CN109972252A - Production method of high-count pure cotton yarn - Google Patents
Production method of high-count pure cotton yarn Download PDFInfo
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- CN109972252A CN109972252A CN201910322628.6A CN201910322628A CN109972252A CN 109972252 A CN109972252 A CN 109972252A CN 201910322628 A CN201910322628 A CN 201910322628A CN 109972252 A CN109972252 A CN 109972252A
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- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 185
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 176
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 238000009960 carding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 240000000047 Gossypium barbadense Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000009429 Gossypium barbadense Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000144992 flock Species 0.000 claims 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims 3
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- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 241000108463 Hygrophila <snail> Species 0.000 claims 1
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004049 embossing Methods 0.000 claims 1
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- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 241000347389 Serranus cabrilla Species 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 206010020112 Hirsutism Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
- D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
- D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
- D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
- D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
- D02G3/042—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials all components being made from natural material
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
- D10B2201/02—Cotton
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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Abstract
本发明公开了高支纯棉纱生产方法,所述方法采用平均品级3.46、平均长度36.75mm的长绒棉,且在清梳联四抓上完成清花;采用平均品级31、平均长度28.96mm的细绒棉,且在清梳联二抓上完成清花,两者分别经过预并后,于条并卷联合机上进行混合,而后共同经精梳、并条、粗纱、细纱制得定量为0.89g/100m的高支细纱。本发明所述生产方法节约生产成本、提高成纱质量。The invention discloses a method for producing high-count pure cotton yarn. The method adopts long-staple cotton with an average grade of 3.46 and an average length of 36.75mm, and the blowing is completed on the four-hand cleaning and carding unit; the method adopts an average grade of 31 and an average length of 28.96mm. The fine-staple cotton is finished, and the cleaning is completed on the second brushing and carding unit. After the two are pre-combined, they are mixed on the sliver and spooling unit, and then they are combed, drawn, roving and spun together to obtain a quantitative ratio of 0.89g/100m fine spun yarn. The production method of the invention saves the production cost and improves the yarn quality.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于纺织技术领域,涉及一种新型纱线的纺织工艺,具体为高支纯棉纱生产方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of textiles, and relates to a new type of yarn weaving process, in particular to a method for producing high-count pure cotton yarn.
背景技术Background technique
随着社会经济的发展,人民生活水平不断提高,对于服饰用纺织品,除了追求穿着舒适度,还越来越关注其时尚性和功能性,追求独特的风格和各种各样的功能,如抗菌、防静电等功能。为了满足消费者的这一需求,不断开拓新式纱线和面料成为纺织行业的重要任务。随着科学技术的发展,纺织市场竞争越来越激烈,各个厂家为了追求利润的最大化,不断向高档次、高品位、好的技术含量、高附加值方向发展。With the development of social economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, for apparel textiles, in addition to the pursuit of wearing comfort, more and more attention is paid to their fashion and functionality, and the pursuit of unique styles and various functions, such as antibacterial , Anti-static and other functions. In order to meet this demand of consumers, it has become an important task for the textile industry to continuously develop new yarns and fabrics. With the development of science and technology, the competition in the textile market is becoming more and more fierce. In order to maximize profits, various manufacturers continue to develop in the direction of high-grade, high-grade, good technical content and high added value.
针对此,本发明给出一种高支纯棉纱生产方法,采用平均品级3.46、平均长度36.75mm的长绒棉,且在清梳联四抓上完成清花;采用平均品级31、平均长度28.96mm的细绒棉,且在清梳联二抓上完成清花,两者分别经过预并后,于条并卷联合机上进行混合,而后共同经精梳、并条、粗纱、细纱制得定量为0.89g/100m的细纱。In view of this, the present invention provides a method for producing high-count pure cotton yarn, which adopts long-staple cotton with an average grade of 3.46 and an average length of 36.75 mm, and completes the blowing on the four grips of the blowing-carding unit; 28.96mm fine-staple cotton, and the cleaning is completed on the second blowing-carding unit. After the two are pre-combined, they are mixed on the sliver-rolling unit, and then combed, drawn, roving, and spun together. The basis weight is 0.89g/100m of spun yarn.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
解决的技术问题:本发明的目的是给出一种高支纯棉纱生产方法,通过将长绒棉和细绒棉分别经清梳联和预并条后,在条并卷进行混合后共同经精梳,从而实现两者长度的一致性控制,共同经精梳、并条、粗纱、细纱制得定量为0.89g/100m的高支细纱,从而节约生产成本、提高成纱质量。Solved technical problem: the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of high-count pure cotton yarn production method, after the long-staple cotton and the fine-staple cotton are respectively through the blowing carding and pre-drawing, after the sliver is rolled and mixed together. After combing, the consistent control of the two lengths can be achieved, and the high-count spun yarn with a basis weight of 0.89g/100m can be obtained by combing, drawing, roving and spun yarn together, thereby saving production costs and improving yarn quality.
