secondly, the conventional bleaching process can not bleach plant dyeing products with all colors, and has no universality on the identification of plant dyeing and chemical dyeing; thirdly, the bleaching speed of the conventional bleaching process for certain colors of plants is similar to that of the chemical dyeing products, namely, the two colors are simultaneously discolored or bleached, so that the conventional bleaching process has no identification capability.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems, the invention provides the preparation method of the special reagent for identifying the plant dyed fibers and the chemical dyed fibers, and the special reagent prepared by the method has the advantages of rapidness, simplicity, convenience and accuracy when being used for identifying the plant dyed fibers and the chemical dyed fibers.
The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
a preparation method of a special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers comprises the following steps: inorganic acid, chlorite, an activating agent and a penetrating agent are selected as raw materials, the chlorite, the activating agent and the penetrating agent are respectively added into distilled water at normal temperature and uniformly mixed to ensure that the mass percentage concentration is 1-10% of the chlorite, 1-10% of the activating agent and 1-5% of the penetrating agent, then the inorganic acid is added, the pH value is adjusted to be 1-3, and the special reagent is prepared.
Preferably, the inorganic acid is selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; the chlorite is selected from one or more of sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite and barium chlorite; the activating agent is selected from one or more of sodium acetate, ammonium acetate and sodium formate; the penetrant is JFC.
The special reagent has the direct effects of simple and convenient operation, simple and easy identification, short time consumption, accurate result and universality, and the identification time of plant dyeing products is less than 10 s.
For better understanding of the technical principles of the above reagents, the detailed analysis and description are as follows:
in order to solve the problem that the plant dyeing and the chemical dyeing fiber are difficult to distinguish, the invention provides the preparation of mixed inorganic acid of chlorite solution, and the preparation is the key point of the invention and plays a very key role in the final dye identification.
This is because chlorite has a bleaching effect; however, the conventional process uses chlorite and organic acid, and the configuration has low speed of releasing chlorine dioxide as an effective bleaching ingredient in the bleaching process, slow bleaching speed and difficulty in achieving the bleaching effect on a part of products with high color fastness. According to the invention, inorganic acid is used to replace organic acid, so that the generation speed of effective chlorine dioxide is greatly accelerated, and the bleaching effect is accelerated; because the dye for plant dyeing is a mixture and contains less chromophoric groups, the dye is easier to bleach under the action of a large amount of bleaching agents, the bleaching time is shorter than that of chemical dyeing, and the time shortening effect is more obvious when the dye is quickly bleached; therefore, the problems of low bleaching speed and difficulty in distinguishing the consistency of the bleaching time of plant dyeing and chemical dyeing are solved.
More importantly, the inorganic acid can elute or strip the dye on the surface of the fiber. Because the color fastness of the plant dyeing is lower than that of the chemical dyeing, most of the plant dye is stripped under the acid treatment with a certain concentration, and the bleaching speed of the plant dyed fiber is also accelerated. The chemical dye has pure chemical components, is easy to dye, has high color fastness and is not easy to strip by acid liquor, so the chemical dye has no bleaching phenomenon in a short time; therefore, the problems that part of plant dyeing is difficult to bleach and the time of plant dyeing and chemical dyeing bleaching is consistent are solved.
Further, the addition of inorganic acid tends to cause a violent reaction of the sodium chlorite solution, which is difficult to control. In order to control the reaction speed and direction, the activating agents of sodium acetate, ammonium acetate or sodium formate are added to control the reaction speed of bleaching and prevent the damage of fibers.
Furthermore, the penetrant is added to accelerate the penetration of the solution on the surface of the fiber, shorten the contact time of the bleaching solution and the dye and shorten the bleaching time, thereby solving the problem of slow bleaching speed.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme has the advantages that the inorganic acid, the activating agent and the penetrating agent are added into the sodium chlorite solution, so that the contact time of the reagent and the dye can be shortened, the reaction speed is controlled, the plant dye is selectively eluted and bleached, the method has the characteristics of simplicity and convenience in operation, simplicity and easiness in identification, short time consumption, accurate result, universality and the like, and the identification time of the plant dye is less than 10 s.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
Adding sodium chlorite, ammonium acetate and penetrant JFC into distilled water to be uniformly mixed; the sodium chlorite concentration is 15% (w/w), the activator ammonium acetate concentration is 10% (w/w), and the penetrant JFC concentration is 5% (w/w). Then adding concentrated sulfuric acid at normal temperature, adjusting the pH value to 2, completing reagent preparation, and measuring 5mL of the reagent into a 10mL beaker.
