CN109970645B - 含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物及其制法和有机电致发光器件 - Google Patents
含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物及其制法和有机电致发光器件 Download PDFInfo
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- CN109970645B CN109970645B CN201910323365.0A CN201910323365A CN109970645B CN 109970645 B CN109970645 B CN 109970645B CN 201910323365 A CN201910323365 A CN 201910323365A CN 109970645 B CN109970645 B CN 109970645B
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
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- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 11
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- MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium tert-butoxide Chemical compound [Na+].CC(C)(C)[O-] MFRIHAYPQRLWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 9
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- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- XHFLOLLMZOTPSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;hydrogen carbonate;hydrate Chemical class [OH-].[Na+].OC(O)=O XHFLOLLMZOTPSM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 claims description 4
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- 150000002391 heterocyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
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- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- UDQTXCHQKHIQMH-KYGLGHNPSA-N (3ar,5s,6s,7r,7ar)-5-(difluoromethyl)-2-(ethylamino)-5,6,7,7a-tetrahydro-3ah-pyrano[3,2-d][1,3]thiazole-6,7-diol Chemical compound S1C(NCC)=N[C@H]2[C@@H]1O[C@H](C(F)F)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]2O UDQTXCHQKHIQMH-KYGLGHNPSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000006749 (C6-C60) aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- YSUIQYOGTINQIN-UZFYAQMZSA-N 2-amino-9-[(1S,6R,8R,9S,10R,15R,17R,18R)-8-(6-aminopurin-9-yl)-9,18-difluoro-3,12-dihydroxy-3,12-bis(sulfanylidene)-2,4,7,11,13,16-hexaoxa-3lambda5,12lambda5-diphosphatricyclo[13.2.1.06,10]octadecan-17-yl]-1H-purin-6-one Chemical compound NC1=NC2=C(N=CN2[C@@H]2O[C@@H]3COP(S)(=O)O[C@@H]4[C@@H](COP(S)(=O)O[C@@H]2[C@@H]3F)O[C@H]([C@H]4F)N2C=NC3=C2N=CN=C3N)C(=O)N1 YSUIQYOGTINQIN-UZFYAQMZSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- WFOVEDJTASPCIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-[(4-methyl-5-pyridin-4-yl-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)methylamino]-n-[[2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methyl]benzamide Chemical compound N=1N=C(C=2C=CN=CC=2)N(C)C=1CNC(C=1)=CC=CC=1C(=O)NCC1=CC=CC=C1C(F)(F)F WFOVEDJTASPCIR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229940125936 compound 42 Drugs 0.000 description 5
- GWNFQAKCJYEJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 3-[8-[[4-methyl-5-[(3-methyl-4-oxophthalazin-1-yl)methyl]-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl]sulfanyl]octanoylamino]benzoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC(NC(=O)CCCCCCCSC2=NN=C(CC3=NN(C)C(=O)C4=CC=CC=C34)N2C)=CC=C1 GWNFQAKCJYEJEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YGBMCLDVRUGXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[6-[6-chloro-5-[(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonylamino]pyridin-3-yl]-1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl]acetamide Chemical compound C1=C2SC(NC(=O)C)=NC2=CC=C1C(C=1)=CN=C(Cl)C=1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 YGBMCLDVRUGXOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- IRBAWVGZNJIROV-SFHVURJKSA-N 9-(2-cyclopropylethynyl)-2-[[(2s)-1,4-dioxan-2-yl]methoxy]-6,7-dihydropyrimido[6,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one Chemical compound C1=C2C3=CC=C(C#CC4CC4)C=C3CCN2C(=O)N=C1OC[C@@H]1COCCO1 IRBAWVGZNJIROV-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 4