技术方案:高支纯棉纱生产方法,将长绒棉在清梳联四抓上完成清花,将细绒棉在清梳联二抓上完成清花,两者分别经过预并后,于条并卷联合机上进行混合,而后共同经精梳、并条、粗纱、细纱制得定量为0.89g/100m的细纱,包括以下步骤:Technical scheme: The production method of high-count pure cotton yarn, the long-staple cotton is cleaned on the fourth grip of the blowing-carding unit, and the fine-staple cotton is cleaned on the second grip of the blowing-carding unit. The sliver is mixed on the sliver and spooling machine, and then combed, drawn, roving and spun together to obtain a spun yarn with a basis weight of 0.89g/100m, including the following steps:
第一步:配棉:根据分类排队法,以新疆长绒棉和细绒棉的长度为主体成分进行配棉;由于使用抓棉机混棉,用棉总量较大,队数设置应多,新疆长绒棉设置9队;而混用的各地细绒棉,原棉产区辽阔品种复杂、且质量差异较大,为了稳定性质减少换批次数,队数设置应更多,细绒棉队数设置为19队;根据往复式抓棉机的特点,结合不同原棉测试得到的主要性能指标,安排好排包图,保证每次抓取的棉花质量稳定;The first step: cotton matching: according to the classification and queuing method, the length of Xinjiang long-staple cotton and fine-staple cotton is used as the main component for cotton blending; due to the use of a cotton picker to mix cotton, the total amount of cotton used is large, and the number of queues should be set more. , Xinjiang long-staple cotton set up 9 teams; and the mixed use of fine-staple cotton from various places, the raw cotton production area is vast and complex, and the quality varies greatly. In order to stabilize the quality and reduce the number of batches, the number of teams should be set more. It is set to 19 teams; according to the characteristics of the reciprocating cotton grabber, combined with the main performance indicators obtained from different raw cotton tests, arrange the bale diagram to ensure the stable quality of the cotton grabbed each time;
第二步:长绒棉清梳联:包括开清工序和梳棉工序,梳棉工序任务包括开松,除杂,混合,均匀成卷四个方面,为保证混和和开松效果,采用多个棉箱、自由打击和握持打击相结合的方式进行开松和除杂,各单机依据“匀抓细抓、大杂早落少碎、开松以梳代打”的原则,减小抓取棉束块的重量,使杂质充分暴露在棉束的表面,达到控制短绒增长和开清线棉结增长高的目的;选择先自由打击后握持打击,使开松由缓和到剧烈,实现逐步开松,以减少对棉纤维的损伤;对于抓棉过程,设置适应四种高低不同的棉包,同时供应两条开清线,在运行中记忆棉包高度,自动调整抓取深度,使高低不同的棉包最后同时抓完,抓棉打手车速开到1200-1400r/min;对于多仓混棉过程,采用各仓随机外补棉,每仓输出速度不同,每仓存储高度不同,在输出棉帘上进行混合,每仓下面设置打手以进一步分解棉束,打手速度500r/min;对于清棉除杂过程,设置工作幅度1.5m,第一只打手为脚钉排,与一只包有锯齿条的给棉罗拉相配合,大大增强后续两只打手包括螺旋刀片打手和自由打击打手的开松效率,并在不增加棉结的情况下进行排杂;打手速度420r/min,由于开清点设置数量少,为了增强除杂效率,尘棒开最大角度;对于开棉除杂过程,采用锯齿打手,其下配有分梳版,开棉作用缓和、除杂效率高、无纤维堵塞,精确调整的除尘刀使落棉连续排放,工作幅度1.5m,打手速度760r/min,角度0°;对于长绒棉的梳棉工序,选用FA203A型梳棉机,长绒棉纤维长度长,整齐度较好,适当降低落棉率,同时由于纤维成熟度良好,纤维强力优良,但短绒及含杂稍高,适当提高转速,以提高产量;The second step: long-staple cotton cleaning and carding: including the cleaning process and the carding process. The tasks of the carding process include four aspects: opening, cleaning, mixing, and uniform rolling. In order to ensure the effect of mixing and opening, many The combination of a cotton box, free blow and grip blow is used to open and remove impurities. Each stand-alone machine is based on the principle of "evenly grasping and fine grasping, large impurities fall early and less broken, opening and combing instead of beating", reduce the amount of grasping. The weight of the cotton bundle block makes the impurities fully exposed on the surface of the cotton bundle to achieve the purpose of controlling the growth of short staples and the growth of neps in the cleaning line. Gradually open to reduce damage to cotton fibers; for the process of picking up cotton, it is set to adapt to four different heights of cotton bales, and two opening and cleaning lines are supplied at the same time. The cotton