CN107621129B - Drying device with external hot start and deep dehumidification - Google Patents
Drying device with external hot start and deep dehumidification Download PDFInfo
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- CN107621129B CN107621129B CN201710739150.8A CN201710739150A CN107621129B CN 107621129 B CN107621129 B CN 107621129B CN 201710739150 A CN201710739150 A CN 201710739150A CN 107621129 B CN107621129 B CN 107621129B
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Abstract
The invention provides a drying device for external hot start and deep dehumidification, which comprises a heat pump system, a drying part, a drying medium inflow channel and an outflow channel, wherein the drying medium inflow channel and the outflow channel are communicated with each other in the drying part; the drying part comprises two or more drying rooms; the heat pump system comprises at least one group of single-cooling heat pump units and at least one group of cold-hot heat pump units; the single-cooling heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and an evaporator which are connected, wherein the condensers are all arranged in a drying medium inflow channel, and at least one evaporator is arranged in a drying medium outflow channel; the cold-hot type heat pump unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second throttle valve, a second compressor and a reversing four-way valve, wherein one end of the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, the second throttle valve is connected between the two ends of the first heat exchanger, and the reversing four-way valve is connected with the other end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the second heat exchanger and the two ends of the second compressor; the first heat exchanger is located on a passage between the inflow passage and the outflow passage, and the second heat exchanger is located in the outside air.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drying heat pump design, in particular to an external hot start and deep dehumidification drying device.
Background
The heat pump is applied to the medium-low temperature drying of wet materials such as wet grains, has the characteristics of vivid energy conservation and environmental protection, and has attracted high attention in the technical field of thermal engineering and various communities. Considerable heat pump air conditioning enterprises, test water cereal heat pump drying, timber heat pump drying, agricultural product heat pump drying of tobacco leaves, chinese dates, medlar, grapes, black fungus, chinese herbal medicines and the like, food products such as rice flour, noodles, seafood, cured products and the like, and have achieved a popular performance.
However, the heat pump is used for grain drying, and has the following key technical problems:
1. the heat pump heating energy efficiency ratio is greatly reduced by preparing high-temperature air
In general, in order to improve the drying strength and the drying efficiency, the method of improving the air inlet temperature of the drying device is adopted, that is, the enthalpy value of the drying air is improved and the relative humidity of the drying air is reduced by improving the temperature of the drying air, so that the heating capacity and the moisture absorption capacity of the drying air on wet materials are improved;
however, if a heat pump is used as the heat source of the drying hot air instead of the fossil heat source such as the coal-fired hot air furnace, the method of improving the air inlet temperature of the drying device to improve the heating capacity and the moisture absorption capacity of the drying air on the wet materials is that "one thousand of the enemies are lost by eight hundred of the enemies" and even "one thousand of the enemies are lost by eight hundred of the enemies" is technically and economically inexpensible.
From the following us test reports of the heating capacity of the complan compressor at different evaporating temperatures and different condensing temperatures, the following important conclusions about the heating characteristics of the heat pump can be drawn:
(1) the heating power of the heat pump condenser is mainly determined by the evaporating temperature (evaporating pressure), and is positively related to the evaporating temperature ≡!
(2) The cycling temperature rise (condensing temperature-evaporating temperature) of the heat pump system determines the heating energy efficiency ratio and is inversely related to the heating energy efficiency ratio ≡!
In the table below, H-heating capacity, P-input power;
system supercooling degree sc=8 ℃, return air superheat degree sh=11℃
1. Heating power of heat pump condenser is positively correlated with evaporating temperature
Please see the logical relationship between condenser heating power and evaporating temperature (evaporating pressure) in the us complan ZWKSE compressor test report;
at the same condensing temperature (e.g., 65 ℃), condenser heating power varies greatly at different evaporating temperatures: the heating power is improved by about 25 percent when the evaporation temperature is increased by 10 ℃; in the heat pump system driven by the ZWKSE compressor, the heating power of the condenser at the evaporating temperature of minus 30 ℃ and the heating power of the condenser at the evaporating temperature of +15 ℃ are 4315W and 12544W respectively, and the difference is 190%.
