CN109972048A - Nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite and preparation - Google Patents
Nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite and preparation Download PDFInfo
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- CN109972048A CN109972048A CN201810515258.3A CN201810515258A CN109972048A CN 109972048 A CN109972048 A CN 109972048A CN 201810515258 A CN201810515258 A CN 201810515258A CN 109972048 A CN109972048 A CN 109972048A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
- B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/25—Hardening, combined with annealing between 300 degrees Celsius and 600 degrees Celsius, i.e. heat refining ("Vergüten")
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
- C21D1/30—Stress-relieving
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/10—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies
- C21D8/105—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of tubular bodies of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/08—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for tubular bodies or pipes
- C21D9/085—Cooling or quenching
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/24—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/26—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with niobium or tantalum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The present invention relates to higher anti-neutron irradiation and corrosion resistance, fuel tube field resistant to high temperature, specially a kind of nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite and preparation method thereof are shown in nuclear reactor.Internal layer is ferrite/martensite heat-resisting steel material, outer layer is FeCrAl alloy material, it therebetween is iron-based material auxiliary layer, its preparation step: the degasification of the surface polishing of seamless multiple tube blank → seamless multiple tube blank assembles encapsulation → thermal deformation and processes metallurgical compound → annealing heat-treatment → cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing → final heat treatment → aligning → cleaning → product inspection, this method is by outer layer, after intermediate layer and inner tube assembling, assembly is packaged into seamless multiple tube blank and welds end seals after being vented, after heated, it processes to form the compound seamless multiple tube blank of metallurgy using thermal deformation, the production tube of required specification is processed into eventually by cold deformation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fuel packets that higher anti-neutron irradiation and corrosion resistance are shown in water cooled nuclear reactor
Package field, specially a kind of nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel metal of T91 ferrite/martensite
Seamless multiple tube structure and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
Zr alloy goes over and is all important nuclear reactor structure material now, in 300~400 DEG C of high pressure water and steam
In have good neutron irradiation performance against corrosion and anti-, some Zr alloys (such as: ZIRLO, M5, E635) newly developed, which are used as, presses water
The involucrum and structure member of the high burnup fuel component of heap and boiling-water reactor.Advanced Zirconium Alloys research contents include: corrosion resistance,
Mechanical performance, aqueous corrosion performance, Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase growth performance, anti-PCI (interaction of pellet and involucrum) crack propagation, Yi Jiti
High fuel burn-up.
Austenitic stainless steel becomes the cladding materials of first generation fast reactor due to good anticorrosive and heat resistanceheat resistant creep ability, but
These austenitic steels have serious void swelling problem.The study found that cold by addition stabilizing element (such as: Ti) and appropriateness
Deformation can reduce the degree of swelling, develop the fuel canning materials such as 15-15Ti, 316Ti.But when irradiation dose is compared with Gao Shihui
There is apparent void swelling, therefore cannot be used in the Advanced Reactor of height irradiation.
Ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel is considered as the involucrum main candidate material that fast reactor designs in forth generation reactor
Material, they have high heat conductance and low thermal coefficient of expansion, there is anti-swelling performance more superior than austenitic steel and small and stable swollen
Swollen speed.Experiment discovery, the ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel that the mass fraction containing Cr is 8%~9% show highest anti-swelling energy
Power, low swelling are the performances of this kind of Alfers generally having.Therefore, it is ideal to become fast breeder reactor for this kind of alloy
Candidate materials, but such material is in 550 DEG C or more strength reductions, limits critical materials that they are used as Advanced Reactor.
Oxide dispersion intensifying steel (ODS steel), including ferritic steel, martensite steel and ferrite/martensite two-phase are heat-resisting
Steel.Studies have shown that the microstructure of nanostructure ODS steel makes it have excellent Radiation hardness, Advanced Reactor core can satisfy
The Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase of material requires (the swollen ability of anti-He in the case of especially high He), can meet or use temperature close to meeting 650 DEG C
Intensity requirement, become Advanced Reactor core component candidate materials.But the processing cost of the material is high, deformation after unloading processing difficulties.