bales with different heights are finally finished at the same time, and the speed of the cotton picker is driven to 1200-1400r/min; for the multi-silo cotton blending process, each warehouse is randomly filled with cotton, the output speed of each warehouse is different, and the storage height of each warehouse is different. Mixing is carried out on the output cotton curtain. A beater is set under each bin to further decompose the cotton bundle. The beater speed is 500r/min; for the cotton cleaning and impurity removal process, the working range is set to 1.5m. The cooperation of the feeding roller with sawtooth strips greatly enhances the opening efficiency of the subsequent two beaters including the spiral blade beater and the free-strike beater, and removes impurities without increasing neps; the beater speed is 420r/min, due to the opening The number of counting settings is small. In order to enhance the impurity removal efficiency, the dust bar is opened at the maximum angle; for the cotton opening and impurity removal process, a sawtooth beater is used, and a carding plate is installed under it. The precisely adjusted dust-removing knife makes the noil discharge continuously, the working range is 1.5m, the beater speed is 760r/min, and the angle is 0°; for the carding process of long-staple cotton, the FA203A carding machine is selected, the long-staple cotton fiber length is long and neat At the same time, because the fiber maturity is good, the fiber strength is good, but the short staple and impurities are slightly higher, and the rotation speed is appropriately increased to increase the output;
第三步:细绒棉清梳联:包括开清工序和梳棉工序,开清工序的工艺原则采用“多包取用、精细抓棉、渐进开送、早落少碎、以梳代打、少伤纤维”,由于原棉中含有杂质,所以其打手速度偏高设置;对于抓棉过程,根据精细抓棉的原则,锯齿刀片插入棉层浅,抓取的棉块平均重量轻,开松效果好,确保抓棉机的抓棉打手刀片每齿的抓棉量偏小掌握,抓棉打手的速度偏高设置,刀片对棉块的作用剧烈,抓取棉块小,平均重量轻,开松作用好,打手间歇下降距离偏小设置,有利于增加开松除杂效果、提高产量;对于开棉除杂过程,采用自由打击,开松作用缓和、纤维不易损伤,打手速度设置为600,在增强开松除杂作用的同时避免滚筒返花形成束丝,打手与尘棒的隔距偏小设置,增强开松除杂作用;尘棒间的隔距偏大设置,提高落棉率、增强除杂作用;对于多仓混合过程,剥棉罗拉的转速设置为412r/min,打手转速避免过高,以免出现返花,同时避免因棉块现在打手处受重复打击和过度打击易形成索丝和棉团;对于清棉除杂过程,采用清梳联喂棉箱工作原理和梳棉机刺辊分梳除杂原理有机结合,对喂入的纤维初步开松为细小棉束,再对棉束以梳代打,把杂质从纤维内部剥离出来;同时,在开棉机前配备FA125重物分离机,除去金属杂质,减轻后道工序除杂的压力,清棉机后配备乌斯特异纤分离器,减少棉流中杂质、异纤的含量,之后棉流通过风机与梳棉管道,进入FA179B清梳联接棉箱,将经过均匀开松、混合后的纤维形成均匀的筵棉层喂入梳棉机,确保梳棉机的连续均匀供棉,实现清梳工序连续化;对于细绒棉的梳棉工序,选用FA203A型梳棉机,由于细绒棉为锯齿棉,长度短,纤维强力差,但纤维整齐度好,短绒及含杂较少,因此适当降低转速,少伤纤维;The third step: fine-staple cotton cleaning and carding: including the opening and cleaning process and the carding process. The process principle of the opening and cleaning process adopts "multiple bales, fine cotton picking, gradual opening and delivery, early fall and less broken, and carding instead of beating. Due to the impurities in the raw cotton, the beater speed is set on the high side; for the cotton picking process, according to the principle of fine cotton grasping, the serrated blade is inserted into the cotton layer shallowly, the average weight of the grasped cotton block is light, and the opening effect is Well, make sure that the amount of cotton catching per tooth of the cotton catching beater blade of the cotton picker is too small, and the speed of the cotton picking beater is set too high, the blade has a strong effect on the cotton block, the cotton block is small, the average weight is light, and the opening The effect is good, and the intermittent drop distance