And at the same evaporation temperature (for example, 10 ℃), the heating power of the heat pump unit at different condensation temperatures is as follows:
| condensation temperature (DEG C) | 65 | 55 | 45 | 35 | 25 |
| Heating power W | 11059 | 11183 | 11384 | 11631 | 11903 |
Under the condition of the same evaporating temperature of 10 ℃, the heating power of the heat pump unit at different condensing temperatures of 25-65 ℃ is more than 11kw, and the phase difference is less than or equal to 8% between 11-12 kw;
this illustrates: the heating power of the heat pump condenser is mainly determined by the evaporation temperature (evaporation pressure), and is positively correlated with the evaporation temperature.
2. Cycle temperature rise and heating energy efficiency ratio negative correlation of heat pump unit
Please see three typical conditions in the us complan ZWKSE compressor test report:
(1) the cycle temperature rises by 10 ℃ (condensing temperature 25 ℃ evaporating temperature 15 ℃) working condition
Under the working condition that the condensing temperature is 25 ℃ and the evaporating temperature is 15 ℃, the circulating temperature rise of the heat pump system is 10 ℃ (the condensing temperature is 25 ℃ -the evaporating temperature is 15 ℃), and the heating energy efficiency ratio (heating power/motor power) of the heat pump unit is as high as 13860W/1427W=9.7; if factors such as fan electric power are added, the heating energy efficiency ratio also reaches a level of about 7;
(2) the circulation temperature rises 60 ℃ (condensation temperature 65 ℃ and evaporation temperature 5 ℃) working condition
Under the working condition that the condensation temperature is 65 ℃ and the evaporation temperature is 5 ℃, the circulation temperature rise is 60 ℃, the heating energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump unit is reduced to 9774W/3187 W=3.1, the 3187W is only the electric power of the compressor, and if the electric power of the fan is added, the evaporator is not heated by the inverse transformation frost system, and the like, the whole heating energy efficiency ratio is reduced to a level close to 2;
(3) the circulation temperature rises to 95 ℃ (condensing temperature 65 ℃ evaporating temperature-30 ℃) working condition
Under the working conditions that the condensation temperature is 65 ℃ and the evaporation temperature is minus 30 ℃, the circulation temperature rise reaches 95 ℃, the heating energy efficiency ratio of the heat pump unit is only 4315W/2853 W=1.52, the 2853W is only the electric power of the compressor, if the fan electric power is added, the evaporator reverse defrosting system does not heat, and the like, the whole heating energy efficiency ratio is reduced to a level close to 1, and the energy saving characteristic of the heat pump is lost.
The above-mentioned us complan ZWKSE compressor test report shows that:
the heat pump heating energy efficiency ratio is in negative correlation with the circulating temperature rise (condensation temperature-evaporation temperature) of the heat pump system; the lower the circulation temperature rise, the higher the heating energy efficiency ratio; the higher the circulation temperature rise is, the lower the heating energy efficiency ratio is, and the heating energy efficiency ratio is reduced by about 20 percent when the circulation temperature rise is enlarged by 10 ℃; when the circulation temperature rise reaches more than 60 ℃, the economy of the heat pump unit is poor.
2. Air outlet dust emission of drying device pollutes atmospheric environment
In the drying process, the grain wool, gu Yi and soil dust carried and wrapped by the grains are removed from water by the hot air in the drying device, become light and loose, are separated from the grain main body in a random way, and are discharged into the atmosphere along with the air outlet of the drying device, so that the grain wool, gu Yi and soil dust become an important source of atmospheric pollutants.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems of a drying system in the prior art, the invention provides an external hot start and deep dehumidification drying device, which comprises a heat pump system, a drying part, a drying medium inflow channel and an outflow channel, wherein the drying medium inflow channel and the outflow channel are communicated with each other, and the input end of the inflow channel is communicated with the output end of the outflow channel to form a loop for circulating the drying medium; the drying part comprises two or more drying rooms;
the heat pump system comprises at least one group of single-cooling heat pump units and at least one group of cold-hot heat pump units;
the single-cooling heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and an evaporator which are connected, wherein the condensers are all arranged in the drying medium inflow channel, and at least one evaporator is arranged in the outflow channel;
the cold-warm type heat pump unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second throttle valve, a second compressor and a reversing four-way valve, wherein one end of the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, the second throttle valve is connected between the two ends of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and the reversing four-way valve is connected with the other end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the second heat exchanger and the two ends of the second compressor; the first heat exchanger is located on a passage between the inflow passage and the outflow passage, and the second heat exchanger is located in the outside air.