It from after Fukushima, Japan nuclear accident in 2011, proposes crash-proof fuel (ATF), it is visited to improve fuel element
The anti-LOCA of rope (coolant missing operating condition) accident cladding materials fuel rod.Multiple tube is one of scheme.
Multiple tube prepare process blank packaging method, vacuum electron beam encapsulation [referring to following documents: 1. Li Cong,
Li Jiwei, Zeng Qifeng etc., a kind of Reactor fuel element cladding zircaloy titanium alloy composite tube and preparation method thereof, Chinese invention patent
Publication number CN106078086 A, publication date 2016-11-09；2. Li Cong, Li Jiwei, Zeng Qifeng etc., a kind of nuclear fuel element packet
Shell zircaloy titanium alloy composite tube and preparation method thereof, Chinese invention patent publication number CN106128532 A, publication date 2016-
11-16；3. Westinghouse Electrical Corp., vessel of water reactor fuel, Chinese invention patent publication number CN86101123 A, publication date
1987-1-21], vacuum electron beam welding is used after combining pipe, keeps vacuum state between pipe gap.This method, which exists, asks
Topic is machined to this height, and equipment size limits the size of pipe.
The hot complex method of multiple tube metal interlevel metallurgical bonding, hot extrusion composite algorithm is [referring to following documents: 1. Li Cong, Lee
After prestige, Zeng Qifeng etc., a kind of Reactor fuel element cladding zircaloy titanium alloy composite tube and preparation method thereof, Chinese invention patent is public
The number of opening CN106078086 A, publication date 2016-11-09；2. Li Cong, Li Jiwei, Zeng Qifeng etc., a kind of Reactor fuel element cladding
Zircaloy titanium alloy composite tube and preparation method thereof, Chinese invention patent publication number CN106128532 A, publication date 2016-11-
16], using the pipe of encapsulation, and encapsulate and protect set and outer jacket in upper, after heating, hot extrusion is carried out using extruder and is added
Work realizes that metallurgy is compound.This method is that internal layer outer layer thickness is uneven there are problem, and equipment requirement is high.
The hot complex method of metal interlevel metallurgical bonding of multiple tube, the compound method of hot-swage metallurgy is [referring to document: Liu Xin
China, Xie Jianxin, Liu Xuefeng etc., a kind of preparation method of high-performance copper/composite ti pipe, Chinese invention patent publication number
CN103861888 A, publication date 2014-06-18], it is inserted into plug in composite pipe blank, big passage is applied using method of swaging and is deformed
Processing, and water-spraying control is carried out in exit of swaging, realize that the metallurgy of multiple tube is compound.This method is internal layer outer layer there are problem
It is in uneven thickness, internal surface of bloom poor quality.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloys and T91 ferrite/geneva
Body heat resisting steel metal seamless multiple tube and preparation method thereof, this each layer metal of cladding tubes have different application characteristics, interlayer
The anti-LOCA accident ability of pressurized water reactor fuel rod can be improved in metallurgical bonding, or improves the anti-lead corruption of lead bismuth fast reactor fuel rod
Erosion, Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase swelling ability.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that
A kind of nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite, outer layer
FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer ferrite/martensite are resistance to
Metallurgical bonding layer is directly formed between hot steel pipe；Alternatively, in outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
Use Fe base transition zone among pipe, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe respectively with transition zone shape
At metallurgical bonding layer.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite, smelting
Golden binder course contain element include: one or both of Fe, Cr, Mn, Al, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Si, C, N and rare earth element with
On.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite, it is interior
Layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe with a thickness of 0.1mm~0.4mm, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe with a thickness of 0.05~
0.3mm, for metallurgical bonding layer with a thickness of 0~0.1mm is greater than, transition region thickness is lower than the 50% of outer layer thickness.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
Preparation method, (1) composite pipe structure are as follows: internal layer is ferrite/martensite heat-resisting steel material, and outer layer is FeCrAl alloy material
Material assists transition zone therebetween for iron-based material；(2) preparation step of involucrum metal seamless multiple tube: seamless multiple tube
The degasification of the surface polishing of blank → seamless multiple tube blank assembles encapsulation → thermal deformation and processes metallurgical compound → annealing heat-treatment
→ cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing → final heat treatment → aligning → cleaning → product inspection；This method is by outer layer, middle transition
After layer and inner tube assembling, assembly is packaged into seamless multiple tube blank and welds end seals after being vented, and after heated, uses
The method of thermal deformation processing forms the compound seamless multiple tube of metallurgy, is processed into required specification eventually by cold deformation or thermal deformation
Production tube.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