of the beater is set to be small, which is conducive to increasing the effect of opening and removing impurities and improving the output; for the process of cotton opening and removing impurities, free blow is used to ease the opening effect and the fiber is not easy to damage. The beater speed is set to 600. While enhancing the effect of opening and removing impurities, it can avoid the re-flowering of the drum to form filaments. The gap between the beater and the dust bar is set too small to enhance the effect of opening and cleaning; Impurity removal effect; for the multi-bin mixing process, the speed of the stripping roller is set to 412r/min, and the speed of the beater should not be too high, so as to avoid the occurrence of back flowers, and at the same time to avoid the formation of ropes due to repeated blows and excessive blows at the beater. and cotton balls; for the process of cleaning cotton and removing impurities, the working principle of the blower-carding combined feeding box and the principle of carding and removing impurities are organically combined, and the fed fibers are initially opened into small cotton bundles, and then the cotton The bundle is beaten with a comb to strip impurities from the inside of the fiber; at the same time, an FA125 heavy object separator is equipped before the cotton opener to remove metal impurities and reduce the pressure of impurity removal in the subsequent process. After the cotton flow passes through the fan and carding pipeline, it enters the FA179B blowing and carding connection box, and the uniformly opened and mixed fibers are formed into a uniform feast cotton layer and fed into the card The cotton machine ensures the continuous and uniform supply of cotton by the carding machine, and realizes the continuous cleaning and carding process; for the carding process of fine-staple cotton, the FA203A carding machine is selected. Because the fine-staple cotton is sawtooth cotton, the length is short and the fiber strength is poor. , but the fiber uniformity is good, the short pile and impurities are less, so the speed is appropriately reduced to reduce the damage to the fiber;
第四步:预并条:对于长绒棉预并设计,采用5根长绒棉梳棉条进行预并,长绒棉预并条初定量设计为20.09g/5m,对于细绒棉预并设计,采用5根细绒棉梳棉条进行预并,细绒棉预并条初定量设计为21.03g/5m;Step 4: Pre-drawing frame: For long-staple cotton pre-drawing design, use 5 long-staple cotton carding slivers for pre-drawing. The initial quantitative design of long-staple cotton pre-drawing frame is 20.09g/5m. Design, use 5 fine-staple cotton carded sliver for pre-drawing, and the initial quantitative design of fine-staple cotton pre-drawing frame is 21.03g/5m;
第五步:条并卷:采用20根长绒棉预并条与4根细绒棉预并条在条并卷联合机上成卷,精梳小卷初定量为64.49g/m,其中将20根长绒棉预并条分成5组,每组4根,将4根细绒棉预并条依次嵌入在5组长绒棉预并条之间;采用多根并合的大牵伸工艺,既提高小卷纵横向的均匀程度,又改善纤维的伸直平行程度,实现小卷退绕清晰、不粘连,减少后道精梳工序对棉纤维的伤害;Step 5: Strip and roll: 20 long-staple cotton pre-drawing frames and 4 fine-staple cotton pre-drawing frames are used to form rolls on the strip rolling machine. The long-staple cotton pre-draw frames are divided into 5 groups, each group of 4, and the 4 fine-staple cotton pre-draw frames are embedded in the 5 groups of long-staple cotton pre-draw frames in turn; It not only improves the uniformity of the vertical and horizontal directions of the small rolls, but also improves the straightness and parallelism of the fibers.
