CN109974411B - Drying method and energy-saving drying equipment - Google Patents
Drying method and energy-saving drying equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN109974411B CN109974411B CN201910353457.3A CN201910353457A CN109974411B CN 109974411 B CN109974411 B CN 109974411B CN 201910353457 A CN201910353457 A CN 201910353457A CN 109974411 B CN109974411 B CN 109974411B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
- F26B21/002—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure heating the drying air indirectly, i.e. using a heat exchanger
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/02—Circulating air or gases in closed cycles, e.g. wholly within the drying enclosure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses a drying method, which utilizes heated gas to dry articles, and specifically comprises the following steps: (1) Placing the articles in a preset drying area, wherein the drying area is provided with a heating gas inlet and a heating gas outlet; (2) Introducing the heating gas into the drying area from the heating gas inlet, heating the articles in the drying area, and discharging the heated gas from the heating gas outlet to the drying area, wherein the heating gas discharged from the drying area is divided into two streams; (3) One of the two heating gases is dehumidified and heated in sequence, and then is led into the drying area again; (4) And heating the other one of the two heating gases and then re-introducing the heated gas into the drying area. The low-humidity drying method has the advantages that the energy is saved obviously, the moisture in the gas in the drying area is removed secondarily, and the dehydration phenomenon of the articles to be dried in the drying area under the low-humidity environment is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of drying equipment and drying methods, and particularly relates to a drying method and energy-saving drying equipment based on the drying method.
Background
The existing drying equipment in the market generally adopts an electric heating mode to heat and dry directly, or adopts a heat pump unit, utilizes a compressor to compress refrigerant to generate heat, dries by the heat emitted after heat exchange of a condenser, and raises the temperature of a drying area so as to achieve the aim of drying objects in the drying area. However, after the air in the drying area is heated, the water content of the air is greatly increased, although the moist air in the drying area is exhausted by a sensor or a timing setting mode, and the outside air is sucked in again to exchange the dry and moist air. However, the drying method is long in time consumption and high in energy consumption, and the dried articles still contain certain moisture, so that when the articles are taken out from the drying area and placed in a normal-temperature environment after being dried, the phenomena of 'moisture regain' can occur after the temperature of the articles is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to overcome the defects in the prior art, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an energy-saving drying method with high energy efficiency, more energy saving and low humidity.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a drying method for drying an article using a heated gas, the drying method comprising the steps of:
(1) Placing the articles in a preset drying area, wherein the drying area is provided with a heating gas inlet and a heating gas outlet;
(2) Introducing the heating gas into the drying area from the heating gas inlet, heating the articles in the drying area, and discharging the heated gas from the heating gas outlet to the drying area, wherein the heating gas discharged from the drying area is divided into two streams;
(3) One of the two heating gases is dehumidified and heated and then is led into the drying area again;
(4) And heating the other one of the two heating gases and then re-introducing the heated gas into the drying area.
Preferably, in step (3), dehumidification is achieved by cooling the heated gas to be dehumidified.
More preferably, in step (3), a heat recovery device and a cooling device are provided, the heat recovery device includes a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the gas exhausted from the drying area is sequentially subjected to heat recovery and cooling by the first heat exchange channel and the cooling device of the heat recovery device, then the cooling gas exhausted from the cooling device is introduced into the second heat exchange channel, the gas in the first heat exchange channel is exhausted after heat exchange with the gas in the second heat exchange channel, and the gas exhausted from the second heat exchange channel is further heated and then introduced into the drying area.
Specifically, an air supply device is adopted to heat air to a drying area through a heating air inlet after the air is heated by a heating device, the heated air dries objects, then the heated air discharged from the drying area enters a first return air pipeline through a heating air outlet, the first return air pipeline divides the heated air into two parts, one part of the heated air is subjected to heat recovery and cooling through a first heat exchange channel of a heat recovery device and a cooling device, then cooling air discharged from the cooling device is introduced into a second heat exchange channel through a second return air pipeline, the air in the first heat exchange channel is discharged after heat exchange with the air in the second heat exchange pipeline, and the air discharged from the second heat exchange channel is introduced into the drying area after being heated through a third return air pipeline; the other heated gas directly heats and then enters the drying area.
Preferably, the heating gas in the step (3) accounts for 20% -98% of the volume of the heating gas discharged from the drying zone in the step (2).