Preparation method includes the following steps:
(a) preparation of seamless multiple tube blank
Outer layer FeCrAl alloy is processed into pipe；
Internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel is processed into pipe or bar；
Intermediate layer iron-based material is processed into pipe；
(b) surface polishing of seamless multiple tube blank
Outer tube, intermediate layer pipe, the surfaces externally and internally of inner tube or internal layer stick surface are carried out at mechanical polishing respectively
Reason or chemical polishing processing, reach surface roughness to Ra0.1 μm, gap -0.1mm~2mm between each layer pipe；
(c) the assembly encapsulation of seamless multiple tube blank
By FeCrAl alloy outer pipe, intermediate layer pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe or stick through assembling
Afterwards, the gas among pipe is excluded, end is welded after exhaust immediately and is sealed；
(d) thermal deformation processing metallurgy is compound
It will be by FeCrAl alloy outer pipe, intermediate layer pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe blank, through arranging
Carry out heating and thermal insulation after sealing gland dress is realized under high temperature thermal diffusion effect and the effect of big pressure distortion multiple using thermal deformation processing
The metallurgy for closing pipe is compound, and thermal deformation method includes hot-swage, hot finish forge, hot spinning, hot rolling or hot isostatic pressing；
(e) annealing heat-treatment
By pipe of the metallurgy after compound, segmentation Heat preservation is carried out, and control cooling rate, remove internal stress, control group
Form is knitted, processability is improved；700~1000 DEG C of heating temperature keep the temperature 30~60 minutes, and furnace is protected after being as cold as 300~600 DEG C
Temperature 30~90 minutes, it is air-cooled.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
Preparation method, outer layer FeCrAl alloy material described in step (a) are ferrite FeCrAl alloy or its modified, or are oxidation
Object dispersion-strengtherning FeCrAl alloy；Wherein, the chemical component of FeCrAl alloy includes: Cr 12.0~20.0wt%, Al 4.0~
7.0wt%, C 0~0.1wt%, Nb 0.1~1.0wt%, V 0~0.5wt%, Si 0.1~1.5wt%, Mn 0~
More than 1.5wt%, Fe；Ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel described in step (a) is T91, P91 or its modified or CLAM low activation
Martensite steel.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
One of preparation method, the encapsulation of assembly described in step (c), with the following method:
Polished pipe is successively completed elastic conjunction by method 1；Inner tube is immersed in cryogenic fluid, cryogenic fluid
Using liquid nitrogen medium；Inner tube is shunk at low temperature, after cleaning, is fitted into outer tube, when room temperature to be restored, reaches interference dress
Match, bilayer or multilayer multiple tube is realized by elastic conjunction by this method respectively, pipe carries out welding encapsulation after assembly；
Polished pipe is successively completed drawing assembly by method 2；After outer tube, inner tube assembly, carry out simultaneously
The draw of tube head is processed；Then cored bar drawing is carried out, pipe is made to subtract wall tube reducing, realizes exhaust assembly, pipe is welded after assembly
Connect encapsulation；
Polished pipe is carried out after successively assembling, vacuum exhaust pipe is reserved in each layer pipe gap, and weld by method 3
Connect encapsulation；After welding, by vacuum pump into vacuumize process, by exhaust tube solder up after vacuumizing.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
One of preparation method, the processing metallurgy of thermal deformation described in step (d) is compound, with the following method:
Method 1, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, heat preservation 3
~30min, hot rolling processing, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.2~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 2, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, heat preservation 3
~30min, through hot-swage big distortion, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.5~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 3, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, heat preservation 3
~30min, through hot spinning deformation processing, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.1~1m/min of charging rate；
Method 4, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, heat preservation 3
~30min, through hot finish forge big distortion, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.5~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 5, the pipe through exhaust encapsulation, the Compound Machining by the way of hot isostatic pressing, heating temperature 800~1200
DEG C, keep the temperature 30~120min, 100~300MPa of pressure.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
Preparation method, after annealing heat-treatment, carry out cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing process: by the pipe after machining, utilization is cold
Pipe mill carries out cold rolling or drawbench cold-drawn, and cold rolled tube tube reducing subtracts wall deflection, pass deformation 5~50% per pass for control；
Intermediate annealing process in metal seamless multiple tube cold rolling Cold Drawing Process, using vacuum air-quenching furnace or atmosphere protection stove, heating temperature
700~1000 DEG C of degree keep the temperature 10~60 minutes, and furnace keeps the temperature 30~90 minutes after being as cold as 300~600 DEG C, using the fast quickly cooling of gas
But.
The nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite
Preparation method, after cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing process, carry out final heat treatment: final finished size tubing is put into vacuum gas
It quenches and carries out Tempering and Quenching in heat-treatment furnace, control mechanical properties of tubular goods and microstructure；Quenching temperature 900~1050
DEG C, 5~30 minutes are kept the temperature, inert gas is cooling；700~780 DEG C of tempering heating-up temperature, 30~150 minutes are kept the temperature, inert gas
It is cooling.
The invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
1, relative to single material seamless pipe, FeCrAl alloy and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel metal seamless are compound
The advantage of pipe combination ectonexine metal respectively, can be improved corrosion resistance simultaneously, improve oxidation-resistance property, improve Flouride-resistani acid phesphatase energy
Power.There is remarkable effect to the safety and reliability for improving nuclear equipment, industrial equipment.Novel cladding tubes are used for presurized water reactor, can
The ability of the anti-LOCA accident of fuel rod is improved, lead bismuth fast reactor is used for, anti-lead bismuth corrosion and anti-radiation performance can be improved.
2, in view of existing single layer alloy cladding tubes, the deficiency of multiple tube processing technology, metal seamless multiple tube of the present invention and
Its preparation process, the method for metal seamless multiple tube exhaust encapsulation include drawing method for exhausting, low temperature interference exhaust packaging method；
The method of metal seamless multiple tube metallurgy Compound Machining includes that compound hot spinning, method hot rolling, hot finish forge are compound.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is to be vented Φ manufactured by packaging method and hot spinning combined machining method in the embodiment of the present invention 1 with drawing
The FeCrAl (outer layer) of 9.5mm × 0.5mm/Fe alloy/T91 three-layer composite pipe longitudinal cross-section metallograph.
Fig. 2 is in the embodiment of the present invention 2 with the method for low temperature elastic conjunction exhaust encapsulation, hot-swage combined machining method institute
The FeCrAl (outer layer) of Φ 9.5mm × 0.5mm of manufacture/Fe alloy/T91 three-layer composite pipe longitudinal cross-section metallograph.
Specific embodiment
In the specific implementation process, composite pipe structure of the present invention is as follows: internal layer is ferrite/martensite heat-resisting steel material,
Outer layer is FeCrAl alloy material, assists transition zone therebetween for iron-based material.The preparation of involucrum metal seamless multiple tube
Step: the surface polishing of seamless multiple tube blank → seamless multiple tube blank assembly encapsulation → thermal deformation processing metallurgy is compound →
Annealing heat-treatment → cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing → final heat treatment → aligning → cleaning → product inspection；This method is by outer
After layer, intermediate layer and inner tube assembling, assembly is packaged into seamless multiple tube blank and welds end seals after being vented, and passes through
After heating, processes to form the compound seamless multiple tube of metallurgy using thermal deformation, be processed into institute eventually by cold deformation or thermal deformation
Need the production tube of specification.
Combined with specific embodiments below, to presurized water reactor of the present invention and lead bismuth fast reactor, the compound packet of sodium-cooled fast reactor metal seamless
Package and preparation method thereof is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to following embodiment.This hair
Bright FeCrAl (outer layer)/T91 multiple tube, room-temperature yield strength >=350MPa, elongation percentage >=15%.