第六步:精梳:在精梳准备工序中采用偶数原则工艺,使小卷在喂入精梳机时被钳板握持的棉层中,大多数弯钩纤维仍然为前弯钩状态,使其更加容易被锡林梳理,从而伸直,可使落棉率进一步降低,以减少纤维的损失,节约用棉;为降低精梳条的棉结,精梳机采用较小的给棉长度,减少梳理隔距,增强分梳作用,同时注意纤维的接头,以提高输出棉网的质量;控制精梳条落棉率,降低损耗,充分排除短绒及杂质,提高精梳条棉网的清晰度,适当降低棉条的定量,采用慢车速和减少总牵伸倍数的方法来提高精梳条的条干均匀度;定时清洁锡林齿隙中的嵌花和杂质,顶梳针隙中的杂质,并及时修剪毛刷,以保持毛刷的平整度,减少棉网破边情况的发生;Step 6: Combing: The even-number principle process is adopted in the combing preparation process, so that most of the hook fibers are still in the front hook state in the cotton layer held by the nipper when the small roll is fed into the comber. It makes it easier to be combed by the cylinder, so as to be straightened, which can further reduce the noil rate, so as to reduce the loss of fibers and save cotton; in order to reduce the neps of the combing sliver, the comber adopts a smaller feeding length. , reduce the carding distance, enhance the carding effect, and pay attention to the joints of the fibers to improve the quality of the output cotton web; control the noil rate of the combed sliver, reduce the loss, fully eliminate the short lint and impurities, and improve the quality of the combed sliver cotton web. To improve the clarity of the sliver, properly reduce the ration of the sliver, and improve the evenness of the combed sliver by using a slow speed and reducing the total draft ratio; regularly clean the intarsia and impurities in the gap of the cylinder, and the gap between the top comb needles. Remove impurities, and trim the brush in time to maintain the flatness of the brush and reduce the occurrence of broken edges of the cotton mesh;
第七步:并条:根据并条工序中采用奇数法则,采用一道并合原则,选用带自调匀整的并条机,自调匀整系统采用短片段,匀整精度高,匀整范围广,可以保证棉条的在线检测,保证条干CV%在2.5以下,选用6条第六步制得的棉精梳条进行并合,对于罗拉牵伸,选用曲线牵伸过程,对于罗拉握持距,为了既不损伤纤维,又能控制绝大部分纤维的运动,罗拉握持距选用大于纤维的品质长度,采用“紧隔距,重加压”工艺原则,有利于改善输出须条的条干均匀度;对于罗拉加压,罗拉加压需要保持罗拉钳口有足够的握持力,以克服牵伸力,防止须条在罗拉钳口下大滑移速度分层现象,加压方式为弹簧摇架加压,且前罗拉钳口的握持力设置为大于后罗拉;Step 7: Drawing: According to the odd-number rule in the drawing process, a merging principle is adopted, and a drawing frame with autoleveling is selected. The autoleveling system adopts short segments, with high leveling accuracy and wide leveling range, which can guarantee On-line detection of cotton sliver, to ensure that evenness CV% is below 2.5, select 6 cotton combed sliver obtained in the sixth step for merging, for roller drafting, select curve drafting process, for roller gripping distance, in order to It does not damage the fibers, but can also control the movement of most fibers. The holding distance of the rollers is larger than the quality length of the fibers, and the process principle of "tight gap and heavy pressure" is adopted, which is beneficial to improve the evenness of the output whiskers. ;For roller pressurization, the roller pressurization needs to keep the roller jaws with enough holding force to overcome the drafting force and prevent the delamination of the whiskers under the roller jaws at a large slip speed. The pressurization method is a spring cradle Pressurized, and the gripping force of the jaws of the front roller is set to be greater than that of the rear roller;
第八步:粗纱:包括三个过程,牵伸:将熟条抽长拉细8-10倍,使纱条中纤维进一步伸直平行,为细纱牵伸做准备,采用四罗拉三牵伸区的双短皮圈牵伸,其中1-2罗拉之间的牵伸倍数设置为1.05倍,为整理区,在整理区设置有前集棉器,且选择前集棉器的口径为5,2-3罗拉之间为主牵伸区,主牵伸区不放置集棉器,实现牵伸不集中束集束不牵伸,以达到提高条干均匀度的目的,3-4罗拉之间为整理凝聚区,使主牵伸区牵伸后的纤维在整理凝聚区起到集束作用,在整理凝聚区设置有后集棉器,且选择后集棉器的口径为12,对于牵伸罗拉的握持距,根据纤维的品质长度Lp而定,并参照纤维的整齐度和牵伸区中牵伸力的大小综合考虑,以不使纤维断裂或须条牵伸不开为原则,其中3-4罗拉之间的后区为简单罗拉牵伸,采用重加压大隔距的工艺方法,由于有集合器,握持距可适当放大,由于纯棉纤维的品质长度为36mm,1-2罗拉之间的整理区握持距设置为38mm,包括罗拉直径28mm和隔距10mm;加捻:将牵伸后的须条加上适当的捻度,使粗纱具有一定的强力,防止意外牵伸或拉断,粗纱捻系数稍微偏大掌握,有利于成纱质量稳定,实际生产过程选择粗纱捻系数105;卷绕成形:将加捻后的粗纱卷绕在粗纱筒管上,制成符合一定要求的形状和大小的卷装,以便储存、搬运和适应细纱机的喂入要求,采用四上四下的双短皮圈D型牵伸,将主牵伸区的集合器前置,实行牵伸与集束分离,缩小浮游区长度,以提高条干均匀度;The eighth step: roving: including three processes, drafting: draw and draw the sliver by 8-10 times, so that the fibers in the sliver are further stretched and parallel, to prepare for the drafting of the spun yarn, using four rollers and three drafting zones The double short apron drafting, in which the drafting ratio between 1-2 rollers is set