Preferably, the first heat exchanger is located on the air intake side of the condenser remote from the drying section.
Preferably, two or more than two drying compartments are connected in parallel, the output end of the inflow channel is connected with a distributing pipe, and the drying medium output by the inflow channel flows to each drying compartment through the distributing pipe;
two or more drying rooms are also connected with the input end of the outflow channel through a collecting pipe, and the drying medium flowing out of each drying room flows into the outflow channel through the collecting pipe.
Preferably, the heat pump system comprises two or more sets of single-cooling heat pump units; all condensers in the single-cooling heat pump unit are sequentially arranged from the inlet of the inflow channel to the drying room, and each set of corresponding evaporators positioned in the outflow channel are sequentially arranged from the outlet of the outflow channel to the drying room.
Preferably, the heat pump system at least comprises three sets of heat pump units, wherein at least two sets of evaporators of the heat pump units are positioned in the drying medium outflow channel, and at least one set of evaporators of the heat pump units are positioned in the atmosphere outside the drying medium outflow channel.
Preferably, the positions of the condensers to the drying rooms are in a far-near order which is consistent with the positions of the evaporators of the corresponding groups to the drying rooms.
Preferably, the drying medium is a medium which bears heat and can directly or indirectly heat the wet material to promote the evaporation of moisture in the wet material, and the drying medium adopts air, nitrogen, carbon dioxide or the like.
The drying device for external hot start and deep dehumidification provided by the invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art due to the adoption of the technical scheme:
1. according to the invention, by arranging the cold-hot type heat pump unit with the four-way valve, when the drying system is started, the four-way valve is adjusted, so that the built-in first heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and the external second heat exchanger is used as an evaporator; the second heat exchanger arranged in the ambient air absorbs heat of the external ambient air, the heat is injected into the first heat exchanger arranged in the drying system through the heat pump, and total heat formed by the heat absorbed by the external second heat exchanger and compression work of the second compressor is released to the air in the drying system, so that the heat load of the drying system is rapidly improved, and the starting process is accelerated;
2. according to the invention, the cold-hot type heat pump unit with the four-way valve is arranged, and in the drying operation process, the four-way valve is adjusted, so that the built-in first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and the external second heat exchanger is used as a condenser; the second heat exchanger cools and dehumidifies the low-temperature saturated air after the evaporator group of the single-cooling heat pump unit again, absorbs condensation heat of water vapor and a small amount of sensible heat of air, and then the low-temperature saturated air is injected into the external first heat exchanger to discharge heat (mainly the condensation heat of the water vapor in the low-temperature saturated air) in the drying system to the outside of the drying device, so that the absolute moisture content of the inlet air of the condenser group in the drying system is greatly reduced, and the drying capacity and moisture carrying capacity of the circulating air in the drying system are improved;
3. the invention adopts the single-cooling heat pump unit module for recovering heat in steps and heating dry air in steps, thereby greatly reducing the circulation temperature rise, pressure difference and compression ratio between the condenser and the evaporator of each set of single-cooling heat pump unit, greatly improving the heating power and heating energy efficiency ratio of each set of heat pump system, and greatly improving the heating power and heating energy efficiency ratio of the whole machine;
4. the invention adopts the dry air flow closed cycle, in the operation, the condensed water film on the fins of the single-cooling heat pump unit and the first heat exchanger with the four-way valve of the cold-warm heat pump unit adsorbs and dissolves dust in the air outlet of the drying device, the dust is discharged into a sewer after being mixed with the condensed water, and the influence of the dust-containing air outlet of the drying device on the environment atmosphere is thoroughly solved;
5. the invention comprises two or more than two drying rooms which are connected in parallel, realizes the operation mode of dragging a plurality of drying rooms simultaneously by one large heat pump unit, is matched with the development trend of commercialization of material drying industrialization and large-scale automation of a dryer, greatly saves the settings of a fan, an electric cabinet, dust removal filtering equipment and the like relative to the mode of dragging one drying room, and improves the operation efficiency of the equipment while reducing the investment.