Embodiment 1:
The metal seamless multiple tube of the present embodiment is multiple for FeCrAl (outer layer)/Fe alloy (transition zone)/three layers of T91 (internal layer)
It closes, FeCrAl alloying component are as follows: more than Cr 12.5wt%, Al 4.2wt%, Nb 0.3wt%, Fe；Transition zone is ferroalloy point
Are as follows: more than C 0.01wt%, Nb 0.3wt%, Si 0.1wt%, Mn0.2wt%, Fe；Internal layer is T91 (P91) alloy.Its specification
For Φ 9.5mm (outer diameter) × 0.5mm (wall thickness), main preparation process is as follows:
(1) pipe polishes: outer tube, coupling tube, inner tube surfaces externally and internally being polished to Ra0.1 μm respectively, each layer manages it
Between gap be 0.1mm or so.
(2) pipe assembly encapsulation: by polished FeCrAl, Fe alloy, T91 pipe, cored bar drawing dress is successively carried out
Match.After outer tube, inner tube assembly, while carrying out the draw processing of tube head.Then cored bar drawing is carried out, so that pipe is subtracted wall and subtracts
Diameter realizes exhaust assembly.Pipe carries out welding encapsulation after assembly, pipe outer diameter 25mm after assembly.
(3) method that hot Compound Machining uses hot spinning, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating, are heated to 1200
DEG C, keep the temperature 20 minutes.It is inserted into after plug and realizes compound, the charging rate 0.1m/min of metallurgy through hot spinning deformation processing.Through 5 passages
Hot spinning Compound Machining, tube reducing 5mm, is processed into outer diameter 20mm composite pipe blank altogether.
(4) annealing heat-treatment: by the compound rear pipe of metallurgy, Heat preservation is carried out, keeps the temperature 1 hour using 800 DEG C, furnace is as cold as
80 minutes are kept the temperature after 600 DEG C, it is air-cooled, internal stress is removed, tissue morphology is controlled, improves processability.
(5) cold rolling and intermediate annealing process: by the pipe after machining, cold rolling is carried out using cold pilger mill, control is every
Passage tube reducing, the deflection for subtracting wall.Intermediate annealing process uses vacuum air-quenching furnace, and 800 DEG C of annealing heating temperature keep the temperature 1 hour,
Furnace keeps the temperature 80 minutes after being as cold as 600 DEG C, and argon gas is cooling.
(6) final heat treatment: final size tubing, which is put into vacuum air-quenching heat-treatment furnace, carries out Tempering and Quenching, control pipe
Material mechanical property and microstructure.1020 DEG C of quenching temperature keep the temperature 10 minutes, and argon gas is cooling；Tempering heating-up temperature 700~
780 DEG C keep the temperature 90 minutes, and argon gas is cooling.
(7) aligning is aligned after finished product heat treatment, is aligned using straightener.
(8) cleaning carries out surfaces externally and internally cleaning to tubing after aligning, removes surface impurity and greasy dirt.
(9) multiple tube uses ultrasonic flaw detection after ultrasonic inspection cleaning, carries out 100% nothing to multiple tube after processing
Damage detection.
In the present embodiment, it is prepared as the compound pipe outside diameter Φ of FeCrAl (outer layer)/Fe alloy (transition zone)/T91 (internal layer)
9.5 ± 0.03mm, wall thickness are 0.5 ± 0.03mm.Wherein, internal layer with a thickness of 0.30mm, outer layer with a thickness of 0.14mm, transition
Layer is with a thickness of 0.06mm.Fe alloy transition layer role: hot compound tense both with outer layer Aludirome soldering, also with it is interior
Layer T91 alloy soldering.Meanwhile transition zone plays the role of compatible deformation in cold rolling drawing deformation, guarantees that cold deformation is processable.
Outer layer, internal layer form metallurgical bonding layer with transition zone respectively, and metallurgical bonding layer is with a thickness of about 0.015mm.