to 1.05 times, which is the finishing area, and a front cotton collector is set in the finishing area, and the diameter of the front cotton collector is 5, 2 Between -3 rollers is the main drafting area, and no cotton collector is placed in the main drafting area, so that the drafting is not concentrated and bundled without drafting, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the evenness of evenness, and the finishing between 3-4 rollers Coagulation zone, so that the fibers drawn in the main drafting zone can be bundled in the finishing and coagulation zone. A rear cotton collector is set in the finishing and coagulation zone, and the diameter of the rear cotton collector is selected to be 12, which is good for the grip of the drafting roller. The holding distance is determined according to the quality length Lp of the fiber, and is considered comprehensively with reference to the uniformity of the fiber and the drafting force in the drafting area. The rear area between the rollers is simple roller drafting, and the process method of heavy pressure and large distance is adopted. Due to the collector, the holding distance can be appropriately enlarged. Since the quality length of the pure cotton fiber is 36mm, the distance between 1-2 rollers is 36mm. The holding distance in the finishing area is set to 38mm, including the roller diameter of 28mm and the gauge distance of 10mm; Twisting: add appropriate twist to the drafted whiskers to make the roving have a certain strength and prevent accidental drafting or breaking , the twist coefficient of the roving is slightly larger, which is beneficial to the stability of the yarn quality. In the actual production process, the twist coefficient of the roving is selected to be 105; winding forming: the twisted roving is wound on the roving bobbin to make a shape that meets certain requirements. and size packages, so as to store, transport and adapt to the feeding requirements of the spinning frame, use four-up and four-down double-short apron D-type drafting, put the collector in the main drafting area in front, and carry out drafting and bundling. Separation, reducing the length of the floating area to improve the evenness of evenness;
第九步:细纱:采用三罗拉双牵伸区牵伸、长短皮圈、绪森摇架加压、网格圈紧密纺、集中负压控制,选用2.7压力棒钳口,缩短自由区长度,从而减少浮游纤维,加强对纤维运动的控制,提高成纱条干均匀度;减少前区隔距,放大后区隔距,减少后区牵伸倍数,集中前区牵伸在上下胶圈对纱条的有效控制下,提高细纱前区须条密度,减少边缘纤维和短绒的散失,有效减少毛羽,减少长细节,提高强力;后牵伸区采用曲线牵伸,牵伸倍数偏小掌握,为前牵伸区提供结构均匀的须条,采用“紧隔距,重加压”,有利于控制牵伸区纤维的运动,改善输出须条的均匀度,后牵伸区罗拉隔距采用38mm;前牵伸区牵伸配置工艺满足前、中罗拉的罗拉中心距小,浮游区小以及胶圈钳口隔距小的原则,前牵伸区罗拉隔距采用18mm。The ninth step: Spinning: using three-roller and double-drafting zone drafting, long and short aprons, Suessen cradle pressure, mesh ring compact spinning, centralized negative pressure control, using 2.7 pressure bar jaws, shortening the length of the free zone, Thereby reducing the floating fibers, strengthening the control of the fiber movement, and improving the evenness of the yarn; reducing the front area gap, enlarging the rear area gap, reducing the draft ratio of the rear area, and concentrating the front area drafting on the upper and lower aprons to the yarn Under the effective control of the sliver, the density of the beard in the front area of the spun yarn is increased, the loss of edge fibers and short piles is reduced, the hairiness is reduced, the long details are reduced, and the strength is improved; the rear drafting area adopts the curve drafting, and the drafting ratio is small. Provides whiskers with uniform structure for the front drafting area, and adopts "tight gauge and heavy pressure", which is beneficial to control the movement of fibers in the drafting area and improve the uniformity of the output whiskers. The roller gauge in the rear drafting area adopts 38mm ; The drafting configuration process in the front drafting area satisfies the principles of small roller center distance, small floating area and small gap between the rubber ring jaws of the front and middle rollers. The roller gap in the front drafting area is 18mm.