Drawings
The above and other features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drying device with hot start and deep dehumidification in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying device for external hot start and deep dehumidification in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a drying room in a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying trolley in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a tray in a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a drying device with external hot start and deep dehumidification according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of three drying rooms according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings showing embodiments of the invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art. In the drawings, the size and relative sizes of layers and regions may be exaggerated for clarity.
The invention provides a drying device with external hot start and deep dehumidification, which comprises a heat pump system, a drying part, an inflow channel and an outflow channel, wherein the inflow channel and the outflow channel are communicated with the drying part; the drying part comprises two or more drying rooms; the heat pump system comprises at least one group of single-cooling heat pump units and at least one group of cold-hot heat pump units; the single-cooling heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and an evaporator which are connected, wherein the condensers are all arranged in the inflow channel, and at least one evaporator is arranged in the outflow channel; the cold-hot type heat pump unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second throttle valve, a second compressor and a reversing four-way valve, wherein one end of the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, the second throttle valve is connected between the two ends of the first heat exchanger, and the reversing four-way valve is connected with the other end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the second heat exchanger and the two ends of the second compressor; the first heat exchanger is located on a passage between the inflow passage and the outflow passage, and the second heat exchanger is located in the outside air.
Further, the heat pump system comprises two or more sets of single-cooling heat pump units; all condensers in the single-cooling heat pump unit are sequentially arranged from inlets of the self-flowing channels to the drying room, and all corresponding evaporators in the outflow channels are sequentially arranged from outlets of the outflow channels to the drying room. Preferably, the order of the positions from each condenser to the drying room is consistent with the order of the positions from the corresponding group of evaporators to the drying room.
The number of the drying rooms can be adjusted according to specific conditions, and can be only two, or 3, 4, 5 and 6 … …, wherein the number is not limited, and a plurality of drying rooms are in parallel connection. The specific structure of the drying room is not limited, and the drying room may be adjusted according to the object to be dried, and may be, for example, a drying tower, a drying house, or the like.
The number of the heat pump units included in the heat pump system can be adjusted according to specific situations, and the heat pump system is not limited herein.
The working principle of the drying device is as follows:
1. principle of drying
The medium for drying enters the inflow channel, flows through the condenser group and is heated step by step to be a medium for high-temperature drying, then is injected into each drying room of the drying part, performs wet heat exchange with the dried object in the drying room, cools down and emits sensible heat, pushes the water in the dried object to evaporate and vaporize, mixes into a warm and wet medium, and is discharged from each drying room; the warm and wet mediums discharged from each drying room are combined and discharged into an outflow channel, and pass through an evaporator group to be subjected to stepped cooling to release sensible heat, and the moisture is deeply dehumidified and filtered to form a low-temperature saturated medium; the low-temperature saturated medium discharged from the outflow channel is conveyed into the inflow channel, and is heated by the condenser group to form a medium with high-temperature drying, the drying and moisture absorption capacity is regenerated, and the next cycle is started; and the process is repeated in a circulating way until the dried object is dried.
2. Working principle of heat pump system
(1) External hot start procedure
When the drying device is started, the cold-warm type heat pump unit is set to be in a heating mode through adjusting the reversing four-way valve, namely, the first heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and the second heat exchanger is used as an evaporator; the heat of the external ambient air is absorbed by the second heat exchanger arranged outside the ambient air, the heat is injected into the first heat exchanger arranged inside the drying system through the heat pump, and the total heat formed by the heat absorbed by the second heat exchanger and the compression work of the second compressor is released to the air inside the drying system, so that the heat load of the drying system is quickly increased to accelerate the starting process;
when the drying device is started, the temperature of a drying medium and a dried object in the drying device is not greatly different from the temperature of ambient air, so that the cold-warm type heat pump system with the four-way valve absorbs the heat of the ambient air to heat the air and materials in the drying system, namely, when an external hot start task is executed, the circulation temperature rise of the heat pump system is small, and the heating energy efficiency is high;
(2) Deep dehumidification process
After the drying device is started and enters into operation, as the drying system has higher heat load, and the first compressor power of the single-cold heat pump unit is used as 'net power', continuous energy injection is formed for the closed-loop circulation drying system, and the temperature inside the drying system slowly climbs;
at the moment, the cold-warm type heat pump unit is set into a refrigeration mode, namely the first heat exchanger is used as an evaporator, and the second heat exchanger is used as a condenser; after the evaporator group of the single-cooling heat pump unit for carrying out heat cascade recovery on the internal circulation drying air flow, the low-temperature saturated air after the evaporator group of the single-cooling heat pump unit is cooled and dehumidified again through a first heat exchanger (at the moment, the evaporator group is used as an evaporator), the condensation heat of water vapor and a small amount of sensible heat of the air are absorbed, and then the external second heat exchanger (at the moment, the external second heat exchanger is used as a condenser) is used for discharging the heat (mainly the condensation heat of the water vapor in the low-temperature saturated air) in the drying system to the outside of the drying system, so that the absolute moisture content of the air in the agricultural product drying system is further reduced, and the drying capacity and the moisture carrying capacity of the internal circulation air of the drying system are improved;
the low-temperature saturated air behind the evaporator group of the single-cooling heat pump unit for heat cascade recovery in the drying system has the relative humidity of 100% or nearly 100%, so that the enthalpy value of the low-temperature saturated air is still higher, and is close to or even slightly higher than that of the ambient air with the relative humidity of about 50%; therefore, the four-way valve cooling and heating type heat pump working between low-temperature saturated air and ambient air in the drying system has the advantages of higher evaporation temperature, lower circulating temperature rise, higher heat absorption power and higher heating energy efficiency.