More specifically, the drying method comprises the following steps:
(1) An air supply device is arranged, the air supply device operates, gas is sent into a heating device to be heated, and heated gas A1 is generated after the heating;
(2) The gas A1 generated in the step (1) is sent into a drying area through a heating gas inlet, the wind pressure in the drying area is increased, and after the gas A1 sent into the drying area is mixed with the original gas in the drying area, the temperature of the mixed gas in the drying area is increased, and the relative humidity is reduced;
(3) The articles to be dried in the drying area are in an environment with low relative humidity in the drying area, and the moisture of the articles in the drying area evaporates to the drying area, so that the articles are dehydrated, the relative humidity of the gas in the drying area is increased, and the gas B1 with increased relative humidity is formed;
(4) The gas B1 in the drying area in the step (3) is discharged from a heating gas outlet and enters a first return air pipeline, the heating gas discharged from the drying area is divided into two strands through the first return air pipeline, one strand of gas B11 enters a heat recovery device through a gas inlet of the heat recovery device and enters a cooling device after being discharged from a gas outlet of the heat recovery device to carry out cold and heat exchange, the temperature of the cooling device is lower, the gas B11 forms a gas C1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity after being subjected to heat exchange in the heat exchange device, the gas C1 enters a gas D1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity to a saturated state after being subjected to heat exchange with the cooling device, the gas D1 enters a recovery inlet of the heat recovery device through a second return air pipeline, the gas B11 and the gas D1 carry out cold and heat exchange in the heat recovery device, the temperature of the gas B11 is reduced, the gas C1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity is condensed into water droplets when the relative humidity of the gas C1 reaches the saturated state, and the water droplets are discharged; the heat recovery device comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, wherein gas B11 is positioned in one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel, and gas D1 is positioned in the remaining one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel; the gas B11 accounts for 20% -100% of the total volume of the gas B1 discharged from the heating gas outlet;
the other air B10 of the heating air discharged from the drying area and separated by the first return air pipeline directly enters the drying area through the air supply device;
(5) Feeding the gas C1 in the saturated state of the relative humidity in the step (4) into a cooling device from a gas outlet of the heat recovery zone for cooling, reducing the temperature of the gas C1 to obtain a gas D1 in which the temperature is reduced and the relative humidity reaches the saturated state, and condensing water vapor in part of the gas D1 into water droplets again for discharging;
(6) The gas D1 with the temperature reduced and the relative humidity in the step (4) and the step (5) enters a recovery inlet of a heat recovery device, cold and heat exchange is carried out between the gas D1 and the gas B11 in the heat recovery device, the cold of the gas D1 is transferred to the gas B11, meanwhile, the gas B11 transfers heat to the gas D1, the gas D1 is changed into the gas E1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity reduced, and the gas E1 is discharged from a recovery outlet of the heat recovery device;
(7) The gas E1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity reduced in the step (6) enters a reheating mechanism through a third return air pipeline to be heated, so that the gas F1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity further reduced is generated, the gas F1 enters an air supply device, is pressurized by the air supply device and then exchanges heat with a heating device, and is sent into a drying area after being heated again, so that the gas A1 with the temperature further increased and the relative humidity reduced is formed;
repeating the steps (1) to (7), and repeatedly completing the dehumidification process in the drying area, and rapidly dehydrating the dried objects to achieve the object of drying the objects.
An energy-saving drying device comprises a drying chamber, a heating device for heating gas to form heated gas, an air supply device for conveying the heated gas to the drying chamber, a heat recovery device for cooling the heated gas exhausted from the drying chamber and a cooling device for condensing and dehumidifying the gas, wherein the heat recovery device comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, and a drying area is arranged in the drying chamber. The energy-saving drying apparatus further includes a compressor, a refrigerant pipe, and a refrigerant operating in the refrigerant pipe.
Preferably, the first heat exchange passage has a heat recovery device gas inlet through which the heated gas discharged from the heated gas outlet enters the heat recovery device to exchange heat and a heat recovery device gas outlet through which the heat exchanged gas is discharged from the heat recovery device, and the second heat exchange passage has a heat recovery device recovery inlet through which the cooled gas cooled by the cooling device is fed into the heat recovery device to exchange heat and a heat recovery device recovery outlet through which the cooled gas cooled by the heat exchange is discharged.
More preferably, the heat recovery device comprises a heat exchange pipeline and a shell, wherein a second heat exchange channel is formed in the heat exchange pipeline, and a first heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange pipeline and the shell.
Preferably, the energy-saving drying device further comprises a first return air pipeline, and the first return air pipeline is communicated with the heating gas outlet of the drying area and the first heat exchange channel.
More preferably, the energy-saving drying apparatus further includes a third return duct for transferring the air outputted from the recovery outlet of the heat recovery device or the air outputted from the first return duct to the air supply device.
Preferably, the energy-saving drying device further comprises a second return air pipeline for conveying the cooling gas output from the cooling device to the second heat exchange channel.
In some embodiments, a gas filtering device is further disposed between the air supply device and the drying area, and the gas filtering device is arranged at an air outlet of the heating device, so as to reduce dust concentration in the drying area. And a sterilizing device is also arranged in the drying area and is usually arranged at the top position in the drying area to sterilize the articles in the drying area.
More preferably, the energy-saving drying apparatus further includes a third return duct for transferring the air outputted from the recovery outlet of the heat recovery device or the air outputted from the first return duct to the air supply device. And a reheating mechanism is arranged at one end of the third return air pipeline, which is close to the air supply device, so as to heat the air output from the heat recovery device or the air output from the first return air pipeline.
