CN109959938A - Polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing - Google Patents
Polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000001328 terahertz time-domain spectroscopy Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 12
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 abstract description 14
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000009659 non-destructive testing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003989 dielectric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013441 quality evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001931 thermography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3581—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation
- G01N21/3586—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light using far infrared light; using Terahertz radiation by Terahertz time domain spectroscopy [THz-TDS]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/89—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S17/90—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques
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- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Synthetic Aperture Focussing Imagings based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopic technology, comprising: the propagation path for being changed THz wave using lens is carried out scanning to sample using two-dimensional movement platform, obtains corresponding terahertz pulse spectrum；Spatial modeling is carried out according to the relative positional relationship in pixel and virtual emission source；Relationship calculates the corresponding intensity value in the pulse spectrum that each scanning point obtains depending on the relative position.Pixel intensity is calculated according to all pulse strength values being calculated, according to the corresponding gray value of pixel Strength co-mputation；The terahertz image obtained using this method lateral resolution with higher compared with using the direct imaging of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system, has stronger detectability to the tiny flaw on polyethylene pipe.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of polythene material imaging data processing methods, more particularly to one kind to be based on synthetic aperture focusing
Polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method.
Background technique
Polyvinyl piping materials can be divided into pressure-bearing pipe fitting and non-pressure pipe fitting depending on the application, be often divided into according to polyethylene grades
PE63, PE80 and PE100, wherein nowadays PE63 has been rarely employed in terms of tubing, stage division be according to tubing most
Small desired strength (Minimum Required Strength) divides, such as the MRS of PE80 can achieve 8MPa, polyethylene combustion
Low pressure 0.4MPa steady in a long-term in feed channel, with PE pipeline prolonged use, safety problem caused by pipeline defect itself
Also it is exposed, especially not caused enough the pipe deforming of PE pipeline buried depth, the unclear caused third party in position construct and damage
It is bad, or will lead to be mingled with since environmental condition is complex during the welding process, the defect of cold welding, these hiding defects
Huge threat is caused to the safe operation of pipeline.Polyethylene pipe tool joint monitor method common at present mainly has destructive inspection
Survey, ultrasound examination, microwave ultraviolet lamp, infrared thermal imaging, X-ray etc., wherein ultrasound is most common pipeline non-destructive testing
Means, but there is acoustic wave energy in polyethylene pipe and decay rapid, the detection to the defect of higher depth in ultrasonic wave
Ability is limited, and therefore, application of the THz wave in terms of polyethylene defect non-destructive testing in recent years causes extensive concern.
Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging technique is a research emphasis of field of non destructive testing, the frequency that Terahertz refers to now
Electromagnetic wave of the range between 1011~1013Hz, frequency between microwave and it is infrared between.THz (Terahertz) wave is to nonpolarity
Liquid and dielectric material have good penetration capacity, and the energy level of THz wave is low, not will cause harmful electricity to human body
From being a kind of safe detection means, THz wave has good penetrability to the material of typical gas pipeline, therefore, too
Hertz wave has very wide application prospect in terms of polyethylene pipe non-destructive testing, but is imaged just with terahertz pulse
The obtained terahertz image of mode there is a problem of that the lateral resolution of imaging is lower.
The main operational principle of THz-TDS (terahertz time-domain spectroscopy instrument) are as follows: femtosecond laser is generated using femto-second laser,
Laser is divided into detection light and pump light with beam splitter, pump light is incident on THz radiation after time delays system and generates dress
It sets, terahertz pulse is excited with this, this is passed through in direct impulse and THz pulse while collinear incident to THz detection device
Photoconductive effect detects THz pulse.The time between pumping pulse and direct impulse is controlled by regulating time delayed time system
Delay, finally detects the entire time domain waveform of sample Yu THz pulse.
The data processing method for using for reference synthetic aperture is imaged, and synthetic aperture is a kind of Image retro-reconstruction algorithm, can
By the collected Data Synthesis large aperture imaging of aperture, high-resolution image is obtained by the method for point-by-point focusing, synthesizes hole
The method that diameter focuses can break through the limitation of small-bore imaging system attitude resolution ratio.