The drying device for external hot start and deep dehumidification provided by the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the cold-hot type heat pump unit with the reversing four-way valve, the functions of external hot start and deep dehumidification are realized, the start process is accelerated, and the drying capacity is improved;
2. the invention adopts the dry air flow closed cycle, the condensed water film on the fins of the single-cooling heat pump unit and the first heat exchanger with the four-way valve of the cold-hot heat pump unit adsorbs and dissolves dust in the air outlet of the drying device, the dust is discharged into a sewer after being mixed with the condensed water, and the influence of dust-containing air outlet of the drying device on the environment atmosphere is thoroughly solved;
3. the invention comprises two or more than two drying rooms which are connected in parallel, realizes the operation mode of dragging a plurality of drying rooms simultaneously by one large heat pump unit, is matched with the development trend of commercialization of material drying industrialization and large-scale automation of a dryer, greatly saves the settings of a fan, an electric cabinet, dust removal filtering equipment and the like relative to the mode of dragging one drying room, and improves the operation efficiency of the equipment while reducing investment;
4. the invention adopts the single-cooling heat pump unit module for recovering heat in steps and heating dry air in steps, thereby greatly reducing the circulation temperature rise, pressure difference and compression ratio between the condenser and the evaporator of each set of single-cooling heat pump unit, and greatly improving the heating power and heating energy efficiency ratio of each set of heat pump system, thereby greatly improving the heating power and heating energy efficiency ratio of the whole machine.
The following is a further description of specific embodiments:
example 1
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the drying section includes five drying rooms (3 a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3 e), the five drying rooms (3 a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3 e) are connected in parallel, an input end is connected to an output end of the inflow channel 1, and an output end is connected to an input end of the outflow channel 2. Specifically, the output end of the inflow channel 1 is connected with a distribution pipe 8, and the drying medium output by the inflow channel 1 flows into five parallel drying chambers (3 a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3 e) through the distribution pipe 8; the outputs of the five drying chambers (3 a, 3b, 3c, 3d, 3 e) are connected to a collecting pipe 9, and the medium discharged from the five drying chambers is collected in the collecting pipe 9 and is conveyed from the collecting pipe 9 into the outflow channel 2.
Of course, in other embodiments, only two or three drying rooms may be provided, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the drying room is a drying tower structure, and is mainly used for drying grains, and a lifter is disposed on the right side of the drying room to continuously convey the dried material at the bottom of the drying tower to the top of the drying tower, so that the dried material slowly moves downwards from the top of the drying tower to the bottom of the drying tower, and the drying is repeated until the dried material is dried. Wherein, the drying tower is internally provided with a drying section, and a drying medium horizontally passes through the drying section to dry the dried object passing through the drying section.
Of course, in other embodiments, the drying room may have other structures, which are not limited herein.
In the present embodiment, air or a drying medium is used as the drying medium, which is not limited herein.