Due to the implementation of the technical scheme, the energy-saving drying equipment has the following advantages compared with the prior art: the low-humidity drying method has the characteristics of high energy efficiency, wide energy utilization range and no gas exchange between a drying area and the outside, fully utilizes the cold and the heat, adopts a heat recovery mode, and is a method for reutilizing the cold and the heat, and compared with the existing drying technology, the energy saving is more remarkable; and through the heat recovery mode, the moisture in the gas in the drying area is removed secondarily, and the circulating gas in the drying area is heated secondarily, so that the relative humidity of the gas in the drying area is obviously reduced, the dehydration phenomenon of the articles to be dried in the drying area under the low humidity environment is ensured, and the articles in the drying area are dried.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an energy-saving drying apparatus in a preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view showing the flow direction of a refrigerant in the energy saving drying apparatus according to the preferred embodiment 1 of the present invention;
in the accompanying drawings: the drying area-1, the heating device-2, the air supply device-3, the heat recovery device-4, the cooling device-5, the reheating mechanism-6, the gas filtering device-7, the sterilizing device-8, the first return air pipeline-9, the second return air pipeline-10, the third return air pipeline-11, the heating gas inlet-12, the heating gas outlet-13, the drain pipe-14, the capillary (expansion valve) -16, the compressor-19, the heat recovery device gas inlet-20, the heat recovery device recovery inlet-21, the heat recovery device gas outlet-22 and the heat recovery device recovery outlet-23.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solution of the present invention better understood by those skilled in the art, the technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, the terms "first" and "second" are used herein for convenience in distinguishing a plurality of objects, and are not limited. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, apparatus, article, or device that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or device.
Example 1 drying method
As shown in fig. 1-2, in order to dry an article by using a heating gas, a drying method of the present embodiment specifically includes:
(1) The articles are placed in a pre-set drying zone 1, the drying zone 1 having a heated gas inlet 12 and a heated gas outlet 13.
(2) The heated gas is introduced into the drying zone 1 from the heated gas inlet 12, and after the articles in the drying zone 1 are heated, the heated gas is discharged from the drying zone 1 from the heated gas outlet 13, wherein the heated gas discharged from the drying zone 1 is divided into two streams.
(3) One of the two heating gases is dehumidified and heated in sequence, and then is led into the drying area again; dehumidification is achieved by cooling the stream of heated gas. The gas to be dehumidified represents 20% to 98%, preferably 30% to 50%, more preferably 30% of the total volume of the gas output from the drying zone.
The heat recovery device 4 and the cooling device 5 are arranged, the heat recovery device 4 comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the air exhausted from the drying area 1 is sequentially subjected to heat recovery and cooling through the first heat exchange channel of the heat recovery device 4 and the cooling device 5, then cooling air exhausted from the cooling device 5 is introduced into the second heat exchange channel, air in the first heat exchange channel is exhausted after heat exchange with air in the second heat exchange channel, and air exhausted from the second heat exchange channel is further heated and then is introduced into the drying area 1.
(4) The other of the two heating gases is heated and then is led into the drying area 1 again.
Specifically, the air supply device 3 is adopted to heat the air through the heating device 2 and then convey the air to the drying area 1 through the heating air inlet 12, the heated air dries the articles and takes away moisture of the articles, then the heated air discharged from the drying area 1 enters the first return air pipeline 9 through the heating air outlet 13, the first return air pipeline 9 divides the heated air into two parts, one part of the heated air is subjected to heat recovery and cooling through the first heat exchange channel of the heat recovery device 4 and the cooling device 5, then the cooling air discharged from the cooling device 5 is introduced into the second heat exchange channel through the second return air pipeline 10, the air in the first heat exchange channel is discharged after heat exchange with the air in the second heat exchange channel, and the air discharged from the second heat exchange channel is introduced into the drying area 1 after being heated through the third return air pipeline 11; the other heated gas directly heats and enters the drying area 1.