Table 1 is the tensile property that embodiment 1 prepares three-layer metal multiple tube (FeCrAl (outer layer)/T91 (internal layer))
As shown in Figure 1, the FeCrAl (outer layer) of manufactured 9.5 × 0.5mm of Φ/Fe alloy (transition zone)/T91 (internal layer) three
Layer multiple tube, state is quenched and tempered state.From FeCrAl-Fe alloy-T91 three-layer composite pipe longitudinal direction, section metallograph be can be seen that
It is T91 alloy on the left of picture, thickness about 0.30mm, picture right side is FeCrAl alloy, and thickness is about 0.14mm.Middle layer is Fe
Alloy, thickness are about 0.06mm, and interface cohesion is good between three layers, without crackle, without gap.
Embodiment 2:
The metal seamless multiple tube of the present embodiment is multiple for FeCrAl (outer layer)/Fe alloy (transition zone)/three layers of T91 (internal layer)
It closes, FeCrAl alloying component are as follows: more than Cr 13.1wt%, Al 4.0wt%, V 0.2wt%, Fe；Transition zone is divided into for ferroalloy:
More than C 0.005wt%, V 0.3wt%, Si 0.15wt%, Mn0.2wt%, Fe；Internal layer is T91 (P91) alloy.Its specification is
Φ 9.5mm (outer diameter) × 0.5mm (wall thickness), main preparation process are as follows:
(1) pipe polishes, and outer tube, coupling tube, inner tube surfaces externally and internally are polished respectively, are polished to Ra0.1 μm,
Gap -0.1mm between each layer pipe.
(2) pipe assembly encapsulation.Fe alloy (transition zone) pipe is immersed in low temperature liquid nitrogen solution, coupling tube is received at low temperature
Contracting after cleaning, is fitted into FeCrAl (outer layer) pipe, when room temperature to be restored, reaches elastic conjunction.Then T91 (internal layer) is immersed
In low temperature liquid nitrogen solution, T91 (internal layer) pipe is shunk at low temperature, after cleaning, is fitted into FeCrAl (outer layer)/Fe alloy (transition
Layer) in bimetallic tube.Pipe carries out welding encapsulation after assembly, pipe outer diameter 25mm after assembly.
(3) method that hot Compound Machining uses hot-swage, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating, are heated to 1200
DEG C, 20 minutes are kept the temperature, through hot-swage deformation processing, tube reducing 4mm, charging rate 0.2m/min.
(4) it makes annealing treatment: by the compound rear pipe of metallurgy, carrying out Heat preservation, keep the temperature 1 hour using 800 DEG C, furnace is as cold as
80 minutes are kept the temperature after 600 DEG C, it is air-cooled, internal stress is removed, tissue morphology is controlled, improves processability.
(5) cold rolling and intermediate annealing process: by the pipe after machining, cold rolling is carried out using cold pilger mill, control is every
Passage tube reducing, the deflection for subtracting wall.Intermediate annealing uses vacuum air-quenching furnace, and 800 DEG C of annealing heating temperature keep the temperature 1 hour, and furnace is cold
80 minutes are kept the temperature to 600 DEG C, it is air-cooled.
(6) final heat treatment final size tubing, which is put into vacuum air-quenching heat-treatment furnace, carries out Tempering and Quenching, control pipe
Material mechanical property and microstructure.1050 DEG C of quenching temperature, 10 minutes are kept the temperature, argon gas is cooling；Tempering heating-up temperature 720
DEG C, 90 minutes are kept the temperature, argon gas is cooling.
(7) aligning is aligned after finished product heat treatment, is aligned using straightener.
(8) cleaning carries out surfaces externally and internally cleaning to tubing after aligning, removes surface impurity and greasy dirt.
(9) multiple tube uses ultrasonic flaw detection after ultrasonic inspection cleaning, carries out 100% nothing to multiple tube after processing
Damage detection.
As shown in Fig. 2, the FeCrAl (outer layer) of manufactured 9.5 × 0.51mm of Φ/Fe alloy (transition zone)/T91 (internal layer)
Three-layer composite pipe, state are cold rolling state.From FeCrAl-Fe alloy-T91 three-layer composite pipe longitudinal direction, section metallograph can
It out, is T91 alloy on the left of picture, thickness about 0.34mm, picture right side is FeCrAl alloy, and thickness is about 0.15mm.Middle layer
For Fe alloy, thickness is about 0.015~0.020mm, and interface cohesion is good between three layers, without crackle, without gap.