In this embodiment, the heat pump system includes three groups of heat pump units of a single-cooling type, each group of heat pump units includes a condenser (4 a, 4b, 4 c), an evaporator (5 a, 5b, 5 c), a first compressor (7 a, 7b, 7 c) and a first throttle valve (6 a, 6b, 6 c), pipes in the condenser and the evaporator are connected to each other and form a circulation passage through which a refrigerant flows with the first compressor, the refrigerant flows through the pipes in the condenser and the evaporator in order from the first compressor, and the first throttle valve is disposed on the pipe between the condenser and the evaporator. The pressurized high-temperature refrigerant gas from the first compressor flows through a pipeline of the condenser to realize heat release and temperature reduction, the high-temperature refrigerant gas is condensed and liquefied to be reduced in pressure through the first throttle valve, the low-pressure refrigerant liquid is input into a pipeline of the evaporator, and the low-pressure refrigerant gas is evaporated by absorbing heat; the first compressor pressurizes the low pressure refrigerant gas from the evaporator and delivers it to the condenser to form a complete refrigerant cycle.
In the present embodiment, the condensers 4a, 4b, 4c of the three sets of single cold-heat pump units are all disposed in the inflow passage 1, and the evaporators 5a, 5b, 5c are all disposed in the outflow passage 2. Wherein, the 4a, 4b, 4c in the three groups of heat pump units are sequentially arranged from the inlet side of the flowing channel 1 to the side of the drying part (namely, 4 a- & gt4b- & gt4c), and simultaneously, the corresponding evaporators 5a, 5b, 5c in each group are sequentially arranged from the output end of the flowing channel 2 to the side of the drying chamber 3 (namely, 5 a- & gt5b- & gt5c). The condensers 4a, 4b, 4c are spaced apart by a certain distance, and the evaporators 5a, 5b, 5c are also spaced apart by a certain distance; preferably, the positions of the condensers from the drying room are in the same order as the positions of the evaporators from the corresponding group from the drying room.
The object to be dried is placed in the drying chamber and the drying medium is introduced into the inflow channel 1 by the fans 10, 11. After entering the inflow channel 1, the drying medium sequentially passes through the condensers 4a, 4b and 4c to absorb heat released by condensing the refrigerant gas in the condensers, and the drying medium is heated into high-temperature air in a cascade manner; the high-temperature air is input into the drying room to exchange heat and humidity with the dried object in the drying room; the wet drying medium after drying the dried object is output into the outflow channel 2; after entering the outflow channel 2, the wet drying medium sequentially flows through the evaporators 5c, 5b and 5a, and exchanges heat with refrigerant liquid in the evaporators, the wet drying medium gives off heat, the evaporators 5c, 5b and 5a realize waste heat step recovery, and when the wet drying medium passes through the evaporators 5c, 5b and 5a, the temperature is reduced, the condensation and the water precipitation are carried out; the low-temperature saturated drying medium filtered out of the water is sent into the inflow channel 1 again under the action of the fan, and the drying is continued until the drying is completed.
Of course, in other embodiments, the heat pump system may also include one or two or four heat pump units, etc., without limitation, and the evaporator unit may not be located entirely in the outflow channel, or only one evaporator may be located in the outflow channel 2, without limitation.
In this embodiment, the heat pump system includes a group of cold-hot heat pump units, where the cold-hot heat pump units include a first heat exchanger 4d, a second heat exchanger 5d, a second throttle valve 6d, a second compressor 7d, and a reversing four-way valve 12, where the first heat exchanger 4d, the second throttle valve 6d, the second heat exchanger 5d, and the reversing four-way valve 12 are sequentially connected to form a loop, and two ends of the second compressor 7d are also connected to the reversing four-way valve 12; wherein the built-in first heat exchanger 4d is located on the inlet side of the condenser remote from the drying section, i.e. on the right side of the condenser 4a, as shown in fig. 1.
Further, a fan is additionally arranged at one side of the second heat exchanger 5d in the external environment, so as to accelerate the air flowing through the second heat exchanger 5d.
Of course, in other embodiments, two or more sets of cooling and heating heat pump units may be included, and the adjustment may be performed according to specific situations, which is not limited herein.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, this embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the drying device includes three drying chambers 18, and the three drying chambers 18 are connected in parallel.
In this embodiment, the drying room is a drying room for drying fructus Lycii, fructus Vitis Viniferae, fructus Jujubae, capsici, etc.