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- MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C21 MWPLVEDNUUSJAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzofuran Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=CC=CC=C3OC2=C1 TXCDCPKCNAJMEE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- MAOBFOXLCJIFLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-aminophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MAOBFOXLCJIFLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000008 (C1-C10) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DLKQHBOKULLWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromonaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(Br)=CC=CC2=C1 DLKQHBOKULLWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,10-dinaphthalen-2-ylanthracene Chemical compound C12=CC=CC=C2C(C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1C1=CC=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1 VIZUPBYFLORCRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIJYEGDOKCKUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-phenylcarbazole Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N1C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 VIJYEGDOKCKUOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003358 C2-C20 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005428 anthryl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C([H])=C3C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C3=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000113 differential scanning calorimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005566 electron beam evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005328 electron beam physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N heliogen blue Chemical compound [Cu].[N-]1C2=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=NC([N-]1)=C(C=CC=C3)C3=C1N=C([N-]1)C3=CC=CC=C3C1=N2 RBTKNAXYKSUFRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
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- AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K iridium(3+) pyridine-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ir+3].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=N1 AOZVYCYMTUWJHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002346 layers by function Substances 0.000 description 1
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-phenyl-n-(2-phenylphenyl)naphthalen-1-amine Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C2=CC=CC=C2C=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 GIFAOSNIDJTPNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-acid Natural products C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M phenylmagnesium bromide Chemical compound Br[Mg]C1=CC=CC=C1 ANRQGKOBLBYXFM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010898 silica gel chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D221/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00
- C07D221/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom, not provided for by groups C07D211/00 - C07D219/00 condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D221/04—Ortho- or peri-condensed ring systems
- C07D221/18—Ring systems of four or more rings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D401/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom
- C07D401/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings
- C07D401/12—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, having nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with only one nitrogen atom containing two hetero rings linked by a chain containing hetero atoms as chain links
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Abstract
本发明涉及有机发光材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物及其制法和有机电致发光器件。所述含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物的结构式如化学式1所示:
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及有机发光材料技术领域,具体涉及一种含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物及其制法和有机电致发光器件。
背景技术
电致发光装置(EL装置)为自动发光装置,其优点在于其提供较宽的视角、较大的对比率和较快的响应时间。而有机电致发光元件是利用了如下原理的自发光元件:通过施加电场,利用由阳极注入的空穴与由阴极注入的电子的复合能使荧光性物质发光。它具有如下结构:阳极、阴极以及介于两者之间的有机材料层。为了提高有机EL元件的效率和稳定性,有机材料层包括具有不同材料的多层,例如空穴注入层(HIL)、空穴传输层(HTL)、发光层、电子传输层(ETL)和电子注入层(EIL)。其中空穴传输层可改变空穴到发光层的空穴传输效率、发光效率、寿命等。因此,使用铜酞菁(CuPc)、4,4′-双[N-(1-萘基)-N-苯基氨基]联苯(NPB)、N,N′-二苯基-N,N′-双(3-甲基苯基)-(1,1′-联苯)-4,4′-二胺(TPD)等作为空穴传输材料。然而,使用这些材料的有机EL装置在量子效率和使用寿命方面仍有提升的空间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物及其制法和有机电致发光器件。本发明提供的化合物具有良好的热稳定性,制备路线简单,含有该化合物的有机电致发光器件具有极佳发光效率以及长寿命,是性能优秀的有机电致发光化合物。
为了实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案具体如下:
本发明提供一种含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物,其结构式如化学式1所示:
其中:
R1和R2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C1-C30烷基、经取代或未经取代的C2-C30烯基、经取代或未经取代的C3-C30炔基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C60杂芳基;或与相邻取代基连接形成单环或多环C3-C60脂环族环或芳香族环,其碳原子可置换为至少一个选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子;
R3和R4各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C1-C30烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳基或经取代或未经取代的C3-C60杂芳基;或与相邻取代基连接形成单环或多环C3-C60脂环族环或芳香族环,其碳原子可置换为至少一个选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子;
R5和R6各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羧基、硝基、羟基、经取代或未经取代的C1-C30烷基、经取代或未经取代的C2-C30烯基、经取代或未经取代的C2-C30炔基、经取代或未经取代的C1-C30烷氧基、经取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、经取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烯基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60杂环烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C60杂芳基;或与相邻取代基连接形成经取代或未经取代的单环或多环C6-C60脂环族环或芳香族环,其碳原子可置换成至少一个选自氮、氧或硫的杂原子;
a为0~4的整数,b为大于等于0的整数;
L为经取代或未经取代的烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C60杂芳基;或与相邻取代基连接形成单环或多环的C3-C60脂环族环或芳香族环,其碳原子可置换为氮、氧、硫和硅杂原子中的一个或一个以上取代;
m为大于等于1的整数;
Ar为经取代或未经取代的C6-C60芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C60杂芳基。
在上述技术方案中,优选的是R1和R2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C1-C20烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;R3和R4各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;R5和R6各自独立地表示氢、氘、卤素、氰基、羧基、硝基、羟基、经取代或未经取代的C1-C20烷基、经取代或未经取代的C2-C20烯基、经取代或未经取代的C2-C20炔基、经取代或未经取代的C3-C30环烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基、或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;a为0~4的整数,b为大于等于0的整数;L为经取代或未经取代的C1-C20烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;m为大于等于2的整数;Ar为经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基。
在上述技术方案中,进一步优选的是R1和R2各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C1-C10烷基、经取代或未经取代的C6-C14芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C14杂芳基;R3和R4各自独立地表示经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;R5和R6各自独立地表示氢;a为4,b为大于等于6的整数;L为经取代或未经取代的C6-C30芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C30杂芳基;m为大于等于2的整数;Ar为经取代或未经取代的C6-C16芳基或经取代或未经取代的C6-C16杂芳基。
在上述技术方案中,再进一步优选的是R1和R2各自独立地选自甲基、异丙基、苯基或萘基;R5和R6均为氢原子;L为苯基、萘基、蒽基、联苯基、萘基、二苯并呋喃、N-苯基咔唑、芴基、9,9-二甲基氧杂蒽、9,9-二甲基-10-苯基、吖啶、或者它们的衍生物;Ar为萘、蒽或芘;
R3和R4各自独立地选自下述结构中的任意一个:
在上述技术方案中,最优选的是所述含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物选自下述结构中的任意一个:
本发明还提供了一种含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物的制法,包括以下步骤:
①中间体C的合成:氮气气氛下,将反应物B和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入反应物A、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后进行反应;监测反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体C;优选反应温度为80℃,反应时间为6h;
②中间体D的合成:将中间体C溶于无水四氢呋喃中,降温至0℃,滴加R2MgBr(当反应物B中含有R1基团时加入R2MgBr)或R1MgBr(当反应物B中含有R2基团时加入R1MgBr),而后升温进行反应;反应结束后,冷却至常温,洗涤、分层,乙酸乙酯萃取,所得有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体D;优选反应温度为40℃,反应时间为6h;
③中间体E的合成:将中间体D溶于四氢呋喃和甲苯混合溶剂中,常温下加入甲磺酸,进行反应;反应结束后,分别加入水和乙酸乙酯搅拌,分层,收集有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后去除有机溶剂,得到中间体E;优选反应时间为8h;
④中间体G的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体E和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入X-(L)m-X、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后进行反应,反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体G;优选反应温度为60℃,反应时间为12h;
⑤化学式1所示化合物的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体G和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入NHR3R4、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后回流反应;反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤,过滤,所得固体用甲苯重结晶,得到化学式1所示化合物;优选反应时间为8h;
其合成路线如下:
其中,X为卤素原子,R1~R6、L、Ar、a、b、m与化学式1中限定的范围相同。
本发明对以下实施例所采用的原料没有特别的限制,可以为市售产品或者采用本技术领域技术人员所熟知的制备方法获得。
本发明还提供了一种包含本发明化学式1所示结构的化合物的有机电致发光器件。
所述有机电致发光器件包括:
第一电极、第二电极和置于所述两电极之间的有机物层,其中,所述有机物层中包含有化学式1所示化合物;化学式1所示结构化合物可以是单一形态或与其它物质(一般用于有机电致发光材料的常规材料)混合存在于有机物层中。其中,所述有机物层至少包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、既具备空穴注入又具备空穴传输技能层、电子阻挡层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层和既具备电子传输又具备电子注入技能层中的一种或几种。
所述第一和第二电极中的一个是阳极,且另一个是阴极。优选所述有机物层包含发光层,并且进一步包含至少一个选自空穴注入层、空穴传输层、电子传输层、电子注入层、空穴阻挡层以及电子阻挡层组成的群组的层。
在发光层和空穴传输层中的至少一个中可以包含根据本发明的化学式1所示结构化合物。
当化学式1所示结构的化合物存在于所述有机物层中的空穴传输层或者空穴注入层时,所述化学式1所示结构的化合物可以作为空穴传输层、空穴注入层以及既具备空穴注入又具备空穴传输功能层。
本发明所述的包含有化学式1所示结构的化合物制备的器件可以用于有机发光器件(OLED)、有机太阳电池(OSC)、电子纸(e-Paper)、有机感光体(OPC)或有机薄膜晶体管(OTFT)。
本发明所述的器件可以通过薄膜蒸镀、电子束蒸发、物理气相沉积等方法在基板上蒸镀金属以及具有导电性的氧化物及他们的合金形成阳极,也可以采用旋转涂膜(spin-coating)或薄带带头蒸镀;还可以采用成型(tape-casting)、刮片法(doctor-blading)、丝网印刷(Screen-Printing)、喷墨印刷或热成像(Thermal-Imaging)等方法减少层数制造。
本发明的有益效果是:
本发明提供用于有机EL装置中的可解决传统技术问题的空穴传输材料。传统的空穴传输材料基本以三芳基衍生物为主。虽然其具有空穴传输能力和低驱动电压,但是为了获得合适的玻璃态转变温度而不得不在其结构上引入大量的取代基提升其分子量。但是这样却降低三重态能量或LUMO能量,从而导致有机电致发光器件的劣化。理想的空穴传输材料需要高玻璃态转变温度、空穴注入能力和空穴传输能力,以及适合三重态能量和LUMO能量。因此,为了解决传统空穴传输材料中存在的问题而得到理想的材料,本发明提出一种氮杂环类的新型化合物。通过引入不同的取代基提高了该发明所示氮杂环类化合物的热稳定性、获得适当玻璃态转变温度;制备含有化学式1所示的氮杂环类化合物的有机电致发光器件,获得了优秀的空穴注入能力/传输能力,高功率效率、长寿命,从而获得了优质的有机电致发光材料。
本发明提供的化合物具有良好的热稳定性,制备路线简单,含有该化合物的有机电致发光器件具有极佳发光效率以及长寿命,是性能优秀的有机电致发光化合物。
具体实施方式
实施例1:化合物1的制备
中间体C-1的合成:氮气气氛下,将2-氨基二苯甲酮B-1(19.7g,100mmol)和NaOt-Bu(19.2g,200mmol)加入到200mL干燥甲苯中搅拌20min,随后加入1-溴萘(20.7g,100mmol)、Pd(OAc)2(0.2g,1mmol)和P(t-Bu)3(0.8g,2mmol),升温至80℃反应6h。监测反应结束后,冷却到室温,加入300mL水洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到淡黄色固体29.7g,收率92%。
中间体E-1的合成:将中间体C-1(29.7g,91mmol)溶于300mL无水四氢呋喃中,降温至0℃左右,滴加苯基溴化镁溶液D-1(44mL,110mmol),而后升至40℃反应6h。反应结束后,冷却至常温,加入300mL水洗涤、分层,300mL乙酸乙酯萃取,所得有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后硅胶层析柱分离,得到白色固体30.9g,收率84%。
中间体F-1的合成:将中间体E-1(30.9g,77mmol)溶于干燥的150mL四氢呋喃和150mL甲苯混合溶剂中,常温下加入甲磺酸(40.0g,384mmol),反应8h。反应结束后,分别加入300mL水和乙酸乙酯搅拌,分层,收集有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后去除有机溶剂,得到白色固体25.7g,收率87%。
中间体H-1的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体F-1(25.7g,67mmol)和NaOt-Bu(12.9g,134mmol)加入到250mL干燥甲苯中搅拌20min,随后加入4,4'-二溴联苯G-1(21.0g,70mmol)、Pd(OAc)2(0.15g,0.7mmol)和P(t-Bu)3(0.6g,1.4mmol),升温至60℃反应12h。反应结束后,冷却到室温,加入300mL水洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到白色固体21.8g,收率54%。
化合物1的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体H-1(21.8g,36mmol)和NaOt-Bu(6.9g,72mmol)加入到200mL干燥甲苯中搅拌20min,随后加入二苯基胺I-1(6.43g,38mmol)、Pd(OAc)2(0.1g,0.4mmol)和P(t-Bu)3(0.3g,0.8mmol),升温至回流反应8h。反应结束后,冷却到室温,加入300mL水洗涤,过滤,所得固体用甲苯重结晶,得到白色固体18.2g,收率72%。质谱m/z=702.9(计算值702.3)。