More specifically, the drying method in this embodiment includes the following steps:
(1) An air supply device 3 is arranged, the air supply device 3 operates, gas is sent into the heating device 2 to be heated, and heated gas A1 is generated after heating;
(2) The gas A1 generated in the step (1) is sent into the drying area 1 through the heating gas inlet 12, the wind pressure in the drying area 1 is increased, and after the gas A1 sent into the drying area is mixed with the original gas in the drying area 1, the temperature of the mixed gas in the drying area 1 is increased, and the relative humidity is reduced;
(3) The articles to be dried in the drying area 1 are in an environment with low relative humidity in the drying area 1, and the moisture of the articles in the drying area 1 evaporates to the drying area 1, so that the articles are dehydrated, the relative humidity of the gas in the drying area 1 is increased, and the gas B1 with increased relative humidity is formed;
(4) The gas B1 in the drying area 1 in the step (3) is discharged from the heating gas outlet 13 and enters the first return air duct 9, the heating gas discharged from the drying area 1 is divided into two strands through the first return air duct 9, one strand of gas B11 enters the heat recovery device 1 through the heat recovery device gas inlet 20 and enters the cooling device 5 after being discharged from the heat recovery device gas outlet 22 for heat exchange, as the temperature in the cooling device 5 is lower, the gas B11 forms the gas C1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity after heat exchange in the heat exchange device 4, the gas C1 has reduced temperature and increased relative humidity after heat exchange with the cooling device 5, the gas D1 with increased relative humidity enters the heat recovery device recovery inlet 21 through the second return air duct 10, the gas B11 and the gas D1 undergo heat exchange in the heat recovery device 4, the temperature of the gas B11 is reduced to become the gas C1 with increased relative humidity, and when the relative humidity of the gas C1 reaches the saturated state, part of the water vapor in the gas C1 is condensed into water vapor through the drain pipe 14 and discharged;
the heat recovery device 4 comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, wherein the gas B11 is positioned in one channel of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel, and the gas D1 is positioned in the other channel of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel; the gas B11 accounts for 20% -98%, preferably 30% -50%, more preferably 30% of the total volume of the gas B1 discharged from the heating gas outlet;
the other air B10 of the heating air discharged from the drying area 1 and separated by the first return air pipeline directly enters the drying area 1 through the air supply device;
(5) The gas C1 in the saturated state of the relative humidity in the step (4) is sent to a cooling device 5 from a gas outlet 22 of the heat recovery device for cooling, so that the temperature of the gas C1 is reduced to become a gas D1 in which the temperature is reduced and the relative humidity reaches the saturated state, and water vapor in part of the gas D1 is condensed again to form water droplets and is discharged through a drain pipe 14;
(6) In the step (4) and the step (5), the gas D1 with reduced temperature and reduced relative humidity enters a recovery inlet 21 of the heat recovery device, cold and heat exchange is carried out between the gas D1 and the gas B11 in the heat recovery device 4, cold of the gas D1 is transferred to the gas B11, meanwhile, the gas B11 transfers heat to the gas D1, the gas D1 is changed into a gas E1 with increased temperature and reduced relative humidity, and the gas E1 is discharged from a recovery outlet 23 of the heat recovery device;
(7) The gas E1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity reduced in the step (6) enters a reheating mechanism 6 through a third return air pipeline 11 to be heated, so as to generate gas F1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity further reduced, the gas F1 enters an air supply device, is pressurized by the air supply device 3 and then exchanges heat with the heating device 2, and is sent into a drying area 1 after being heated again, so as to form gas A1 with the temperature further increased and the relative humidity reduced;
repeating the steps (1) to (7), and repeatedly completing the dehumidification process in the drying area 1, and rapidly dehydrating the dried objects to achieve the object of drying the objects.
The above process is divided into steps (1) to (7) for convenience of understanding and description, and steps (1) to (7) are performed simultaneously in the actual drying process.
Example 2 energy saving drying apparatus
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, an energy-saving drying apparatus of the present embodiment includes a drying chamber, a heating device 2 that heats gas to form heated gas, an air blowing device 3 that supplies heated gas to the drying chamber, a heat recovery device 4 that recovers heat from gas exhausted from the drying chamber, a first return air duct 9 that communicates the drying chamber and the heat recovery device 4, a cooling device 5 that condenses and dehumidifies gas, a second return air duct 10 that supplies gas output from the cooling device 5 to the heat recovery device 4, and a third return air duct 11 that supplies gas output from the heat recovery device 4 or gas output from the first return air duct 9 to the air blowing device 3. A drying area 1 is preset in the drying chamber.
The heat recovery device 4 includes a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, and in this embodiment, the heat recovery device 4 includes a heat exchange pipe and a housing, in which the second heat exchange channel is formed, and the first heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange pipe and the housing. And (3) sequentially enabling part of gas discharged from the drying area 1 to pass through a first heat exchange channel of the heat recovery device 4 and the cooling device 5 for heat recovery and cooling, then introducing cooling gas discharged from the cooling device 5 into a second heat exchange channel, discharging the gas in the first heat exchange channel after heat exchange with the gas in the second heat exchange channel, and introducing the gas discharged from the second heat exchange channel into the drying area 1 after further heating. I.e. the gas B11 is located in one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel and the gas D1 is located in the remaining one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel.
The third return air duct 11 is provided with a reheat mechanism 6 at one end thereof adjacent to the air supply device to heat the air output from the heat recovery device 4 or the air output from the first return air duct 9.
Wherein the heat recovery device 4 includes a heat recovery device gas inlet 20 for allowing the heated gas discharged from the heated gas outlet to enter the heat recovery device 4 for heat exchange, a heat recovery device gas outlet 22 for discharging the heat exchanged gas from the heat recovery device 4, and a heat recovery device recovery inlet 21 for feeding the cooled gas cooled by the cooling device 5 into the heat recovery device 4 for heat exchange, and a heat recovery device recovery outlet 23 for discharging the cooled gas subjected to heat exchange.