Summary of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is to realize to carry out imaging inspection to the tiny flaw on polyethylene pipe connector and tube body
It surveys, improves the resolution ratio of imaging, the quality evaluation of polyethylene pipe connector and late detection are safeguarded in favor of realizing.For reality
This existing purpose, technical scheme is as follows:
It the following steps are included:
1) change the propagation path of THz wave in space, the terahertz that will launch from terahertz sources source using lens
Hereby the covering surface of wave becomes cone from cylinder, increases a scanning to the sample area covered；
2) mobile two-dimensional movement platform, mobile Terahertz probe and lens, carry out two-dimentional scanning to sample, obtain each
The reflective terahertz time-domain pulse spectrum of scanning point；
3) it is modeled according to the relative positional relationship of scanning point and sample imaging point；
4) difference depending on the relative position calculates the time difference of pixel and each scanning point position, is existed by the time difference
Terahertz pulse spectrally finds the terahertz pulse response intensity of response；
5) pixel for obtaining the pixel by accumulation calculating according to the pulse strength on each scanning point found is strong
Degree；
6) it is imaged according to the pixel intensity value of all pixels point.
Further, the tera-hertz spectra measuring device is reflection-type terahertz time-domain spectroscopy device.
Further, the difference of the imaging method and common terahertz imaging is to be changed Terahertz light path, by edge
The Terahertz propagation path of straightline propagation changes into critical dimensions by lens.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
What the probe of terahertz imaging can not be done at this stage is too big, causes the lateral resolution of imaging results lower.It is based on
The imaging method of synthetic aperture focusing can use lesser pore size and reach the imaging effect of large aperture, to improve image
Resolution ratio.
Figure of description
The Terahertz propagation path figure of Fig. 1 system；
Fig. 2 system modelling figure；
Fig. 3 THz-TDS index path.
Specific embodiment
It is explained further below according to Fig. 1-3 pairs of a specific embodiment of the invention
Embodiment:
In order to more clearly illustrate to technical solution of the present invention, purpose and beneficial effect, first to of the invention
Technical solution is described in detail, but should not be understood as limitation of the invention.
Firstly, THz wave is the general designation to the electromagnetic radiation of a specific band, be located in wave spectrum microwave with it is infrared
Between, the title of Terahertz derives from its oscillation frequency domain in the left and right 1012Hz (1THz=1012Hz).It, should in person in electronics
The electromagnetic wave of frequency of oscillation is known as millimeter wave and submillimeter wave；In field of spectroscopy, it is also referred to as far ir ray.General feelings
Under condition, it is 0.1~10THz that THz wave, which refers to frequency range, some occasions are refered in particular between 0.3~3THz range, when going back some
Wait and be endowed the definition of broad sense a kind of, frequency range may include 100THz, this include in, far infrared band.One allusion quotation
The frequency of oscillation of type is the electromagnetic wave of 1THz, and cycle of oscillation 1ps, wavelength is 300 μm, characteristic temperature 48K, its photon
Energy is 4.1MeV, well below the energy that X-ray has, so damage very little of the THz wave to human body, safety are good.?
Transmission aspect, THz wave have a very strong penetration capacity to non-polar material and liquid, THz wave technology perspective at
As context of detection has and its wide application prospect.Also, the size of the dust in air is far below the wavelength of THz wave,
So the floating materials such as dust in air will not propagation aerial to THz wave impact.Polyethylene is as a kind of non-
Polar material, THz wave have very strong penetration capacity to it.After THz wave penetrates the polyethylene examination fastly with a thickness of 6mm
Energy intensity be about the 91.34% of reference signal, this is that other detection means are unable to reach, thus THz wave to compared with
There is very wide application prospect in thick polyethylene orphan's pipe detection.
The basic thought of synthetic aperture principle is to use a lesser antenna as single emission source.By this element along straight line
Mobile, the chosen position in moving process emits on each position and receives corresponding signal, by the phase and amplitude of echo
Storage.The echo-signal that different moments in moving process are received was eliminated because of time and the phase difference caused by the difference, was repaired
The case where just arriving while receiving, so that it may obtain reception identical with large aperture antenna.