实施例2:化合物3的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物3,与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-3代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=855.1(计算值854.37)。
实施例3:化合物8的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物8。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体B-8代替B-1制备得到中间体H-8,然后用中间体H-8代替中间体H-1,中间体I-8代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=878.29(计算值878.37)。
实施例4:化合物15的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物15。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-15代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=934.21(计算值934.43)。
实施例5:化合物26的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物26。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-26代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=943.94(计算值944.38)。
实施例6:化合物32的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物32。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-32代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=856.17(计算值856.36)。
实施例7:化合物42的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物42。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-42代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=852.73(计算值852.35)。
实施例8:化合物43的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物43。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体I-43代替中间体I-1。质谱m/z=985.22(计算值985.44)。
实施例9:化合物55的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物55。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体G-55代替中间体G-1,I-3代替I-1。质谱m/z=882.82(计算值882.4)。
实施例10:化合物71的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物55。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体G-71代替中间体G-1,I-71代替I-1。质谱m/z=994.53(计算值994.43)。
实施例11:化合物76的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物76。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体G-76代替中间体G-1,I-3代替I-1。质谱m/z=894.76(计算值894.4)。
实施例12:化合物82的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物82。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体G-82代替中间体G-1,I-71代替I-1。质谱m/z=908.2(计算值908.38)。
实施例13:化合物101的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物101。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体A-101代替中间体A-1,B-101代替B-1,I-42代替I-1。质谱m/z=902.81(计算值902.37)。
实施例14:化合物105的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物105。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体A-105代替中间体A-1,B-105代替B-1,I-71代替I-1。质谱m/z=944.25(计算值944.41)。
实施例15:化合物122的制备
按照实施例1的方法制备化合物105。与实施例1的不同之处在于使用中间体A-105代替中间体A-1,B-122代替B-1,D-122代替D-1,I-122代替I-1。质谱m/z=903.65(计算值903.46)。
实施例16:制造含有化合物1的有机电致发光器件
将涂层厚度为的ITO玻璃基板放在蒸馏水中清洗2次,超声波洗涤30分钟,用蒸馏水反复清洗2次,超声波洗涤10分钟,蒸馏水清洗结束后,异丙醇、丙酮、甲醇等溶剂按顺序超声波洗涤以后干燥,转移到等离子体清洗机里,将上述基板洗涤5分钟,送到蒸镀机里。将已经准备好的ITO透明电极上蒸镀厚度为50nm的4,4',4”-三[2-萘基苯基氨基]三苯基胺(2-TNATA)作为空穴注入层。然后将化合物1在形成的空穴注入层上面真空蒸镀厚度为30nm的空穴传输层。然后在上述空穴传输层上蒸镀厚度为30nm的蓝色主体材料9,10-二(2-萘基)蒽(ADN)和掺杂材料双(4,6-二氟苯基吡啶-N,C2)吡啶甲酰合铱(FIrpic)。主体材料和掺杂材料的重量比为95:5。接着在上述发光层上真空蒸镀厚度为40nm的TPBi作为空穴阻挡层及电子传输层。在上述电子传输层上真空蒸镀厚度为0.5nm氟化锂(LiF),作为电子注入层。最后蒸镀厚度为150nm的铝作为阴极,以此完成了有机电致发光器件的制备。对得到的器件的性能发光特性测试,测量采用KEITHLEY2400型源测量单元,CS-2000分光辐射亮度计,以评价驱动电压,发光亮度,发光效率。
实施例17:制造含有化合物3的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物3,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物3的有机电致发光器件。
实施例18:制造含有化合物8的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物8,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物8的有机电致发光器件。
实施例19:制造含有化合物15的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物15,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物15的有机电致发光器件。
实施例20:制造含有化合物26的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物26,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物26的有机电致发光器件。