The air supply device in this embodiment includes an air supply device 3 and a heating device 2, and a gas filtering device 7 is further disposed between the air supply device and the drying area 1, where the gas filtering device 7 is disposed at an air outlet of the heating device 2, so as to reduce dust concentration in the drying area 1.
In this embodiment, a sterilizing device 8 is further disposed in the drying area 1, and is generally disposed at a top position in the drying area 1, so as to sterilize the articles in the drying area 1.
The respective heating parts such as the heating device 2, the reheating mechanism 6 and the cooling parts such as the cooling device 5 are sequentially transported by refrigerant pipes, and a capillary tube (expansion valve) 16 is provided on the refrigerant pipe between the reheating mechanism 6 and the cooling device 5 in this embodiment to compress the gaseous refrigerant of normal temperature and high pressure into the liquid refrigerant of normal temperature and high pressure, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1, the working direction of the gas in the energy-saving drying apparatus in this embodiment is as follows, wherein the arrow represents the direction of the gas:
(1) Starting the air supply device 3, sending the gas F1 into the heating device 2, performing heat exchange between the gas F1 and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant in the heating device 2, cooling the refrigerant by the gas F1, heating the gas F1 by the refrigerant at the same time, and forming a gas A1 with increased temperature and reduced relative humidity by the gas F1;
(2) The gas A1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity reduced generated in the step (1) is sent into the drying area 1 through the heating gas inlet 12, the wind pressure in the drying area 1 is increased, and after the gas A1 sent into the drying area 1 is mixed with the original gas in the drying area 1, the temperature of the gas in the drying area 1 is increased and the relative humidity is reduced;
(3) The articles to be dried in the drying area 1 are in a gas atmosphere with increased temperature and low relative humidity in the drying area 1, and the moisture of the articles in the drying area evaporates to the drying area 1, so that the articles are dehydrated, the relative humidity of the gas in the drying area 1 is increased, and a gas B1 with increased relative humidity is formed;
(4) The method comprises the steps that (1) gas B1 in a drying area 1 in a step (3) is discharged from a heating gas outlet 13 and enters a first return air pipeline 9, the heating gas discharged from the drying area 1 is divided into two strands through the first return air pipeline 9, one strand of gas B11 enters the heat recovery device 1 through a heat recovery device gas inlet 20, the gas B11 forms gas C1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity after heat exchange in the heat exchange device, the gas C1 enters a cooling device 5 for cold and heat exchange after exiting from a heat recovery device gas outlet 22, a refrigerant volatilizes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, absorbs a large amount of heat, the passing gas D1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity is discharged from a cooling device 5 outlet and enters a heat recovery device recovery inlet 21, and when the relative humidity of the gas D1 reaches the saturated state, water vapor in the gas D1 is condensed into water beads and discharged through a drain pipe 14; the other air B10 passes through a third return air pipeline 11, reaches an air supply device through a reheating mechanism 6, and then directly enters a drying area 1; wherein the gas entering the gas inlet 20 of the heat recovery device comprises 20% -100%, preferably 30% -50%, more preferably 30% of the total volume of gas output from the drying zone;
(5) Feeding the gas B11 in the step (3) into a gas inlet 20 of a heat recovery device, feeding the cooling gas D1 from the cooling device 5 into a recovery inlet 21 of the heat recovery device, performing heat exchange between the gas B11 and the gas D1 in the heat recovery device 4, reducing the temperature of the gas B11, enabling the gas B11 to become a gas C1 with reduced temperature and increased relative humidity, enabling the relative humidity of the gas C1 to reach a saturated state, condensing water vapor in part of the gas C1 into water droplets into a storage container or directly discharging the water droplets, and finally discharging the water droplets through a drain pipe 14;
the gas C1 is discharged from the gas outlet 22 of the heat recovery device, enters the cooling device 5, exchanges heat with the refrigerant volatilized from a liquid state to a gaseous state, the temperature of the gas C1 is further reduced, the relative humidity of the gas D1 is increased to a saturated state, and when the relative humidity of the gas D1 reaches the saturated state, water vapor in the gas D1 is condensed into water droplets to be discharged through the drain pipe 14;
(6) In the step (4) and the step (5), the gas D1 with reduced temperature and saturated relative humidity enters a recovery inlet 21 of the heat recovery device, heat exchange is carried out between the gas D1 and the gas B11 in the heat recovery device 4, cold energy of the gas D1 is transferred to the gas B11, the gas C1 with further reduced temperature and increased humidity of the gas B11 is discharged from a gas outlet 22 of the heat recovery device and enters a cooling device 5 for cooling; at the same time, the gas B11 transfers heat to the gas D1, and the gas E1 with the increased temperature and the reduced relative humidity is formed and flows out from the recovery outlet 23 of the heat recovery device;
(7) The gas E1 with the temperature increased and the relative humidity reduced in the step (6) enters the reheating mechanism 6 through the third return air pipeline 11, the gas E1 exchanges heat with the refrigerant flowing through the reheating mechanism 6, the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced, the gas E1 forms the gas F1 with the temperature increased and the humidity further reduced, the gas F1 enters the air supply device 3, the air supply device 3 pressurizes and exchanges heat with the heating device 2, and the gas F1 is sent into the drying area 1 after being reheated to form the gas A1 with the temperature further increased and the relative humidity reduced;
repeating the steps (1) to (7), and repeatedly completing the dehumidification process in the drying area, and rapidly dehydrating the objects in the drying area to achieve the object of drying the objects.