The terahertz imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing of invention, mainly comprises the steps that
(1) optical path of reflective terahertz time-domain spectroscopy system is transformed, places one using in the case where Terahertz is popped one's head in
THz wave is focused spatially certain point by a convex lens；
(2) THz wave focus is considered as a virtual terahertz sources source, is popped one's head in using the mobile Terahertz of two-dimensional stage
Scanning is carried out to sample, obtains the time domain response E [xm, yn, t] of each scanning point；
(3) position to virtual emission source and pixel position carry out modeling analysis, calculate THz wave from emission source
It is emitted to the time delays received by Terahertz probe；
(4) it according to time delays calculated result, is searched in the time domain response of each scanning point corresponding with time delays
Time domain response intensity；
Time delays calculation formula:
WhereinIndicate target point to model coordinate origin vector,Indicate virtual emission source to coordinate origin to
Amount；
To target pixel points, adds up the time domain response intensity on each scanning point, it is strong to obtain corresponding pixel time domain
Angle value；
The calculation formula of time domain response intensity are as follows:
(5) gray value of target pixel points is calculated according to the time domain intensity summation of target pixel points.
According to Rayleigh criterion:Wherein, Δ is lateral resolution, and λ is carrier wavelength, and l is focal length.D is
Mirror diameter.The lateral resolution of one optical system is related to three above factor, for terahertz imaging system λ and l all
It is determining.What the probe of terahertz imaging can not be done at this stage is too big, i.e. D obtain being worth under technical conditions at this stage compared with
It is small, therefore cause the lateral resolution of imaging results lower.Imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing can use lesser
Pore size reaches the imaging effect of large aperture, that is, promotes the size of D, so that the resolution ratio for improving image is above-described is only
The embodiment of the present invention.
The common sense such as well known specific method or characteristic do not make excessive description herein in scheme.It should be pointed out that for this skill
For the personnel of art field, under the premise of not departing from the present invention, several modifications and improvements can also be carried out, these also should be considered as
Protection scope of the present invention, these all will not influence the effect and patent practicability that the present invention is implemented.This application claims guarantor
Shield range should be based on the contents of the claims, and the records such as specific embodiment in specification can be used for explaining that right is wanted
The content asked.
Claims (3)
1. the polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method based on synthetic aperture focusing, which is characterized in that it include with
Lower step:
1) it places a convex lens under terahertz sources probe to focus the THz wave of transmitting above sample, by lens
Focus is considered as terahertz sources source, and lens focus changes THz wave in space using lens away from sample surfaces about 1cm when imaging
In propagation path, by the covering surface for the THz wave launched from terahertz sources source from cylinder become cone, increase one
Sample area of the secondary scanning to covering；
2) the mobile Terahertz probe of mobile two-dimensional movement platform and lens, carry out two-dimentional scanning to sample, obtain each scanning
The reflective terahertz time-domain pulse spectrum of point；
3) it is modeled according to the relative positional relationship of scanning point and sample imaging point；
4) difference depending on the relative position calculates the time difference of pixel and each scanning point position, by the time difference in terahertz
Corresponding terahertz pulse response intensity is hereby found in pulse spectrum；
5) image pixel intensities of the pixel are obtained by accumulation calculating according to the pulse strength on each scanning point found；
6) it is imaged according to the pixel intensity value of all pixels point.
2. the polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture focusing,
It is characterized by: the tera-hertz spectra measuring device is reflection-type terahertz time-domain spectroscopy device.
3. the polythene material terahertz time-domain spectroscopy imaging method according to claim 1 based on synthetic aperture focusing,
It is characterized by: the difference of the imaging method and common terahertz imaging is to be changed Terahertz light path, it will be along straight line
The Terahertz propagation path of propagation changes into critical dimensions by lens.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN110412133A (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2019-11-05 | 中国计量大学 | A kind of supersonic array concrete NDT system based on synthetic aperture focusing imaging |
| CN111538031A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-14 | 清华大学 | Confocal terahertz radar imaging system |
| CN114527568A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-24 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Terahertz single lens for divergent terahertz wave focusing and design method thereof |
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