优选的,长绒棉的平均品级3.46、平均长度36.75mm。Preferably, the average grade of long-staple cotton is 3.46 and the average length is 36.75mm.
优选的,细绒棉的平均品级31、平均长度28.96mm。Preferably, the average grade of fine-staple cotton is 31 and the average length is 28.96 mm.
优选的,第一步中,原料用完时,接替原棉采用同一批次生产的原棉,首先以相同产地为标准安排排包,其次考虑技术品级,最后考虑色特征级。Preferably, in the first step, when the raw materials are used up, the raw cotton produced in the same batch is used to replace the raw cotton. First, the same origin is used as the standard to arrange the bales, secondly, the technical grade is considered, and finally the color characteristic grade is considered.
优选的,所述新疆长绒棉的含杂为2.2%。Preferably, the impurity content of the Xinjiang long-staple cotton is 2.2%.
优选的,第二步中,选用Crosrol低含杂原棉的清梳联系统。Preferably, in the second step, the blowing and carding system of Crosrol low impurity raw cotton is selected.
优选的,第二步中,开清工序分别选用ABO自动抓棉机进行抓棉、6CB六仓混棉机进行混合和除杂、3RC三滚筒清棉机进行除杂和混合、FCI精细开棉机进行开松和除杂、乌斯特异纤分离机进行异纤分离,开清点设置2个。Preferably, in the second step, in the opening and cleaning process, ABO automatic cotton picker is used for picking cotton, 6CB six-silo cotton mixer for mixing and impurity removal, 3RC three-drum cotton cleaner for impurity removal and mixing, and FCI fine cotton opening. The machine is used for opening and impurity removal, and the Uster foreign fiber separator is used for foreign fiber separation, and 2 are set for opening and counting.
优选的,第三步中,使用青岛清梳联系统。Preferably, in the third step, the Qingdao blowing and carding system is used.
优选的,第三步中,开清工序选用FA009往复式抓棉机实现抓棉、FA125重物分离机实现重物杂质去除、FA105A单轴流开棉机实现开松和除杂、FA029多仓混棉机实现混合和除杂、FA116清棉机实现除杂和开松、乌斯特异纤分离机实现异纤分离。Preferably, in the third step, the FA009 reciprocating cotton picker is used in the opening and cleaning process to achieve cotton picking, the FA125 heavy object separator is used to remove heavy objects and impurities, the FA105A uniaxial flow opener is used to achieve opening and impurity removal, and the FA029 multi-silo The cotton blender realizes mixing and impurity removal, the FA116 cotton cleaning machine realizes impurity removal and opening, and the USTER foreign fiber separator realizes foreign fiber separation.
优选的,第六步中使用E62型号精梳机。Preferably, an E62 type comber is used in the sixth step.
有益效果:本发明通过将长绒棉和细绒棉分别经清梳联和预并条后,在条并卷进行混合后共同经精梳,从而实现两者长度的一致性控制,共同经精梳、并条、粗纱、细纱制得定量为0.89g/100m的高支细纱,从而节约生产成本、提高成纱质量。Beneficial effect: In the present invention, after the long-staple cotton and the fine-staple cotton are respectively combed and pre-drawn, they are combed together after the sliver is spooled and mixed, so as to realize the consistency control of the lengths of the two, and the joints are refined. Combing, drawing, roving and spun yarn can produce high-count spun yarn with a basis weight of 0.89g/100m, thereby saving production costs and improving yarn quality.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下实施例进一步说明本发明的内容,但不应理解为对本发明的限制。在不背离本发明精神和实质的情况下,对本发明方法、步骤或条件所作的修改和替换,均属于本发明的范围。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。The following examples further illustrate the content of the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Modifications and substitutions made to the methods, steps or conditions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and essence of the present invention all belong to the scope of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art.