The above process is divided into steps (1) to (7) for convenience of understanding and description, and steps (1) to (7) are performed simultaneously in the actual drying process.
The heat recovery device 4 includes a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, the gas B11 is located in one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel, and the gas D1 is located in the remaining one of the first heat exchange channel or the second heat exchange channel. Namely, in the step (6), there are two ways of heat exchange between the gas B11 and the gas D1, namely, the gas B11 is outside the heat recovery device 4, the gas D1 enters the inside of the heat recovery device 4, which corresponds to the gas D1 being inside the pipeline while the gas B11 is outside the pipeline; second, gas B11 is inside the heat recovery device 4, while gas D1 enters the outside of the heat recovery device 4, corresponding to B11 being inside the pipe, while gas D1 is outside the pipe. The two methods are different, but the same effect is achieved by decreasing the temperature of the gas B11 to the gas C1 and increasing the temperature of the gas D1 to the gas E1.
The heat exchange method adopted in this embodiment is the first method described above. The heat recovery device 4 is a heat recovery device.
Example 3 working direction of refrigerant in energy-saving drying apparatus
As shown in fig. 2, the operation direction of the refrigerant in the energy-saving drying apparatus in embodiment 2 is as follows, wherein an arrow represents the direction of the refrigerant:
(1) The compressor 19 is arranged, when the compressor 19 operates, the internal refrigerant is compressed, the formed high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant is discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor 19, and the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant enters the heating device 2 through the copper pipe;
(2) The high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas F1 in the heating device 2 to dissipate heat, the gas F1 is heated into the gas A1, the gas A1 enters the drying area 1, the refrigerant with normal temperature and high pressure is discharged from the outlet of the heating device 2, and enters the reheating mechanism 6 through the copper pipe.
(3) The refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure exchanges heat with the gas E1 from the third return air duct 11 again in the reheating mechanism 6, the gas E1 is heated to form a gas F1, the gas F1 returns to the air blower, the refrigerant after heat exchange exits from the outlet of the reheating mechanism 6, and is throttled by the capillary tube (expansion valve) 16, so that the gaseous refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure is compressed into the liquid refrigerant at normal temperature and high pressure.
(6) After exiting the capillary tube (expansion valve) 16, the liquid refrigerant enters the cooling device 5, and as the volume of the cooling device 5 suddenly increases, the liquid refrigerant volatilizes into a gaseous state, absorbing a large amount of heat, and reducing the temperature of the cooling device 5. The cooling device 5 exchanges heat with the gas, and reduces and condenses the temperature of the gas passing through the cooling device 5.
(7) The gaseous refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the cooling device 5 and flows back to the air suction port of the compressor through the copper pipe to complete one cycle.
The above process is divided into steps (1) to (7) for convenience of understanding and description, and steps (1) to (7) are performed simultaneously in the actual drying process.
As can be seen from fig. 2, the flow direction of the refrigerant in the energy-saving drying apparatus in embodiment 2 is aa→ab→ac→ad→ae→af→ag→ah→ai→aa, forming one cycle.
Example 4 results and discussion
After a down jacket with the weight of 0.5 kg is thoroughly dried, the water content of the down jacket is 1 kg when the weight of the down jacket is 1.5 kg after the down jacket is washed and dried. The drying method using electric heating drying, heat pump drying and example 1 was compared as follows:
under the conditions that the ambient temperature is 20 ℃ and the relative humidity is 50% RH and the drying area is 1 cubic meter under one atmosphere, the temperature of the drying area is increased to 55 ℃, and the down jacket with the water content of 1 kilogram is dried. The required heat is as follows:
the specific heat of water is about 4200 joules/(kilogram of celsius), and when 1 kilogram of water is raised from 20 celsius to 55 celsius, the required heat is 4200 (55-20) = 147000 joules; conversion of one kilogram of water to steam requires 2360 kj= 2360000 joules. Namely, the total heat required for drying the down jackets with the water content of 1 kg is as follows: 147000+2360000= 2507000 joules.
The temperature of 1 cubic meter of gas is increased by 1 ℃ and is required to absorb 1290 joule of heat, the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, and the temperature of 1 cubic meter of gas is increased to 55 ℃ and is required to be 1290 (55-20) =45150 joules.