实施例21:制造含有化合物32的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物32,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物32的有机电致发光器件。
实施例22:制造含有化合物42的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物42,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物42的有机电致发光器件。
实施例23:制造含有化合物43的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物43,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物43的有机电致发光器件。
实施例24:制造含有化合物55的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物55,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物55的有机电致发光器件。
实施例25:制造含有化合物71的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物71,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物71的有机电致发光器件。
实施例26:制造含有化合物76的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物76,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物76的有机电致发光器件。
实施例27:制造含有化合物82的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物82,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物82的有机电致发光器件。
实施例28:制造含有化合物101的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物101,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物101的有机电致发光器件。
实施例29:制造含有化合物105的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物105,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物105的有机电致发光器件。
实施例30:制造含有化合物122的有机电致发光器件
将实施例16中的化合物1置换为化合物122,其他方法相同,制作含有化合物122的有机电致发光器件。
实施例31:按照实施例16的方法,将空穴传输层的材料由化合物1置换为N'-二(1-萘基)-N,N'-二苯基-(1,1'-联苯)-4,4'-二胺(NPD)。
用热重分析法测量实施例1~15合成的化合物的热分解温度。应用差示扫描量热法测量上述化合物的玻璃化转变温度Tg。结果如表1所示:
表1
实施例 | 化合物 | 热分解温度 | Tg(℃) |
实施例1 | 1 | 460 | 125 |
实施例2 | 3 | 470 | 130 |
实施例3 | 8 | 465 | 126 |
实施例4 | 15 | 478 | 132 |
实施例5 | 26 | 440 | 120 |
实施例6 | 32 | 465 | 135 |
实施例7 | 42 | 503 | 127 |
实施例8 | 43 | 476 | 125 |
实施例9 | 55 | 452 | 131 |
实施例10 | 71 | 496 | 129 |
实施例11 | 76 | 510 | 125 |
实施例12 | 82 | 475 | 121 |
实施例13 | 101 | 459 | 137 |
实施例14 | 105 | 484 | 127 |
实施例15 | 122 | 475 | 135 |
表2为由本发明实施例制备的化合物以及NPD制备的发光器件的发光特性测试结果。
表2
从上表可看出本发明提供的化合物有适合的玻璃态转变温度,由本发明的化合物作为空穴传输层制备的器件的发光效率及寿命相对于由NPD作为空穴传输层制备的器件的发光效率及寿命有显著的提高。
显然,上述实施例仅仅是为清楚地说明所作的举例,而并非对实施方式的限定。对于所属领域的普通技术人员来说,在上述说明的基础上还可以做出其它不同形式的变化或变动。这里无需也无法对所有的实施方式予以穷举。而由此所引伸出的显而易见的变化或变动仍处于本发明创造的保护范围之中。
Claims (6)
2.一种权利要求1所述的含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物的制法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
①中间体C的合成:氮气气氛下,将反应物B和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入反应物A、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后进行反应;监测反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体C;
②中间体D的合成:将中间体C溶于无水四氢呋喃中,滴加R2MgBr或R1MgBr,而后升温进行反应;反应结束后,冷却至常温,洗涤、分层,乙酸乙酯萃取,所得有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体D;
③中间体E的合成:将中间体D溶于四氢呋喃和甲苯混合溶剂中,常温下加入甲磺酸,进行反应;反应结束后,分别加入水和乙酸乙酯搅拌,分层,收集有机相,饱和碳酸氢钠水溶液洗涤,干燥后去除有机溶剂,得到中间体E;
④中间体G的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体E和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入X-(L)m-X、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后进行反应;反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤、分层、萃取,硅胶层析柱分离,得到中间体G;
⑤化学式1所示化合物的合成:氮气气氛下,将中间体G和NaOt-Bu溶于甲苯中,随后加入NHR3R4、Pd(OAc)2和P(t-Bu)3,升温后回流反应;反应结束后,冷却到室温,洗涤,过滤,所得固体用甲苯重结晶,得到化学式1所示化合物;
其合成路线如下:
其中,X为卤素原子,R1-R6、L、Ar、a、b、m与权利要求1中各化合物上的取代基团对应。
3.一种包含权利要求1所述的含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物的有机电致发光器件。
4.根据权利要求3所述的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,包括:
第一电极、第二电极和置于所述两电极之间的有机物层,其中,所述有机物层中包含有权利要求1所述的含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物;权利要求1所述的含氮杂环有机电致发光化合物可以是单一形态或与其它物质混合存在于有机物层中。
5.根据权利要求4所述的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,所述有机物层至少包括空穴注入层、空穴传输层、既具备空穴注入又具备空穴传输技能层、电子阻挡层、发光层、空穴阻挡层、电子传输层、电子注入层和既具备电子传输又具备电子注入技能层中的一种或几种。
6.根据权利要求3所述的有机电致发光器件,其特征在于,其可以用于有机发光器件、有机太阳电池、电子纸、有机感光体或有机薄膜晶体管。
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