实施例1Example 1
(1)原料选配(1) Raw material selection
长绒棉配棉及各棉包性能指标Long-staple cotton blending and performance indicators of various cotton bales
细绒棉配棉及各棉包性能指标Fine-staple cotton blending with cotton and performance indicators of various cotton bales
注:品级31,3表示等级,1表示白棉。Note: Grade 31, 3 means grade, 1 means white cotton.
(2)工艺流程设计如下(2) The process flow is designed as follows
长绒棉:选配→ABO自动抓棉机→6CB六仓混棉机→3RC三滚筒清棉机→FCI精细开棉机→乌斯特异纤分离机→FA203A型梳棉机Long-staple cotton: optional→ABO automatic cotton picker→6CB six-silo cotton blender→3RC three-drum cleaning machine→FCI fine opener→Uster foreign fiber separator→FA203A carding machine
细绒棉:选配→FA009往复式抓棉机→FA125重物分离机→FA105A单轴流开棉机→FA029多仓混棉机→FA116清棉机→乌斯特异纤分离机→FA179B棉箱→FA203A型梳棉机Fine Staple Cotton: Optional→FA009 Reciprocating Cotton Grabber→FA125 Heavy Object Separator→FA105A Single Axial Flow Opener→FA029 Multi-silo Cotton Blender→FA116 Cotton Cleaner→Uster Foreign Fiber Separator→FA179B Cotton Box →FA203A Carding Machine
原棉混合:SB2预并条→E32条并卷联合机→E62型精梳机→HSR1000型并条机→JWF1415粗纱机→DTM129型细纱机Raw cotton blending: SB2 pre-drawing frame → E32 sliver spooling machine → E62 type comber → HSR1000 type draw frame → JWF1415 roving frame → DTM129 type spinning frame
(3)关键工艺参数设计(3) Design of key process parameters
各工序初步干定量选定Preliminary dry quantitative selection of each process
梳棉:Carding:
细绒棉梳棉工艺设计表Fine Staple Cotton Carding Process Design Table
长绒棉梳棉工艺设计表Long-staple cotton carding process design table
预并条:Pre-draw:
预并工艺设计表Pre-combination process design table
条并卷:Strip and roll:
条并卷工序工艺设计表Strip and roll process process design table
精梳:Combing:
精梳工序工艺设计表Combing process process design table
并条:Draw:
并条工序工艺设计表Drawing process process design table
粗纱:Roving:
粗纱工序工艺设计表Roving process process design table
细纱:Spinning yarn:
细纱工艺设计表Spinning process design table
(4)质量测试:(4) Quality test:
清梳联、预并工序质量测试表Quality test table for blowing-carding and pre-merging processes
精梳条质量测试表Combed sliver quality test table
并条质量测试表Drawing quality test table
粗纱质量测试表Roving Quality Test Table
细纱捻度测试表Spinning yarn twist test table
纱线捻度采用Y331LN数字型捻度仪测试,进行两组测试每组20段,平均捻度为107.10捻/10cm和106.80捻/10cm,设计为108.00捻/10cm。捻度CV<3,偏差在允许范围内。Yarn twist was measured by Y331LN digital twist meter, and two sets of tests were carried out with 20 sections each. The average twist was 107.10 twists/10cm and 106.80 twists/10cm, and the design was 108.00 twists/10cm. The twist CV<3, the deviation is within the allowable range.
细纱条干测试表Spinning yarn evenness test table
纱线条干采用乌斯特条干仪进行测试,分别测试管纱与筒纱的条干,平均品等1~2等。经过络筒后,筒纱的条干不匀率、毛羽略微增多,仍在合理范围内。Yarn evenness was tested by the Uster evenness tester, and the evenness of the cop and the bobbin was tested respectively, and the average grade was 1-2. After winding, the evenness and hairiness of the packaged yarn increased slightly, which were still within a reasonable range.
细纱强力测试表Spinning Strength Test Table
纱线强力采用YG063G全自动单纱强力仪进行测试,测试结果表明,强力符合设计要求,且强力均匀度较好。筒纱在清除了细节和弱节后,单纱平均强力比管纱有所提高,管纱的平均号数符合最初设计要求。The yarn strength is tested by the YG063G automatic single yarn strength tester. The test results show that the strength meets the design requirements and the strength uniformity is good. After the details and weak knots of the bobbin yarn are removed, the average tenacity of the single yarn is higher than that of the cop yarn, and the average number of the cop yarn meets the original design requirements.
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