1. Adopting an electric heating mode to dry:
at one atmosphere, ambient temperature 20 degrees celsius, relative humidity 50% rh, a moisture content of about 7.5g in 1 kg of gas, a weight of 1.293 kg of 1 cubic meter of gas, a moisture content of 1.293 x 7.5=9.7 g in 1 cubic meter of gas, a temperature rise to 55 degrees celsius, a moisture content of about 64 g/kg at 60% rh, a moisture content of 1.293 x 64=82.75 g in 1 cubic meter of gas. 1 cubic meter of gas, 82.75-9.7= 73.05 grams of water can be absorbed when the temperature is raised to 55 degrees celsius. 1 kg of water is dried, and the drying area is required to be ventilated: 1000/73.05 =14 times, the required heat is 14×45150= 632100 joules. The electric heating and drying heat is adopted as follows: 2507000+6321000= 3139100 joules.
When electric heating is used for drying, when the power is 1kw, the generated heat per hour is 1000 x 3600=360000 joules.
Ventilation temperature rise time: 45150/3600000 x 14 = 0.18 hours.
The drying time required for 1 kg of water is: 3139100/360000=0.87 hours.
When electric heating and drying are adopted, the required theoretical time is as follows: 0.87+0.18=1.05 hours.
2. When adopting the heat pump mode to dry:
at the same power, the heat pump energy efficiency ratio is about 1:2.2, the required time is: 0.87/2.5=0.48 hours; ventilation temperature rise time: 45150/3600000 x 14 = 0.18 hours; when the heat pump is adopted for drying, the required theoretical time is as follows: 0.18+0.18=0.36 hours.
3. Oven drying by the method of example 1:
at the same power, compressor heat = compressor capacity + compressor power. The refrigerating capacity of the compressor of 1KW is about 2.2KW, the heating capacity is about 3.2KW, the circulating air quantity is about 1000 cubic meters per hour, and the dehumidifying air quantity is 300 cubic meters per hour; the gas flow rate was 300/3600=0.08 cubic meters/second.
1 cubic meter of gas is reduced by 1 ℃, 1290 joule of heat is released, and the temperature of the gas is reduced by an evaporator to be: 2200/1290 x 0.08 = 21 degrees celsius/second, the section wind speed through the evaporator is about 2.5 meters/second, the evaporator front-to-back temperature difference is: 21/2.5=8.4 degrees celsius; the heat recovery efficiency of the heat recoverer was calculated to be 80%.
When the temperature of the gas B11 is 55 degrees celsius at the beginning, the temperature of the gas D1 is: 55-21/2.5=46.6 degrees, the temperature difference between gas B11 and gas D1 is 55-46.6=8.4 degrees celsius, the heat recovery efficiency of the heat recovery device is 80%, and the temperature of gas E is: 46.6+8.4/2 x 0.8=49.96 degrees celsius, the temperature of the gas C1 is 49.96+8.4/2 x 0.8= 53.32 degrees celsius.
The apparatus continued to operate with the temperature of gas C1 being: 53.32 degrees celsius; the temperature of the gas D1 is: 53.32-8.4= 44.92 degrees celsius; the temperature of the gas E1 is: 44.92+8.4/2 x 0.8= 48.28 degrees celsius.
The apparatus was continuously operated, and the temperature of gas C1 was: 55- (55-48.28) 0.8= 49.624 degrees celsius; the temperature of the gas D1 is: 49.624-8.4= 41.224 degrees celsius; the temperature of the gas E1 is: 43.224+8.4/2 x 0.8= 46.584 degrees celsius.
The results of the drying performed by the method of example 1 are shown in the following table:
table 1 results of drying by the method in example 1
In table 1, the average value of 40 g/was used for calculation, and the dehumidification drying time was 1000/40/3600=0.007 hours. In practical use, the influence on the dehumidifying time is mainly the evaporation amount of water. When the evaporation amount of water can be reached, the water generated by evaporation can be completely discharged by adopting a dehumidification method.
As can be seen from table 1, the dehumidifying and drying method of example 1 was used in combination with the drying apparatus of example 2, which increased the water discharge rapidly and the dehumidifying and drying efficiency was high.
Table 2 is a comparison table of electrical heating, heat pump, dehumidification and drying:
table 2 results of different modes of drying against each other
As can be seen from table 2 and the above description, the dehumidifying and drying method of embodiment 1 is adopted in combination with the drying apparatus of embodiment 2, which has high dehumidifying and drying efficiency, good effect and low energy consumption.
In the conventional air conditioner, only the cold or heat generated by the compression of the refrigerant by the compressor is utilized. When refrigerating, the air conditioner external unit radiates heat, and the cold energy is used for refrigerating rooms; when the air conditioner is used for heating, the external machine emits cold energy, and the heat is used for heating the room. The method of the invention applies the existing air conditioner operation principle, fully utilizes the cold energy and heat generated when the compressor compresses the refrigerant, secondarily removes the water in the gas in the drying area in a heat recovery mode, secondarily heats the circulating gas in the drying area, obviously reduces the relative humidity of the gas in the drying area, ensures that the articles to be dried in the drying area generate dehydration (the water in the articles to be dried rapidly escapes from inside to outside) under the low humidity environment, dries the articles in the drying area, and simultaneously does not need to exchange gas to the outside, thereby achieving the purposes of reducing energy consumption and saving time.