In particular, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, a plurality of drying trolleys 19 are arranged inside the drying room; each drying trolley 19 is divided into two layers of drying spaces 1901 and 1902 downwards, and the drying spaces 1901 and 1902 are left and right open, so that the drying spaces 1901 and 1902 form a channel through which a drying medium can flow; a plurality of trays 20 are arranged in the drying spaces (1901, 1902), the trays 20 are horizontally arranged, the installation is realized through a bracket 1903 on the inner side wall of the drying space, and the trays 20 are sequentially arranged at intervals from top to bottom; wherein, the bottom of the tray 20 is a screen structure, which is convenient for air circulation between adjacent trays 20, thereby improving drying effect.
Uniformly spreading the dried objects (medlar, grape, jujube, capsicum, etc.) on a tray 20, and then inserting the tray 20 into the upper and lower drying spaces of a drying trolley 19; pushing a plurality of drying trolleys 19 into the drying room, arranging the drying trolleys 19 in a row from left to right and being close to each other, wherein an upper channel 1801 for a drying medium to flow through is formed by an upper drying space 1901 of the drying trolleys, and a lower channel 1802 for the drying medium to flow through is formed by a lower drying space 1902 of the drying trolleys;
an inlet 1903 and an outlet 1804 are arranged on one side of the drying room up and down, high-temperature drying medium from a distributing pipe 8 enters the upper channel 1801 from the inlet 1803, and the drying medium passes through the dried objects placed on the upper layer of the trolley in sequence from right to left; after flowing to the other side of the drying room, the drying medium turns into the lower channel 1802, and then passes through the objects to be dried placed under the trolley from left to right in sequence, and finally is discharged from the outlet 1804. The drying medium continuously cools and releases heat during traveling, the moisture of the dried object is propelled to evaporate into steam, and the steam is mixed with the drying medium and finally discharged from the outlet 1804 into the collecting pipe 9.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 6 to 7, this embodiment is a modification of embodiment 1.
In this embodiment, the drying device includes three drying chambers 21, and the three drying chambers 21 are connected in parallel.
In this embodiment, the drying room is a tobacco flue-curing house for drying tobacco and other products.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, the tobacco flue-curing house includes an upper air bag 2101, a tobacco suspending space 2105 and a lower air bag 2102 which are sequentially arranged up and down; an inlet 2103 is arranged on one side of the upper air bag 2101, an outlet 2104 is arranged on one side of the lower air bag 2102, and the inlet 2103 and the outlet 2104 are positioned on the same side; at least one tobacco leaf layer is suspended in the tobacco leaf suspension space 2105, for example three tobacco leaf layers are arranged as shown in fig. 7.
The tobacco leaf drying process is as follows:
the medium dried at high temperature from the distributing pipe 8 enters an upper air bag 2101 above tobacco leaves from an air inlet 2103 at the upper right side of the tobacco curing house, is diffused and decelerated, a dynamic pressure head is converted into a static pressure head, the drying medium is pushed to flow through 3 tobacco leaf layers from top to bottom, the temperature is reduced and the heat is released, the moisture of the tobacco leaves is enabled to absorb heat and evaporate into water vapor, the water vapor is mixed with the medium to become a warm and wet medium to enter a lower air bag 2102 below the tobacco leaves, and the warm and wet medium is discharged into a collecting pipe 9 from an air outlet 2104 at the lower right side of the tobacco curing house after the lower air bag 2102 is converged.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention can be embodied in many other specific forms without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Although embodiments of the present invention have been described, it is to be understood that the present invention should not be limited to those embodiments, but that variations and modifications can be made by one skilled in the art within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. The drying device is characterized by comprising a heat pump system, a drying part, a drying medium inflow channel and an outflow channel, wherein the drying medium inflow channel and the outflow channel are communicated with the drying part, and the input end of the inflow channel is communicated with the output end of the outflow channel to form a loop for circulating the drying medium; the drying part comprises two or more drying rooms;
the heat pump system comprises at least one group of single-cooling heat pump units and at least one group of cold-hot heat pump units;
the single-cooling heat pump unit comprises a first compressor, a condenser, a first throttle valve and an evaporator which are connected, wherein the condensers are all arranged in the inflow channel, and at least one evaporator is arranged in the outflow channel;