Weighing 1g of chemically dyed red fabric, quickly immersing the fabric into a beaker for 5s by using a pair of tweezers, quickly taking out the fabric, placing the fabric on a white identification plate, and analyzing and determining that the fabric is chemically dyed after 10s, wherein the experimental result is consistent with the actual situation.
Example 2
Adding sodium chlorite, an activating agent ammonium acetate and a penetrating agent JFC into distilled water to be uniformly mixed; the concentration of sodium chlorite is 10% (w/w), the addition amount of the activator ammonium acetate is 6% (w/w), and the addition amount of the penetrating agent JFC is 2% (w/w); then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid at normal temperature, adjusting the pH value to 1, completing reagent preparation, and measuring 5mL of the reagent into a 10mL beaker.
Weighing 1g of plant-dyed yellow fabric, quickly immersing the fabric into a beaker by using a pair of tweezers for 3s, quickly taking out the fabric, placing the fabric on a white identification plate, changing the fabric into white after 2s, and analyzing to determine that the fabric is the plant-dyed fabric, wherein the experimental result is consistent with the actual situation.
Example 3
Adding chlorite, activating agent and penetrating agent into distilled water to mix them uniformly; the concentration of sodium chlorite is 6% (w/w), the addition amount of ammonium acetate as an activator is 5% (w/w), and the addition amount of the penetrating agent JFC is 3% (w/w); then adding concentrated sulfuric acid at normal temperature, adjusting the pH value to 3, completing reagent preparation, and measuring 5mL of the reagent into a 10mL beaker.
Weighing 1g of plant dyed red fabric, quickly immersing the plant dyed red fabric into a beaker for 4s by using a pair of tweezers, quickly taking out the fabric, placing the beaker on a white identification plate, changing the fabric into pink after 1s, changing the fabric into white after 8s, and analyzing to determine that the fabric is the plant dyed fabric, wherein the experimental result is consistent with the actual situation.
Example 4
Adding chlorite, activating agent and penetrating agent into distilled water to mix them uniformly; the concentration of potassium chlorite is 8 percent (w/w), the concentration of activator sodium acetate is 7 percent (w/w), and the concentration of penetrating agent JFC is 2 percent (w/w); then adding concentrated sulfuric acid at normal temperature, adjusting the pH value to 1, completing reagent preparation, and measuring 5mL of the reagent into a 10mL beaker.
Weighing 1g of chemical dyed purple fabric, quickly immersing the fabric into a beaker for 3s by using a pair of tweezers, quickly taking out the fabric, placing the fabric on a white identification plate, and analyzing and determining that the fabric is the chemical dyed fabric after 10s, wherein the experimental result is consistent with the actual situation.
Example 5
Adding chlorite, activating agent and penetrating agent into distilled water to mix them uniformly; the concentration of sodium chlorite is 3% (w/w), the addition amount of the activating agent ammonium acetate is 1% (w/w), and the addition amount of the penetrating agent JFC is 1% (w/w); then adding concentrated sulfuric acid at normal temperature, adjusting the pH value to 3, completing reagent preparation, and measuring 5mL of the reagent into a 10mL beaker.
Weighing 1g of plant dyed pink fabric, quickly immersing the plant dyed pink fabric into a beaker for 3s by using a pair of tweezers, quickly taking out the fabric, placing the beaker on a white identification plate, and analyzing to determine that the fabric is the plant dyed fabric, wherein the experimental result is consistent with the actual situation.
Claims (1)
1. A preparation method of a special reagent for identifying plant dyed fibers and chemical dyed fibers is characterized by comprising the following steps: selecting inorganic acid, chlorite, an activating agent and a penetrating agent as raw materials, adding the chlorite, the activating agent and the penetrating agent into distilled water respectively to ensure that the mass percentage concentrations of the chlorite, the activating agent and the penetrating agent are respectively 1-15%, 1-10% and 1-5%, then adding the inorganic acid, and adjusting the pH value to be 1-3 to prepare a special reagent;
the inorganic acid is selected from one or more of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid; the chlorite is selected from one or more of sodium chlorite, potassium chlorite and barium chlorite; the activating agent is selected from one or more of sodium acetate, ammonium acetate and sodium formate; the penetrant is JFC.
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