Above-described specific embodiment carries out the purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effects further detailed
Describe in detail it is bright, it should be understood that being not intended to limit the present invention the foregoing is merely a specific embodiment of the invention
Protection scope, all within the spirits and principles of the present invention, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done should be included in
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy and the heat-resisting steel pipe of T91 ferrite/martensite, feature
It is: outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer iron element
Metallurgical bonding layer is directly formed between body/martensite heat-resistant steel pipe；Alternatively, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe and internal layer ferrite/
Fe base transition zone, outer layer FeCrAl compo pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe point are used among martensite heat-resistant steel pipe
Metallurgical bonding layer is not formed with transition zone.
2. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as described in claim 1 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
Multiple tube, which is characterized in that it includes: Fe, Cr, Mn, Al, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Si, C, N and rare earth that metallurgical bonding layer, which contains element,
One or more of element.
3. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as described in claim 1 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
Multiple tube, which is characterized in that internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe closes with a thickness of 0.1mm~0.4mm, outer layer FeCrAl
Golden pipe with a thickness of 0.05~0.3mm, metallurgical bonding layer is with a thickness of 0~0.1mm is greater than, and transition region thickness is lower than outer layer thickness
50%.
4. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy described in a kind of one of claims 1 to 3 and T91 ferrite/horse
The preparation method of the heat-resisting steel pipe of family name's body, which is characterized in that (1) composite pipe structure is as follows: internal layer is that ferrite/martensite is resistance to
Hot Steel material, outer layer are FeCrAl alloy material, assist transition zone therebetween for iron-based material；(2) involucrum metal seamless
The preparation step of multiple tube: encapsulation → thermal change is assembled in the degasification of the surface polishing of seamless multiple tube blank → seamless multiple tube blank
Shape processes metallurgical compound → annealing heat-treatment → cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing → final heat treatment → aligning → cleaning → finished product
It examines；After this method is assembled by outer layer, intermediate layer and inner tube, assembly is packaged into seamless multiple tube blank simultaneously after being vented
End seals are welded, after heated, the compound seamless multiple tube of metallurgy are formed using the method that thermal deformation is processed, eventually by cold
The production tube of required specification is processed into deformation or thermal deformation.
5. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 4 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
The preparation method of multiple tube, which comprises the steps of:
(a) preparation of seamless multiple tube blank
Outer layer FeCrAl alloy is processed into pipe；
Internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel is processed into pipe or bar；
Intermediate layer iron-based material is processed into pipe；
(b) surface polishing of seamless multiple tube blank
By outer tube, intermediate layer pipe, the surfaces externally and internally of inner tube or internal layer stick surface respectively carry out mechanical polishing processing or
Chemical polishing processing, reaches surface roughness to Ra0.1 μm, gap -0.1mm~2mm between each layer pipe；
(c) the assembly encapsulation of seamless multiple tube blank
By FeCrAl alloy outer pipe, intermediate layer pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe or stick after assembling, row
End is welded immediately except the gas among pipe, after exhaust to be sealed；
(d) thermal deformation processing metallurgy is compound
It will be sealed by FeCrAl alloy outer pipe, intermediate layer pipe, internal layer ferrite/martensite heat resisting pipe blank through exhaust
Carry out heating and thermal insulation after dress realizes multiple tube under high temperature thermal diffusion effect and the effect of big pressure distortion using thermal deformation processing
Metallurgy it is compound, thermal deformation method includes hot-swage, hot finish forge, hot spinning, hot rolling or hot isostatic pressing；
(e) annealing heat-treatment
By pipe of the metallurgy after compound, segmentation Heat preservation is carried out, and control cooling rate, remove internal stress, control tissue shape
State improves processability；700~1000 DEG C of heating temperature keep the temperature 30~60 minutes, and furnace keeps the temperature 30 after being as cold as 300~600 DEG C
It is~90 minutes, air-cooled.
6. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 5 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
The preparation method of multiple tube, which is characterized in that outer layer FeCrAl alloy material described in step (a) is ferrite FeCrAl alloy
Or its modified, or be oxide dispersion intensifying FeCrAl alloy；Wherein, the chemical component of FeCrAl alloy includes: Cr 12.0
~20.0wt%, Al 4.0~7.0wt%, C 0~0.1wt%, Nb 0.1~1.0wt%, V 0~0.5wt%, Si 0.1~
More than 1.5wt%, Mn 0~1.5wt%, Fe；Ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel described in step (a) is T91, P91 or its improvement
Type or CLAM low activation martensitic steel.
7. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 5 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
One of the preparation method of multiple tube, which is characterized in that the encapsulation of assembly described in step (c), with the following method:
Polished pipe is successively completed elastic conjunction by method 1；Inner tube is immersed in cryogenic fluid, cryogenic fluid uses
Liquid nitrogen medium；Inner tube is shunk at low temperature, after cleaning, is fitted into outer tube, when room temperature to be restored, is reached elastic conjunction, is led to
It crosses this method and bilayer or multilayer multiple tube is realized into elastic conjunction respectively, pipe carries out welding encapsulation after assembly；
Polished pipe is successively completed drawing assembly by method 2；After outer tube, inner tube assembly, while carrying out tube head
The draw processing；Then cored bar drawing is carried out, pipe is made to subtract wall tube reducing, realizes exhaust assembly, pipe carries out welding envelope after assembly
Dress；
Polished pipe is carried out after successively assembling, vacuum exhaust pipe is reserved in each layer pipe gap, and weld envelope by method 3
Dress；After welding, by vacuum pump into vacuumize process, by exhaust tube solder up after vacuumizing.
8. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 5 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
One of the preparation method of multiple tube, which is characterized in that the processing metallurgy of thermal deformation described in step (d) is compound, with the following method:
Method 1, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, and heat preservation 3~
30min, hot rolling processing, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.2~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 2, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, and heat preservation 3~
30min, through hot-swage big distortion, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.5~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 3, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, and heat preservation 3~
30min, through hot spinning deformation processing, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.1~1m/min of charging rate；
Method 4, the pipe for assembling encapsulation are put into resistance stove heating or induction heating, are heated to 800~1200 DEG C, and heat preservation 3~
30min, through hot finish forge big distortion, 1~6mm of tube reducing, 0.5~2m/min of charging rate；
Method 5, the pipe through exhaust encapsulation, the Compound Machining by the way of hot isostatic pressing, are protected by 800~1200 DEG C of heating temperature
Temperature 30~120min, 100~300MPa of pressure.
9. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 5 and T91 ferrite/martensite heat resisting steel
Multiple tube, which is characterized in that after annealing heat-treatment, carry out cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing process: by the pipe after machining
Base carries out cold rolling or drawbench cold-drawn using cold pilger mill, and cold rolled tube tube reducing subtracts wall deflection, passage deformation per pass for control
Amount 5~50%；Intermediate annealing process in metal seamless multiple tube cold rolling Cold Drawing Process, using vacuum air-quenching furnace or atmosphere protection
Furnace, 700~1000 DEG C of heating temperature keep the temperature 10~60 minutes, and furnace keeps the temperature 30~90 minutes after being as cold as 300~600 DEG C, using gas
Body is quickly cooled down.
10. nuclear reactor used by nuclear fuel jacketing FeCrAl alloy as claimed in claim 9 and T91 ferrite/martensite are heat-resisting
Steel pipe, which is characterized in that after cold rolling cold-drawn and intermediate annealing process, carry out final heat treatment: final finished size pipe
Material, which is put into vacuum air-quenching heat-treatment furnace, carries out Tempering and Quenching, controls mechanical properties of tubular goods and microstructure；Quench heating temperature
900~1050 DEG C of degree keeps the temperature 5~30 minutes, and inert gas is cooling；700~780 DEG C of tempering heating-up temperature, keep the temperature 30~150 points
Clock, inert gas are cooling.
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