the cold-warm type heat pump unit comprises a first heat exchanger, a second throttle valve, a second compressor and a reversing four-way valve, wherein one end of the first heat exchanger is connected with one end of the second heat exchanger, the second throttle valve is connected between the two ends of the first heat exchanger and the second heat exchanger, and the reversing four-way valve is connected with the other end of the first heat exchanger, the other end of the second heat exchanger and the two ends of the second compressor; the first heat exchanger is positioned on a channel between the inflow channel and the outflow channel, and the second heat exchanger is positioned in the outside air;
two or more than two drying rooms are connected in parallel, the output end of the inflow channel is connected with a distributing pipe, and the drying medium output by the inflow channel flows to each drying room through the distributing pipe; two or more drying rooms are also connected with the input end of the outflow channel through a collecting pipe, and the drying medium flowing out of each drying room flows into the outflow channel through the collecting pipe;
when the reversing four-way valve is started, the built-in first heat exchanger is used as a condenser, and the external second heat exchanger is used as an evaporator; the second heat exchanger arranged in the ambient air absorbs heat of the external ambient air, the heat absorbed by the external second heat exchanger is injected into the first heat exchanger arranged in the internal heat exchanger through the second compressor, and total heat formed by adding compression work of the second compressor to the heat absorbed by the external second heat exchanger is released to a channel between the inflow channel and the outflow channel, so that the heat load of the drying device is rapidly increased, and the starting process is accelerated;
the drying room is a tobacco flue-curing house;
the tobacco flue-curing house comprises an upper air bag, a tobacco leaf hanging space and a lower air bag which are sequentially arranged up and down; an air inlet is arranged on one side of the upper wind bag, the air inlet is communicated with the output end of the distributing pipe, an air outlet is arranged on one side of the lower wind bag, the air outlet is communicated with the input end of the collecting pipe, and the air inlet and the air outlet are positioned on the same side; at least one tobacco leaf layer is hung in the tobacco leaf hanging space;
the medium from the distributing pipe for high temperature drying enters the upper wind bag above the tobacco leaves from the air inlet of the tobacco flue-curing house, and is diffused, decelerated, converted into a static pressure head by the dynamic pressure head, the drying medium is pushed to flow through the tobacco leaf layer from top to bottom, the temperature is reduced and released, the moisture of the tobacco leaves is enabled to absorb heat and evaporate into water vapor, the water vapor and the medium are mixed into a warm and wet medium to enter the lower wind bag below the tobacco leaves, and the warm and wet medium is discharged into the collecting pipe from the air outlet of the tobacco flue-curing house after the lower wind bag is converged.
2. The external hot start and deep dehumidification drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first heat exchanger is located on an air intake side of the condenser remote from the drying portion.
3. The drying device for external hot start and deep dehumidification according to claim 1, wherein the heat pump system comprises two or more sets of single-cooling heat pump units; all condensers in the single-cooling heat pump unit are sequentially arranged from the inlet of the inflow channel to the drying room, and each set of corresponding evaporators positioned in the outflow channel are sequentially arranged from the outlet of the outflow channel to the drying room.
4. The external hot start and deep dehumidification drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heat pump system comprises at least three heat pump units, wherein at least two evaporators of the heat pump units are located in the drying medium outflow channel, and at least one evaporator of the heat pump units is located in an atmosphere outside the drying medium outflow channel.
5. The apparatus according to claim 1, 3 or 4, wherein the order of the positions of the condensers to the drying room is the same as the order of the positions of the evaporators to the drying room.
6. The external hot start and deep dehumidification drying apparatus of claim 1, wherein the drying medium is a medium which carries heat and transfers heat to directly or indirectly heat the wet material to drive the moisture in the wet material to evaporate, and the drying medium is air or nitrogen or carbon dioxide or other inert gases.
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| CN110762963B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2024-05-14 | 吴斌 | Closed normal temperature drying equipment |
| CN111637624B (en) * | 2020-05-15 | 2024-07-02 | 苏州苏净安发环境科技有限公司 | Low-temperature cereal heat pump air heater |
| CN112325395B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2021-08-10 | 重庆阿泰可科技股份有限公司 | Air duct structure for manufacturing low dew point air |
| CN114152069A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-08 | 北京中科草牧科技发展有限公司 | Bale drying system and method based on multi-stage heat pump heating |
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