Under the actual drying condition, the drying method and the drying equipment adopt a dehumidifying and drying method, the humidity of the articles in the drying area is greatly lower than that of the other two drying areas, and the lower the humidity of the articles in the drying area is, the faster the outward volatile water content is, so that the outward volatile water content of the articles in the drying area is obviously higher than that of the other two drying methods when the dehumidifying and drying method is adopted.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the present invention and to implement the same, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent changes or modifications made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An energy-saving drying device is characterized by comprising a drying chamber, a heating device for heating gas to form heated gas, an air supply device for conveying the heated gas to the drying chamber, a heat recovery device for cooling the heated gas discharged from the drying chamber and a cooling device for condensing and dehumidifying the gas, wherein the heat recovery device comprises a first heat exchange channel and a second heat exchange channel, a drying area is arranged in the drying chamber,
the energy-saving drying equipment further comprises a first return air pipeline, and the first return air pipeline is communicated with a heating gas outlet of the drying area and the first heat exchange channel; the energy-saving drying equipment also comprises a second return air pipeline for conveying the cooling gas output from the cooling device to the second heat exchange channel; the energy-saving drying equipment further comprises a third return air pipeline for conveying the gas output from the recovery outlet of the heat recovery device or the gas output from the first return air pipeline to the air supply device;
a reheating mechanism is arranged at one end of the third return air pipeline, which is close to the air supply device, and is used for heating the gas output from the heat recovery device or the gas output from the first return air pipeline;
the gas discharged from the drying chamber for cooling and dehumidifying accounts for 20% -98% of the total volume of the gas discharged from the drying area;
the energy-saving drying device further comprises a compressor, a refrigerant pipeline and a refrigerant running in the refrigerant pipeline;
the working trend of the refrigerant in the energy-saving drying equipment is as follows:
when the compressor is in operation, the internal refrigerant is compressed, and the refrigerant is discharged from the exhaust port of the compressor and enters the heating device; the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas in the heating device, the gas enters the drying area after being heated, and the refrigerant is discharged from an outlet of the heating device and enters the reheating mechanism; the refrigerant exchanges heat with the gas from the third return air pipeline in the reheating mechanism, heats the gas and returns the gas to the air supply device, and the refrigerant after heat exchange throttles through the expansion valve from the outlet of the reheating mechanism to compress the gaseous refrigerant into liquid refrigerant; the liquid refrigerant enters the cooling device to reduce the temperature of the cooling device; the cooling device exchanges heat with the gas, and reduces and condenses the temperature of the gas passing through the cooling device; the gaseous refrigerant flows out from the outlet of the cooling device and flows back to the air suction port of the compressor to complete one cycle.
2. The energy saving drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first heat exchanging passage has a heat recovery device gas inlet through which the heated gas discharged from the heated gas outlet enters the heat recovery device to exchange heat and a heat recovery device gas outlet through which the heat exchanged gas is discharged from the heat recovery device, and the second heat exchanging passage has a heat recovery device recovery inlet through which the cooled gas cooled by the cooling device is fed into the heat recovery device to exchange heat and a heat recovery device recovery outlet through which the cooled gas cooled by the heat exchange is discharged.
3. The energy saving drying apparatus of claim 2, wherein the heat recovery device comprises a heat exchange pipe and a housing, a second heat exchange channel is formed in the heat exchange pipe, and a first heat exchange channel is formed between the heat exchange pipe and the housing.
4. A drying method based on the energy-saving drying apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the drying method uses a heating gas to dry the article, the drying method specifically comprising the steps of:
(1) Placing the articles in a preset drying area, wherein the drying area is provided with a heating gas inlet and a heating gas outlet;
(2) Introducing the heating gas into the drying area from the heating gas inlet, heating the articles in the drying area, and discharging the heated gas from the heating gas outlet to the drying area, wherein the heating gas discharged from the drying area is divided into two streams;
(3) One of the two heating gases is dehumidified and heated and then is led into the drying area again;
(4) And heating the other one of the two heating gases and then re-introducing the heated gas into the drying area.
5. The drying method according to claim 4, wherein in the step (3), dehumidification is achieved by cooling the heated gas to be dehumidified.
6. The drying method according to claim 5, wherein in the step (3), a heat recovery device and a cooling device are provided, the heat recovery device includes a first heat exchange passage and a second heat exchange passage, the gas discharged from the drying area is sequentially subjected to heat recovery and cooling by the first heat exchange passage and the cooling device of the heat recovery device, then the cooling gas discharged from the cooling device is introduced into the second heat exchange passage, the gas in the first heat exchange passage is discharged after heat exchange with the gas in the second heat exchange passage, and the gas discharged from the second heat exchange passage is further heated and then introduced into the drying area.
7. The drying method according to claim 4, wherein the heating gas in the step (3) occupies 20 to 98% by volume of the heating gas discharged from the drying zone in the step (2).
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